CN109994794A - A kind of lithium ion battery cracking system - Google Patents
A kind of lithium ion battery cracking system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109994794A CN109994794A CN201711486675.1A CN201711486675A CN109994794A CN 109994794 A CN109994794 A CN 109994794A CN 201711486675 A CN201711486675 A CN 201711486675A CN 109994794 A CN109994794 A CN 109994794A
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- bucket
- temperature bucket
- cooling
- lithium ion
- ion battery
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 36
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 36
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 30
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001872 inorganic gas Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002338 polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- PTVDYARBVCBHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu] PTVDYARBVCBHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004630 mental health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005439 thermosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of lithium ion battery cracking systems, low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, high temperature bucket and the cooling bucket including the body feed tank for placing lithium ion battery and being successively tightly connected, and air inlet and air outlet are offered respectively on the low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, high temperature bucket and cooling bucket, the body feed tank can be respectively placed in the low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, high temperature bucket and cooling bucket, and the both ends of the body feed tank are thermal insulation board, offer through-hole on the side wall of the body feed tank and bottom surface.Using the lithium ion battery cracking system, lithium battery does not have to broken, it is directly entered pyrolysis furnace, outflow is copper liquid and molten aluminum, becomes copper ingot and aluminium ingot after cooling, small molecule inorganic gas is formed after various harmful gas centralized burnings, unified be sent into absorption furnace is handled, and therefore, is overflowed without smell, it is free from environmental pollution, while obtaining the product aluminium ingot and copper ingot of high-purity.And device structure is simple, it is at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to old and useless battery treatment technical fields, more specifically to a kind of lithium ion battery cracking system.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery is a kind of secondary cell, and relying primarily on lithium ion, movement carrys out work between a positive electrode and a negative electrode.?
It has a wide range of applications in mobile phone, laptop, while having supervened a large amount of waste and old lithium ion batteries.
Currently, processing of the recycling industry to waste lithium cell, general flow are as follows: first carrying out waste lithium cell mechanical broken
It is broken, while carrying out the separation of gas (including paper scrap, dust, various gases) and solid (including iron, copper, aluminium).Wherein, gas point
From being carried out by way of wind, what is be blown up in separation process has: paper scrap, dust and various gases need to pass through wind
Choosing separates paper scrap, separates dust by dialysis, then various gases are arranged by pipeline to aerial.Solid separation first passes through magnetic separation will
Ferrous material (including steel shell) is selected, then by selection by winnowing layer by layer, gradually copper scale and aluminium skimmings are precipitated, the dust that generates in the process and
Gas, then dust is separated by dialysis, various gases are arranged by pipeline to aerial.
However, the equipment of above-mentioned process have the characteristics that it is lower: bulky, 10 tons of the equipment of processing in a set of day, occupied area
200 square metres or so are needed, more than 10 rice of height；Equipment cost is high, usually 1,200,000 or so；Power consumption is big, and one hour power consumption is about
150 degree, one day based on 10 hours, 1500 degree of power consumption；Noise is big, all at 100 decibels or more or even 120 decibels；Dust is big, empty
Toner density is big in gas；Smell is dense, and various pernicious gases diffuse in air.To sum up, equipment is not only again but also big, and transport is inconvenient, must
Palpus in-site installation and debugging, need huge workshop that could construct；Equipment cost is high, it is difficult to large-scale popularization；Complex procedures, operation
Frequently, material transfer several times is needed in the process；Power consumption is big, and often output income not consider cost of labor more not as good as power consumption, because
This, often has idle；Production environment is severe, seriously affects the physical and mental health of worker；The copper scale separated, aluminium skimmings purity is not high,
Granular size is different, and needing to carry out secondary purification could use.
It is current in conclusion how to efficiently solve the problems such as lithium ion battery cost recovery is high, production environment is severe
Those skilled in the art's urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of lithium ion battery cracking system, lithium ion battery cracking
The structure design of system can efficiently solve the problem that lithium ion battery cost recovery is high, production environment is severe.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of lithium ion battery cracking system including the body feed tank for placing lithium ion battery and is successively tightly connected
Low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, high temperature bucket and cooling bucket, and offered respectively on the low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, high temperature bucket and cooling bucket into
Port and gas outlet, the body feed tank can be respectively placed in the low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, high temperature bucket and cooling bucket, and institute
The both ends for stating body feed tank are thermal insulation board, offer through-hole on the side wall of the body feed tank and bottom surface.
Preferably, in above-mentioned lithium ion battery cracking system, the head end of the low temperature bucket is sealedly connected with head tank, described
The feed cap being removably sealedly and fixedly connected on head tank for being put into the body feed tank；The tail end sealing of the cooling bucket
It is connected with discharge tank, the discharging lid being removably sealedly and fixedly connected on the discharge tank for taking out the body feed tank.
Preferably, the head tank, the low temperature bucket, the medium temperature bucket, described in above-mentioned lithium ion battery cracking system
High temperature bucket, the cooling bucket and the discharge tank linearly connect, and form six segmentation structures, and are in predetermined angle with horizontal direction
Inclination, and the head tank is located above, the discharge tank is located below.
Preferably, the head tank, the low temperature bucket, the medium temperature bucket, described in above-mentioned lithium ion battery cracking system
The gas outlet of high temperature bucket, the cooling bucket and the discharge tank is connected to the exhaust gas entrance of combustion furnace, is set on the combustion furnace
Be equipped with hydrone entrance and moisture subexit, the hydrone entrance be connected to vaporization rifle, the moisture subexit with it is described in
The air inlet of warm bucket is connected to.
Preferably, in above-mentioned lithium ion battery cracking system, the vaporization rifle is connected to the air inlet of the low temperature bucket, institute
The gas outlet for stating medium temperature bucket is connected with the air inlet of the high temperature bucket, the air inlet of the gas outlet of the high temperature bucket and the cooling bucket
Mouth is connected.
Preferably, in above-mentioned lithium ion battery cracking system, the cooling bucket includes inner drum and exterior bowl, the interior bucket
Cooling chamber is formed between body and said tub body, and the medium inlet for being passed through cooling medium and use are offered on the cooling chamber
In the media outlet of cooling medium outflow.
Preferably, in above-mentioned lithium ion battery cracking system, the cooling medium is cooling water, is connected on the cooling chamber
There is the steam pipe for vapor discharge.
It preferably, further include decompression bucket, the decompression bucket includes inflator, piston in above-mentioned lithium ion battery cracking system
And elastic component, the piston are set in the inflator and the inflator are divided into the first cavity and the second cavity, described the
One cavity is closed cavity and is provided with valve, and the valve is connected to the gas outlet of the low temperature bucket, and second cavity is
Open cavity, the elastic component are compressed when piston is mobile to second cavity side.
Preferably, in above-mentioned lithium ion battery cracking system, the bucket of the low temperature bucket, the medium temperature bucket and the high temperature bucket
Thermal insulation layer is enclosed with outside wall respectively, is separately provided for outside the thermal insulation layer by the low temperature bucket, the medium temperature bucket and described
The electromagnetic heating coil of corresponding temperature is separately heated to inside high temperature bucket.
Preferably, in above-mentioned lithium ion battery cracking system, the air inlet of the medium temperature bucket is connected with collection aluminium bucket, the height
The air inlet of warm bucket is connected with Ji Tongdou.
Lithium ion battery cracking system provided by the invention includes body feed tank and the low temperature bucket being successively tightly connected, medium temperature
Bucket, high temperature bucket and cooling bucket.Wherein, body feed tank is for placing lithium ion battery.Low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, high temperature bucket and cooling bucket
Upper to offer air inlet and air outlet respectively, body feed tank can be respectively placed in low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, high temperature bucket and cooling bucket
In, and the both ends of body feed tank are thermal insulation board, offer through-hole on the side wall of body feed tank and bottom surface.
Using lithium ion battery cracking system provided by the invention, waste lithium cell is orderly packed into body feed tank, and will
In body feed tank push-in low temperature bucket equipped with waste lithium cell, control low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, the temperature in high temperature bucket are respectively in correspondence
Preset temperature range in, and by each bucket air empty.Body feed tank, which successively passes through low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, high temperature bucket, to carry out
Reaction.In low temperature bucket, the organic matter in lithium battery will all resolve into micro-molecular gas, be discharged from gas outlet.When in low temperature bucket
Waste lithium cell organic matter decompose it is basic after, into body feed tank push-in medium temperature bucket；In medium temperature bucket, in lithium battery
Aluminium material drips downwards whole fusings, concentrates and is discharged from the air inlet of medium temperature bucket；When the aluminium of material in medium temperature bucket all melts
Afterwards, body feed tank is pushed into high temperature bucket；In high temperature bucket, whole fusings are dripped downwards, are concentrated from height by the copper material in lithium battery
The air inlet of warm bucket is discharged；After the copper of material in high temperature bucket all melts, body feed tank is pushed into cooling bucket；Material and cooling
The cooling medium of bucket carries out heat exchange, temperature decline；When the temperature of the material in cooling bucket drops between 200-300 DEG C, i.e.,
Body feed tank can be released.To sum up, the lithium ion battery cracking system, lithium battery do not have to be crushed, and are directly entered pyrolysis furnace, outflow
It is copper liquid and molten aluminum, becomes copper ingot and aluminium ingot after cooling, form small molecule inorganic gas after various harmful gas centralized burnings,
It is unified be sent into absorb is handled in furnace, therefore, overflowed without smell, it is free from environmental pollution, while obtain high-purity product aluminium ingot and
Copper ingot.And device structure is simple, it is at low cost.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic view of the front view of the lithium ion battery cracking system of a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the overlooking structure diagram of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the local explosion structure diagram of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of head tank；
Fig. 5 is the configuration schematic diagram for depressurizing bucket；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of cooling bucket；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of combustion furnace；
Fig. 8 is the schematic view of the front view of Fig. 7；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of body feed tank；
Figure 10 is that energy flows to schematic diagram；
Figure 11 is waste gas flow direction schematic diagram；
Figure 12 is stream of water molecule to schematic diagram.
It is marked in attached drawing as follows:
Head tank 1, low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3, high temperature bucket 4, cooling bucket 5, discharge tank 6, feed cap 11, discharge lid 61, combustion
Furnace 7 is burnt, rifle 8 is vaporized, body feed tank 9 depressurizes bucket 10, collects aluminium bucket 31, collects copper bucket 41, inflator 101, piston 102, valve 103, elasticity
Part 104, cooling chamber 51, medium inlet 52, media outlet 53, steam pipe 54, hydrone entrance 71, moisture subexit 72, exhaust gas
Entrance 73, waste gas outlet 74, observation window 75, thermal insulation board 91, through-hole 92.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of lithium ion battery cracking systems to be changed with reducing lithium ion battery cost recovery
Kind production environment.
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1-Figure 12 is please referred to, Fig. 1 is the main view knot of the lithium ion battery cracking system of a specific embodiment of the invention
Structure schematic diagram；Fig. 2 is the overlooking structure diagram of Fig. 1；Fig. 3 is the local explosion structure diagram of Fig. 1；Fig. 4 is head tank
Structural schematic diagram；Fig. 5 is the configuration schematic diagram for depressurizing bucket；Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of cooling bucket；Fig. 7 is combustion furnace
Structural schematic diagram；Fig. 8 is the schematic view of the front view of Fig. 7；Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of body feed tank；Figure 10 is that energy flow direction is shown
It is intended to；Figure 11 is waste gas flow direction schematic diagram；Figure 12 is stream of water molecule to schematic diagram.
In a specific embodiment, lithium ion battery cracking system provided by the invention includes body feed tank 9 and successively close
Head tank 1, low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3, high temperature bucket 4, cooling bucket 5 and the discharge tank 6 for sealing connection, form six segmentation structures.
Wherein, body feed tank 9 is thermal insulation board 91, the side wall of body feed tank 9 for placing lithium ion battery, the both ends of body feed tank 9
With through-hole 92 is offered on bottom surface.It is specific logical convenient for being heated to the lithium ion battery in body feed tank 9 by the setting of through-hole 92
Hole 92 can offer multiple, and be uniformly distributed on the side wall of body feed tank 9 and bottom surface.9 both ends of body feed tank are thermal insulation board 91, into
And when body feed tank 9 is respectively placed in low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3, high temperature bucket 4 and cooling bucket 5, it can completely cut off between adjacent staving
Heat, advantageously ensure that the temperature in each bucket maintains its corresponding temperature.
Air inlet and air outlet, 9 energy of body feed tank are offered respectively on low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3, high temperature bucket 4 and cooling bucket 5
It is enough respectively placed in low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3, high temperature bucket 4 and cooling bucket 5.The head end of low temperature bucket 2 is sealedly connected with head tank
1, the feed cap 11 being removably sealedly and fixedly connected for being put into body feed tank 9 on head tank 1；The tail end sealing of cooling bucket 5
It is connected with discharge tank 6, be removably sealedly and fixedly connected the discharging lid 61 having for extract hopper 9 on discharge tank 6.Namely
The main structure of this system is six segmentation structures, has a feed cap 11 before head tank 1, there is a discharging lid behind discharge tank 6
61, screw locking is used between each other, and connection type is as shown in Figure 3.Between each bucket, between feed cap 11 and head tank 1, discharging lid 61 with
High-temperature seal ring specifically can be set between discharge tank 6, for preventing gas leakage, form sealing structure, entire cracking system is sealing
's.
Preferably, each bucket is barrel-shaped structure, and one end of bucket is feed inlet, the other end is discharge port, the charging of cylinder
A gas outlet is offered above mouthful, and is connected with escape pipe, offers an air inlet below the discharge port of cylinder, and be connected with
Air inlet pipe.The size of air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe is different in different buckets, smaller on head tank 1 and discharge tank 6, other
It is larger on bucket.
Vapor etc. can be passed through into bucket to empty the air in each bucket by the air inlet of each bucket, and can pass through to
The hydrone of different temperatures is passed through in each bucket, to maintain the temperature in each bucket.The exhaust gas that cracking generates in each bucket then can be by respectively going out
Subsequent processing is carried out after port discharge.
Using the different decomposition point of organic materials various in lithium battery, realizes the separation to organic matter and inorganic matter, that is, exist
300 DEG C or so, all organic matters all resolve into carbon and micro-molecular gas including paper；Utilize the difference of copper, aluminium, iron (steel)
Fusing point, segmentally heating realize the separation to metal material, and at 660 DEG C or so, aluminium is melted out, and at 1083 DEG C or so, copper melts
Outflow, remaining is iron (steel).Thus, it is preferable to, the temperature range in low temperature bucket 2 is 280-320 DEG C, the temperature in medium temperature bucket 3
Spending range is 660-750 DEG C, and the temperature range in high temperature bucket 4 is 1083-1110 DEG C.In the different situation of lithium ion battery component
Under, it can also be according to the reaction temperature temperature for adjusting low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3 and high temperature bucket 4 corresponding with fusing point of each component.
It should be noted that head tank 1 and discharge tank 6 can also be not provided with as needed, directly fed by low temperature bucket 2, according to
It is secondary directly to be discharged after medium temperature bucket 3, high temperature bucket 4 and cooling bucket 5 react by cooling bucket 5.But pass through head tank 1 and discharge tank 6
Setting so that charging, discharge it is more convenient, it is easier to control.
Using lithium ion battery cracking system provided by the invention, waste lithium cell is orderly packed into body feed tank 9, and will
Body feed tank 9 equipped with waste lithium cell is pushed into low temperature bucket 2, control low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3, the temperature difference in high temperature bucket 4
It is emptied in corresponding preset temperature range, and by the air in each bucket.Body feed tank 9 is successively by low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3, height
Warm bucket 4 is reacted.In low temperature bucket 2, the organic matter in lithium battery will all resolve into micro-molecular gas, be discharged from gas outlet.
After the organic matter of the waste lithium cell in low temperature bucket 2 decomposes substantially, it is pushed into medium temperature bucket 3 into body feed tank 9；In medium temperature bucket
In 3, whole fusings are dripped downwards, concentrate and be discharged from the air inlet of medium temperature bucket 3 by the aluminium material in lithium battery；When object in medium temperature bucket 3
All after fusing, body feed tank 9 is pushed into high temperature bucket 4 for the aluminium of material；In high temperature bucket 4, copper material in lithium battery by whole fusings,
Drippage downwards is concentrated and is discharged from the air inlet of high temperature bucket 4；After the copper of material in high temperature bucket 4 all melts, body feed tank 9 is pushed away
Enter in cooling bucket 5；Material carries out heat with the cooling medium of cooling bucket 5 and exchanges, temperature decline；When the material in cooling bucket 5
Temperature drops between 200-300 DEG C, can release body feed tank 9.To sum up, the lithium ion battery cracking system, lithium battery do not have to
It is broken, it is directly entered pyrolysis furnace, outflow is copper liquid and molten aluminum, becomes copper ingot and aluminium ingot, various harmful gas collection after cooling
Small molecule inorganic gas is formed after middle burning, unified be sent into absorption furnace handles, therefore, overflows without smell, and it is free from environmental pollution,
The product aluminium ingot and copper ingot of high-purity are obtained simultaneously.And device structure is simple, it is at low cost.
Further, head tank 1, low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3, high temperature bucket 4, cooling bucket 5 and discharge tank 6 linearly connect,
And tilted with horizontal direction in predetermined angle, and head tank 1 is located above, discharge tank 6 is located below.It namely include six buckets
Cracking channel, be in tunnel-like, body feed tank 9 will sequentially enter in each bucket.There is certain gradient when the installation of cracking channel,
The predetermined angle is usually between 5-30 degree, and for feed inlet upper, discharge port not only contributes to blanking under in this way, while advantageous
In collection product.Other than in addition to cracking channel, needs tilt installation, other equipment do not need inclination installation, can be generally horizontally or vertical
Straight installation.
Further, the gas outlet of head tank 1, low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3, high temperature bucket 4, cooling bucket 5 and discharge tank 6 is equal
It is connected to the exhaust gas entrance 73 of combustion furnace 7, hydrone entrance 71 and moisture subexit 72 is provided on combustion furnace 7, hydrone enters
Mouth 71 is connected to vaporization rifle 8, and moisture subexit 72 is connected to medium temperature bucket 3.Namely by head tank 1, low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3,
After cooling and separation, centralized collection enters in combustion furnace 7 exhaust gas of the gas outlet discharge of high temperature bucket 4, cooling bucket 5, lights；Combustion
Exhaust gas after burning is collected into link is absorbed, for further processing through cooling after the discharge of waste gas outlet 74.Vaporize what rifle 8 generated
(about 300 DEG C) of low temperature hydrone enter combustion furnace 7 by hydrone entrance 71, after the exhaust gas in cracking process is all collected,
It concentrates in combustion furnace 7 burning, and low temperature hydrone is heated into medium temperature hydrone (about 700 DEG C), make full use of cracking process
The chemical energy of middle generation.Meanwhile medium temperature hydrone is entered in medium temperature bucket 3 by the road by moisture subexit 72, makes full use of it
Energy maintains the temperature in medium temperature bucket 3.Preferably, the gas outlet of medium temperature bucket 3 is connected with the air inlet of high temperature bucket 4, medium temperature bucket 3
Thus medium temperature hydrone out enters in high temperature bucket 4；The gas outlet of high temperature bucket 4 is connected with the air inlet of cooling bucket 5, high temperature bucket
Thus the 4 high temperature hydrones come out enter in cooling bucket 5, so as to reach making full use of for energy.
Specifically, observation window 75 is provided on combustion furnace 7, for observing the flame conditions in combustion furnace 7.
Preferably, vaporization rifle 8 is connected to the air inlet of low temperature bucket 2.Thus, water is heated into water at low temperature by vaporizing rifle 8
Molecule (about 300 DEG C), these low temperature hydrones are sent into low temperature bucket 2 through the air inlet of low temperature bucket 2, then are input to entire cracking system
In each bucket of system, the air in bucket is all squeezed out, prevents lithium battery material and contacts and aoxidize with air.
On the basis of the various embodiments described above, cooling bucket 5 includes inner drum and exterior bowl, shape between inner drum and exterior bowl
At cooling chamber 51, the medium inlet 52 for being passed through cooling medium and Jie for cooling medium outflow are offered on cooling chamber 51
Matter outlet 53.And then heat is carried out with material in body feed tank 9 by cooling medium and is exchanged, reduce the temperature of material.It is specific cooling
Medium can be cooling water, and the steam pipe 54 for vapor discharge is connected on cooling chamber 51.Cold water is defeated from medium inlet 52
Enter, export hot water from media outlet 53 after absorption heat, while generating a large amount of steam and being exported from steam pipe 54, it is each for inputting
In bucket；At this moment the heat transfer water supply of material and steam, the temperature decline of material.The furnace chamber of namely cooling bucket 5 and outer layer
What cooling chamber 51 was entirely isolated, what is flowed through in cooling bucket 5 is high-temperature water molecular gas, and what is flowed through in cooling chamber 51 is cooling
Water.
It further, further include decompression bucket 10, decompression bucket 10 includes inflator 101, piston 102 and elastic component 104, piston
102 are set in inflator 101 and inflator 101 are divided into the first cavity and the second cavity, and the first cavity is closed cavity and sets
It is equipped with valve 103, valve 103 is connected to the gas outlet of low temperature bucket 2, and the second cavity is open cavity, and elastic component 104 is in piston
102 are compressed when mobile to the second cavity side.It is organic in lithium battery when temperature rises between 200-300 degree in low temperature bucket 2
Object will all resolve into micro-molecular gas, be discharged from escape pipe, wherein a small number of lithium batteries, because with the passing of time being become using rear structure
Change, blast resistance construction originally is destroyed, and the gas generated after heated cannot be discharged in time, swelling, or even explosion is occurred, is led to furnace
Interior air pressure instantaneously dramatically increases, and at this moment, gas is conveyed by the communication port on low temperature bucket 2 into the first cavity of decompression bucket 10
Bulk gas, piston 102 is released to the second cavity and compression elastic piece 104, and therefore, the air pressure in low temperature bucket 2 will not significantly increase
Add；After explosion, the piston 102 in bucket 10 is depressurized under the reaction of elastic component 104, is slowly promoted into the first cavity,
The gas depressurized in bucket 10 is pushed back in pyrolysis furnace again, is so recycled, the pressure in low temperature bucket 2 is kept to remain one big
Air pressure or so, it is ensured that the safety of system.Specifically, elastic component 104 can be spring, spring pocket is set to the piston of piston 102
Outside bar.
In the above embodiments, it is enclosed with thermal insulation layer respectively outside the bucket wall of low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3 and high temperature bucket 4, every
It is separately provided for adding the electromagnetism for being separately heated to corresponding temperature inside low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3 and high temperature bucket 4 outside thermosphere
Heat coil.Low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3 and high temperature bucket 4 use induction heating, make the temperature point in low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3 and high temperature
It Kong Zhi not be at 300 DEG C, 700 DEG C and 1100 DEG C or so.
For the ease of the collection to reaction product, the air inlet of medium temperature bucket 3 is connected with collection aluminium bucket 31, the air inlet of high temperature bucket 4
Mouth is connected with collection copper bucket 41.The air inlet of medium temperature bucket 3 is communicated with collection aluminium bucket 31, and the molten aluminum after fusing flows to collection aluminium bucket from air inlet
31, aluminium ingot is formed after cooling；The air inlet of high temperature bucket 4 is communicated with collection copper bucket 41, and the copper liquid after fusing flows to collection copper from air inlet
Bucket 41 forms copper ingot after cooling.
It is illustrated by taking a preferred embodiment as an example below.
In one preferred embodiment, the lithium ion battery cracking system be six segmentation structures, including head tank 1,
Totally six buckets form for low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3, high temperature bucket 4, cooling bucket 5, discharge tank 6, have a feed cap 11 before head tank 1,
There is a discharging lid 61 behind discharge tank 6, uses screw locking between each other, each connecting portion has a high-temperature seal ring,
For preventing gas leakage.
Its course of work is as follows:
1. waste lithium cell is orderly packed into body feed tank 9；
2. the body feed tank 9 equipped with waste lithium cell is pushed into head tank 1, charging bell is closed；
3. starting the induction heating of low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3 and high temperature bucket 4, make in low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3 and high temperature
Temperature is controlled respectively at 300 DEG C, 700 DEG C and 1100 DEG C or so, meanwhile, the high-temperature water molecular gas that external vaporization rifle 8 generates
Respectively out of the air inlet pipe of each barrel input pyrolysis furnace, the air in bucket is squeezed out, and material in bucket is heated；
4. when temperature rises between 200-300 degree in low temperature bucket 2, in low temperature bucket 2, about 300 DEG C of temperature, in lithium battery
Organic matter by whole decomposition, generate large quantity of exhaust gas, wherein most belongs to combustible gas；
5. adding a material out of head tank 1 after the organic matter of the waste lithium cell in low temperature bucket 2 decomposes substantially
Case 9, at this moment the material originally in low temperature bucket 2 is pushed into medium temperature bucket 3；
6. about 700 DEG C of temperature or so, whole fusings are dripped downwards, are concentrated by the aluminium material in lithium battery in medium temperature bucket 3
It is discharged from the air inlet of medium temperature bucket 3, into collection aluminium bucket 31；
7. adding a body feed tank 9 again out of head tank 1, at this moment original position after the aluminium of material in medium temperature bucket 3 all melts
It is pushed into high temperature bucket 4 in the material in medium temperature bucket 3；
8. about 1100 DEG C of temperature, whole fusings are dripped downwards, are concentrated from height by the copper material in lithium battery in high temperature bucket 4
The air inlet of warm bucket 4 is discharged, into collection copper bucket 41；
9. adding a body feed tank 9 again out of head tank 1, at this moment original position after the copper of material in high temperature bucket 4 all melts
It is pushed into cooling bucket 5 in the material in medium temperature bucket 3；
10. injecting a small amount of water in cooling bucket 5, it is cooling to make lithium battery surplus material, while generating a large amount of steam, for charging
Bucket 1 and the sealing of discharge tank 6 use, that is, prevent air from entering in pyrolysis furnace；
When the temperature of the material in cooling bucket 5 drops between 200-300 DEG C, a body feed tank is added again out of head tank 1
9, the at this moment original material being located in cooling bucket 5 is pushed into discharge tank 6；
In discharge tank 6, input about 100 DEG C of steam from air inlet pipe, make material be further cooled to 100-200 DEG C it
Between；
It adds a body feed tank 9 again out of head tank 1, while opening discharging lid 61, the material being originally located in cooling bucket 5
It is pushed out, takes out body feed tank 9, the inside residue adulterates other compositions, such as lithium based on carbon dust and steel shell.
Like this, one case material is by each from --- --- the medium temperature energy --- high temperature bucket 4 --- of low temperature bucket 2 of head tank 1
Cooling bucket 5 --- discharge tank 6 successively promotes, and finally comes out from discharge tank 6, completes whole process；Wherein, in 2 stage of low temperature bucket
The gas of generation, including imflammable gas are most.
When installation, head tank 1, low temperature bucket 2, medium temperature bucket 3, high temperature bucket 4, cooling bucket 5, discharge tank 6 are horizontal by certain
Predetermined angle, feed cap 11 discharges lid 61 under, the meaning installed in this way is upper: by gravity, being convenient for material
Under push away；Convenient for collecting the name aluminum water and copper water of fusing, it is discharged from air inlet.Other associated components can be installed horizontally or vertically,
Installation need not be tilted.
The gas outlet of vaporization rifle 8 is connected with the air inlet of combustion furnace 7, the gas outlet of combustion furnace 7 and the air inlet of moderate oven
It is connected；The gas outlet of low temperature bucket 2 is connected with the valve 103 of decompression bucket 10；Collection aluminium bucket 31 is mounted under the air inlet of medium temperature bucket 3
Side, collection copper bucket are mounted on the lower section of the air inlet of high temperature bucket 4.All junctions are required to seal, with anti-gas-leak.
Head tank 1 is identical with 6 structure of discharge tank, mainly one round barrel, has one to go out above the feed inlet of barrel
There is an air inlet pipe in the discharge port lower section of tracheae, barrel.
Decompression bucket 10 be mainly made of inflator 101, piston 102 and spring three parts, inflator 101 it is closed at one end, it is another
End opens, and allows piston 102 to pass in and out in inflator 101, is connected by valve 103 with the low temperature bucket 2 of pyrolysis furnace, when low temperature bucket 2
Explosion time occurs for interior lithium battery, and air pressure increases, and at this moment, the gas in low temperature bucket 2 enters the gas of decompression bucket 10 by valve 103
In cylinder 101, to alleviate the pressure in pyrolysis furnace.
Lithium battery itself has explosion-protection equipment, under normal circumstances when the temperature increases, only can expand and will not explode, but is practical
In use process, the blast resistance construction of a small number of lithium batteries is destroyed, and there may be explosion when meeting high temperature, ratio is typically less than 5%.
Cooling bucket 5 is to increase the closed cavity of an isolation in the outside of bucket in the structure basis of head tank 1, i.e., cold
But there are a water inlet pipe in chamber 51,51 front upper place of cooling chamber, and cold water inputs from here, and there is a steam pipe 54 in the back upper place of cooling chamber 51,
For steam to be discharged, there is an outlet pipe in the back lower place of cooling chamber 51, exports for hot water.
Combustion furnace 7 is mainly used for heating water hydrone, and the exhaust gas generated in cracking process will be all collected into combustion furnace 7
Exhaust gas conversion is thermal energy, vapor is heated to certain temperature, is then delivered in moderate oven, burning waste gas is from furnace by burning
Waste gas outlet is collected, and is for further processing into link is absorbed, to prevent polluting air.Observation window is for observing flame size.
The center cross section of body feed tank 9 is in U-shape, and is that the sheet metal bent for expiring aperture by a piece of cloth forms, both ends are heat-insulated
The diameter of plate 91, thermal insulation board 91 is more smaller than the internal diameter of barrel, to guarantee that hopper can move in barrel, and prevents adjacent barrel
Between gas and heat convection.
Such as Figure 10, arrow indicates the flow direction of energy, and it is about 300 DEG C of hydrones that steam gun generates that route, which has two: one,
It is directly entered in low temperature bucket 2, enters from the air inlet of low temperature bucket 2, be discharged from the gas outlet of low temperature bucket 2, lithium battery is carried out just
Step cracking；Another is that 300 DEG C of hydrones that hydrone rifle generates enter in combustion furnace 7, is heated to form about 700 DEG C of high-temperature water
Molecule is introduced into medium temperature bucket 3, is entered back into high temperature bucket 4, is entered back into cooling bucket 5, is then returned again in defeated time low temperature bucket 2.
This is the process that recycles of energy, in cooling procedure, on the one hand produces a large amount of steam, on the other hand produces
A small amount of hot water is given birth to, a little hot water can use domestic water.
Such as Figure 11, exhaust gas can be generated in each bucket, the organic matter decomposition product being all from lithium battery, they will be whole
It is collected, into cooler and separator by after dehydration, is all sent to combustion furnace 7, and light.
Such as Figure 12, system preliminary work, hydrone is generated by steam gun, these hydrones are divided into three tunnels, be sent into all the way into
Charging basket 1 prevents air from entering, and another way, which enters discharge tank 6, prevents air from entering, and there are also enter in combustion furnace 7 further to add all the way
Heat is sent into medium temperature bucket 3 and in high temperature bucket 4；After system enters stationary phase, steam gun stops working, hydrone at this moment by
Cooling bucket 5 generates, and is respectively fed in head tank 1, discharge tank 6 and combustion furnace 7.
The lithium battery cracking system feature with the following functions:
Waste lithium cell does not have to be crushed, and is directly entered pyrolysis furnace, therefore, will not pollute air, influence human health；Segmentation
Formula heating, is promoted by process, continuously generates and do not need blowing out filling and feeding；Segmentation structure, easy to disassemble, equipment volume
It is small, light-weight, convenient transportation；Triple heating modes: 1, vaporizing rifle 8 and water be heated into low temperature hydrone, and 2, recycling exhaust gas firing
Burn in furnace 7 and low temperature hydrone be heated into medium temperature hydrone, 3, induction heating medium temperature hydrone is heated into high temperature hydrone；Energy
Amount recycles, and material from low temperature --- medium temperature --- after high temperature, take back heat low again by the hydrone come out from high temperature bucket 4
In warm bucket 2；Energy saving, power consumption are only N/mono- of legacy system；Product is aluminium ingot and copper ingot, purity is high；Except a part
Heat takes back low temperature bucket 2 by hydrone, realizes and recycles, and other heats can also pass through water cycling and reutilization；Exhaust gas is unified to be received
Collection, by burning and absorbing, no discharge, environmental protection；It works under normal pressure (atmospheric pressure), it is highly-safe；Equipment cost is low, to pass
N/mono- of system system price, can large-scale popularization；Process is six segmentations, product be it is one-stop, the copper ingot and aluminium ingot of output are not required to
Want secondary purification.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of lithium ion battery cracking system, which is characterized in that including the body feed tank for placing lithium ion battery and successively
Low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, high temperature bucket and the cooling bucket of sealed connection, and divide on the low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, high temperature bucket and cooling bucket
Air inlet and air outlet are not offered, and the body feed tank can be respectively placed in the low temperature bucket, medium temperature bucket, high temperature bucket and cooling
In bucket, and the both ends of the body feed tank are thermal insulation board, offer through-hole on the side wall of the body feed tank and bottom surface.
2. lithium ion battery cracking system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the head end of the low temperature bucket, which seals, to be connected
It is connected to head tank, the feed cap being removably sealedly and fixedly connected on the head tank for being put into the body feed tank；It is described
The tail end sealing of cooling bucket is connected with discharge tank, is removably sealedly and fixedly connected on the discharge tank for taking out the object
The discharging lid of hopper.
3. lithium ion battery cracking system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the head tank, the low temperature bucket,
The medium temperature bucket, the high temperature bucket, the cooling bucket and the discharge tank linearly connect, and form six segmentation structures, and and water
It square is tilted in predetermined angle, and the head tank is located above, and the discharge tank is located below.
4. lithium ion battery cracking system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the head tank, the low temperature bucket,
The medium temperature bucket, the high temperature bucket, the cooling bucket and the discharge tank gas outlet be connected to the exhaust gas entrance of combustion furnace,
Hydrone entrance and moisture subexit are provided on the combustion furnace, the hydrone entrance is connected to vaporization rifle, the moisture
Subexit is connected to the air inlet of the medium temperature bucket.
5. lithium ion battery cracking system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the vaporization rifle and the low temperature bucket
Air inlet connection, the gas outlet of the medium temperature bucket is connected with the air inlet of the high temperature bucket, the gas outlet of the high temperature bucket and
The air inlet of the cooling bucket is connected.
6. lithium ion battery cracking system according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that it is described cooling bucket include
Inner drum and exterior bowl form cooling chamber, offer on the cooling chamber for leading between the inner drum and said tub body
Enter the medium inlet of cooling medium and the media outlet for cooling medium outflow.
7. lithium ion battery cracking system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the cooling medium is cooling water,
The steam pipe for vapor discharge is connected on the cooling chamber.
8. lithium ion battery cracking system according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that it further include decompression bucket,
The decompression bucket includes inflator, piston and elastic component, and the piston is set in the inflator and the inflator is divided into the
One cavity and the second cavity, first cavity is closed cavity and is provided with valve, and the valve goes out with the low temperature bucket
Port connection, second cavity are open cavity, and the elastic component is compressed when piston is mobile to second cavity side.
9. lithium ion battery cracking system according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that the low temperature bucket, institute
It states and is enclosed with thermal insulation layer outside the bucket wall of medium temperature bucket and the high temperature bucket respectively, being separately provided for outside the thermal insulation layer will be described
The electromagnetic heating coil of corresponding temperature is separately heated to inside low temperature bucket, the medium temperature bucket and the high temperature bucket.
10. lithium ion battery cracking system according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that the medium temperature bucket
Air inlet is connected with collection aluminium bucket, and the air inlet of the high temperature bucket is connected with Ji Tongdou.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11316214B2 (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2022-04-26 | Yau Fu Industry Co., Ltd. | Waste lithium battery recovery system |
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