CN109993958A - A kind of data collection system and method for RS485 bus - Google Patents
A kind of data collection system and method for RS485 bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN109993958A CN109993958A CN201910381409.5A CN201910381409A CN109993958A CN 109993958 A CN109993958 A CN 109993958A CN 201910381409 A CN201910381409 A CN 201910381409A CN 109993958 A CN109993958 A CN 109993958A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of data collection systems of RS485 bus, including host, first transceiver, second transceiver and multiple slaves, host includes an at least serial ports, first transceiver and second transceiver are connect with a serial ports, multiple slaves are connected in series between first transceiver and second transceiver, the communication link that multiple slaves on first transceiver to the direction of second transceiver are formed is preset as primary link, the communication link that the side of second transceiver to first transceiver is upwardly formed is preset as reserve link, host acquires data from each slave by primary link, when primary link breaks down, communication link is switched into reserve link, with acquire on from second transceiver to the direction of first transceiver up to the slave between fault point data.The present invention also provides the collecting methods of RS485 bus, improve the communication reliability of RS485 bus and the accuracy of fault detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technique field more particularly to a kind of data collection systems and method of RS485 bus.
Background technique
At present.It is communicated in industry spot using RS485 bus, solves communication of the host to multiple slaves,
The group-net communication of multiple equipment is realized with seldom communication line, but is confined to the topological property of RS485 bus, RS485 bus
The connection topological structure of standard is hand-in-hand daisy-chained topology, in this case, as long as one of node is disconnected in bus
Road, the subsequent slave of node can not all be communicated with host again.
In order to reduce breaking risk, mostly use topological structure, such as star topology greatly, tree topology is evaded, but these sides
Formula be to increase a large amount of bus connection wires, reduce the stability that bus slave computer load capacity realizes as cost communication, can not
Guarantee least communication connection line number amount.In addition, realizing communication due to carrying out transmitting-receiving switching using double-serial port resource in host side
The purpose of the reliability enhancing of link, but need to occupy host double-serial port resource to realize, in the utilization of resources and cost performance
It is not high, and need to do very complicated logic judgment in the data collection system of the RS485 bus, cause in communication link
Data acquisition efficiency reduces.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides the data collection system and method for a kind of RS485, realize host successively to communication chain
Each slave in road is polled to determine fault point, to solve above-mentioned technical problem, specifically uses following technology
Scheme is realized.
On the one hand, the data collection system of a kind of RS485 provided by the invention, comprising:
Host, including at least one serial ports；
First transceiver and second transceiver are used to connect with a serial ports；
Multiple slaves, the multiple slave are connected in series between the first transceiver and the second transceiver；Its
In, based on the communication link that the multiple slave on the first transceiver to the direction of the second transceiver is formed is default
Link, the communication link that the side of the second transceiver to the first transceiver is upwardly formed are preset as reserve link；
The host is used to acquire data from each slave by the primary link, and is judging the primary link failure
When, communication link is switched into the reserve link, to acquire from the second transceiver to the direction of the first transceiver
On until fault point between slave data.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the host includes that first connect with the first transceiver is received
Hair-like state control port, the second reiving/transmitting state control port being connect with the second transceiver；
The first reiving/transmitting state control port for be arranged the first transceiver transmission state and reception state it
Between switch over；
When the primary link breaks down, the second reiving/transmitting state control port is for being arranged the second transceiver
It is switched between transmission state and reception state.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, when the host judges whether the primary link breaks down, lead to
Crossing the second reiving/transmitting state control port to switch the second transceiver is reception state；
The host sends data to each slave by the first transceiver, and is returned by second transceiver reception
The data returned；
If the data of the transmission and the received data are inconsistent, the host judges whether each slave returns
The confirmation message returned, and judge that the primary link breaks down when no.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, after the host judges that the primary link breaks down, institute is obtained
The address code for not returning to first slave of the confirmation message in primary link is stated, using as a malfunctioning node.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the host is received and dispatched by the second transceiver to described second
Device to each slave between the malfunctioning node successively sends data and receives the confirmation message that current slave returns；
Before the corresponding slave of the malfunctioning node, if current slave does not return to the confirmation message, the host is sentenced
The position where the current slave of breaking is the second malfunctioning node and the address code for recording the current slave.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the serial ports is connected to described first by double-point double-throw switch and receives
Send out device or the second transceiver；The host further includes the switch control port for controlling the double-point double-throw switch；
When the serial ports is connected to the first transceiver, the first reiving/transmitting state control port is used for described the
One transceiver switches between transmission state and reception state；
When the primary link breaks down, the serial ports is connected to the second transceiver, second reiving/transmitting state
Control port between transmission state and reception state for switching over the second transceiver.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the double-point double-throw switch includes fixing end and movable end, described
Fixing end and the serial ports are electrically connected, and the movable end with the first transceiver or the second transceiver for electrically connecting
It connects.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the first transceiver and the second transceiver are all made of
RS485 bus level conversion chip, the host is MCU master chip, when the first reiving/transmitting state control port is low level,
The first transceiver is set as transmission state, when the first reiving/transmitting state control port is high level, first transmitting-receiving
Device is set as reception state.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the serial ports sends data using half-duplex mode and receives number
According to when the primary link switches to the reserve link, the host is polled the multiple slave and acquires data.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of collecting methods of RS485 bus, and it is logical to be applied to RS485 bus
Letter system, the communication system include host, first transceiver, second transceiver and multiple slaves, and the host includes at least
One serial ports, the first transceiver and the second transceiver are connect with a serial ports, the multiple slave series connection
It is connected between the first transceiver and the second transceiver, wherein the first transceiver to the second transceiver
Direction on the communication link that is formed of the multiple slave be preset as primary link, the second transceiver to first transmitting-receiving
The communication link that the side of device is upwardly formed is preset as reserve link；The described method includes:
The host acquires data from each slave by the primary link, and when the primary link breaks down, will lead to
Believe link switching to the reserve link, with acquire on from the second transceiver to the direction of the first transceiver up to
The data of slave between fault point.
The data collection system and method for a kind of RS485 bus provided by the invention, by host and several slaves it
Between in parallel first transceiver and second transceiver are set, realize that the switching of primary link and reserve link counts all slaves
According to acquisition, when breaking down in detection communication link, and the address code of the corresponding slave in fault point, Lai Tigao can be accurately positioned
The efficiency of the data acquisition of RS485 bus, is also convenient for maintenance personnel's precise positioning fault point.The host is adopted using single serial ports
It may be implemented to carry out data acquisition to the node where all RS485 buses in both links with the collection mechanism of repeating transmission, letter
The construction wiring of on-scene communication link is changed.When detecting one fault point of appearance in primary link, by switching to spare chain
Road can also carry out data acquisition to the slave for the point that breaks down, also improve to a certain extent logical between host and slave
Believe the stability of link.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate more clearly of technical solution of the present invention, letter will be made to attached drawing needed in the embodiment below
It singly introduces, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as to the present invention
The restriction of protection scope.In various figures, part is similarly comprised using similar number.
Fig. 1 shows the first embodiment structural block diagram of the data collection system of RS485 bus of the invention；
Fig. 2 shows the electrical block diagrams of the first embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows the second embodiment structural block diagram of the data collection system of RS485 bus of the invention；
Fig. 4 shows the electrical block diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 shows the structural schematic diagram for judging Single Point of Faliure of the second embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 shows the structural schematic diagram for judging two points fault of the second embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 shows the flow chart of the collecting method of RS485 bus of the invention.
Main element symbol description:
The data collection system of 300-RS485 bus；310- host；320- serial ports；321- sending port；The receiving end 322-
Mouthful；330- first transceiver；340- second transceiver；The more a slaves of 350-；360- the first reiving/transmitting state control port；370-
Two reiving/transmitting state control ports；380- switch control port；390- double-point double-throw switch.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
The component of embodiments of the present invention, which are generally described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings can be come with a variety of different configurations
Arrangement and design.Therefore, requirement is not intended to limit to the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings below
The scope of the present invention of protection, but it is merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, this field skill
Art personnel every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
Hereinafter, term " includes ", " having " and its cognate that can be used in various embodiments of the present invention are only
It is intended to mean that special characteristic, number, step, operation, the combination of element, component or aforementioned item, and is understood not to first
Exclude the combined presence or increase by one of one or more other features, number, step, operation, element, component or aforementioned item
A or more feature, number, step, operation, element, component or aforementioned item combination a possibility that.
In addition, term " first ", " second ", " third " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, it is not understood to indicate or imply
Relative importance.
Unless otherwise defined, otherwise all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have and this
The identical meaning of the various normally understood meanings of embodiment one skilled in the art of invention.The term (such as exists
The term limited in the dictionary generally used) it is to be interpreted as that there is contain identical with situational meaning in the related technical field
Justice and Utopian meaning or meaning too formal will be interpreted as having, unless in various embodiments of the present invention
It is clearly defined.
Refering to fig. 1, on the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of data collection systems 300 of RS485 bus, comprising:
Host 310, including at least one serial ports 320；
First transceiver 330 and second transceiver 340 are used to connect with a serial ports 320；
Multiple slaves 350, the multiple slave 350 are connected in series in the first transceiver 330 and second transmitting-receiving
Between device 340；Wherein, the multiple slave 350 on the first transceiver 330 to the direction of the second transceiver 340
The communication link of formation is preset as primary link, what the side of the second transceiver 340 to the first transceiver 330 was upwardly formed
Communication link is preset as reserve link；
The host 310 is used to acquire data from each slave by the primary link, and is judging the primary link appearance
When failure, communication link is switched into the reserve link, to acquire from the second transceiver 340 to the first transceiver
On 330 direction until fault point between slave data.
The argument structure of the first transceiver 330 and the second transceiver 340 may be the same or different,
In present embodiment, the preferably described first transceiver 330 is identical as the argument structure of the second transceiver 340, the host
310 preferentially carry out data acquisition to the primary link, it will be understood that the host 310 can also be preferentially to the reserve link
Carry out data acquisition.The multiple slave 350 in the first transceiver 330 to the direction of the second transceiver 340 is formed
Communication link be preset as primary link, the communication that the side of the second transceiver 340 to the first transceiver 330 is upwardly formed
Link is preset as reserve link.RS485 bus has that of simple structure and low cost, traffic rate is high, long transmission distance etc. is excellent
Point is widely applied in industrial control field, and RS485 uses half-duplex operation, and communication system is generally by a main section
Point, it is multiple from node form, using host node poll from the communication mode of node, to improve fault detection in communication link
Efficiency.
In addition, the serial ports 320 includes sending port 321 and receiving port 322, the sending port 321 and described connect
Receiving end mouth 322 is all made of UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter), the host 310
For MCU (Microcontroller Unit) master chip, the first transceiver 330 and the second transceiver 340 are
RS485 bus level converter chip, the host 310 can be by the operating modes of full duplex to the multiple slave 350
Carry out data acquisition, it should be noted that in the present embodiment, when the host 310 judges that the primary link is normal, institute
Stating serial ports 320 can be communicated using full both sides' formula with the multiple slave 350, need to detect the main chain in the host 310
When whether road breaks down, the host 310 just uses semiduplex operating mode, switches to reserve link to acquire from described
On second transceiver 340 to the direction of the first transceiver 330 until fault point between slave data, to improve
The efficiency of data acquisition and the accuracy of detection failure.
The main realization circuit to a kind of data collection system 300 of RS485 bus of the invention and alternate circuit are come below
It is described further.
Embodiment 1
Referring again to Fig. 1, the host 310 includes the first reiving/transmitting state control connecting with the first transceiver 330
Port 360, the second reiving/transmitting state control port 370 being connect with the second transceiver 340；
The first reiving/transmitting state control port 360 is for being arranged the first transceiver 330 in transmission state and reception
It is switched between state；
When the primary link breaks down, the second reiving/transmitting state control port 370 is received for being arranged described second
Hair device 340 switches between transmission state and reception state.
In the host 310,340 shape of the first transceiver 330, the multiple slave 350 and the second transceiver
After daisy chain type communication link, the host 310 carries out data acquisition to the multiple slave 350, needs to described logical
Letter link is detected, at this point, the host 310 is preferentially arranged described the by the first reiving/transmitting state control port 360
One transceiver 330 is transmission state and sends data to each slave of the primary link, and passes through second reiving/transmitting state
It is reception state to receive data that the second transceiver 340, which is arranged, in control port 370, is sent in the host 310 judgement
When data are consistent with received data, it is determined that the primary link is normal link, and the host 310 can pass through the serial ports
320 carry out normal data acquisition with the multiple slave 350.Data and received number in the host 310 judgement transmission
According to it is inconsistent when, i.e., the primary link breaks down, and the host 310 passes through the second reiving/transmitting state control port 370 general
The second transceiver 340 is set as transmission state, and the first reiving/transmitting state control port 360 is by the first transceiver
330 are set as reception state, so that the primary link is switched to the reserve link.
Further, when the host 310 judges whether the primary link breaks down, pass through second reiving/transmitting state
It is reception state that control port 370, which switches the second transceiver 340,；
The host 310 sends data to each slave by the first transceiver 330, and passes through the second transceiver
340 receive the data returned；
If the data of the transmission and the received data are inconsistent, the host 310 judges whether each slave is equal
There is the confirmation message of return, and judges that the primary link breaks down when no.
When the host 310 judges that the primary link breaks down, the first transceiver 330 is switched to by transmission state
Reception state, the second transceiver 340 are switched to transmission state by reception state, and the host 310 is using poll later
Mode carries out data acquisition, i.e., the described host 310 to each slave in the reserve link by the second transceiver 340
Data first are sent to the direct-connected slave of the second transceiver 340 by the second transceiver 340, within a certain period of time etc.
The confirmation message returned to the slave, it will be understood that when the primary link breaks down, the host 310 uses poll
Mode data acquisition is carried out to the reserve link, and detect the reserve link to the slave and RS485 between fault point
Whether bus is normal.
Further, it after the host 310 judges that the primary link breaks down, obtains and does not return to institute in the primary link
The address code for stating first slave of confirmation message, using as a malfunctioning node.
The host 310 have determined that the primary link break down when, it may be possible in the primary link some from
Machine or the RS485 bus connecting with the slave break down, it will be understood that the malfunctioning node is not to the host 310
The confirmation message is returned, other slaves for not returning to the confirmation message are also appeared on the primary link, i.e., described
Slave after malfunctioning node does not return to the confirmation message yet, and the confirmation message is what slave was returned to the host 310
Data packet.The address code for not returning to first slave of the confirmation message in the primary link is obtained, convenient for described spare
The specific location for carrying out detecting whether will appear new malfunctioning node or the confirmation malfunctioning node in link, to reach failure
The pinpoint effect of detection.
Further, the host 310 by the second transceiver 340 to the second transceiver 340 to described therefore
Each slave between barrier node successively sends data and receives the confirmation message that current slave returns；
Before the corresponding slave of the malfunctioning node, if current slave does not return to the confirmation message, the host 310
The position where the current slave is judged for the second malfunctioning node and records the address code of the current slave.
The host 310 carries out data acquisition to the reserve link by way of poll, and poll is by processor timing
Inquiry is issued, sequentially inquires whether each peripheral equipment needs its service, has to give and services, is inquired again after service next
A peripheral equipment both can carry out data acquisition to each slave in the reserve link in this way, can also detect described standby
It is whether normal with link, further improve the accuracy of fault detection.
Referring to Fig.2, Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of Fig. 1, the serial ports 320 includes sending port 321 and receiving port
322, the host 310 is MCU master chip, and the sending port 321 is UART_TX, and the receiving port 322 is UART_RX,
The first reiving/transmitting state control port 360 is GPIO1, and the second reiving/transmitting state control port 370 is GPIO2, described the
One transceiver 330 and the second transceiver 340 are RS485 transceiver, and the RS485 transceiver is using RS485 bus electricity
Flat conversion chip.It regard the first transceiver 330 as main transceiver.It is controlled by GPIO1, the host 310 is countless
When according to sending, GPIO1=0, the host 310 is in reception state；It regard the second transceiver 340 as spare transceiver,
Controlled by GPIO2, the communication link route under normal circumstances, GPIO2=0, always be in reception state；Institute
The needs of host 310 are stated when inquiring the slave, the host 310 controls GPIO1 and switches the first transceiver 330
To the state of transmission, at this time GPIO1=1, and sent the packet within away by the TXD of UART.
The TXD of the host 310 by RS485 bus by the first transceiver 330 transmission, reach each slave and
The second transceiver 340, returns the RXD of MCU, if the host 310 can be received on RXD oneself send it is complete
Whole data, the data collection system verification by the RS485 bus, sending and receiving data are consistent, then the RS485 bus
Data collection system 300 judge that communication link is normal.Conversely, then can whether can further be received often by the host 310
The packet that returns of a slave is confirmed, to judge whether the communication link is normal, is wrapped if returning for each slave can be received,
Then still think that the communication link is normal；It is wrapped conversely, not receiving returning for slave, then the data of the RS485 bus are adopted
Collecting system 300 judges automatically communication link failure, and automatically records the address code for inquiring the slave, as malfunctioning node
It is reported to upper-level system.
The host 310 starts link exception handling, and the first transceiver 330 is switched to spare transceiver,
And the second transceiver 340 is switched to main transceiver；The first reiving/transmitting state control port 360 is received and dispatched described first
Device 330 is set as reception state (GPIO1=0), and the second reiving/transmitting state control port 370 is by the second transceiver 340
It is set as transmission state (GPIO2=1), is retransmitted the director data of the slave of last time inquiry once, together by UART serial ports
Step executes breakdown judge process, because the host 310 does not receive the packet that returns of the slave, therefore needs in upper primary communication
It retransmits, the host 310 is still the data that can not receive oneself, but can receive returning for the slave and wrap, if institute
Packet can be received back by stating host 310, then can determine whether that Single Point of Faliure occurs in the communication link；And if the host 310 is not received again
Return packet to the slave, then the data collection system 300 of the RS485 bus automatically records the address code of the slave, and
It is reported to upper-level system.
In addition, carrying out the active and standby function switch of transceiver again, the shape that the first transceiver 330 is main transceiver is returned
State, and continue to inquire the address of next slave；Until completing the address lookup to all slaves.It needs to illustrate
It is the case where state of active and standby transceiver is according to practical communication, is maintained at the data collection system intelligence of presently described RS485 bus
In the result that can be judged, unless the power-off of the host 310 or reset are reworked, it otherwise, will be according to current active-standby switch pass
System carries out link communication work.
In the present embodiment, the host 310 carries out active-standby switch by GPIO1 and GPIO2 using single serial ports, real
The existing data packet sends and receives, and the data packet sent and received is verified, to judge the communication link
It is whether normal, stability and reliability that the host 310 is communicated with the multiple slave 350 are improved to a certain extent.
Embodiment 2
Refering to Fig. 3, the serial ports 320 is also separately connected the first transceiver 330 and institute by double-point double-throw switch 390
Second transceiver 340 is stated, the host 310 further includes the switch control port for controlling the double-point double-throw switch 390
380；
When the serial ports 320 is connected to the first transceiver 330, the first reiving/transmitting state control port 360 is used
It is switched between transmission state and reception state in by the first transceiver 330；
When the primary link breaks down, the serial ports 320 is connected to the second transceiver 340, and described second receives
Hair-like state control port 370 between transmission state and reception state for switching over the second transceiver 340.
The double-point double-throw switch 390 includes fixing end and movable end, and the fixing end is connect with the serial ports 320, institute
Movable end is stated for connecting respectively with the first transceiver 330 and the second transceiver 340；
When the movable end is connect with the first transceiver 330, the first reiving/transmitting state control port 360 is arranged
The first transceiver 330 is transmission state, and the second transceiver 340 is arranged in the second reiving/transmitting state control port 370
For reception state；
When a failure occurs, the switch control port 380 controls the movable end and the second transceiver 340 connects
It connects, it is reception state that the first transceiver 330, which is arranged, in the first reiving/transmitting state control port 360, the second transmitting-receiving shape
It is reception state that the second transceiver 340, which is arranged, in state control port 370.
It is the electrical block diagram of Fig. 3 refering to Fig. 4, Fig. 4, the double-point double-throw switch 390 uses the mould of double-pole double throw
Quasi- switch carries out channel switching to the UART of the host 310, is controlled by the GPIO3 of the host 310, realization pair
The active-standby switch of RS485 transceiver, then the reiving/transmitting state of active and standby transceiver is carried out by GPIO1, GPIO2 of the host 310
Control.It can equally realize that single serial ports 320 communicates two bus links, and in primary link communication disruption (slave
Wrapped without returning) when, link switching is carried out, and execute the repeating transmission of 310 inquiry instruction of host.If the reserve link repeating transmission remains unchanged
The slave cannot be received and correctly return packet, then jump to automatically and operation is polled to the slave of next address code, it is described
The data collection system 300 of RS485 bus automatically records failure breakpoint location (address code for the slave that can not be communicated), reports to
Upper-level system is supplied to user and quickly judges fault point and safeguard.It should be noted that the fault detection side of the present embodiment
Method is identical as the data acquisition of above-mentioned RS485 bus, and details are not described herein again.
Refering to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram for judging Single Point of Faliure, and TX, RX data of the UART serial ports of the host are received
Foot of carrying out the coffin upon burial is switched over by hardware switching switch, can switch to the RS485 bus level conversion core in the primary link respectively
RS485 bus level conversion chip in piece and the reserve link is realized and carries out data to the slave under RS485 chain type bus
Acquisition, when connection breakpoint occurs in one of subordinate computer node (cross position in figure), it is total that the host will only be through RS485
The primary link (normally closed) of line collects the data of slave 1, slave 2, and can not collect the data of 3~slave of slave 256, at this time
It needs to switch over the signal of UART serial ports by the data collection system of the RS485 bus, is switched to the spare chain
Simultaneously continue to carry out data acquisition to 3~slave of slave 256 in road.
Refering to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram for judging two points fault, and the communication success rate of RS485 bus can be improved, and
It is accurately positioned the specific location of two points fault, inquiry mode is switched by the timesharing of active and standby route, it can be by the primary link to the
All slaves (slave 1, slave 2) and the reserve link between one breakpoint (label to cross in figure) are between the second breakpoint
All slaves (6~slave of slave 256) realize normal communication, and the slave between two breakpoints can not communicate (slave
3- slave 5), but by switching inquiry, it is disconnected that the data collection system of the RS485 bus can accurately identify described first
The position of point and second breakpoint.As for failure more than multiple spot then for actual field, it has been not much judgement value,
If occurring breakpoint again between the first breakpoint and the second breakpoint, can user will show there are two breakpoint exclude after, system again into
The judgement of row breakpoint, gradually excludes all breakpoints by the judgement more taken turns, and for actual use, has been able to satisfy user
The purpose accurately safeguarded.
Refering to Fig. 7, on the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of collecting methods of RS485 bus, are applied to
RS485 bus communication system, the communication system include host, first transceiver, second transceiver and multiple slaves, the master
Machine includes at least one serial ports, and the first transceiver and the second transceiver are connect with a serial ports, described more
A slave is connected in series between the first transceiver and the second transceiver, wherein the first transceiver is to described
The communication link that the multiple slave on the direction of second transceiver is formed is preset as primary link, the second transceiver to institute
It states the communication link that the side of first transceiver is upwardly formed and is preset as reserve link；The described method includes:
The host acquires data from each slave by the primary link, and when the primary link breaks down, will lead to
Believe link switching to the reserve link, with acquire on from the second transceiver to the direction of the first transceiver up to
The data of slave between fault point.
Preferably, the judgement primary link break down the step of include:
Step S10: it is arranged that the first transceiver is transmission state, the second transceiver is reception state；
Step S20: data are sent to each slave by the first transceiver, and are returned by second transceiver reception
The data returned；
Step S30: judge whether the data of the transmission and the received data are consistent；
Step S40: if inconsistent, judge whether each slave has the confirmation message of return；
Step S50: if not having, judge that the primary link breaks down.
Preferably, it when the host judges that the primary link breaks down, obtains described in not returned in the primary link
The address of first slave of confirmation message, using as a malfunctioning node.
By taking address code is from 1~256 slave as an example, when system initialization state, by the host, the first transceiver
It is set as reception state with the second transceiver, when setting transmission state for the first transceiver later, the host
Sending port successively send data by multiple slaves of the first transceiver into the primary link, the host connects
Receiving end mouth receives the data that the sending port is sent by the second transceiver, and the receiving port receives described second
Transceiver return data after verified, when the feedback information and it is described data packet matched consistent when, first link
For normal link；When the data of the transmission and the inconsistent received Data Matching, described host etc. is to be received described
The confirmation message that slave returns, the confirmation message are to return to the data packet of the host in the slave within a preset time
(returning packet), if the host is not received by the confirmation message that the slave returns, the host judges that the primary link occurs
Failure；When the host judges that the primary link breaks down, the host acquires system by the data of the RS485 bus
System control obtains the address code for not returning to first slave of the confirmation message in the primary link, using as Fisrt fault section
Point.
It should be noted that the transmission data and reception data in the host are adopted by the data of the RS485 bus
Collecting system judges under unanimous circumstances, can carry out data acquisition to each slave by the operating mode of full duplex, only exist
When judging the transmission data and inconsistent reception data of the host, need to carry out the switching of communication link, and be to pass through poll
Mode is detected, and record does not receive the address code of slave in the primary link currently to judge the position of malfunctioning node,
The malfunctioning node is to have received back the RS485 bus connected between the slave of packet and the slave for not receiving back packet.
Moreover, it is judged that communication link is switched to reserve link and carries out data acquisition after the primary link breaks down
Method the following steps are included:
Step S60: it is arranged that the first transceiver is reception state, the second transceiver is transmission state；
Step S70: data are sent to each slave by the second transceiver, and are returned by first transceiver reception
The data returned；
Step S80: judge whether that receiving the second transceiver to each slave between the malfunctioning node returns
Confirmation message；
Step S90: if so, judging the number of the malfunctioning node for one；
Step S100: if it is not, then obtaining the ground for not returning to first slave of the confirmation message in the reserve link
Location code, using as the second malfunctioning node.
When detecting that the primary link breaks down, the communication link is switched into reserve link, by described first
Transceiver is set as reception state, sets transmission state for the second transceiver, and the host described in this way can be from described
Two transceivers to each slave between the malfunctioning node carries out data acquisition, it should be noted that in the primary link
The corresponding slave of an existing malfunctioning node, if the host can during the reserve link carries out data acquisition
Receive all slaves after the malfunctioning node in the primary link returns packet, wherein also corresponding comprising the malfunctioning node
Slave data packet, then further located position and the quantity of the malfunctioning node, to eliminate the malfunctioning node
The problem of corresponding slave is likely to occur failure, further the extra-high accuracy of the positioning malfunctioning node, also improves institute
State the reliability of the data acquisition of RS485 bus.
Similarly, the host by the reserve link do not receive the second transceiver to the malfunctioning node it
Between the confirmation message that returns of each slave, i.e., occur the breakpoint other than the malfunctioning node in the described reserve link,
That is in the communication link failure node number more than one, the host obtains not to be returned in the reserve link
Return the address code of first slave of the confirmation message, it should be noted that in the reserve link, receive from described second
Hair device to the slave between the fault point judges whether there is back packet, first nothing occurs and returns the slave of packet and record its address
Code, as the second malfunctioning node, to be reported to upper-level system or operation maintenance personnel.
The data collection system and method for a kind of RS485 bus provided by the invention, by host and several slaves it
Between in parallel first transceiver and second transceiver are set, realize that the switching of primary link and reserve link counts all slaves
According to acquisition, when breaking down in detection communication link, and the address code of the corresponding slave in fault point, Lai Tigao can be accurately positioned
The efficiency of the data acquisition of RS485 bus, is also convenient for maintenance personnel's precise positioning fault point.The host is adopted using single serial ports
It may be implemented to carry out data acquisition to the node where all RS485 buses in both links with the collection mechanism of repeating transmission, letter
The construction wiring of on-scene communication link is changed.When detecting one fault point of appearance in primary link, by switching to spare chain
Road can also carry out data acquisition to the slave for the point that breaks down, also improve to a certain extent logical between host and slave
Believe the stability of link.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed device and method can also pass through
Other modes are realized.The apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, flow chart and structure in attached drawing
Figure shows the system frame in the cards of the device of multiple embodiments according to the present invention, method and computer program product
Structure, function and operation.In this regard, each box in flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, section or code
A part, a part of the module, section or code includes one or more for implementing the specified logical function
Executable instruction.It should also be noted that function marked in the box can also be to be different from the implementation as replacement
The sequence marked in attached drawing occurs.For example, two continuous boxes can actually be basically executed in parallel, they are sometimes
It can execute in the opposite order, this depends on the function involved.It is also noted that in structure chart and/or flow chart
The combination of each box and the box in structure chart and/or flow chart, can function or movement as defined in executing it is dedicated
Hardware based system realize, or can realize using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.
In addition, each functional module or unit in each embodiment of the present invention can integrate one independence of formation together
Part, be also possible to modules individualism, an independent part can also be integrated to form with two or more modules.
If the function is realized in the form of the data collection system functional module of the RS485 bus and as independence
Product when selling or using, can store in a computer readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, of the invention
Technical solution substantially the part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be with described in other words
The form of the data collection system product of RS485 bus embodies, the data collection system of RS485 bus described in the computer
Product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that computer equipment (can be smart phone, a
People's computer, server or network equipment etc.) it performs all or part of the steps of the method described in the various embodiments of the present invention.
And storage medium above-mentioned includes: that USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), arbitrary access are deposited
The various media that can store program code such as reservoir (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic or disk.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of data collection system of RS485 bus characterized by comprising
Host, including at least one serial ports；
First transceiver and second transceiver are used to connect with a serial ports；
Multiple slaves, the multiple slave are connected in series between the first transceiver and the second transceiver；Wherein, institute
It states the communication link that the multiple slave on first transceiver to the direction of the second transceiver is formed and is preset as primary link,
The communication link that the side of the second transceiver to the first transceiver is upwardly formed is preset as reserve link；
The host is used to acquire data from each slave by the primary link, and when judging that the primary link breaks down,
Communication link is switched into the reserve link, to acquire on from the second transceiver to the direction of the first transceiver
Until the data of the slave between fault point.
2. the data collection system of RS485 bus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the host includes and institute
The the first reiving/transmitting state control port for stating first transceiver connection, the second reiving/transmitting state being connect with second transceiver control
Port；
The first reiving/transmitting state control port for be arranged the first transceiver between transmission state and reception state into
Row switching；
When the primary link breaks down, the second reiving/transmitting state control port is being sent out for the second transceiver to be arranged
It send and is switched between state and reception state.
3. the data collection system of RS485 bus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described in the host judgement
When whether primary link breaks down, switching the second transceiver by the second reiving/transmitting state control port is to receive shape
State；
The host sends data to each slave by the first transceiver, and receives return by the second transceiver
Data；
If the data of the transmission and the received data are inconsistent, the host judges whether each slave has return
Confirmation message, and judge that the primary link breaks down when no.
4. the data collection system of RS485 bus according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described in the host judgement
After primary link breaks down, the address code for not returning to first slave of the confirmation message in the primary link is obtained, to make
For a malfunctioning node.
5. the data collection system of RS485 bus according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further include:
The host is by the second transceiver to the second transceiver to each slave between the malfunctioning node
It successively sends data and receives the confirmation message that current slave returns；
Before the corresponding slave of the malfunctioning node, if current slave does not return to the confirmation message, the host judges institute
Position where stating current slave is the second malfunctioning node and the address code for recording the current slave.
6. the data collection system of RS485 bus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the serial ports passes through double-pole
Commutator is connected to the first transceiver or the second transceiver, and the host further includes double for controlling the double-pole
The switch control port of throw switch；
When the serial ports is connected to the first transceiver, the first reiving/transmitting state control port by described first for receiving
Hair device switches between transmission state and reception state；
When the primary link breaks down, the serial ports is connected to the second transceiver, the second reiving/transmitting state control
Port between transmission state and reception state for switching over the second transceiver.
7. the data collection system of RS485 bus according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the double-point double-throw switch
Including fixing end and movable end, the fixing end and the serial ports are electrically connected, and the movable end is used for and first transmitting-receiving
Device or the second transceiver are electrically connected.
8. the data collection system of RS485 bus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The first transceiver and the second transceiver are all made of RS485 bus level conversion chip, and the host is MCU master
Chip, when the first reiving/transmitting state control port is low level, the first transceiver is set as transmission state, and described first
When reiving/transmitting state control port is high level, the first transceiver is set as reception state.
9. the data collection system of RS485 bus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The serial ports sends data using half-duplex mode and receives data, switches to the reserve link in the primary link
When, the host is polled the multiple slave and acquires data.
10. a kind of collecting method of RS485 bus, which is characterized in that it is applied to RS485 bus communication system, it is described logical
Letter system includes host, first transceiver, second transceiver and multiple slaves, and the host includes at least one serial ports, described
First transceiver and the second transceiver are connect with a serial ports, and the multiple slave is connected in series in described first
Between transceiver and the second transceiver, wherein described on the first transceiver to the direction of the second transceiver
The communication link that multiple slaves are formed is preset as primary link, and the side of the second transceiver to the first transceiver is upwardly formed
Communication link be preset as reserve link；The described method includes:
The host acquires data from each slave by the primary link, and when the primary link breaks down, by communication chain
Road switches to the reserve link, with acquire from the second transceiver to the direction of the first transceiver on up to failure
The data of slave between point.
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| CN115085758A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-20 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Dual-transceiver multi-mode RS-485 communication host and working method |
| CN115085758B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2024-08-02 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Working method of double-transceiver multi-mode RS-485 communication host |
| CN115862181A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-03-28 | 钛能科技股份有限公司 | Chain communication display instrument set and chain communication method thereof |
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