CN109991393B - Pneumatic acceleration inclined plate experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation - Google Patents
Pneumatic acceleration inclined plate experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109991393B CN109991393B CN201910352899.6A CN201910352899A CN109991393B CN 109991393 B CN109991393 B CN 109991393B CN 201910352899 A CN201910352899 A CN 201910352899A CN 109991393 B CN109991393 B CN 109991393B
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012502 risk assessment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005476 size effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention discloses a pneumatic accelerating inclined plate experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation, which comprises an inclined plate device, wherein the inclined plate device comprises an inclined plate fixing bracket, an inclined plate is arranged on the inclined plate fixing bracket, the lower end of the inclined plate is abutted with a bottom plate, and the inclined plate is connected with an angle adjusting mechanism; the inclined plate is provided with a material release device, the material release device comprises a guide rail, a material box is arranged on the guide rail, the material box is opened towards one side of the bottom plate, and one side of the material box away from the bottom plate is connected with the pneumatic accelerating device; the pneumatic accelerating device comprises a high-speed cylinder fixedly connected with the side wall of the material box, the high-speed cylinder is connected with a gas storage tank through a breather pipe, and an air compressor is arranged on the gas storage tank. The invention can solve the problem that the indoor physical model of the landslide cannot simulate the high-speed movement of the landslide in the prior art, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient adjustment and easy operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of landslide physical model experiments, in particular to a pneumatic acceleration inclined plate experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation.
Background
The high-speed remote landslide is a high-speed rock debris flow developed by large-scale rock collapse or rock slip, the speed of the high-speed rock debris flow is generally more than 20m/s and can be more than 100m/s at most, the high-speed remote landslide has the characteristics of large volume, long movement distance, strong destructiveness and the like, and the geological disasters seriously threaten the life and property safety of people in the mountain gorge valley areas of China and the construction and safe operation of traffic main lines. The high-speed remote landslide movement mechanism is always a front hot spot in the field of engineering geology at home and abroad and mountain disaster, and the indoor physical model experiment is one of important means for researching the high-speed remote landslide movement mechanism.
The existing research results show that the movement speed of the high-speed remote landslide is far greater than that of a general catastrophic landslide, the movement speed is an important factor influencing the movement process and accumulation characteristics of the landslide, the change of the accumulation range of the landslide and the hazard difference of the landslide are directly caused, and the prediction of the accumulation range of the landslide is one of the most critical parameters for carrying out landslide hazard risk assessment and emergency management, so that the high-speed movement process of the landslide is simulated as much as possible in an indoor physical model experiment, and the method is a key of the high-speed remote landslide physical model experiment.
However, the size effect exists in the indoor physical model experiment, and the indoor physical model experiment is also limited by an experimental field, and in most indoor physical model experiments of landslide, the motion speed of the simulated landslide is generally lower than 5m/s, so that the reality and the reliability of landslide simulation are seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a pneumatic acceleration sloping plate experimental device for simulating a high-speed remote landslide, which can solve the problem that an indoor physical model of the landslide cannot simulate the high-speed movement of the landslide in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the pneumatic accelerating inclined plate experimental device for simulating the high-speed long-distance landslide comprises an inclined plate device, wherein the inclined plate device comprises an inclined plate fixing bracket, an inclined plate is arranged on the inclined plate fixing bracket, the lower end of the inclined plate is abutted with a bottom plate, and the inclined plate is connected with an angle adjusting mechanism; the inclined plate is provided with a material release device, the material release device comprises a guide rail, a material box is arranged on the guide rail, the material box is opened towards one side of the bottom plate, and one side of the material box away from the bottom plate is connected with the pneumatic accelerating device; the pneumatic accelerating device comprises a high-speed cylinder fixedly connected with the side wall of the material box, the high-speed cylinder is connected with a gas storage tank through a breather pipe, and an air compressor is arranged on the gas storage tank.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, the two side faces of the inclined plate are symmetrically provided with hollow circular rings, the upper part of the inclined plate fixing bracket is provided with a pulley jack, and the pulley jack is connected with the hollow circular rings through a rope.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, the angle adjusting mechanism comprises an angle adjusting rod abutted with the middle part of the sloping plate and a height fine adjuster clamped with the bottom of the sloping plate.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, preferably, high micromatic setting is including the symmetry be provided with the fine setting ware base of swash plate below both sides, is provided with the long bolt on the fine setting ware base, has cup jointed the truss on the long bolt, truss and swash plate bottom butt are provided with the fastener with swash plate side butt on the truss.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, the L-shaped steel plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the material box, which are adjacent to one side of the opening, the upper ends of the L-shaped steel plates are hinged with the solid iron columns, and the front side baffle plates are arranged on the lower parts of the solid iron columns.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, the front ends of the upper parts of the two side L-shaped steel plates and the middle part of the front side baffle are respectively provided with a fixed ring, and the adjacent fixed rings are connected with each other through springs.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, two sides of the front side baffle plate extend outwards, and two sides of the material box are provided with electromagnets attached to the extending parts of the front side baffle plate.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, the inclined plate is provided with a correlation photoelectric sensor, the correlation photoelectric sensor comprises a receiver, a relay and a transmitter, the transmitter and the receiver are respectively arranged at the position adjacent to the lowest end of the guide rail, and the distance between the transmitter and the receiver is larger than the width of the material box.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, a power switch is arranged on one side of the guide rail, and the power switch is respectively connected with the correlation photoelectric sensor and the electromagnetic iron.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the vent pipe is provided with a switch valve.
The pneumatic acceleration inclined plate experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation provided by the invention has the main beneficial effects that:
through setting up swash plate device, pneumatic accelerating device and material release, can realize high-speed slip, striking, destroy, pile up a series of complete motion processes, the phenomenon of experimental material after the slip destruction remains completely on the bottom plate of pneumatic accelerating swash plate experimental apparatus to guarantee the accuracy of experiment, thereby restore the high-speed motion process of true landslide as far as possible, provide the scientific basis for discussing the motion mechanism of landslide, for the risk analysis of landslide disaster, compensatied the defect that current little scale landslide physical model experiment can't simulate the high-speed motion of landslide.
By arranging the angle adjusting mechanism, physical simulation of the unlimited high-speed remote landslide under different inclination angles can be realized, the adjusting range is wide, the adjusting process is simple, and the operation difficulty is small; through setting up pneumatic accelerator, adjust gas holder pressure, the velocity of motion and the effort of piston rod in the control cylinder to the initial velocity of motion of experimental material in the control material box realizes the simulation of different initial velocity high-speed long-range landslide.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of the pneumatic accelerating inclined plate experimental device.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the swash plate device of the pneumatic acceleration experiment device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic accelerator of the pneumatic acceleration test apparatus
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a material release device of a pneumatic acceleration test apparatus
The device comprises a base plate surface 201, a base plate bottom frame 202, a steel rib 203, a nut 204, a bolt 205, a sloping plate bottom frame 206, a sloping plate surface 207, a hollow circular ring 208, a sloping plate fixing support 209, a pulley jack 210, a pulley hook 211, an angle adjusting rod 212, an angle adjusting bolt 213, an angle adjusting nut 214, a truss 215, a long bolt 216, a long bolt 217, a long bolt matching nut 218, a fine adjuster base 219, a clamping piece 301, an air compressor 302, a pneumatic three-element 303, an air storage tank 304, a switch valve 305, a vent pipe 306, a high-speed cylinder 401, a material box 402, a guide rail 403, a slider 404, a front baffle plate 405, an L-shaped steel plate 406, a mounting nut 407, a fixing ring 408, a solid iron column 409, a spring 410, an electromagnet 411, a correlation photoelectric sensor 413, a relay 414 and a power switch.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pneumatic acceleration ramp experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation.
The invention relates to a pneumatic accelerating inclined plate experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation, which comprises an inclined plate device, wherein the inclined plate device comprises an inclined plate fixing bracket 209, as shown in figure 2, an inclined plate is arranged on the inclined plate fixing bracket 209, the inclined plate comprises an inclined plate bottom frame 206 and an inclined plate panel 207, and the inclined plate bottom frame 206 and the inclined plate panel 207 are fixedly connected through bolts 205 and nuts 204; the lower end of the inclined plate is abutted with a bottom plate, the bottom plate comprises a bottom plate surface 201 and a bottom plate bottom frame 202, and steel ribs 203 are arranged on the bottom plate bottom frame 202 so as to bear load better. The sloping plate is connected with the angle adjusting mechanism.
Specifically, the angle adjustment mechanism includes an angle adjustment lever 212 that abuts against the middle portion of the swash plate bottom frame 206 and a height fine adjuster that engages with the bottom of the swash plate.
Further, the centers of two sides of the inclined plate fixing support 209 are respectively provided with a mounting groove, the mounting grooves are in a strip shape, the width of each mounting groove is larger than the bolt diameter of the angle adjusting bolt 213, and two sides of the angle adjusting rod 212 penetrate through the mounting grooves of channel steel at two sides of the fixing support 209 through the angle adjusting bolt 213 and are fixed through the angle adjusting nuts 214; by changing the installation height of the angle adjusting lever 212 on the installation groove, the inclination angle of the swash plate is changed because the bottom of the swash plate is abutted against the bottom plate to keep the position fixed.
The height fine adjuster comprises fine adjuster bases 218 symmetrically arranged on two sides below the sloping plate, long bolts 216 are welded on the fine adjuster bases 218, trusses 215 are sleeved on the long bolts 216, long bolt matching nuts 217 are arranged on the connecting parts, the trusses 215 are abutted to the bottom of the sloping plate bottom frame 202, and clamping pieces 219 abutted to the side faces of the sloping plate are arranged on the trusses 215; by adjusting the position of the long bolt matching nut 217, the height of the truss 215 is adjusted, so that the angle of the lower part of the sloping plate is finely adjusted.
Preferably, hollow circular rings 208 are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces of the inclined plate, a pulley jack 210 is arranged on the upper portion of the inclined plate fixing support 209 through a pulley hook 211, and the pulley jack 210 is connected with the hollow circular rings 208 through ropes. When the inclination angle of the swash plate needs to be adjusted by the angle adjusting lever 212, the swash plate is lifted by the pulley jack 210 to facilitate the adjustment.
The inclined plate is provided with a material release device, as shown in fig. 4, the material release device comprises a guide rail 402, a material box 401 is arranged on the guide rail 402, the lower end of the material box 401 is provided with a sliding block 403 matched with the guide rail 402, the material box 401 is opened towards one side of the bottom plate, and one side of the material box 401 away from the bottom plate is connected with a pneumatic accelerating device.
Specifically, the two sides of the material box 401 adjacent to one side of the opening are symmetrically provided with L-shaped steel plates 405, the lower ends of the L-shaped steel plates 405 are arranged on the two sides of the material box 401 through mounting bolts 406 and mounting nuts 407, the upper ends of the L-shaped steel plates 405 are hinged with solid iron columns 409, and front side baffles 404 are arranged on the lower portions of the solid iron columns 409.
The front end of the upper part of the L-shaped steel plate 405 and the middle part of the front baffle 404 are respectively provided with a fixed ring 408, and the fixed rings 408 on the same side are connected with each other through a spring 410; when the front side guards 404 are closed, the springs 410 are in tension.
The front side baffle 404 extends outward on both sides, and the material box 401 is provided with electromagnets 411 attached to the extending portions of the front side baffle 404 on both sides. In the energized state, the electromagnet 411 attracts the front side shutter 404, thereby leaving the experimental material in the magazine 401; when de-energized, the front side barrier 404 pulls back under the traction of the spring 410, releasing the test material.
The inclined plate is provided with an opposite-emission photoelectric sensor 412, the opposite-emission photoelectric sensor 412 comprises a receiver, a relay 413 and an emitter, the emitter and the receiver are respectively arranged at the position adjacent to the lowest end of the guide rail 402, and the distance between the emitter and the receiver is larger than the width of the material box 401. A power switch 414 is provided on one side of the guide rail 402, and the power switch 414 is electrically connected to the correlation photoelectric sensor 412 and the electromagnet 411, respectively.
As shown in fig. 3, the pneumatic accelerator comprises a high-speed cylinder 301 fixedly connected with the side wall of the material box 401, the high-speed cylinder 301 is fixedly arranged on the inclined plate surface 207 and is connected with an air storage tank 303 through a vent pipe 305, and the air storage tank 303 is provided with an air compressor 301. Pneumatic three elements are provided on the air compressor 301 and the air tank 303, respectively. The vent pipe 305 is provided with an on-off valve 304.
The following is an explanation of the working principle of the pneumatic acceleration experimental device provided by the invention:
the inclined plate device is set to a set angle by adjusting the height of the angle adjusting lever 212 and the height of the truss 215; then, the air compressor 301 in the pneumatic accelerating device is used for inflating the air storage tank 303, when the instrument on the air storage tank 303 displays set pressure, the switch valve 304 is opened, so that the piston rod of the high-speed air cylinder 306 moves forwards under the action of air pressure, the piston rod pushes the material box 401 to slide downwards along the guide rail 402 at a set speed, and the initial speed of the sliding downwards is determined by the inclination angle of the inclined plate device and the released quantitative air pressure, so that the initial speed of the movement of the experimental material can be accurately controlled.
The experimental material is placed inside the material box 401 and moves along with the movement of the material box 401, the opposite-emission photoelectric sensors 412 are placed on two sides of the forefront end where the material box 401 can reach, and when no obstacle exists between the emitter and the receiver of the opposite-emission photoelectric sensors 412, the material box is in a normally closed state.
The opposite-shooting photoelectric sensor 412 controls the switch of the electromagnet 411, and in the closed state, the electromagnet 411 is normally electrified to tightly attract the front side baffle 404, and the spring 410 connected between the front side baffle 404 and the L-shaped steel plate 405 is in a stretched state.
When the material box 401 moves to the forefront end of the guide rail 402, a channel between the emitter and the receiver of the opposite-emission photoelectric sensor 412 is blocked, a circuit is disconnected, the electromagnet 411 stops working, a spring 410 connected between the front side baffle 404 and the L-shaped steel plate 405 is restored to a free state, the front side baffle 404 is driven to be opened quickly, and therefore experimental materials are automatically released under the condition of high-speed movement. Experimental materials fall onto the bottom plate from the inclined plate so as to completely reserve the landslide structure phenomenon after sliding damage, thereby ensuring the accuracy of experiments.
The above description of the embodiments of the present invention has been provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and that all the inventions using the inventive concept are to be protected as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The pneumatic accelerating inclined plate experimental device for the high-speed remote landslide simulation is characterized by comprising an inclined plate device, wherein the inclined plate device comprises an inclined plate fixing bracket, an inclined plate is arranged on the inclined plate fixing bracket, the lower end of the inclined plate is abutted to a bottom plate, and the inclined plate is connected with an angle adjusting mechanism; the material release device comprises a guide rail, a material box is arranged on the guide rail, the material box is opened towards one side of the bottom plate, and one side of the material box away from the bottom plate is connected with the pneumatic accelerating device; the pneumatic accelerating device comprises a high-speed cylinder fixedly connected with the side wall of the material box, the high-speed cylinder is connected with a gas storage tank through a breather pipe, and an air compressor is arranged on the gas storage tank;
the front baffle plate is hinged to the opening end of the material box, a spring which is in a stretching state when the front baffle plate is closed is connected between the front baffle plate and the material box, two sides of the front baffle plate extend outwards, and two sides of the material box are provided with electromagnets which are attached to the extending parts of the front baffle plate; in the electrified state, the electromagnet attracts the front baffle; the inclined plate is provided with a power switch and a correlation photoelectric sensor for monitoring whether the material box arrives, and the power switch is respectively connected with the correlation photoelectric sensor and the electromagnetic iron.
2. The pneumatic accelerating inclined plate experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation of claim 1, wherein hollow circular rings are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces of the inclined plate, a pulley jack is arranged on the upper portion of the inclined plate fixing support, and the pulley jack is connected with the hollow circular rings through ropes.
3. The pneumatic acceleration inclined plate experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation of claim 1, wherein the angle adjusting mechanism comprises an angle adjusting rod which is abutted with the middle part of the inclined plate and a height fine adjuster which is clamped with the bottom of the inclined plate; the height fine adjuster comprises fine adjuster bases symmetrically arranged on two sides below the inclined plate, long bolts are arranged on the fine adjuster bases, trusses are sleeved on the long bolts, long bolt matching nuts are arranged on the connecting portions, the trusses are in butt joint with the bottom of the inclined plate, and clamping pieces in butt joint with the side faces of the inclined plate are arranged on the trusses.
4. The pneumatic acceleration inclined plate experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation of claim 1, wherein L-shaped steel plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of one surface of the material box, which is adjacent to the opening, the upper ends of the L-shaped steel plates are hinged with the solid iron columns, and the front side baffle plate is arranged on the lower parts of the solid iron columns.
5. The pneumatic acceleration inclined plate experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation of claim 4, wherein the front ends of the upper parts of the two side L-shaped steel plates and the middle part of the front side baffle are respectively provided with a fixed ring, and adjacent fixed rings are connected with each other through springs.
6. The pneumatic acceleration ramp experimental set-up for high-speed remote landslide simulation of claim 1, wherein the pair-shot photoelectric sensor comprises a receiver, a relay and a transmitter, the transmitter and the receiver are respectively arranged at the position adjacent to the lowest end of the guide rail, and the distance between the transmitter and the receiver is larger than the width of the material box.
7. The pneumatic acceleration ramp experimental set-up for high-speed remote landslide simulation of claim 1, wherein the power switch is disposed on one side of the rail.
8. The pneumatic acceleration ramp experimental apparatus for high-speed remote landslide simulation of claim 1, wherein the vent pipe is provided with an on-off valve.
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| CN201910352899.6A CN109991393B (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-04-29 | Pneumatic acceleration inclined plate experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation |
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| CN110553815A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-10 | 大连理工大学 | Test device suitable for wedge is gone into water with higher speed to slope |
| CN113758809B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-08-30 | 泰州赛宝工业技术研究院有限公司 | Multilayer high-pressure-resistant damp-heat environment test box and test method thereof |
| CN114486171B (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-04-21 | 河海大学 | Normal physical model for river channel type reservoir three-dimensional landslide surge test |
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