CN109990970B - Flow display smoke line device and method - Google Patents
Flow display smoke line device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109990970B CN109990970B CN201910233055.XA CN201910233055A CN109990970B CN 109990970 B CN109990970 B CN 109990970B CN 201910233055 A CN201910233055 A CN 201910233055A CN 109990970 B CN109990970 B CN 109990970B
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004509 smoke generator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/065—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing dealing with flow
- G01M9/067—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing dealing with flow visualisation
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Abstract
A flow display smoke line device and a method are provided, wherein an electric smoke line nozzle of the device is connected with a smoke generator sequentially through a high-pressure smoke box, an electric stop valve, an air pump and a normal-pressure smoke box, a pressure sensor is arranged in the high-pressure smoke box, and all the parts are controlled by a PLC and a computer. The method comprises the following steps: initializing the device; the wind tunnel enters a speed regulating state, and a smoke generator is started to charge smoke into the normal pressure smoke box; closing the smoke generator after the smoke charging time is over; the electric stop valve is opened, and the smoke in the normal-pressure smoke box is input into the high-pressure smoke box by the air pump; when the pressure in the high-pressure smoke box reaches a set value, the electric stop valve is closed, the air pump is shut down, and the high-pressure smoke box is filled with smoke; when the airflow is regulated stably, the electric smoke line spray head is controlled to be opened, smoke in the high-pressure smoke box is sprayed out through smoke line spray holes to form two high-pressure smoke lines, and meanwhile, the flow display measurement work is started; and after the flow display measurement work is finished, controlling the electric tobacco line spray head to be closed, and finishing the flow display experiment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flow display, and particularly relates to a flow display smoke line device and a flow display smoke line method.
Background
The flow display technology is an important component of fluid mechanics, is an important means for discovering new flow phenomena, exploring flow mechanism, measuring complex flow and analyzing the flow-around characteristics of the complex flow, and has important practical value in engineering. Recent developments in fluid mechanics and aerodynamics and the use of separated flows in the development of new generation aircraft have presented new challenges, including mechanistic and applied studies, for the study of complex flows (separated flows, swirl flows, turbulence, unsteady flows, etc.), which are generally three-dimensional, unsteady, aperiodic, with flow patterns that vary in time and space, or have complex spatial structures, or are unsteady in flow, and often both. Currently, the capture of these complex flow phenomena and the study of flow mechanisms are not sufficient, and one of the important reasons is the lack of means for displaying and measuring complex flows.
The smoke line method is a commonly used method in a flow display experiment and is realized by the following steps: a metal resistance wire vertical to incoming flow is transversely placed at the upstream of a wind tunnel model, or the metal resistance wire is fixed at a specific position of the model, a layer of oil is coated on the metal resistance wire before an experiment, the metal resistance wire is heated by electrifying during the experiment, the oil is heated and fuming to form white smoke, and the smoke flows downstream along with airflow to further display the flowing state.
However, the traditional tobacco line method still has obvious defects, and only a single tobacco line group can be formed, so that a complex flowing space structure cannot be displayed, and a more comprehensive three-dimensional flow state of a model cannot be displayed; furthermore, oil on the metal resistance wire needs manual painting, so that oil drops are easily distributed unevenly, and the thickness of a tobacco line is uneven; in addition, because the smoke is generated only by heating the oil coated on the metal resistance wire, the smoke amount is small, the smoke generation time is short, and in order to obtain an ideal flowing display picture (image), the shooting time must be mastered, and meanwhile, the experiment wind speed adjustment and shooting equipment (a camera or a video camera) must be matched, and the shooting equipment (the camera or the video camera), a light source and a smoke generator are synchronously controlled, which puts higher requirements on the operation experience of an experimenter, and the clear flowing display picture (image) is not easy to obtain.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a flow display smoke line device and a method, which can form two smoke lines, meet the display requirements of a complicated flowing space structure and a more comprehensive three-dimensional flow state of a model, abandon the mode of heating smoke by brushing oil with a metal resistance wire, directly output smoke through a smoke box, have large smoke amount and long duration, make the smoke lines more uniform, effectively reduce the measurement difficulty of flow display, and more easily obtain clear flow display pictures (images).
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a flow display smoke line device comprises an electric smoke line nozzle, a high-pressure smoke box, an electric stop valve, an air pump, a normal-pressure smoke box, a smoke generator, a PLC and a computer; the smoke inlet of the electric smoke line sprayer is communicated with the smoke outlet of the high-pressure smoke box through a pipeline, the smoke inlet of the high-pressure smoke box is communicated with one end of an electric stop valve through a pipeline, the other end of the electric stop valve is communicated with the air outlet of an air pump through a pipeline, the air suction port of the air pump is communicated with the smoke outlet of the normal-pressure smoke box through a pipeline, and the smoke inlet of the normal-pressure smoke box is communicated with the smoke outlet of a smoke generator; a pressure sensor is arranged in the high-pressure smoke box; and the signal input end of the electric cigarette line sprayer, the signal output end of the pressure sensor, the signal input end of the electric stop valve, the signal input end of the air pump and the signal input end of the smoke generator are connected with the computer through the PLC.
The electric smoke line sprayer comprises a fairing, a partition plate, a fixed pore plate, a movable pore plate and an electric push rod; the fairing is divided into an expansion section and a flat section, and the section of the expansion section is in a long-strip hole shape; the two baffles are arranged at two positions, are parallel and are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the inner side of the expansion section of the fairing, and are parallel to the straight section of the fairing; the fixed pore plate is fixedly arranged between the two partition plates and is vertical to the partition plates, and the smoke outlet of the expansion section of the fairing is blocked by the fixed pore plate; the movable orifice plate is positioned on the inner side of the fixed orifice plate, and the movable orifice plate is attached to the fixed orifice plate; the electric push rod is connected between the movable orifice plate and the fairing, and the movable orifice plate is in sliding fit with the fixed orifice plate through the electric push rod.
The fixed pore plate and the movable pore plate are both provided with two smoke exhaust line spray holes, the two smoke exhaust line spray holes on the fixed pore plate and the movable pore plate are arranged in the same way, and the first smoke exhaust line spray hole and the second smoke exhaust line spray hole in the two rows of smoke exhaust line spray holes are arranged in a staggered way.
A method for displaying smoke lines in a flowing mode is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: initializing the flow display smoke line device to enable the electric smoke line nozzle to be in a closed state, the electric stop valve to be in a closed state, the air pump to be in a standby state, the smoke generator to be in a standby state, and the PLC to be in a state of waiting for a computer control signal;
step two: the wind tunnel enters a speed regulating state, meanwhile, the PLC receives a control signal of the computer, sends a starting signal to the smoke generator by the PLC, and fills smoke into the normal pressure smoke box through the smoke generator;
step three: after the cigarette charging time is over, sending a shutdown signal to the smoke generator through the PLC, and stopping smoking of the smoke generator;
step four: sending an opening signal to the electric stop valve through the PLC, so that the electric stop valve is opened, sending a starting signal to the air pump through the PLC, and inputting smoke in the normal-pressure smoke box into the high-pressure smoke box through the air pump;
step five: when a pressure sensor in the high-pressure smoke box detects that the pressure in the high-pressure smoke box reaches a set value, a closing signal is sent to the electric stop valve through the PLC, meanwhile, a shutdown signal is sent to the air pump through the PLC, and the smoke filling of the high-pressure smoke box is finished;
step six: when the airflow of the wind tunnel experiment is regulated stably, the PLC receives a smoke spraying signal of the computer, sends a retraction action execution signal to the electric push rod by the PLC, lifts the movable orifice plate upwards through the retraction action of the electric push rod to enable the fixed orifice plate to be communicated with all smoke line spray holes on the movable orifice plate, at the moment, smoke in the high-pressure smoke box is sprayed out through the smoke line spray holes to form two high-pressure smoke lines, and simultaneously, the flow display measurement work is started;
step seven: after the flow display measurement work is finished, the PLC receives a smoke spraying end signal of the computer, sends an extending action execution signal to the electric push rod by the PLC, enables the movable orifice plate to return downwards to the original position through the extending action of the electric push rod, and enables the fixed orifice plate to plug all smoke line spray orifices on the movable orifice plate;
step eight: and repeating the second step to the seventh step, and carrying out the next flow display experiment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the flow display smoke line device and the method can form two smoke line groups, meet the display requirements of a complex flowing space structure and a more comprehensive three-dimensional flow state of a model, abandon the mode that a metal resistance wire is heated to smoke, directly output smoke through a smoke box, have large smoke amount and long duration, more uniform smoke lines, effectively reduce the measurement difficulty of flow display, avoid the overlapping of the smoke lines by the two staggered smoke line groups, and more easily obtain clear flow display pictures (images).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a flow display smoke line device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 1 (with the motorized tobacco line spray head in a closed position);
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 1 (with the electrically powered tobacco line spray head in an open position);
FIG. 4 is a view taken from the direction A of FIG. 2;
in the figure, 1-electric smoke line nozzle, 2-high pressure smoke box, 3-electric stop valve, 4-air pump, 5-atmospheric smoke box, 6-smoke generator, 7-fairing, 8-clapboard, 9-fixed orifice plate, 10-movable orifice plate, 11-electric push rod, 12-smoke line spray orifice.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a flow display smoke line device comprises an electric smoke line nozzle 1, a high pressure smoke box 2, an electric stop valve 3, an air pump 4, a normal pressure smoke box 5, a smoke generator 6, a PLC and a computer; the smoke inlet of the electric smoke line sprayer 1 is communicated with the smoke outlet of the high-pressure smoke box 2 through a pipeline, the smoke inlet of the high-pressure smoke box 2 is communicated with one end of an electric stop valve 3 through a pipeline, the other end of the electric stop valve 3 is communicated with the exhaust port of an air pump 4 through a pipeline, the air suction port of the air pump 4 is communicated with the smoke outlet of a normal-pressure smoke box 5 through a pipeline, and the smoke inlet of the normal-pressure smoke box 5 is communicated with the smoke outlet of a smoke generator 6; a pressure sensor is arranged in the high-pressure smoke box 2; and the signal input end of the electric tobacco line spray head 1, the signal output end of the pressure sensor, the signal input end of the electric stop valve 3, the signal input end of the air pump 4 and the signal input end of the smoke generator 6 are connected with a computer through a PLC.
The electric smoke line sprayer 1 comprises a fairing 7, a partition plate 8, a fixed pore plate 9, a movable pore plate 10 and an electric push rod 11; the fairing 7 is divided into an expansion section and a flat section, and the section of the expansion section is in a long-strip hole shape; the two partition plates 8 are arranged at two positions, the two partition plates 8 are parallel and symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the inner side of the expansion section of the fairing 7, and the partition plates 8 are parallel to the straight section of the fairing 7; the fixed pore plate 9 is fixedly arranged between the two partition plates 8, the fixed pore plate 9 is vertical to the partition plates 8, and a smoke outlet of the expansion section of the fairing 7 is blocked by the fixed pore plate 9; the movable orifice plate 10 is positioned at the inner side of the fixed orifice plate 9, and the movable orifice plate 10 is attached to the fixed orifice plate 9; the electric push rod 11 is connected between the movable orifice plate 10 and the fairing 7, and the movable orifice plate 10 is in sliding fit with the fixed orifice plate 9 through the electric push rod 11.
The fixed orifice plate 9 and the movable orifice plate 10 are both provided with two smoke exhaust line spray orifices 12, the fixed orifice plate 9 and the movable orifice plate 10 are arranged in the same way, and the first smoke exhaust line spray orifices 12 and the second smoke exhaust line spray orifices 12 in the two rows of smoke exhaust line spray orifices 12 are arranged in a staggered way.
In this embodiment, the maximum experiment time of the flow display experiment is set to 20 seconds, the maximum wind speed is set to 20 m/s, and the model for the flow display experiment includes an airplane model, an automobile model, an airfoil model, a fan model, a building model, and the like; in the experiment, the smoke volume of the smoke line is at least 0.8 cubic meter, the outlet pressure of the smoke line spray hole 12 is set to 300Pa, the damage of a flow channel and the like and the residual smoke volume of the high-pressure smoke box 2 are converted, the energy coefficient is taken to be 3, the pressure in the high-pressure smoke box 2 is set to 900Pa, the high-pressure smoke box 2 is selected according to the pressure resistance of 1000Pa, and the volume of the high-pressure smoke box 2 is set to 1 cubic meter; the volume of the normal pressure smoke box 5 is set to be 2 cubic meters; the smoke generator 6 is selected according to the smoke amount of 0.1 cubic meter per second, and the rated power of the smoke generator 6 is 1.2 kilowatts; the number of each smoke exhaust line spray hole 12 in the two smoke exhaust line spray holes 12 is set to be 20, and the aperture is 0.2 mm; the friction force of the contact surface between the fixed orifice plate 9 and the movable orifice plate 10 is adjusted according to 2N, and the thrust force of the electric push rod 11 is set according to 10N; determining the input and output points of the PLC according to the input 3-path switching value, the input 1-path analog value and the output 4-path switching value, and reserving certain expansion allowance, wherein the basic units selected by the PLC are 8DI, 8DO and 2 AI; the model of the electric stop valve 3 is DN 25; the pipeline used for communicating each part in the device adopts a PVC pipe.
A method for displaying smoke lines in a flowing mode is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: initializing the flow display smoke line device to enable the electric smoke line nozzle 1 to be in a closed state, the electric stop valve 3 to be in a closed state, the air pump 4 to be in a standby state, the smoke generator 6 to be in a standby state, and the PLC to be in a state of waiting for a computer control signal;
step two: the wind tunnel enters a speed regulating state, meanwhile, the PLC receives a control signal of the computer, the PLC sends a starting signal to the smoke generator 6, and smoke is filled into the normal pressure smoke box 5 through the smoke generator 6;
step three: when the smoke charging time is over (the smoke charging time is set to be 30 seconds), a shutdown signal is sent to the smoke generator 6 through the PLC, and the smoke generator 6 stops smoking;
step four: sending an opening signal to the electric stop valve 3 through the PLC, so that the electric stop valve 3 is opened, sending a starting signal to the air pump 4 through the PLC, and inputting smoke in the normal-pressure smoke box 5 into the high-pressure smoke box 2 through the air pump 4;
step five: when a pressure sensor in the high-pressure smoke box 2 detects that the pressure in the box reaches a set value, a closing signal is sent to the electric stop valve 3 through the PLC, meanwhile, a closing signal is sent to the air pump 4 through the PLC, and the smoke filling of the high-pressure smoke box 2 is finished;
step six: when the airflow of the wind tunnel experiment is regulated stably, the PLC receives a smoke spraying signal of the computer, sends a retraction action execution signal to the electric push rod 11 by the PLC, lifts the movable orifice plate 10 upwards by the retraction action of the electric push rod 11, leads the fixed orifice plate 9 to be communicated with all smoke line spray orifices 12 on the movable orifice plate 10, sprays smoke in the high-pressure smoke box 2 through the smoke line spray orifices 12 at the moment, forms two high-pressure smoke lines, and simultaneously starts the flow display measurement work;
step seven: after the flow display measurement work is finished, the PLC receives a smoke spraying end signal of the computer, sends a stretching action execution signal to the electric push rod 11 by the PLC, enables the movable orifice plate 10 to return to the original position downwards through the stretching action of the electric push rod 11, and blocks all smoke line spray orifices 12 on the movable orifice plate 10 by the fixed orifice plate 9;
step eight: and repeating the second step to the seventh step, and carrying out the next flow display experiment.
The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A flow display smoke line device, characterized in that: comprises an electric tobacco line nozzle, a high-pressure tobacco box, an electric stop valve, an air pump, a normal-pressure tobacco box, a smoke generator, a PLC and a computer; the smoke inlet of the electric smoke line sprayer is communicated with the smoke outlet of the high-pressure smoke box through a pipeline, the smoke inlet of the high-pressure smoke box is communicated with one end of an electric stop valve through a pipeline, the other end of the electric stop valve is communicated with the air outlet of an air pump through a pipeline, the air suction port of the air pump is communicated with the smoke outlet of the normal-pressure smoke box through a pipeline, and the smoke inlet of the normal-pressure smoke box is communicated with the smoke outlet of a smoke generator; a pressure sensor is arranged in the high-pressure smoke box; the signal input end of the electric tobacco line nozzle, the signal output end of the pressure sensor, the signal input end of the electric stop valve, the signal input end of the air pump and the signal input end of the smoke generator are connected with the computer through the PLC; the electric smoke line sprayer comprises a fairing, a partition plate, a fixed pore plate, a movable pore plate and an electric push rod; the fairing is divided into an expansion section and a flat section, and the section of the expansion section is in a long-strip hole shape; the two baffles are arranged at two positions, are parallel and are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the inner side of the expansion section of the fairing, and are parallel to the straight section of the fairing; the fixed pore plate is fixedly arranged between the two partition plates and is vertical to the partition plates, and the smoke outlet of the expansion section of the fairing is blocked by the fixed pore plate; the movable orifice plate is positioned on the inner side of the fixed orifice plate, and the movable orifice plate is attached to the fixed orifice plate; the electric push rod is connected between the movable orifice plate and the fairing, and the movable orifice plate is in sliding fit with the fixed orifice plate through the electric push rod; the fixed pore plate and the movable pore plate are both provided with two smoke exhaust line spray holes, the two smoke exhaust line spray holes on the fixed pore plate and the movable pore plate are arranged in the same way, and the first smoke exhaust line spray hole and the second smoke exhaust line spray hole in the two rows of smoke exhaust line spray holes are arranged in a staggered way.
2. A method for displaying a smoke line by flowing, which uses the device for displaying a smoke line according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: initializing the flow display smoke line device to enable the electric smoke line nozzle to be in a closed state, the electric stop valve to be in a closed state, the air pump to be in a standby state, the smoke generator to be in a standby state, and the PLC to be in a state of waiting for a computer control signal;
step two: the wind tunnel enters a speed regulating state, meanwhile, the PLC receives a control signal of the computer, sends a starting signal to the smoke generator by the PLC, and fills smoke into the normal pressure smoke box through the smoke generator;
step three: after the cigarette charging time is over, sending a shutdown signal to the smoke generator through the PLC, and stopping smoking of the smoke generator;
step four: sending an opening signal to the electric stop valve through the PLC, so that the electric stop valve is opened, sending a starting signal to the air pump through the PLC, and inputting smoke in the normal-pressure smoke box into the high-pressure smoke box through the air pump;
step five: when a pressure sensor in the high-pressure smoke box detects that the pressure in the high-pressure smoke box reaches a set value, a closing signal is sent to the electric stop valve through the PLC, meanwhile, a shutdown signal is sent to the air pump through the PLC, and the smoke filling of the high-pressure smoke box is finished;
step six: when the airflow of the wind tunnel experiment is regulated stably, the PLC receives a smoke spraying signal of the computer, sends a retraction action execution signal to the electric push rod by the PLC, lifts the movable orifice plate upwards through the retraction action of the electric push rod to enable the fixed orifice plate to be communicated with all smoke line spray holes on the movable orifice plate, at the moment, smoke in the high-pressure smoke box is sprayed out through the smoke line spray holes to form two high-pressure smoke lines, and simultaneously, the flow display measurement work is started;
step seven: after the flow display measurement work is finished, the PLC receives a smoke spraying end signal of the computer, sends an extending action execution signal to the electric push rod by the PLC, enables the movable orifice plate to return downwards to the original position through the extending action of the electric push rod, and enables the fixed orifice plate to plug all smoke line spray orifices on the movable orifice plate;
step eight: and repeating the second step to the seventh step, and carrying out the next flow display experiment.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910233055.XA CN109990970B (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Flow display smoke line device and method |
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| CN201910233055.XA CN109990970B (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Flow display smoke line device and method |
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| CN109990970A CN109990970A (en) | 2019-07-09 |
| CN109990970B true CN109990970B (en) | 2020-12-15 |
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| CN110726525B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2021-06-22 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Portable smoke flow device |
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| CN1900671A (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2007-01-24 | 湖南大学 | Test device for wind tunnel color smoke flow |
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Effective date of registration: 20210511 Address after: 330200 no.2377 hanghanghangcheng Avenue, high tech Zone, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province Patentee after: Jiangxi Zhongfa Tianxin Aero Engine Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 110136, Liaoning, Shenyang moral and Economic Development Zone, No. 37 South Avenue moral Patentee before: SHENYANG AEROSPACE University |
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Denomination of invention: A flow display smoke line device and method Granted publication date: 20201215 Pledgee: CITIC Bank Nanchang branch of Limited by Share Ltd. Pledgor: Jiangxi Zhongfa Tianxin Aero Engine Technology Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980008468 |