CN109985890B - Method for fully recovering domestic garbage and processing domestic garbage into agricultural and livestock products, medicament thereof and prepared products - Google Patents
Method for fully recovering domestic garbage and processing domestic garbage into agricultural and livestock products, medicament thereof and prepared products Download PDFInfo
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- CN109985890B CN109985890B CN201811502244.4A CN201811502244A CN109985890B CN 109985890 B CN109985890 B CN 109985890B CN 201811502244 A CN201811502244 A CN 201811502244A CN 109985890 B CN109985890 B CN 109985890B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The invention has disclosed a method for recycling and processing the domestic rubbish into the agricultural and animal products totally and medicament and products made, the invention adopts "all recycle + agricultural and animal products produce" the prepositive implantation processing utilization mode and technology, it is a brand-new rubbish processing mode-all processing utilization mode, said method utilizes the physical and chemical effects of the medicament, 1) to the recoverable thing in the rubbish, wash and reclaim, relatively raise the proportion of the nutrient component of the rubbish; 2) the medicament adsorbs and exchanges to obtain organic nutrient components in the garbage, and after the organic nutrient components are enriched and concentrated, the medicament can be converted into agricultural and livestock products, and the agricultural and livestock products can be further processed into the agricultural and livestock products meeting the national standards or the industrial standards of the agricultural and livestock products. Therefore, the agricultural and livestock products obtained by the invention can assist agricultural and livestock production, and the agricultural and livestock production serves human life, so that the processing and utilization of the domestic garbage and the human life are connected to form a harmonious environmental ecological relationship, and the productization and the non-quantification of the domestic garbage can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of resident domestic garbage treatment, in particular to a method for fully recycling and processing domestic garbage into agricultural and livestock products, a medicament for fully recycling and processing domestic garbage into agricultural and livestock products, a processed product and application of the product in agricultural and livestock products.
Background
With the improvement of the living standard of people, more and more domestic garbage are generated by residents in daily life. The common treatment means of the garbage is landfill, the land occupation is difficult to maintain for a long time, and huge secondary environmental pollution is caused. The incineration treatment of the garbage also causes huge environmental pollution, and the energy consumption is high and resources are consumed. The domestic garbage is only one representation of the tail end of the human basic survival chain, and can be completely returned to the top end of the human basic survival chain through the recovery and treatment of the garbage by technical means, so that a complete chain is formed, and the circulation provides powerful guarantee for the human basic survival.
Chinese patent application No. 200610036156.0 (5/6/2009-grant publication date) discloses a comprehensive treatment method for construction waste, which comprises the following treatment steps: properly crushing the construction waste, sorting and detecting impurities such as metal, bamboo, wood, plastic and the like in the construction waste, then pouring the residual materials into a cleaning pool with a three-level layered grid sieve frame, cleaning with water and stirring, separating the materials into silt, medium and small-particle gravel particles and large-block materials from bottom to top after the materials are screened by the three-level layered grid sieve frame, and discharging the silt in a layered manner, wherein the silt is further separated into mud, sand and gravel particles through a multi-level mechanical sorting and screening production line; sending the separated large block-shaped material to a crusher for crushing, and classifying and screening the crushed material by a three-stage sieve frame to separate the crushed material into powder and small, medium and large-particle gravel particles; the separated mud is conveyed into a sedimentation tank for sedimentation and dried into high-quality clay, and the water is discharged into a circulating tank for recycling. The patent mentions the process of crushing, sorting, cleaning, screening, separating, precipitating and finally obtaining clay, and the patent only aims at the construction waste, the components of the construction waste are single, and the clay component in the construction waste is obtained through a series of treatment means of the method. However, the method has larger limitation, the clinker ingredients of the construction waste are main, the clay ingredients are few, the clay price is not high, and the recycling value is low; secondly, the recovery cost is too high, and the clay is mixed with a large amount of cement and plaster, so that the subsequent separation cannot be carried out. Eventually, landfills or incineration are required.
Chinese patent application No. 201110085970.2 (grant publication date 2014, 1 month and 8 days) discloses a method for producing recycled plastic granules from sludge of garbage, which comprises the following steps: loading the garbage into a cooking pot, introducing water vapor to cook the garbage under certain pressure to change the perishable garbage into slurry, and then discharging the slurry into a water separation pool; the garbage in the water separation pool is divided into three layers according to different specific gravity: the upper layer is light garbage, the middle layer is slurry, and the bottom layer is heavy garbage; carrying out filter pressing and dehydration on the mud (or pouring the mud into a water separation pool to be mixed with the mud) to form mud cakes; cleaning and spin-drying the light garbage, coarsely crushing the light garbage and mud cakes together, and then feeding the light garbage into a high-speed crusher to be crushed into powder; drying the powder, adding a plastic additive (or adding other plastics to meet the functional requirements of the regenerated plastics), uniformly mixing, and then feeding into a screw extrusion granulator for granulation, thereby producing the regenerated plastic granules. The method comprises the steps of cooking the garbage, converting perishable components in the garbage into slurry, carrying out water separation, dehydrating, crushing and finally granulating. The patent only treats perishable components in the garbage, has larger limitation, and the finally obtained regenerated plastic granules have unknown components, are fake and inferior due to the doped sludge components, have the problems of secondary pollution and safety, and finally need to be buried or incinerated.
Chinese patent application No. cn201310694043.x (9/2/2015 grant) discloses a method for producing a novel fertilizer by resource utilization of kitchen waste, comprising the following steps: (1) washing kitchen garbage with weak alkali waste liquid, and softening and presoaking; (2) hydraulic crushing; (3) squeezing and screening; (4) heating the screened solid; (5) filtering; (6) mixing the filtrate with the filtrate after the first cleaning, adding a self-selected strain, and fermenting; (7) and (4) adjusting the concentration of the fermented feed liquid, and spraying and granulating to produce the novel fertilizer. The novel fertilizer is produced by resource utilization of the kitchen garbage by a biochemical method, the cost of kitchen garbage treatment is reduced, the economic benefit is good, the product quality is superior to (conforms to) the national standard, and the novel fertilizer has higher practical popularization value. But the method adds the strains into the filtrate for utilization, and the solid part is not utilized; only aiming at pure kitchen garbage, and not considering various impurity factors and oil stain problems in the kitchen garbage; the treatment process adds a solid heating method, increases the heating cost and has the problem of secondary pollution. Eventually, landfills or incineration are required.
Chinese patent with application number 200510021344.1 (published: 2006, 3, 29) discloses modified bentonite for treating landfill leachate and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: 1) crushing raw bentonite ore, and adding water to prepare slurry; 2) dissolving soluble salt in water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a soluble salt solution with the mass concentration of 5-60%; 3) adding a soluble salt solution into the bentonite slurry, fully mixing the soluble salt solution and the bentonite slurry, adjusting the pH value of the obtained mixed solution to 5-9, and ageing the mixed solution; 4) heating the aged mixed solution to 60-100 ℃ for further reaction, wherein the heating reaction time is 8-24 hours; 5) and drying the heated mixed solution to obtain the modified bentonite for treating the landfill leachate. The bentonite existing in the method is only used for treating the landfill leachate, and other organic and inorganic components in the treated garbage are not involved. Eventually, landfills or incineration are required.
Chinese patent application No. 201510604166.9 (published: 2016, 1, 6) provides a method for treating domestic waste, which comprises: (1) dehydrating the household garbage to obtain bulk materials and water; (2) carrying out magnetic separation on the bulk materials so as to obtain ferrous metals and the bulk materials subjected to magnetic separation; (3) crushing the bulk material subjected to magnetic separation so as to obtain crushed bulk material; (4) sorting the crushed bulk material to obtain inorganic garbage and organic garbage; (5) drying the organic waste to obtain dried organic waste; (6) mixing the dried organic garbage with straws, coal, calcium additives and bentonite, and molding the obtained mixture to obtain a garbage derived fuel rod; (7) gasifying the refuse derived fuel rods to obtain combustible gas and solid residue. However, this method has the following problems: (1) only the moisture of the household garbage is considered, but a large amount of ubiquitous oil stains are not considered; (2) the bulk materials are magnetically separated, only ferrous metals are considered, and non-magnetic metals such as non-ferrous metals and stainless steel which cannot be magnetically separated are not considered; (3) the cost required by drying and vaporizing the garbage is high, and the safety problems of high temperature and high vaporizing pressure are serious; (4) the residue generated after the gasification of the fuel rod has no longer biological activity due to high-temperature sterilization, can not be used as organic fertilizer or fertilizer preparation, is solid waste which needs to be treated again, and causes secondary pollution. Eventually, landfills or incineration are required.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a chemical for recycling and processing domestic garbage into agricultural and livestock products, which can process domestic garbage into products on site (in a small area) by a chemical-physical method, so as to achieve non-quantification and zero pollution of domestic garbage of residents, and simultaneously achieve virtuous cycle between domestic garbage and human life using the products of the present invention as carriers.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a medicament for fully recycling and processing domestic garbage into agricultural and livestock products, and the specific method is as follows:
a medicament for fully recycling household garbage and processing the household garbage into agricultural and livestock products comprises the following components in parts by weight: sodium bentonite: 30-85%; calcium bentonite: 0 to 50 percent; acidifying modified bentonite: 0 to 10 percent; charcoal: 0 to 15 percent; plant ash: 0 to 10 percent; humic acid: 0 to 5 percent; calcium hydroxide: 0 to 0.7 percent;
the sodium bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: na (Na)2O: 0.2-10%, 10-85% of montmorillonite, 25-35g/100g of blue absorption rate, no less than 300% of expansion rate, fineness: 200-300 mesh, pH value: 6.3-7.5; the calcium bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-80% of montmorillonite, and fineness: 200-300 mesh, pH value 6.3-7.0; the acidified modified bentonite is prepared by acidifying calcium bentonite with acid, and the pH value is 5.3-6.0.
Preferably, the medicament comprises the following components in parts by weight: sodium bentonite: 55 percent; calcium bentonite: 25 percent; acidifying modified bentonite: 6 percent; charcoal: 7 percent; plant ash: 5 percent; humic acid: 2.5 percent; calcium hydroxide: 0.5 percent;
the sodium bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: na (Na)2O: 0.2 percent, 55 percent of montmorillonite, 30g/100g of blue absorption rate, no less than 300 percent of expansion rate and fineness: 200 mesh, pH: 6.5; the calcium bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60% of montmorillonite, and fineness: 200 meshes and the pH value is 6.0; the acidified modified bentonite is prepared by acidifying calcium bentonite with acid, and the pH value is 5.3.
The acidified modified bentonite can be obtained by acidifying 20% of dilute hydrochloric acid by mass fraction; more preferably, the acetic acid with the mass fraction of 15-30% is used for acidification, and the acetic acid is natural acid, so that the acetic acid has better safety and is safer for agricultural and livestock products.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for fully recycling and processing domestic garbage into agricultural and livestock products by using a medicament, the method is a processing and utilizing mode of 'fully recycling and agricultural and livestock product production' prepositive implantation of domestic garbage (treatment), and realizes a treatment process without quantification of the domestic garbage, and the specific method is as follows:
the treatment process for realizing zero emission without garbage classification by using the medicament comprises the following steps:
(1) processing the household garbage into fragments with the diameter of 50-100 mm;
(2) separating the processed household garbage fragments, removing impurities such as metal, glass and the like in a recovery mode, adding the medicament into the obtained household garbage fragments, stirring and uniformly mixing the medicament and garbage leachate to form slurry, and reacting for at least 15 min;
(3) enriching and concentrating the mixture of the garbage fragments obtained in the step (2) and the reaction slurry to form compact hard block particles;
(4) beating (grinding) the hard block particles obtained in the step (3) into fine powder, wherein the proportion of the fine powder with the fineness of 0.2-1 mm in the fine powder is not less than 90%;
(5) removing impurities (recyclable matters) in a free state, namely plastics, rubber, cloth and the like, in the fine powder obtained in the step (4) in a recycling mode to obtain concentrated garbage powder containing organic nutrient components;
(6) and (4) grinding the garbage powder enriched with organic nutrient components in the step (5) into fine powder with the fineness of 200-500 meshes.
Preferably, step (6) is followed by the following steps: detecting the fine garbage powder obtained in the step (6), and if the product quality meets the national NY525-2012 standard, using the fine garbage powder as an organic fertilizer additive and feed; otherwise, the fertilizer can be used as soil, organic soil, soil matrix, nutrient soil and fertilizer carrier for desert control; recycling to the step (2) to be used repeatedly as the medicament, wherein the recycling does not meet the national NY525-2012 standard; or as deep processing raw material of agricultural and animal husbandry products.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, in the step (1), the fragments have a diameter of 60-80 mm, more preferably 70mm, and are processed into fragments to increase the specific surface area of the garbage, enhance the subsequent garbage reaction effect and shorten the subsequent garbage reaction time;
as a more preferable scheme of the present invention, in the step (2), the adding amount of the medicament is 1: 12-17, and preferably controlling the water content in the reaction system to be 9 times of the weight of the medicament after the medicament is added. If the domestic garbage contains no water, the mass ratio of the medicament to the water is 1: 9, preparing suspension slurry, putting the suspension slurry into a garbage reaction box in advance, and then carrying out effective reaction on 10 kilograms of slurry and 12-17 kilograms of garbage.
As a further preferable scheme of the present invention, in the step (2), the reaction time is 15 minutes, and is optimally 15 minutes, the mixture of the garbage fragments and the reaction slurry is obtained through the reaction, the medicament reaction can enrich the organic substances free in the garbage, and the recyclable matters in the garbage are cleaned through friction, so that the problems of garbage seepage and foul smell secondary pollution are solved.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, in the step (5), the recyclable material is plastic, crumb rubber, or shredded leather.
In the invention, the concentration in the step (3) aims at removing water, concentrating the content of organic nutrient components and facilitating the subsequent levigating process; the purpose of grinding into fine powder in the step (4) is to enable impurities or recyclable matters (such as plastic sheets, rubber particles and leather scraps) to be in a free state; in the step (5), the fine powder is ground into fine powder of 200-500 meshes, preferably 200 meshes, so that the appearance granularity of the fine garbage powder is uniform, the specific surface area is further increased, the fine garbage powder is prevented from being agglomerated when meeting water in actual use, and the applicability of the product is improved.
The invention also aims to provide the agricultural and livestock products prepared by the method.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the agricultural and livestock products as organic fertilizer additives, feeds, soil conditioners or soil matrixes, or as deep processing raw materials of the agricultural and livestock products.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention utilizes the medicament, and adopts a processing and utilizing mode and technology of prepositive implantation of domestic garbage (treatment) in 'full recovery and agricultural and livestock industry product production'. The process has the advantages of simple technology, practicality, strong operability, small investment, strong adaptability and good effect, and can be used both domestically and abroad.
Because the fuzzy garbage disposal is adopted, a front garbage classification link is not needed, and a large amount of manpower and material resources in garbage classification are saved. Meanwhile, the product obtained by the technology assists in agricultural and livestock production, serves human needs, and is circulated to form a harmonious ecological environment.
The invention provides a third disposal mode of the conventional domestic garbage except landfill and incineration, namely a processing and utilizing mode and technology of pre-implanting the domestic garbage (treatment) in a mode of 'full recovery + production of agricultural and livestock products', thereby realizing the productization, non-quantification and harmless treatment of the domestic garbage. The secondary pollution problem of the garbage landfill and incineration treatment mode is solved, and the land resource is saved.
Drawings
In order to make the object, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention more clear, the invention provides the following drawings for explanation:
FIG. 1 is a picture of domestic waste before treatment;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of oil analysis and recovery in garbage;
FIG. 3 is a mixture of waste pieces and reaction slurry;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a dense hard mass of a mixture of waste chips and reaction slurry;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of grinding hard particles into fine powder with a rod.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can practice the present invention, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
A treatment process for realizing zero emission without garbage classification comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the household garbage (figure 1) which is not classified by residents is put into a garbage can type tearing machine to be processed into fragments with the diameter of 70mm, the garbage naturally falls into a containing box, and oil (oil dirt) and various liquids possibly fall into the containing box, the garbage is processed into the fragments to increase the specific surface area of the garbage, reduce the occupied space of the garbage, reduce the subsequent clearing frequency, enhance the subsequent garbage reaction effect and shorten the subsequent garbage reaction time;
note: 1. the samples of the household garbage of the unclassified residents are collected in the following steps: kai 99 Xinchengchun and staff life facilities of the precision machinery Limited company in Hangzhou, Zhejiang;
2. collecting weight of the household garbage samples of the unclassified residents: 1000 g;
3. sample components (by weight) of the unsorted resident household garbage: oil and water: 34 percent; plastic: 25% of kitchen waste: 30 percent; metal + glass: 1 percent; paper: 7 percent; and (3) the other: 3 percent;
(2) separating the processed domestic garbage by vibration sieving, wherein the size of a sieve mesh is about 70mm, sieving garbage fragments by a mesh sieve in a vibration mode, removing impurities such as metal and glass in a recovery mode, then adding a medicament into the obtained garbage fragments, separating out and recovering oil content (figure 2), mixing and stirring, and then carrying out static reaction for 15min to obtain a mixture of the garbage fragments and reaction slurry (figure 3), wherein the medicament reaction aims at enriching organic matters dissociated in the garbage by ion exchange reaction, physical and chemical adsorption, cleaning recovered matters, moisture and odor in the garbage, and enabling the garbage fragments to pass through the mesh sieve, and the garbage fragments directly fall into a garbage reaction box because the garbage fragments contain mixed oil, water, excrement and the like, so that the secondary pollution problems of garbage seepage and odor are solved;
the formula of the medicament is as follows:
the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: sodium bentonite: 55 percent; calcium bentonite: 25 percent; acidifying modified bentonite: 6 percent;
the sodium bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: na (Na)2O: 0.2 percent, 55 percent of montmorillonite, 30g/100g of blue absorption rate, no less than 300 percent of expansion rate and fineness: 200 mesh, pH: 6.5; the calcium bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60% of montmorillonite, and fineness: 200 meshes and the pH value is 6.0; the acidified modified bentonite is obtained by acidifying calcium bentonite with 20% diluted hydrochloric acid, and the pH value is 5.3.
(the agent used in this example did not contain charcoal, plant ash, humic acid, calcium hydroxide)
(3) Concentrating the mixture of the garbage fragments obtained in step (2) and the reaction slurry to form compact hard blocks (figure 4) for implanting organic nutrients into the medicament and simultaneously facilitating the subsequent grinding of the garbage, (natural concentration is adopted in the concentration, and the reaction product is naturally evaporated under the sun for 2 days).
(4) Grinding the hard blocks obtained in the step (3) into fine powder by using a rod (figure 5), wherein the fine powder with the fineness of 0.5mm accounts for not less than 90%; making the impurities in the garbage, namely recoverable matters (such as plastic sheets, colloidal particles, leather scraps and hard paper sheets) into a free state;
(5) recovering the free impurities in the fine powder obtained in the step (4), namely recoverable matters and garbage powder implanted with organic nutrient components; the impurities-recoverable matters refer to plastic sheets, colloidal particles and leather scraps;
(6) and (3) further grinding the garbage powder rich in organic matters in the step (5) into fine powder with the fineness of 300 meshes, so that residual glass, cloth pieces, bones, stones and other substances which are difficult to grind in the garbage powder can be further ground into the components of the garbage powder product instead of impurities (such as glass, and the main component is silicon dioxide). The specific surface area of the garbage fine powder is increased while the garbage fine powder is further ground, the product effect (such as the water and fertilizer fixing effect of soil) is improved, and the product applicability is improved;
(7) and (4) detecting the fine garbage powder obtained in the step (6), and detecting indexes such as organic matters, total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide), pH value, water and the like, wherein the results are as follows:
the product quality meeting the national NY525-2012 standard is used as an organic fertilizer additive, a feed additive, soil for desert control, organic soil, a soil matrix, nutrient soil and a fertilizer carrier; recycling to the step (2) to be used repeatedly as the medicament, wherein the recycling does not meet the national NY525-2012 standard; or as deep processing raw material of agricultural and animal husbandry products.
In this embodiment, the full-closed full-automatic mechanical garbage dispenser is used to unclassified domestic garbage, and the input of resident garbage is directly accomodate in 24 hours in fixed place, and this garbage dispenser deals with the resident input garbage and does not have classification and dry and wet requirement (except dangerous waste). The garbage can type tearing machine adopts asymmetric blades to cut garbage at multiple angles, and can also break the garbage into pieces through a double-shaft crusher, a three-shaft crusher and a four-shaft crusher.
Example 2
A treatment process for realizing zero emission without garbage classification comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the household garbage which is not classified by residents is thrown into a garbage can type tearing machine to be processed into fragments with the diameter of 50mm, the garbage naturally falls into a containing box, and oil (oil dirt) and various liquids possibly fall into the containing box, and the garbage is processed into the fragments to increase the specific surface area of the garbage, reduce the occupied space of the garbage, reduce the subsequent clearing frequency, enhance the subsequent garbage reaction effect and shorten the subsequent garbage reaction time;
note: 1. the samples of the household garbage of the unclassified residents are collected in the following steps: kai 99 Xinchengchun and staff life facilities of the precision machinery Limited company in Hangzhou, Zhejiang;
2. collecting weight of the household garbage samples of the unclassified residents: 1000 g;
3. sample components (by weight) of the unsorted resident household garbage: oil and water: 35 percent; plastic: 24% of kitchen waste: 31.5 percent; metal + glass: 1.5 percent; paper: 6 percent; and (3) the other: 2 percent;
(2) separating the processed domestic garbage by vibration sieving, wherein the size of a sieve mesh is about 50mm, sieving garbage fragments by a sieve mesh in a left-right reciprocating motion mode, recovering metals, then adding a medicament into the rest domestic garbage, mixing and stirring, and carrying out static reaction for 15min to obtain a mixture of the garbage fragments and reaction slurry, wherein the medicament reaction aims at enriching organic matters dissociating in the garbage by means of ion exchange reaction, strong physical and chemical adsorption and strong water swelling, so that inorganic matters in the garbage are clean, the organic matters are solid, water is solid and odor is solid, finally cleaning the objects to be recovered in the garbage, passing the garbage fragments through the sieve mesh, and directly falling into a garbage reaction box because the garbage fragments contain mixed oil, water, excrement and the like, so that the problems of garbage seepage and odor secondary pollution are solved;
the formula of the medicament is as follows:
the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: sodium bentonite: 30 percent; acidifying modified bentonite: 10 percent; charcoal: 15 percent; plant ash: 10 percent; humic acid: 5 percent; calcium hydroxide: 0.7 percent;
the sodium bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: na (Na)2O: 0.2 percent of montmorillonite, 85 percent of blue absorption rate of 35g/100g, expansion rate of not less than 300 percent, fineness: 300 mesh, pH: 6.3; the acidified modified bentonite is obtained by acidifying calcium bentonite with 20% acetic acid, and the pH value is 5.3.
(3) Concentrating the mixture of the garbage fragments obtained in the step (2) and the reaction slurry to form compact hard blocks to remove moisture and increase the content of organic matters, and simultaneously facilitating the subsequent grinding of the garbage, wherein the concentration adopts natural concentration, and the reaction product is dried for 2 hours at 100 ℃ by using an oven;
(4) grinding the hard block particles obtained in the step (3) into fine powder by using a rod, wherein the fine powder with the fineness of 0.2mm accounts for not less than 90%; so that the impurities (and also the objects to be recovered, such as plastic sheets, rubber particles, leather scraps and hard paper sheets) are in a free state;
(5) recovering the free recoverable substances and the garbage powder rich in organic matters in the fine powder obtained in the step (4); the recyclable materials are plastic sheets, colloidal particles and leather scraps;
(6) and (3) further grinding the garbage powder rich in organic matters in the step (5) into fine powder with the fineness of 200 meshes, so that glass, cloth pieces, bones, stones and other substances which are difficult to grind in the garbage powder can be further ground into the components of the garbage powder product, but not impurities (for example, the glass, the main component is silicon dioxide, and if the glass is not ground, the product impurities are ground into the product components, namely silicon dioxide). The specific surface area of the garbage fine powder is increased while the garbage fine powder is further ground, the product effect is improved, the appearance granularity of the garbage fine powder is uniform, the specific surface area is further increased, the garbage fine powder is prevented from being agglomerated when meeting water in actual use, and the product applicability is improved;
(7) and (4) detecting the fine garbage powder obtained in the step (6), and detecting indexes such as organic matters, total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide), pH value, water and the like, wherein the results are as follows:
the product quality meeting the national NY525-2012 standard is used as an organic fertilizer additive, a feed additive, soil for desert control, organic soil, a soil matrix, nutrient soil and a fertilizer carrier; recycling to the step (2) to be used repeatedly as the medicament, wherein the recycling does not meet the national NY525-2012 standard; or as deep processing raw material of agricultural and animal husbandry products.
In this embodiment, the full-closed full-automatic mechanical garbage dispenser is used to unclassified domestic garbage, and the input of resident garbage is directly accomodate in 24 hours in fixed place, and this garbage dispenser deals with the resident input garbage and does not have classification and dry and wet requirement (except dangerous waste). The garbage can type tearing machine adopts asymmetric blades to cut garbage at multiple angles, and can also break the garbage into pieces through a double-shaft crusher, a three-shaft crusher and a four-shaft crusher.
Example 3
A treatment process for realizing zero emission without garbage classification comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the household garbage which is not classified by residents is thrown into a garbage can type tearing machine to be processed into fragments with the diameter of 100mm, the garbage naturally falls into a containing box, and oil (oil dirt) and various liquids possibly fall into the containing box, and the garbage is processed into the fragments to increase the specific surface area of the garbage, reduce the occupied space of the garbage, reduce the subsequent clearing frequency, enhance the subsequent garbage reaction effect and shorten the subsequent garbage reaction time;
note: 1. the samples of the household garbage of the unclassified residents are collected in the following steps: kai 99 Xinchengchun and staff life facilities of the precision machinery Limited company in Hangzhou, Zhejiang;
2. collecting weight of the household garbage samples of the unclassified residents: 1000 g;
3. sample components (by weight) of the unsorted resident household garbage: oil and water: 30 percent; plastic: 26% of kitchen waste: 33%; metal + glass: 3 percent; paper: 5 percent; and (3) the other: 3 percent;
(2) separating the processed domestic garbage by vibration sieving, wherein the size of a sieve mesh is about 100mm, sieving garbage fragments by a sieve mesh in a left-right reciprocating motion mode, recovering metals, then adding a medicament into the rest domestic garbage, mixing and stirring, and carrying out static reaction 40 to obtain a mixture of the garbage fragments and reaction slurry, wherein the medicament reaction aims at enriching organic matters dissociating in the garbage by means of ion exchange reaction, strong physical and chemical adsorption and strong water swelling, so that inorganic matters in the garbage are clean, the organic matters are kept solid, water is kept solid and odor is kept solid, finally, objects to be recovered in the garbage are cleaned, and the garbage fragments pass through the sieve mesh, fall into a garbage reaction box directly because the garbage fragments contain mixed oil, water, excrement and the like, so that the problems of garbage seepage and odor secondary pollution are solved;
the formula of the medicament is as follows:
the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: sodium bentonite: 85 percent; calcium bentonite: 50 percent; charcoal: 8 percent; plant ash: 5 percent; humic acid: 3 percent; calcium hydroxide: 0.5 percent;
the sodium bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: na (Na)2O: 10 percent of montmorillonite, 10 percent of blue absorption rate of 25g/100g, expansion rate of not less than 300 percent, fineness: 200 mesh, pH: 7.5; the calcium bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: montmorillonite 20%, fineness: 300 meshes and pH value of 6.3;
(3) concentrating the mixture of the garbage fragments obtained in the step (2) and the reaction slurry to form compact hard blocks to remove moisture and increase the content of organic matters, and simultaneously facilitating the subsequent grinding of the garbage, wherein the concentration adopts natural concentration, and the reaction product is naturally dried for 6 days;
(4) grinding the hard block particles obtained in the step (3) into fine powder by using a rod, wherein the fine powder with the fineness of 1mm accounts for not less than 90%; so that the impurities (and also the objects to be recovered, such as plastic sheets, rubber particles, leather scraps and hard paper sheets) are in a free state;
(5) recovering the free recoverable substances and the garbage powder rich in organic matters in the fine powder obtained in the step (4); the recyclable materials are plastic sheets, colloidal particles and leather scraps;
(6) and (3) further grinding the garbage powder rich in organic matters in the step (5) into fine powder with the fineness of 500 meshes, so that glass, cloth pieces, bones, stones and other substances which are difficult to grind in the garbage powder can be further ground into the components of the garbage powder product, but not impurities (for example, the glass, the main component is silicon dioxide, and if the glass is not ground, the product impurities are ground into the product components, namely silicon dioxide). The specific surface area of the garbage fine powder is increased while the garbage fine powder is further ground, the product effect is improved, the appearance granularity of the garbage fine powder is uniform, the specific surface area is further increased, the garbage fine powder is prevented from being agglomerated when meeting water in actual use, and the product applicability is improved;
(7) and (4) detecting the fine garbage powder obtained in the step (6), and detecting indexes such as organic matters, total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide), pH value, water and the like, wherein the results are as follows:
the product quality meeting the national NY525-2012 standard is used as an organic fertilizer additive, a feed additive, soil for desert control, organic soil, a soil matrix, nutrient soil and a fertilizer carrier; recycling to the step (2) to be used repeatedly as the medicament, wherein the recycling does not meet the national NY525-2012 standard; or as deep processing raw material of agricultural and animal husbandry products.
In this embodiment, the full-closed full-automatic mechanical garbage dispenser is used to unclassified domestic garbage, and the input of resident garbage is directly accomodate in 24 hours in fixed place, and this garbage dispenser deals with the resident input garbage and does not have classification and dry and wet requirement (except dangerous waste). The garbage can type tearing machine adopts asymmetric blades to cut garbage at multiple angles, and can also break the garbage into pieces through a double-shaft crusher, a three-shaft crusher and a four-shaft crusher.
Example 4
A treatment process for realizing zero emission without garbage classification comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the household garbage which is not classified by residents is thrown into a garbage can type tearing machine to be processed into fragments with the diameter of 60mm, the garbage naturally falls into a containing box, and oil (oil dirt) and various liquids possibly fall into the containing box, and the garbage is processed into the fragments to increase the specific surface area of the garbage, reduce the occupied space of the garbage, reduce the subsequent clearing frequency, enhance the subsequent garbage reaction effect and shorten the subsequent garbage reaction time;
note: 1. the samples of the household garbage of the unclassified residents are collected in the following steps: kai 99 Xinchengchun and staff life facilities of the precision machinery Limited company in Hangzhou, Zhejiang;
2. collecting weight of the household garbage samples of the unclassified residents: 1000 g;
3. sample components (by weight) of the unsorted resident household garbage: oil and water: 39 percent; plastic: 10% of kitchen waste: 42%; metal + glass: 2 percent; paper: 5 percent; and (3) the other: 2 percent;
(2) separating the processed domestic garbage by vibration sieving, wherein the size of a sieve mesh is about 60mm, sieving garbage fragments by a sieve mesh in a left-right reciprocating motion mode, recovering metals, then adding a medicament into the rest domestic garbage, mixing and stirring, and carrying out static reaction for 60 minutes to obtain a mixture of the garbage fragments and reaction slurry, wherein the medicament reaction aims at enriching organic matters dissociating in the garbage by means of ion exchange reaction, strong physical and chemical adsorption and strong water swelling, so that inorganic matters in the garbage are clean, the organic matters are solid, water is solid and odor is solid, finally cleaning the objects to be recovered in the garbage, passing the garbage fragments through the sieve mesh, and directly falling into a garbage reaction box because the garbage fragments contain mixed oil, water, excrement and the like, so that the problems of garbage seepage and odor secondary pollution are solved;
the formula of the medicament is as follows:
the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: sodium bentonite: 60 percent; calcium bentonite: 30 percent; acidifying modified bentonite: 5 percent; charcoal: 10 percent; plant ash: 8 percent; humic acid: 1 percent; calcium hydroxide: 0.2 percent;
the sodium bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: na (Na)2O: 3 percent of montmorillonite, 30 percent of blue absorption rate of 28g/100g, expansion rate of not less than 300 percent, fineness: 250 mesh, pH value: 7; the calcium bentonite comprises the following components in parts by weight: montmorillonite (montmorillonite)80%, fineness: 250 meshes and pH value of 7.0; the acidified modified bentonite is obtained by acidifying calcium bentonite with 20% diluted hydrochloric acid, and the pH value is 5.3-6.0;
(3) concentrating the mixture of the garbage fragments obtained in the step (2) and the reaction slurry to form compact hard blocks to remove moisture and increase the content of organic matters, and simultaneously facilitating the subsequent grinding of the garbage, wherein the reaction product is naturally concentrated at 25 ℃ for 12 hours;
(4) grinding the hard blocks obtained in the step (3) into fine powder by using a rod, wherein the fine powder with the fineness of 0.2-1 mm accounts for not less than 90%; so that the impurities (and also the objects to be recovered, such as plastic sheets, rubber particles, leather scraps and hard paper sheets) are in a free state;
(5) recovering the free recoverable substances and the garbage powder rich in organic matters in the fine powder obtained in the step (4); the recyclable materials are plastic sheets, colloidal particles and leather scraps;
(6) and (3) further grinding the garbage powder rich in organic matters in the step (5) into fine powder with the fineness of 500 meshes, so that glass, cloth pieces, bones, stones and other substances which are difficult to grind in the garbage powder can be further ground into the components of the garbage powder product, but not impurities (for example, the glass, the main component is silicon dioxide, and if the glass is not ground, the product impurities are ground into the product components, namely silicon dioxide). The specific surface area of the garbage fine powder is increased while the garbage fine powder is further ground, the product effect is improved, the appearance granularity of the garbage fine powder is uniform, the specific surface area is further increased, the garbage fine powder is prevented from being agglomerated when meeting water in actual use, and the product applicability is improved;
(7) and (4) detecting the fine garbage powder obtained in the step (6), and detecting indexes such as organic matters, total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide), pH values, water and the like, wherein the detection results are as follows:
the product quality meeting the national NY525-2012 standard is used as an organic fertilizer additive, a feed additive, soil for desert control, organic soil, a soil matrix, nutrient soil and a fertilizer carrier; recycling to the step (2) to be used repeatedly as the medicament, wherein the recycling does not meet the national NY525-2012 standard; or as deep processing raw material of agricultural and animal husbandry products.
In this embodiment, the full-closed full-automatic mechanical garbage dispenser is used to unclassified domestic garbage, and the input of resident garbage is directly accomodate in 24 hours in fixed place, and this garbage dispenser deals with the resident input garbage and does not have classification and dry and wet requirement (except dangerous waste). The garbage can type tearing machine adopts asymmetric blades to cut garbage at multiple angles, and can also break the garbage into pieces through a double-shaft crusher, a three-shaft crusher and a four-shaft crusher.
The embodiment of the invention only takes the domestic garbage of Xinchengchun No. 99 in Hangzhou province in Zhejiang province as an example, and the aims of the invention can be achieved by domestic garbage with different components in other places.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The medicament for completely recycling the household garbage is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: the medicament comprises the following components in parts by weight: sodium bentonite: 30-85%; calcium bentonite: 0 to 50 percent; acidifying modified bentonite: 0 to 10 percent; charcoal: 0 to 15 percent; plant ash: 0 to 10 percent; humic acid: 0 to 5 percent; calcium hydroxide: 0 to 0.7 percent; the indexes of the sodium bentonite are as follows: na (Na)2O: 0.2-10% of mass fraction, 10-85% of montmorillonite mass fraction, 25-35g/100g of blue absorption amount, no less than 300% of expansion rate and fineness: 200-300 mesh, pH value: 6.3-7.5; the indexes of the calcium bentonite are as follows: the mass fraction of montmorillonite is 60%, and the fineness is as follows: 200 meshes and the pH value is 6.0; the acidified modified bentonite is prepared by acidifying calcium bentonite with acid, and the pH value is 5.3-6.0.
2. A method for recycling garbage completely using the agent of claim 1, comprising the steps of: (1) processing the household garbage into fragments with the diameter of 50-100 mm; (2) vibrating and separating the processed household garbage, recovering metal and glass, adding the medicament into the household garbage, stirring and uniformly mixing, and reacting for at least 15 min; (3) concentrating the mixture of the garbage fragments obtained in the step (2) and the reaction slurry to form compact hard block particles; (4) grinding the hard block particles obtained in the step (3) into fine powder, wherein the proportion of the fine powder with the fineness of 0.2-1 mm in the fine powder is not less than 90%; (5) recovering the free recoverable substances in the fine powder obtained in the step (4) and simultaneously generating garbage powder enriched and concentrated with organic nutrient components; (6) and (4) grinding the garbage powder enriched and concentrated in the step (5) and containing the organic nutrient components into fine powder with the fineness of 200-500 meshes.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the step (1), the diameter of the fragments is 60-80 mm.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the step (2), the adding amount of the medicament is 1: 12-17.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the step (2), after the medicament is added, the water content in the reaction system is controlled to be 9 times of the weight of the medicament.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the step (2), the reaction time is 15 minutes.
7. The method according to any one of claims 2-6, wherein: the step (6) is followed by the following steps: detecting the fine garbage powder obtained in the step (6), and if the product quality meets the national NY525-2012 standard, using the fine garbage powder as an organic fertilizer additive or feed; recycling the mixture which does not meet the national NY525-2012 standard to the step (2) to be used as a medicament for repeated use or be used as a raw material for further processing agricultural and animal husbandry products.
8. A fine powder of garbage obtained by the method according to any one of claims 2 to 7.
9. The application of the fine garbage micropowder of claim 8 as an organic fertilizer additive, a soil conditioner or a soil matrix, or as a deep processing raw material of agricultural and animal husbandry products.
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