CN109983287A - Refrigerating circulatory device - Google Patents

Refrigerating circulatory device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109983287A
CN109983287A CN201780070089.0A CN201780070089A CN109983287A CN 109983287 A CN109983287 A CN 109983287A CN 201780070089 A CN201780070089 A CN 201780070089A CN 109983287 A CN109983287 A CN 109983287A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
thermal medium
heat exchanger
mode
refrigerant
refrigerant heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201780070089.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109983287B (en
Inventor
爱丽儿·马拉斯甘
加藤吉毅
三浦功嗣
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of CN109983287A publication Critical patent/CN109983287A/en
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Publication of CN109983287B publication Critical patent/CN109983287B/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
    • B60H1/32284—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising two or more secondary circuits, e.g. at evaporator and condenser side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00928—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising a secondary circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00961—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising means for defrosting outside heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2104—Temperatures of an indoor room or compartment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2106—Temperatures of fresh outdoor air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Refrigerating circulatory device has switching part (38,39), and the state which recycles thermal medium relative to the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger state recycled independently of each other and thermal medium between the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger switches over.In refrigerating circulatory device, control device (40) switches first mode and second mode, the first mode is that the first relief portion and the second relief portion operate such that refrigerant absorbs heat in outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger and switching part operates such that the mode that thermal medium recycles independently of each other relative to the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger, the second mode is that the first relief portion and the second relief portion operate such that refrigerant operates such that the mode that thermal medium recycles between the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger in heat dissipation and switching part in outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger.

Description

Refrigerating circulatory device
Related application it is cross-referenced
The application is to lead to based on the Japanese patent application 2016-222348 to file an application on November 15th, 2016 It crosses reference and the disclosure is incorporated into the application.
Technical field
The present invention relates to when the refrigerating circulatory device for the defrosting for carrying out heat exchanger when heat exchanger produces frosting.
Background technique
In the past, a kind of refrigeration cycle dress for allowing hand over heating mode and defrosting mode has been recorded in patent document 1 It sets.
In heating mode, constitute refrigerant according to compressor → condenser → first throttle valve → outdoor heat exchanger → The refrigeration cycle of liquid storage device → compressor sequence circulation, makes condenser play a role as radiator, makes outdoor heat exchanger It plays a role as evaporator.As a result, in outdoor heat exchanger, refrigerant from outer gas absorb heat, within the condenser, refrigerant to It is blown into the indoor air heat dissipation of vehicle, therefore can be to vehicle indoor heating.
In defrosting mode, refrigerant is according to compressor → condenser → first throttle valve → outdoor heat exchanger → liquid storage Device → compressor sequence circulation identical with heating mode in this way, but constitute within the condenser without heat exchange or gas system The hot gas cycle of cryogen heat absorption.It is flowed into and is radiated to outdoor heat exchanger by compressed low-voltage high-temperature refrigerant in compressor. Outdoor heat exchanger is heated and realizes the defrosting of outdoor heat exchanger as a result,.
Existing technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2015-33953 bulletin
According to the above-mentioned prior art, in heating mode, becomes the region of gas phase with refrigerant in the circulating cycle and become The region of liquid phase.In other words, in heating mode, refrigerant is undergone phase transition in the circulating cycle.
On the other hand, different from heating mode in defrosting mode, refrigerant all becomes gas in the whole region of circulation Phase.Therefore, when having carried out switching to defrosting mode from heating mode, until refrigerant becomes gas phase in the whole region of circulation Until need the time.
In addition, in the hot gas cycle of the above-mentioned prior art, it is difficult to improve the refrigerant for being flowed into outdoor heat exchanger Pressure, therefore, it is difficult to be flowed into the temperature of the refrigerant of outdoor heat exchanger and density by raising to improve defrosting ability.
Therefore, in the above prior art, defrosting can not be made to terminate as early as possible.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide the refrigeration cycle dresses that one kind can be such that defrosting terminates as early as possible It sets.
The refrigerating circulatory device of an example according to the present invention has:
Compressor, compressor sucking and discharging refrigerant；
First thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger, the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger make the system being discharged from compressor Cryogen radiates to thermal medium；
First relief portion, first relief portion make the refrigerant decompression flowed out from the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger；
Outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger, the outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger make the refrigerant flowed out from the first relief portion and outer Gas carries out heat exchange；
Second relief portion, second relief portion make the refrigerant decompression flowed out from outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger；
Second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger, the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger make to flow out from the second relief portion Refrigerant from thermal medium absorb heat；
Switching part, the switching part freeze to thermal medium relative to the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and the second thermal medium Agent heat exchanger and the state that recycles independently of each other and thermal medium are situated between in the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and the second heat The state recycled between matter refrigerant heat exchanger switches over；And
Control device, the control device switch first mode and second mode, the first mode be the first relief portion and Second relief portion operates such that refrigerant absorbs heat in outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger and switching part operates such that hot Jie The mould that matter recycles independently of each other relative to the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger Formula, the second mode are that the first relief portion and the second relief portion operate such that refrigerant in outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger It radiates and switching part operates such that thermal medium in the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and the second thermal medium refrigerant heat The mode recycled between exchanger.
As a result, in a second mode, high temperature refrigerant is flowed into outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger, therefore can be to outer gas system Cryogen heat exchanger defrosts.In addition, since refrigerant is not only undergone phase transition in the first mode, but also in a second mode Also it undergoes phase transition, therefore the defrosting of outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger can be started as early as possible in a second mode.
Moreover, making refrigerant radiate to thermal medium in the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger, and make the heat of the thermal medium It is absorbed heat in the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger by refrigerant, therefore compared with previous hot gas cycle, can flow into The pressure of the refrigerant of outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger improves.Therefore, the system of outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger can be flowed into The temperature and density of cryogen improve and terminate the defrosting of outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger as early as possible.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure figure for indicating the refrigerating circulatory device in first embodiment, shows the work of refrigeration mode Make state.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram for indicating the electrical control gear of the refrigerating circulatory device in first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the overall structure figure for indicating the refrigerating circulatory device in first embodiment, shows the work of heating mode Make state.
Fig. 4 is the overall structure figure for indicating the refrigerating circulatory device in first embodiment, shows the work of defrosting mode Make state.
Fig. 5 is the process for indicating control processing performed by the control device of the refrigerating circulatory device in first embodiment Figure.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, being illustrated based on attached drawing to embodiment.Refrigerating circulatory device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is used suitable for vehicle Air-conditioning device.Air conditioner for vehicles is the air-conditioning device by Space adjustment in car room for temperature appropriate.In present embodiment In, refrigerating circulatory device 10 is equipped on the acquisition vehicle row from engine (in other words, internal combustion engine) and driving motor The hybrid vehicle for the driving force sailed.
The hybrid vehicle of present embodiment is configured to will be from external power supply (in other words, quotient in vehicle parking With power supply) supply power charge to the battery (in other words, on-vehicle battery) for being equipped on vehicle plug-in hybrid-power automobile. As battery, it is able to use such as lithium ion battery.
The driving force exported from engine serves not only as vehicle driving and uses and use, but also for making generator work Make.Further, it is possible to put aside being put aside in battery by the electric power of electrical power generators and the electric power supplied from external power supply in electricity Electric power in pond is not only supplied to driving motor, and is supplied to being constituted with to constitute the electrodynamic type of refrigerating circulatory device 10 and set Various mobile units headed by standby.
Refrigerating circulatory device 10 is that have compressor 11, condenser 12, the first expansion valve 13, outdoor heat exchanger 14, The vapor compression refrigerator of two expansion valves 15 and evaporator 16.In the refrigerating circulatory device 10 of present embodiment, as It is subcritical no more than the critical pressure of refrigerant to constitute high-pressure side refrigerant pressure using freon class refrigerant for refrigerant Refrigeration cycle.
Compressor 11, condenser 12, the first expansion valve 13, outdoor heat exchanger 14, the second expansion valve 15 and evaporator 16 are configured in series with each other in refrigerant stream.
The motor compressor that compressor 11 is the electric power by being supplied by battery to be driven, by refrigerating circulatory device 10 Refrigerant suck and be discharged after compressing.Compressor 11 is also possible to the variable displacement compressor driven by transmission belt.
Condenser 12 is by making the cooling from the compressor 11 high-pressure side refrigerant being discharged and High-temperature cooling water loop 20 The first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger that water carries out heat exchange to condense high-pressure side refrigerant.
The cooling water of High-temperature cooling water loop 20 is the fluid as thermal medium.The cooling water of High-temperature cooling water loop 20 is High temperature thermal medium.In the present embodiment, the cooling water as High-temperature cooling water loop 20, using including at least ethylene glycol, two The liquid of methyl polysiloxane or nano-fluid uses antifreezing liquid.
First expansion valve 13 is the first relief portion for making the liquid phase refrigerant decompression expansion flowed out from condenser 12.First is swollen Swollen valve 13 is DYN dynamic variable restriction mechanism, has spool and electric actuator.It is logical that spool is configured to change refrigerant The access aperture (in other words, throttle opening) on road.Electric actuator has the stepping motor for changing the throttle opening of spool.
First expansion valve 13 is configured to the standard-sized sheet function of making refrigerant passage standard-sized sheet when making throttle opening standard-sized sheet Variable restriction mechanism.That is, the first expansion valve 13 can to subtract refrigerant and making refrigerant passage standard-sized sheet Pressure effect can not play.The work of the first expansion valve 13 is controlled according to the control signal exported from control device 40 shown in Fig. 2 Make.
Outdoor heat exchanger 14 is the outer gas system for making the refrigerant and outer gas that flow out from the first expansion valve 13 carry out heat exchange Cryogen heat exchanger.By outdoor draft fan 17, outer gas is blown into outdoor heat exchanger 14.
Outdoor draft fan 17 is the outer gas air supplying part for blowing outer gas towards outdoor heat exchanger 14.Outdoor draft fan 17 is Utilize the electric blowing machine of motor driven fan.Outdoor heat exchanger 14 and outdoor draft fan 17 configuration vehicle most before Portion.Therefore, when vehicle travels, traveling wind can be made to contact with outdoor heat exchanger 14.
When the temperature of the refrigerant to circulate in outdoor heat exchanger 14 is lower than the temperature of outer gas, outdoor heat exchanger 14 is made To make the heat of outer gas be played a role by the heat dump that refrigerant absorbs heat.When the temperature of the refrigerant to circulate in outdoor heat exchanger 14 Higher than outer gas temperature when, outdoor heat exchanger 14 as make refrigerant heat to outer gas radiate radiator play a role.
Second expansion valve 15 is the second relief portion for making the liquid phase refrigerant decompression expansion flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 14. Second expansion valve 15 is DYN dynamic variable restriction mechanism, has spool and electric actuator.Spool is configured to change system The access aperture (in other words, throttle opening) of cryogen access.Electric actuator has the stepping for changing the throttle opening of spool Motor.
Second expansion valve 15 is configured to the standard-sized sheet function of making refrigerant passage standard-sized sheet when making throttle opening standard-sized sheet Variable restriction mechanism.That is, the second expansion valve 15 can to subtract refrigerant and making refrigerant passage standard-sized sheet Pressure effect can not play.The work of the second expansion valve 15 is controlled according to the control signal exported from control device 40.
Switched by the throttle opening of the first expansion valve 13 of change and the second expansion valve 15 refrigeration mode shown in FIG. 1, Heating mode shown in Fig. 3 and defrosting mode shown in Fig. 4.First expansion valve 13 and the second expansion valve 15 are switching refrigeration moulds The operation mode switching part of formula, heating mode and defrosting mode.
Refrigeration mode and defrosting mode are the radiating modes that outdoor heat exchanger 14 makes refrigerant radiate to outer gas.Heat mould Formula is the heat absorption mode that outdoor heat exchanger 14 makes refrigerant absorb heat from outer gas.Heating mode is first mode, and defrosting mode is Second mode.
Evaporator 16 is by making the cold of low pressure refrigerant and the sub-cooled water loop 30 flowed out from the second expansion valve 15 But the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger that water carries out heat exchange to evaporate low pressure refrigerant.After the evaporation of evaporator 16 Vapor phase refrigerant is inhaled into compressor 11 and is compressed.
The cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 is the fluid as thermal medium.The cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 is Low-temperature heat medium.In the present embodiment, the cooling water as sub-cooled water loop 30, using including at least ethylene glycol, two The liquid of methyl polysiloxane or nano-fluid uses antifreezing liquid.
Outdoor heat exchanger 14 has heat exchange department 141, liquid reservoir 142 and supercooling portion 143.Outdoor heat exchanger 14 Heat exchange department 141 make from the first expansion valve 13 flow out refrigerant and outer gas carry out heat exchange.The storage of outdoor heat exchanger 14 Liquid portion 142 is to carry out gas-liquid separation and storing refrigerant to the refrigerant flowed out from the heat exchange department 141 of outdoor heat exchanger 14 Remainder refrigerant storage portion.The supercooling portion 143 of outdoor heat exchanger 14 makes the reservoir from outdoor heat exchanger 14 The liquid phase refrigerant and outer gas that portion 142 is flowed out carry out heat exchange and carry out supercooling to liquid phase refrigerant.
In High-temperature cooling water loop 20 configured with condenser 12, high temperature side pump 21, heater core 22 and high voltage heating Device 23.In sub-cooled water loop 30 configured with evaporator 16, low temperature side pump 31, cooler core 32 and waste heat equipment 33.
High temperature side pump 21 and low temperature side pump 31 are the thermal medium pumps for sucking and being discharged cooling water.High temperature side pump 21 and low temperature side Pump 31 is electrodynamic type pump.High temperature side pump 21 is the high temperature side for adjusting the flow of the cooling water recycled in High-temperature cooling water loop 20 Flow adjustment portion.Low temperature side pump 31 is the low temperature side flow for adjusting the flow of the cooling water recycled in sub-cooled water loop 30 Adjustment section.
Heater core 22 is that the cooling water for making High-temperature cooling water loop 20 and the air blowed into car room carry out heat exchange And the high temperature side thermal medium heat exchanger that the air blowed in opposite car room is heated.In heater core 22, cooling water to It is blown into the indoor air heat dissipation of vehicle.
High voltage heater 23 is to be generated heat and being supplied to high-tension electricity come the cooling water to High-temperature cooling water loop 20 The heater heated.
Condenser 12, high temperature side pump 21, heater core 22 and high voltage heater 23 are in High-temperature cooling water loop 20 It is configured in series with each other in cooling water flow.
High-temperature cooling water loop 20 has condenser bypass flow path 24 and bypass triple valve 25.Heater core bypass flow path 24 It is the cooling water flow path that the cooling water of High-temperature cooling water loop 20 flows around condenser 12.Bypassing triple valve 25 is to condensation The cooling water flow path and condenser bypass flow path 24 of 12 side of device switch over the solenoid valve of opening and closing.Bypass triple valve 25 work by Control device 40 controls.
Cooler core 32 is that the cooling water for making sub-cooled water loop 30 and the air blowed into car room carry out heat exchange And the air blowed in opposite car room carries out cooling low temperature side thermal medium heat exchanger.In cooler core 32, cooling water from The air heat absorption blowed into car room.
Waste heat equipment 33 be will with work and generate cooling water-cooled from waste heat to sub-cooled water loop 30 vehicle Carry equipment.Waste heat equipment 33 is to the heat supply portion of the cooling water supply heat of sub-cooled water loop 30.For example, waste heat equipment 33 be battery, inverter, driving motor etc..Inverter is that the direct current power supplied from battery is converted to AC power simultaneously It exports to the power conversion unit of driving motor.
Evaporator 16 and low temperature side pump 31 are configured in series with each other in the cooling water flow of sub-cooled water loop 30.It is cooling Device core 32 and waste heat equipment 33 configure parallel to each other in the cooling water flow of sub-cooled water loop 30.
Sub-cooled water loop 30 has cooler core side open and close valve 34 and waste heat equipment side open and close valve 35.Cooler core side Open and close valve 34 is the solenoid valve that the cooling water flow path of 32 side of cooler core is opened and closed.Waste heat equipment side open and close valve 35 is to useless The solenoid valve that the cooling water flow path of hot 33 side of equipment is opened and closed.Cooler core side open and close valve 34 and waste heat equipment side open and close valve 35 Work controlled by control device 40.
Cooler core side open and close valve 34 and waste heat equipment side open and close valve 35 are existed to the cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 The cooler core switching part that the state flowed in cooler core 32 and the state flowed around cooler core 32 switch over. Cooler core side open and close valve 34 and waste heat equipment side open and close valve 35 are waste heat equipment switching parts, the waste heat equipment switching part The state flowed in waste heat equipment 33 to the cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 and the shape flowed around waste heat equipment 33 State switches over.
The first connection flow path 36 and the second connection are connected in High-temperature cooling water loop 20 and sub-cooled water loop 30 Flow path 37.First connection flow path 36 makes position and the low temperature of the cooling water outlet side of the condenser 12 in High-temperature cooling water loop 20 The position connection of the cooling water suction side of low temperature side pump 31 in chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) 30.Second connection flow path 37 makes low-temperature cooling water The position of the cooling water outlet side of cooler core 32 and waste heat equipment 33 in circuit 30 with it is cold in High-temperature cooling water loop 20 The position of the cooling water inlet side of condenser 12 is connected to.
Triple valve 38 is connect configured with first with the interconnecting piece of sub-cooled water loop 30 in the first connection flow path 36.First Connection triple valve 38 is cooling water flow path and the first connection flow of the cooling water outlet side to cooler core 32 and waste heat equipment 33 Road 36 switches over the solenoid valve of opening and closing.The work of first connection triple valve 38 is controlled by control device 40.
Triple valve 39 is connect configured with second with the interconnecting piece of High-temperature cooling water loop 20 in the second connection flow path 37.Second Connection triple valve 39 is switched over to the cooling water flow path of the cooling water discharge side of high temperature side pump 21 and the second connection flow path 37 The solenoid valve of opening and closing.The work of second connection triple valve 39 is controlled by control device 40.
Cooler core 32 and heater core 22 are contained in shell (the hereinafter referred to as air-conditioning of room conditioning unit (not shown) Shell).Room conditioning unit is configured at the inside of the instrument board (not shown) of front in car room.Air-conditioner housing is to form air to lead to The air flue forming member on road.
Heater core 22 is configured at the air stream downstream side of cooler core 32 in the air flue in air-conditioner housing.In sky Adjust shell configured with inside and outside gas a-b box (not shown) and indoor blower (not shown).Inside and outside gas a-b box is to air-conditioner housing Interior air flue switching imports the inside and outside gas switching part of interior gas and outer gas.Indoor blower sucks and blow through inside and outside autogenous cutting It changes case and imported into the interior gas and outer gas of the air flue in air-conditioner housing.
In air flue in air-conditioner housing, sky (not shown) is configured between cooler core 32 and heater core 22 Gas combination gates.Air mixing door is to by the cold wind for being flowed into heater core 22 in the cold wind of cooler core 32 and around heating Device core 22 and the air quantity ratio of cold wind flowed is adjusted.
Air mixing door is the rotary shaft rotatably supported with respect to air-conditioner housing and is incorporated into rotary shaft The rotary door in door substrate portion.Can by adjusting air mixing door open position and will be blown out from air-conditioner housing into car room The temperature of air-conditioner wind be adjusted to desired temperature.
The rotary shaft of air mixing door is driven by servomotor.The work of servomotor is controlled by control device 40.
Air mixing door is also possible in the sliding door mobile with the substantially orthogonal square upward sliding of air stream.Sliding door was both The door that can be the plate formed by rigid body is also possible to the film door by having flexible thin-film material to be formed.
Control device 40 shown in Fig. 2 by including CPU, ROM and RAM etc. well-known microcomputer and its week Side circuit is constituted.Control device 40 carries out various operations, processing based on the control program being stored in ROM.In control device 40 outlet side is connected with various control object equipment.Control device 40 is the control for controlling the work of various control object equipment Portion.
The control object equipment controlled by control device 40 is compressor 11, the first expansion valve 13, the second expansion valve 15, room Outer pressure fan 17, high temperature side pump 21, high voltage heater 23, bypass triple valve 25, low temperature side pump 31, cooler core side open and close valve 34, waste heat equipment side open and close valve 35, first connects triple valve 38 and the second connection triple valve 39 etc..
The software and hardware of the motor of control compressor 11 in control device 40 are refrigerant discharge capability control portions. The software and hardware of the first expansion valve of control 13 in control device 40 are first throttle control units.Control in control device 40 The software and hardware of second expansion valve 15 are the second throttling control units.
The software and hardware of control outdoor draft fan 17 in control device 40 are outer gas draft capacity control units.Control The software and hardware of control high temperature side pump 21 in device 40 are high temperature thermal medium flow control portions.Control in control device 40 The software and hardware of low temperature side pump 31 processed are low-temperature heat medium flow control portions.
The software and hardware of control high voltage heater 23 in control device 40 are heater control units.Control device The software and hardware of control bypass triple valve 25 in 40 are bypass triple valve control units.
The software and hardware of control cooler core side open and close valve 34 in control device 40 are cooler core side open and close valves Control unit.The software of waste heat equipment side open and close valve 35 is controlled in control device 40 and hardware is the control of waste heat equipment side open and close valve Portion.
Control first in control device 40 connects the software of triple valve 38 and the second connection triple valve 39 and hardware is Connect triple valve control unit.
Interior gas temperature sensor 41, outside air temperature sensor 42, sunshine amount is connected in the input side of control device 40 to pass Sensor 43, outdoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 44, evaporator temperature sensor 45, heater core temperature sensor 46, refrigeration The various controls sensing such as agent pressure sensor 47, High-temperature cooling water temperature sensor 48, sub-cooled water temperature sensor 49 Device group.
Interior gas temperature sensor 41 detects vehicle room temperature Tr.Outside air temperature sensor 42 detects outside air temperature Tam.Sunshine Quantity sensor 43 detects the indoor sunshine amount Ts of vehicle.
Outdoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 44 is the temperature detecting part for detecting the temperature of outdoor heat exchanger 14.Outdoor heat Exchanger temperature sensor 44 be, for example, detect outdoor heat exchanger 14 heat-exchange fin temperature finned thermistor, Detect the water temperature sensor of the temperature of the cooling water flowed in outdoor heat exchanger 14, detection is flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 14 Outer gas temperature air temperature sensor etc..
Evaporator temperature sensor 45 is the temperature detecting part for detecting the temperature of evaporator 16.Evaporator temperature sensor 45 E.g. detect the finned tubular type thermistor of the temperature of the heat-exchange fin of evaporator 16, detection is flowed in evaporator 16 Refrigerant temperature refrigerant temperature sensors etc..
Heater core temperature sensor 46 is the temperature detecting part for detecting the temperature of heater core 22.Heater core temperature passes Sensor 46 is, for example, the finned thermistor of the temperature of the heat-exchange fin of detection heater core 22, detection in heater core 22 The air of the temperature for the air that the refrigerant temperature sensors of the temperature of the cooling water of middle flowing, detection are flowed out from heater core 22 Temperature sensor etc..
Refrigerant pressure sensor 47 is the refrigerant pressure detection for the pressure for detecting the refrigerant being discharged from compressor 11 Portion.Also it can replace refrigerant pressure sensor 47 and connect refrigerant temperature sensors with the input side of control device 40. Refrigerant temperature sensors are to detect the refrigerant pressure test section of the temperature for the refrigerant being discharged from compressor 11.Control device 40 can also estimate the pressure of refrigerant based on the temperature of refrigerant.
High-temperature cooling water temperature sensor 48 is the temperature detection for detecting the temperature of cooling water of High-temperature cooling water loop 20 Portion.For example, High-temperature cooling water temperature sensor 48 detects the temperature of the cooling water of condenser 12.
Sub-cooled water temperature sensor 49 is the temperature detection for detecting the temperature of cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 Portion.For example, sub-cooled water temperature sensor 49 detects the temperature of the cooling water of evaporator 16.
Various Operation switches (not shown) are connected in the input side of control device 40.Various Operation switch settings are operating On panel 50, operated by occupant.Operation panel 50 is configured in car room near the instrument board of front.It is opened from various operations The operation signal of pass is input to control device 40.
Various Operation switches are air-conditioning switch, temperature setting switch etc..Whether air-conditioning switch sets by room conditioning unit Carry out the cooling of air.Temperature setting switch sets the indoor set temperature of vehicle.
Then, illustrate the work in above structure.Control device 40 be based on target blowout temperature TAO etc. and by operation mode It is switched to any of refrigeration mode shown in FIG. 1 and heating mode shown in Fig. 3.
It is the target temperature for being blown out to the indoor blow out air of vehicle that target, which blows out temperature TAO,.Control device 40 is based on following Mathematical expression come calculate target blowout temperature TAO:
TAO=Kset × Tset-Kr × Tr-Kam × Tam-Ks × Ts+C
In the mathematical expression, Tset is set temperature in the car room set by the temperature setting switch of operation panel 50, Tr is the interior temperature degree detected by interior gas temperature sensor 41, and Tam is the outer temperature detected by outside air temperature sensor 42 Degree, Ts is the sunshine amount detected by sunshine quantity sensor 43.Kset, Kr, Kam, Ks are control gains, and C is the normal of correction Number.
In heating mode, control device 40 is being judged to having the case where a possibility that in 14 frosting of outdoor heat exchanger Under, it is switched to defrosting mode shown in Fig. 4.For example, control device 40 subtracts low temperature according to from outside air temperature in heating mode Temperature difference obtained from the temperature of the cooling water of chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) 30 come be determined as in 14 frosting of outdoor heat exchanger can It can property.
Then, the work in refrigeration mode, heating mode and defrosting mode is illustrated.
(refrigeration mode)
In refrigeration mode shown in Fig. 1, the first expansion valve 13 is set as full-gear by control device 40, by the second expansion Valve 15 is set as throttle.
Control device 40 is determined and control device 40 based on the detection signal etc. of target blowout temperature TAO, sensor group The working condition (the control signal exported to various control equipment) of the various control equipment of connection.
For the control signal exported to the second expansion valve 15, it is determined as flowing into the supercooling of the refrigerant of compressor 11 But it spends close to target degree of subcooling, and the target degree of subcooling has been defined as keeping the coefficient of performance of circulation (so-called in advance COP) close to maximum value.
About the control signal exported to the servomotor of air mixing door (not shown), being determined as air mixing door will The air flue of heater core 22 occludes, and makes through whole flows of the wind pushing air of cooler core 32 around heater core 22 Air flue and flow.
In refrigeration mode, compressor 11 and low temperature side is made to pump 31 work, stops high temperature side pump 21.
In refrigeration mode, cooler core side open and close valve 34 opens the cooling water flow path of 32 side of cooler core.Low temperature as a result, The cooling water of chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) 30 is recycled to cooler core 32 and utilizes 32 cooling air of cooler core.
In refrigeration mode, waste heat equipment side open and close valve 35 opens waste heat in the case where needing cooling waste heat equipment 33 The cooling water flow path of 33 side of equipment.The cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 is recycled to waste heat equipment 33 and sets to waste heat as a result, Standby 33 are cooled down.
In refrigeration mode, the first connection triple valve 38 closes the first connection flow path 36, and the second connection triple valve 39 is closed Second connection flow path 37.The cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 will not be recycled to condenser 12 as a result,.
In refrigerating circulatory device 10 in refrigeration mode, the state of the refrigerant recycled in the circulating cycle becomes as follows Change.
That is, being flowed into condenser 12 from the high-pressure refrigerant that compressor 11 is discharged.At this point, since cooling water will not be recycled to Condenser 12, therefore the refrigerant and cooling water that are flowed into condenser 12 are almost without heat exchange.
The refrigerant flowed out from condenser 12 is flowed into the first expansion valve 13.At this point, since the first expansion valve 13 will refrigeration Agent access is set as full-gear, therefore is flowed into outdoor heat exchanger 14 from the refrigerant that condenser 12 flows out, without the One expansion valve 13 is depressurized.
The refrigerant for being flowed into outdoor heat exchanger 14 radiates to outer gas.Refrigerant is in 14 quilt of outdoor heat exchanger as a result, It cools down and condenses.
The refrigerant flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 14 is flowed into the second expansion valve 15, in 15 decompression expansion of the second expansion valve To as low pressure refrigerant.Low pressure refrigerant after the second expansion valve 15 is depressurized is flowed into evaporator 16, from sub-cooled The cooling water of water loop 30 absorbs heat and evaporates.The cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 is cooled as a result,.
Then, it is pressed again in compressor 11 from the suction side of the refrigerant flow direction compressor 11 of the outflow of evaporator 16 Contracting.
As described above, low pressure refrigerant can be made from sub-cooled water loop 30 in evaporator 16 in refrigeration mode Cooling water heat absorption, and so that the cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 is absorbed heat from air in cooler core 32, and then will be after cooling Air is blown out in car room.Thereby, it is possible to realize the indoor refrigeration of vehicle.
(heating mode)
In heating mode shown in Fig. 3, the first expansion valve 13 is set as throttle by control device 40, by the second expansion Valve 15 is set as full-gear.
Control device 40 is determined and control device 40 based on the detection signal etc. of target blowout temperature TAO, sensor group The working condition (the control signal exported to various control equipment) of the various control equipment of connection.
For the control signal exported to the first expansion valve 13, it is determined as flowing into the refrigerant of the first expansion valve 13 The close target superheat degree set in advance of the degree of superheat.Target superheat degree is set to keep the coefficient of performance of circulation (so-called COP) close to maximum value.
About the control signal exported to the servomotor of air mixing door (not shown), determine are as follows: air mixing door Make the air flue standard-sized sheet of heater core 22, and whole flows of the wind pushing air by cooler core 32 is made to pass through heater core 22 air flue.
In heating mode, make compressor 11, outdoor draft fan 17, high temperature side pump 21,31 work of low temperature side pump.
In heating mode, bypass triple valve 25 closes condenser bypass flow path 24.High-temperature cooling water loop 20 as a result, Cooling water is recycled to condenser 12.
In heating mode, cooler core side open and close valve 34 closes the cooling water flow path of 32 side of cooler core.Low temperature as a result, The cooling water of chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) 30 will not be recycled to cooler core 32.In heating mode, waste heat equipment side open and close valve 35 is opened The cooling water flow path of 33 side of waste heat equipment.The cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 is recycled to waste heat equipment 33 as a result,.
In heating mode, the first connection triple valve 38 closes the first connection flow path 36, and the second connection triple valve 39 is closed Second connection flow path 37.Cooling water is independently of each other in High-temperature cooling water loop 20 and sub-cooled water loop 30 as a result, Circulation.
In heating mode, the state of the refrigerant recycled in the circulating cycle changes as follows.That is, from 11 row of compressor High-pressure refrigerant out is flowed into condenser 12, carries out heat exchange with the cooling water of High-temperature cooling water loop 20 and radiates.As a result, The cooling water of High-temperature cooling water loop 20 is heated.
The refrigerant flowed out from condenser 12 is flowed into the first expansion valve 13, is depressurized to become low pressure refrigerant.Then, Low pressure refrigerant after the first expansion valve 13 is depressurized is flowed into outdoor heat exchanger 14, from by outdoor draft fan 17 blow Lai Outer gas heat absorption and evaporate.
The refrigerant flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 14 is flowed into the second expansion valve 15.At this point, due to by the second expansion valve 15 are set as full-gear, therefore are flowed into evaporator 16 from the refrigerant that outdoor heat exchanger 14 flows out, without in the second expansion Valve 15 is depressurized.
The low pressure refrigerant for being flowed into evaporator 16 and the cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 carry out heat exchange and absorb heat. The cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 is cooled as a result,.Then, the refrigerant flow direction compressor 11 flowed out from evaporator 16 Suction side and compressed again in compressor 11.
As described above, heat possessed by the high-pressure refrigerant being discharged from compressor 11 can be made cold in heating mode To the cooling water-cooled of High-temperature cooling water loop 20 in condenser 12, heat possessed by the cooling water of High-temperature cooling water loop 20 is made to exist It radiates in heater core 22 to air, and the air after being heated by heater core 22 is blown out in car room.Thereby, it is possible to realize The indoor heating of vehicle.
The cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 recycles in waste heat equipment 33, therefore can make the waste heat of waste heat equipment 33 It is subcooled the cooling water heat absorption of water loop 30, and makes low pressure refrigerant from the cold of sub-cooled water loop 30 in evaporator 16 But water absorbs heat.Therefore, the waste heat of waste heat equipment 33 can be used for the indoor heating of vehicle.
(defrosting mode)
In defrosting mode shown in Fig. 4, the first expansion valve 13 is set as full-gear by control device 40, by the second expansion Valve 15 is set as throttle.
Control device 40 is determined and control device 40 based on the detection signal etc. of target blowout temperature TAO, sensor group The working condition (the control signal exported to various control equipment) of the various control equipment of connection.
About the control signal exported to the servomotor of air mixing door (not shown), determine are as follows: air mixing door Make the air flue standard-sized sheet of heater core 22, and whole flows of the wind pushing air by cooler core 32 is made to pass through heater core 22 air flue.
In defrosting mode, makes compressor 11, high temperature side pump 21,31 work of low temperature side pump, stop outdoor draft fan 17.
In defrosting mode, bypass triple valve 25 closes the cooling water flow path of 12 side of condenser and opens condenser bypass stream Road 24.The cooling water of High-temperature cooling water loop 20 will not be recycled to condenser 12 as a result,.
In defrosting mode, cooler core side open and close valve 34 closes the cooling water flow path of 32 side of cooler core.Low temperature as a result, The cooling water of chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) 30 will not be recycled to cooler core 32.
In defrosting mode, waste heat equipment side open and close valve 35 opens the cooling water flow path of 33 side of waste heat equipment.Low temperature as a result, The cooling water of chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) 30 is recycled to waste heat equipment 33.
In defrosting mode, the first connection triple valve 38 closes the cooling water flow path of 33 side of waste heat equipment and opens the first company Flow path 36 is connect, the second connection triple valve 39 closes high temperature side and pumps the cooling water flow path of 21 sides and open the second connection flow path 37.By This, the cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 is recycled to condenser 12.
In refrigerating circulatory device 10 in defrosting mode, the state of the refrigerant recycled in the circulating cycle becomes as follows Change.
That is, being flowed into condenser 12 from the high-pressure refrigerant that compressor 11 is discharged.At this point, sub-cooled water loop 30 is cold But water has been recycled to condenser 12, therefore is flowed into the refrigerant of condenser 12 and the cooling water progress of sub-cooled water loop 30 Heat exchange and radiate.The cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 is heated as a result,.
The refrigerant flowed out from condenser 12 is flowed into the first expansion valve 13.At this point, since the first expansion valve 13 will refrigeration Agent access is set as full-gear, therefore is flowed into outdoor heat exchanger 14 from the refrigerant that condenser 12 flows out, without the One expansion valve 13 is depressurized.
At this point, since outdoor draft fan 17 has stopped, being flowed into the refrigerant of outdoor heat exchanger 14 hardly to Outer gas radiates and makes to be attached to the frost on the surface of outdoor heat exchanger 14 and melt.
The refrigerant flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 14 is flowed into the second expansion valve 15, and is depressurized in the second expansion valve 15 Being expanded to becomes low pressure refrigerant.Low pressure refrigerant after the second expansion valve 15 is depressurized is flowed into evaporator 16, from low temperature The cooling water of chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) 30 absorbs heat and evaporates.The cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 is cooled as a result,.
Then, it is pressed again in compressor 11 from the suction side of the refrigerant flow direction compressor 11 of the outflow of evaporator 16 Contracting.
As described above, can make to be attached to the frost on the surface of outdoor heat exchanger 14 in defrosting mode and melt.
It, can since the cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 recycles in waste heat equipment 33 in defrosting mode Make the waste heat of waste heat equipment 33 via the cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 and is absorbed heat by the low pressure refrigerant of evaporator 16.
Since the cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 recycles in condenser 12, the high pressure of condenser 12 can be made The heat of refrigerant is absorbed heat via the cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 by the low pressure refrigerant of evaporator 16.
Since the cooling water of High-temperature cooling water loop 20 recycles in heater core 22 and high voltage heater 23, energy Enough make the heat of high voltage heater 23 to the cooling water-cooled of High-temperature cooling water loop 20, makes high-temperature cooling water in heater core 22 Heat possessed by the cooling water in circuit 20 radiates to air, and then the air after heating can be blown out in car room.As a result, can Enough realize the indoor heating of vehicle.
In this way, in the air conditioner for vehicles 1 of present embodiment, by making the first expansion valve 13 and the second expansion valve 15 throttle opening variation is able to carry out vehicle indoor refrigeration, heating and defrosting appropriate, and then it is indoor to can be realized vehicle Comfortable air conditioning.
In addition, the cooling water flow path of 32 side of cooler core is opened by cooler core side open and close valve 34 in heating mode, To the cooling water of sub-cooled water loop 30 is recycled to cooler core 32 and in 32 cooling air of cooler core, therefore can be into Row dehumidifying heating.
Control device 40 executes the processing of control shown in the flow chart of Fig. 5 in defrosting mode.Firstly, in step S100 In, determine whether the pressure of refrigerant that is discharged from compressor 11 arrived goal pressure Pt or flow in condenser 12 Whether the temperature of cooling water arrived target cooling water temperature Tt.Target refrigerant pressure Pt has a degree of width Pressure limit.Target cooling water temperature Tt is the temperature range with a degree of width.
The refrigerant being discharged from compressor 11 can also be determined based on the temperature for the refrigerant being discharged from compressor 11 is It is no to have reached goal pressure Pt.
When being judged to having reached target refrigerant pressure Pt or target cooling water temperature Tt in the step s 100, enter Step S110 determines whether from being switched to defrosting mode be more than the lower limit time by the time.
When the process time being determined as from being switched to defrosting mode being in step s 110 more than the lower limit time, enter To step S120, it is transferred to heating mode.
On the other hand, when the process time being determined as from being switched to defrosting mode being in step s 110 less than lower limit Between when, be back to step S100.
On the other hand, when being determined as miss the mark refrigerant pressure Pt or target cooling water temperature Tt in the step s 100 When, step S130 is entered, determines whether from being switched to defrosting mode be more than upper limit time by the time.
When the process time being determined as from being switched to defrosting mode being in step s 130 more than upper limit time, enter To step S120, it is transferred to heating mode.
On the other hand, when the process time being determined as from being switched to defrosting mode being in step s 130 less than the upper limit Between when, be back to step S100.
Thereby, it is possible to avoid reaching when the pressure for the refrigerant being discharged from compressor 11 temporarily changes under the transient state Defrosting mode terminates in the case where goal pressure Pt.
In addition, since the time longest for executing defrosting mode is also constrained to upper limit time, it can be for example because not Good situation and can not detect to make it have fail-safe function in the case where refrigerant pressure.
In the present embodiment, control device 40 switches heating mode and defrosting mode.In heating mode, the first expansion Valve 13 and the second expansion valve 15 operate such that refrigerant absorbs heat in outdoor heat exchanger 14, and the first connection triple valve 38 and second connection triple valve 39 operate such that cooling water recycles independently of each other relative to condenser 12 and evaporator 16.? In defrosting mode, the first expansion valve 13 and the second expansion valve 15 operate such that refrigerant dissipates in outdoor heat exchanger 14 Heat, and the first connection triple valve 38 and the second connection triple valve 39 operate such that cooling water in condenser 12 and evaporator 16 Between recycle.
As a result, in defrosting mode, high temperature refrigerant is flowed into outdoor heat exchanger 14, therefore can be to outdoor heat exchange Device 14 defrosts.In addition, refrigerant is not only undergone phase transition in heating mode, but also also undergone phase transition in defrosting mode, Therefore it can start as early as possible the defrosting of outdoor heat exchanger 14 in defrosting mode.
Moreover, because in condenser 12 from refrigerant to cooling water-cooled, and make the heat of the cooling water in evaporator 16 It is absorbed heat by refrigerant, therefore compared with previous hot gas cycle, the pressure of the refrigerant of outdoor heat exchanger 14 can be flowed into Power improves.Therefore, the temperature and density that can flow into the refrigerant of outdoor heat exchanger 14 improve to hand over outdoor heat The defrosting of parallel operation 14 terminates as early as possible.
In the present embodiment, waste heat equipment 33 between condenser 12 and evaporator 16 to recycling in defrosting mode Cooling water supply heat.
As a result, in defrosting mode, the heat supplied from waste heat equipment 33 can be used as and be used for refrigerant in evaporator 16 The heat being evaporated utilizes, therefore is able to suppress the shortage of heat being evaporated for refrigerant in evaporator 16.
In the present embodiment, control device 40 makes the first connection triple valve 38 and the second connection three in heating mode Port valve 39 works so that cooling water recycles between heater core 22, heater 23 and condenser 12.Control device 40 is defrosting The first connection triple valve 38 and the second connection triple valve 39 is set to work so that cooling water is independent relative to condenser 12 when mode Ground recycles between heater core 22 and heater 23.
As a result, in defrosting mode, vehicle indoor heating can be directed at while defrosting to outdoor heat exchanger 14.
In the present embodiment, control device 40 makes in defrosting mode from outdoor draft fan 17 to outdoor heat exchanger 14 Air-supply stop.Thereby, it is possible to inhibit the heat of the refrigerant of outdoor heat exchanger 14 to radiate to outer gas, therefore can be efficiently right Outdoor heat exchanger 14 defrosts.
In the present embodiment, in heating mode, when the temperature for the cooling water for subtracting evaporator 16 from the temperature of outer gas Obtained from temperature difference be greater than threshold value in the case where, control device 40 is switched to defrosting mode.Thereby, it is possible to suitably judge room The necessity of the defrosting of outer heat-exchanger 14 and be switched to defrosting mode.
In the present embodiment, in heating mode and when defrosting mode, control device 40 is opened and closed cooler core side Valve 34 and waste heat equipment side open and close valve 35 work so as to flow in the cooling water after cooling of evaporator 16 around cooler core 32.
As a result, in heating mode and in defrosting mode, be able to suppress cooling water heat via cooler core 32 and to Air heat dissipation.Therefore, in heating mode, be able to suppress be flowed into heater core 22 in the air after cooling of cooler core 32 and Heating efficiency is reduced, in defrosting mode, can efficiently be defrosted to outdoor heat exchanger 14.
For example, in defrosting mode, control device 40 makes compressor 11 work, so that the refrigeration being discharged from compressor 11 The temperature for the cooling water that the pressure of agent rises to goal pressure or recycles between condenser 12 and evaporator 16 rises to mesh Mark temperature.
As a result, in defrosting mode, performance of the defrosting efficiency of outdoor heat exchanger 14 than refrigeration cycle, efficiency can be made Preferentially, therefore the defrosting of outdoor heat exchanger 14 can be carried out earlier.
In the present embodiment, as illustrated in step S100~S120 of Fig. 5, in defrosting mode, when The pressure for the refrigerant being discharged from compressor 11 rises to goal pressure or recycles between condenser 12 and evaporator 16 cold But the temperature of water rises to target temperature and the case where elapsed time has been more than the lower limit time from being switched to defrosting mode Under, control device 40 is switched to heating mode.
Thereby, it is possible to suitably judge that the defrosting of outdoor heat exchanger 14 is completed and is switched to heating in defrosting mode Mode, and be able to suppress and control oscillation occurs in the switching of heating mode and defrosting mode.
In the present embodiment, as illustrated in the step S130 of Fig. 5, in defrosting mode, from being switched to In the case that defrosting mode elapsed time has reached upper limit time, control device 40 is switched to heating mode.
The fail-safe function that thereby, it is possible to there is pressure, the temperature of cooling water for refrigerant excessively to rise.
Preferably, control device 40 makes the first connection triple valve 38 and the second connection triple valve 39 in defrosting mode It operates such that cooling water recycles independently of each other relative to condenser 12 and evaporator 16, then makes the first connection triple valve 38 And second connection triple valve 39 work to be switched to heating mode.
For example, in defrosting mode, if the temperature of the cooling water recycled between condenser 12 and evaporator 16 rises to Predetermined temperature, then control device 40 makes the first connection triple valve 38 and the second connection triple valve 39 operate such that cooling water phase Condenser 12 and evaporator 16 are recycled independently of each other.
As a result, when being switched to heating mode from defrosting mode, it can be avoided unwanted energy and be passed to evaporator 16.This is because the heat that accumulated in evaporator 16 can be used for outdoor heat exchanger 14 in the final stage of defrosting mode Defrosting.It is passed to evaporator 16 due to can be avoided unwanted energy, the consumption that can reduce compressor 11 is dynamic Power.
Preferably, control device 40 make the first connection triple valve 38 and the second connection triple valve 39 work with from removing White pattern switching is starting outdoor draft fan 17 after heating mode.
For example, temperature of the control device 40 after being switched to heating mode from defrosting mode in outdoor heat exchanger 14 is low Restart outdoor heat exchanger 14 after outside air temperature.
Thereby, it is possible to avoid just from defrosting mode be switched to heating mode after the heat loss to outer gas.This is because After being just switched to heating mode from defrosting mode, the temperature of outdoor heat exchanger 14 is higher than the temperature of outer gas.
Preferably, control device 40 makes heater 23 work in the case where being switched to defrosting mode from heating mode, It is being predetermined temperature or more from the temperature for the cooling water that defrosting mode is switched to heating mode and recycles in heater core 22 In the case of make heater 23 stop.
Thereby, it is possible to inhibit the heater 23 in heating mode bootlessly to consume electric power.For example, control device 40 can be Gradually decrease the output of heater 23 before being switched to heating mode from defrosting mode.
(other embodiments)
Various modifications can for example be carried out as follows to above embodiment.
(1) in the above-described embodiment, although the throttling by the first expansion valve 13 of change and the second expansion valve 15 is opened It spends to switch heating mode and defrosting mode, but can also be by the first expansion valve 13 and the second expansion valve 15 switching refrigeration The flow path of agent switches heating mode and defrosting mode.
For example, it can be have: refrigerant around the first expansion valve 13 and flow refrigerant flow path, refrigerant around The second expansion valve 15 is crossed and the refrigerant flow path flowed and the open and close valve that two refrigerant flow paths are opened and closed, in heating mould In formula, refrigerant flows through the first expansion valve 13, and flows around the second expansion valve 15；In defrosting mode, refrigerant around It crosses the first expansion valve 13 and flows, and flow through the second expansion valve 15.
(2) in the respective embodiments described above, the various media such as use cooling water as thermal medium, but oil also can be used make For thermal medium.
As thermal medium, nano-fluid also can be used.Nano-fluid refers to that being mixed into partial size is nanoscale nanoparticle The fluid of son.By making nanoparticle be mixed into thermal medium, can obtain removing makes freezing point as the cooling water using ethylene glycol Decline and become other than the function and effect of anti-icing fluid, additionally it is possible to obtain following function and effect.
That is, can obtain: improving the function and effect of the pyroconductivity in specific temperature field, increase the thermal capacity of thermal medium Function and effect, metal piping anticorrosion ability or prevent the function and effect of rubber piping aging and improve under extremely low temperature Thermal medium mobility function and effect.
Such function and effect according to the particle composition of nanoparticle, shape of particle, mixing ratio, added substance and generate Various change.
Thereby, it is possible to improve pyroconductivity, even therefore than the thermal medium of the few amount of cooling water using ethylene glycol, It can obtain same cooling efficiency.
In addition, the storage based on sensible heat of thermal medium itself can be increased due to the thermal capacity that can increase thermal medium Cold and hot amount.
By increasing cold-storage heat, thus even if under the idle state of compressor 11, it also can be to a certain degree Time in implement equipment using cold-storage heat cooling, heating temperature adjusting, therefore can be realized vehicle and filled with heat management The province's motorization set.
The aspect ratio of nanoparticle is preferably 50 or more.This is because sufficiently high pyroconductivity can be obtained.In addition, Aspect ratio is the Shape Indexes for indicating longitudinal direction × transverse direction ratio of nanoparticle.
As nanoparticle, it is able to use the particle comprising any of Au, Ag, Cu and C.Specifically, as receiving The constituting atom of rice corpuscles, be able to use Au nanoparticle, Ag nano wire, CNT, graphene, graphite core core/shell nano particle, with And CNT containing Au nanoparticle etc..
CNT is carbon nanotube.Graphite core core/shell nano particle is that have carbon nanotube etc. in a manner of surrounding above-mentioned atom Particle body as tectosome.
(3) in the refrigerating circulatory device of above embodiment 10, freon class refrigerant is used as refrigerant, but It's not limited to that for the type of refrigerant, and the natural refrigerants such as carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon refrigerant etc. also can be used.
In addition, the refrigerating circulatory device 10 of above embodiment, which constitutes high-pressure side refrigerant pressure, is no more than facing for refrigerant The subcritical refrigeration cycle of boundary's pressure, but also may be constructed high-pressure side refrigerant pressure and face more than the super of critical pressure of refrigerant Boundary's refrigeration cycle.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of refrigerating circulatory device, has:
Compressor (11), compressor sucking and discharging refrigerant；
First thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger (12), the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger make to be discharged from the compressor The refrigerant to thermal medium radiate；
First relief portion (13), first relief portion make the refrigeration flowed out from the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger Agent decompression；
Outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger (14), the outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger make the system flowed out from first relief portion Cryogen and outer gas carry out heat exchange；
Second relief portion (15), second relief portion subtract the refrigerant flowed out from the outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger Pressure；
Second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger (16), the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger make from second relief portion The refrigerant of outflow absorbs heat from the thermal medium；
Switching part (38,39), the switching part is to the thermal medium relative to the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and institute State and the thermal medium that the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger recycles independently of each other are stated in the first thermal medium system The state recycled between cryogen heat exchanger and the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger switches over；And
Control device (40), the control device switch first mode and second mode, and the first mode is first decompression Portion and second relief portion operate such that the refrigerant absorbs heat in the outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger, and described Switching part operates such that the thermal medium relative to the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and second thermal medium The mode that refrigerant heat exchanger recycles independently of each other, the second mode are first relief portion and second decompression Portion operates such that the refrigerant radiates in the outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger, and the switching part operates such that The thermal medium follows between the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger The mode of ring.
2. refrigerating circulatory device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Have heat supply portion (33), the heat supply portion in the second mode in the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchange The thermal medium supply heat recycled between device and the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger.
3. refrigerating circulatory device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that have:
Heater core (22), the heater core make the air blowed into car room with thermal medium progress heat exchange and to described Air is heated, and
Electric heater (23), which is generated heat and being supplied to electric power, and then is heated to the thermal medium,
The switching part is to the thermal medium in the heater core, the electric heater and the first thermal medium heat exchanger Between the state that recycles and the thermal medium relative to the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger independently in the heating The state recycled between device core and the electric heater switches over,
In the first mode, the control device makes the switching part operate such that the thermal medium in the heater It is recycled between core, the electric heater and the first thermal medium heat exchanger,
In the second mode, the control device makes the switching part operate such that the thermal medium relative to described One thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger independently recycles between the heater core and the electric heater.
4. refrigerating circulatory device according to any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that
Have outer gas air supplying part (17), which blows the outer gas to the outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger,
In the second mode, the control device makes from the outer gas air supplying part to the outer gas refrigerant heat exchanger Air-supply stops.
5. refrigerating circulatory device according to any one of claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that
In the first mode, the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger (16) is being subtracted from the temperature of the outer gas In the case that temperature difference obtained from the temperature of the thermal medium is greater than threshold value, the control device is switched to second mould Formula.
6. refrigerating circulatory device according to any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that have:
Cooler core (32), the cooler core make the heat after the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger is cooled be situated between Matter is absorbed heat from the air；And
Cooler core is with switching part (34,35), and the cooler core switching part is in the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchange The thermal medium after device is cooled flows through the state of the cooler core and in the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger The state that the thermal medium after cooled flows around the cooler core switches over,
In the first mode and when the second mode, the control device makes the cooler core be worked with switching part So that the thermal medium after the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger is cooled flows around the cooler core It is dynamic.
7. refrigerating circulatory device according to any one of claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that
In the second mode, the control device makes the compressor operating so that from described in compressor discharge The pressure of refrigerant rises to goal pressure or in the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and second thermal medium The temperature of the thermal medium recycled between refrigerant heat exchanger rises to target temperature.
8. refrigerating circulatory device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
In the second mode, the pressure for the refrigerant being discharged from the compressor rise to the goal pressure, Or the institute recycled between the first thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger Under the temperature for stating thermal medium rises to the target temperature, and elapsed time has been more than from being switched to the second mode In the case where between in limited time, the control device is switched to the first mode.
9. refrigerating circulatory device according to claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that
In the second mode, the case where elapsed time has reached upper limit time from being switched to the second mode Under, the control device is switched to the first mode.
10. refrigerating circulatory device according to claim 8 or claim 9, which is characterized in that
In the second mode, the control device makes the switching part operate such that the thermal medium relative to described One thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger and the second thermal medium refrigerant heat exchanger recycle independently of each other, then make described Switching part works to be switched to the first mode.
11. refrigerating circulatory device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The control device is after making the switching part operate such that and be switched to the first mode from the second mode Start the outer gas air supplying part.
12. refrigerating circulatory device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
In the case where being switched to the second mode from the first mode, the control device makes the heater work, It is in the temperature for the thermal medium for being switched to the first mode from the second mode and being recycled in the heater core In the case where more than predetermined temperature, the control device stops the heater.
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DE112017005756B4 (en) 2022-08-18
WO2018092464A1 (en) 2018-05-24

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