CN109978347B - Community energy autonomous method with distributed power generation based on block chain technology - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a community energy autonomous method with distributed power generation based on a block chain technology, which specifically comprises the following steps: determining the connection relation among the electrical equipment in the community and the parameters of the electrical equipment; building a block chain P2P network covering each electrical device in a community, and building a consensus mechanism and decentralized trust of community distributed generation automatic transaction and autonomous scheduling driven by the block chain; each electrical device or each measuring device is respectively internally provided with a block chain module which is used as an independent node in a block chain P2P network, is communicated with the measuring module in real time, acquires measuring data, participates in each consensus algorithm, and makes a scheduling operation scheme; and after the scheduling operation scheme is stored in the block chain, driving the electrical equipment to automatically execute the scheduling operation scheme by using an intelligent contract. The invention can promote the nearby consumption of distributed power generation, thereby realizing the nearby autonomy of community energy, reducing the waste of energy, lightening the dependence on a centralized mechanism and ensuring the safe and stable operation of a system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distributed power generation, in particular to a community energy autonomous method based on distributed power generation.
Background
With the increasingly prominent energy crisis and environmental pollution problems, distributed power generation has made greater progress. The distributed power generation is to utilize clean energy resources nearby and produce and consume energy nearby, has the advantages of high energy utilization rate, low pollution emission and the like, and represents a new direction and a new form of energy development. The distributed power generation in the form is positioned in a power consumption place or adjacent to the power consumption place, the generated power does not need to be transmitted in a long distance or in a voltage boosting and reducing mode, compared with a centralized power generation and supply mode, the distributed power generation system has the advantages of reducing power loss, saving power transmission cost and reducing occupation of land and space resources, and particularly clean energy resources can be utilized nearby to achieve nearby consumption of the distributed power generation.
With the rapid development of distributed power generation devices in communities, particularly household photovoltaic power stations, higher requirements are provided for the safe and stable operation of community power systems. On one hand, new energy is absorbed as much as possible for power generation, the phenomenon of 'wind and light abandonment' is avoided, and the absorption of clean energy are promoted; on the other hand, safe and stable operation of a power grid is ensured, and power grid safety and electric energy quality accidents caused by high-proportion new energy power generation are avoided. However, the direct point-to-point transaction scheme provided at present enhances the purchase autonomy of consumers, can reflect the actual price of electric energy, is beneficial to the intelligent electricity utilization of the electric consumers and reduces the complexity of network flow; however, to realize the autonomy of community energy and avoid huge energy waste caused by inefficient management, a virtual decentralized power trading platform is not enough, and it cannot guarantee the nearby consumption of energy and the safe and stable operation of power systems in communities.
The blockchain technology is considered as a fifth subversive innovation of computing paradigm following mainframes, personal computers, internet, mobile social networks, and is likened by the "economics schooler" as a "trusted machine". The block chain is used as a bottom layer technology of the bit currency, and is a decentralized shared general ledger which combines data blocks into a specific data structure in a chain mode according to a time sequence and is guaranteed to be not falsifiable and not forged in a cryptographic mode, and data which are simple in storage, have a precedence relationship and can be verified in a system can be safely stored.
The decentralized characteristic of the block chain is not in line with the decentralized structure of the community energy system covering distributed power generation, a centralized leading node does not exist in the block chain, the nodes are equal in status and are automatically and spontaneously maintained together through a consensus mechanism, and the system requirement that users cooperate together to achieve autonomous operation maintenance in the distributed community energy system is met.
In foreign countries, the EXERGY system developed by the LO3 ENGRGY company utilizes the EXERGY data platform to construct a local ENERGY market for ENERGY trading based on the existing power grid infrastructure through a block chain technology and a corresponding innovative solution, and improves the local utilization rate of ENERGY. And the traditional energy grid model was reconstructed with the concept of public energy networks by experiments on the brooklyn micro grid (brooklyn mcrogrid). Utility companies (grid companies) still maintain grid operation and are responsible for delivering power, but community members complete local generation, storage, and trading of energy to obtain a more flexible and sustainable model of clean energy.
The American ELONCITY initial creation company tries to build community basic power facilities by adopting a scheme of distributed new energy community power supply and energy storage equipment, gradually completes group-grid connection of a mini-community smart grid, and accordingly establishes a decentralized community power trading market. The method is beneficial to solving the industrial pain point, realizing the balance of power supply and demand and accelerating the development of renewable energy sources. Elonecity states that future power infrastructure will consist of millions of self-sufficient micro-grids or communities scattered. Combining clean energy produced within the energy storage system community can achieve 7 x 24 supply and compete directly with existing utilities. The price of energy will be transparent to all, and people use the open technology of ELONCITY to make electricity almost free, thus realize that the whole world supplies power with clean energy.
However, the above techniques still have certain disadvantages: 1) During the whole process of collecting, transmitting and exchanging the measured data, all the data cannot be ensured to be accurate, and the data can be damaged or deviated due to equipment reasons or network reasons; on the other hand, a hacker or other mechanisms may maliciously attack some nodes and control the nodes to send error data, so that the system cannot stably operate; 2) Centralized power generation, distribution and power selling modes, coarse-grained power supply and demand management, higher power transmission and distribution prices, and power generation supply and demand which cannot be accurately matched in real time, and huge resource waste and electric energy waste exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a community energy autonomous method based on a block chain technology, which aims to promote the nearby consumption of distributed power generation and reduce the energy waste on the basis of ensuring the stable operation of a system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
The community energy autonomous method based on the block chain technology and comprising distributed power generation specifically comprises the following steps:
A. determining the connection relation among the electrical equipment and the parameters of the electrical equipment according to the grid structure of the community power system;
B. constructing a block chain P2P network covering each electrical device in a community, and establishing a consensus mechanism and decentralized trust of community distributed generation automatic transaction and autonomous scheduling driven by block chains;
C. each electrical device or each measuring device is respectively internally provided with a block chain module which is used as an independent node in a block chain P2P network, is communicated with the measuring module in real time, acquires measuring data, participates in each consensus algorithm, and makes a scheduling operation scheme;
D. and after the scheduling operation scheme is stored in the block chain, driving the electrical equipment to automatically execute the scheduling operation scheme by using an intelligent contract.
In the method for the community energy autonomy based on the block chain technology and including distributed power generation, in the step B, independent nodes in the block chain P2P network are divided into computing nodes and light nodes according to functions, the light nodes are responsible for collecting data and transmitting the data to the computing nodes, the data are stored in the block chain after verification, the computing nodes have data storage and computing functions and are responsible for finishing various complex computing and verifying works, a scheduling operation scheme confirmed by consensus is issued to each node, and an electric device is driven by an intelligent contract to automatically execute the scheduling operation scheme.
According to the community energy autonomous method based on the block chain technology and including distributed power generation, the consensus mechanism in the step B is a distributed consensus scheduling mechanism utilizing DPOS-PBFT, firstly, partial nodes are selected from a community network by utilizing DPOS as computing nodes, the computing nodes are responsible for computing a system scheduling scheme in a certain time interval, the computing nodes are completely equal in right, the computing nodes are executed circularly according to a certain sequence, and each computing node is responsible for computing and making a scheduling operation scheme in a time interval.
In the community energy autonomous method with distributed power generation based on the blockchain technology, the step C includes determining a scheduling operation scheme of the data uplink of the independent node and the computing node.
According to the community energy autonomous method with distributed power generation based on the block chain technology, when the independent node collects data, the data are broadcasted to the adjacent nodes through the P2P network, and after the adjacent nodes receive the data, the validity and accuracy of the data are verified through a power system state estimation algorithm according to historical data and other node data collected by the system at present; and according to a consensus algorithm, storing the data after the data passes 2/3 node verification, and performing uplink storage.
According to the community energy autonomous method with distributed power generation based on the block chain technology, the range selection of the adjacent nodes is set according to the network topology structure, and the communication radius and the number of the nodes are comprehensively considered.
In the above method for community energy autonomy with distributed power generation based on the block chain technology, the determination of the scheduling operation scheme of the computing node specifically includes the following steps: reading each verified data from a block chain by a computing node which is responsible for scheduling operation scheme establishment in a certain time period t, carrying out power system analysis and calculation by using a certain time section data of the whole community network, generating a new scheduling operation scheme by the computing node after each calculation is completed, broadcasting the new scheduling operation scheme to other computing nodes of the whole network, immediately verifying the feasibility and safety of the new scheduling operation scheme by other computing nodes after the new scheduling operation scheme is received, and immediately returning the verified scheduling operation scheme which is verified and signed to the computing node after the verification is passed; and after the computing node receives the result confirmation of the 2f other computing nodes to the new scheduling operation scheme, storing the verification scheduling operation scheme into the block chain, and uniformly and automatically scheduling and executing all the nodes according to the verification scheduling operation scheme.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the technical progress of the invention is as follows.
The invention stores the data acquired by each terminal in real time by using a block chain technology, completes the safety check and the electric energy quality analysis of a community power grid by preselecting a computing node by using a DPOS-PBFT consensus mechanism, generates a scheduling operation scheme, utilizes a PBFT algorithm for the scheduling operation scheme, and automatically executes the scheduling operation scheme after being confirmed by other computing nodes to promote the nearby consumption of distributed power generation, thereby realizing the nearby autonomy of community energy, reducing the waste of energy, reducing the dependence on a centralized mechanism and ensuring the safe and stable operation of a system.
In the measurement data acquisition, transmission and exchange processes, the accuracy and safety of data are ensured through the verification and authentication between adjacent nodes based on a block chain consensus mechanism; meanwhile, all data are encrypted and stored by means of the asymmetric encryption technology of the block chain technology, a hacker can intercept a data ciphertext and cannot deduce a plaintext in a single phase, high safety and non-falsification of the data are guaranteed, and reliable guarantee is provided for stable operation of a system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the uplink data transmission from the separate node in step C according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of the computing node formulating a scheduling operation scheme in step C of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
A community energy autonomy method with distributed power generation is based on a block chain technology, a DPOS-PBFT consensus mechanism is utilized, a scheduling operation scheme is formulated to promote nearby consumption of distributed power generation, and therefore nearby autonomy of community energy is achieved, the flow is shown in figure 1, and the community energy autonomy method specifically comprises the following steps.
A. And determining topological information and network parameters according to the grid structure of the community power system. The topology refers to a connection relationship between the electrical devices, and the network parameters refer to parameters of the electrical devices.
B. And constructing a block chain P2P network covering each electrical device in the community, and establishing a consensus mechanism and decentralized trust of community distributed generation automatic transaction and autonomous scheduling driven by the block chain.
The independent nodes in the block chain P2P network are divided into computing nodes and light nodes according to functions, the light nodes are responsible for collecting data and transmitting the data to the computing nodes, the data are stored in the block chain after verification, the computing nodes have data storage and computing functions and are responsible for completing various complex computing and verifying works, a scheduling operation scheme confirmed by consensus is issued to each node, and an intelligent contract is utilized to drive electrical equipment to automatically execute the scheduling operation scheme.
The consensus mechanism is a distributed consensus scheduling mechanism utilizing DPOS-PBFT (distributed protocol of Stake-Practical Byzantine failure probability) and is the fusion of DPOS (distributed delegation rights and benefits certification) and PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance) consensus algorithm. Firstly, a DPOS is utilized to select partial nodes in a community network as computing nodes, the computing nodes are responsible for computing a system scheduling scheme in a certain time interval, the computing nodes are completely equal in right, the computing nodes are executed circularly according to a certain sequence, and each computing node is responsible for computing and making a scheduling operation scheme in a time interval.
C. Each electrical device or each measuring device is respectively internally provided with a block chain module which is used as an independent node in a block chain P2P network, is communicated with the measuring module in real time, acquires measuring data, participates in each consensus algorithm, and makes a scheduling operation scheme. The steps mainly comprise two aspects: and determining the data uplink of the independent node and the scheduling operation scheme of the computing node.
The data uplink process of the independent node includes data collection, verification and uplink storage, and the flowchart is shown in fig. 2, which is detailed as follows.
C11. And the independent nodes collect the operating parameters or metering data of the corresponding electrical equipment according to different types of the measuring devices.
C12. The collected data are broadcasted to the adjacent nodes through the P2P network, the range of the adjacent nodes is set according to the network topology structure, and the communication radius and the number of the nodes are comprehensively considered.
C13. After the adjacent nodes receive the data, the validity and the accuracy of the data are verified through a power system state estimation algorithm according to the historical data and other node data collected by the system at present.
C14. And according to a consensus algorithm, storing the data after the data passes 2/3 node verification, and performing uplink storage.
The determination of the scheduling operation scheme of the computing node mainly includes data acquisition, data calculation, and formulation and verification of the scheduling operation scheme, and the flow is shown in fig. 3, specifically as follows.
C21. And reading each verified item of data from the block chain by the computing node responsible for scheduling the operation scheme establishment within a certain time period t.
C22. The computing nodes utilize data of a certain time section of the whole community network to perform analysis and calculation on the power system, such as load flow calculation, safety analysis and the like, and generate a new scheduling operation scheme after finishing various calculations.
C23. And broadcasting the new scheduling operation scheme to other computing nodes of the whole network, wherein the new scheduling operation scheme corresponds to a Pre-preparation Pre-Prepare stage of the PBFT.
C24. And after receiving the new scheduling operation scheme, other computing nodes simulate and execute the new scheduling operation scheme, and verify the feasibility and the safety of the new scheduling operation scheme. After the verification is passed, storing the verification scheduling operation scheme into a preparation list, and immediately returning the verification scheduling operation scheme which is completed by the verification signature to the computing node; corresponding to the pre-prep stage of PBFT.
C25. And after the computing node receives the result confirmation of the 2f other computing nodes to the new scheduling operation scheme, storing the verification scheduling operation scheme into the block chain to finish the confirmation of the data storage and scheduling operation scheme, and uniformly and automatically scheduling and executing all the nodes according to the verification scheduling operation scheme.
D. And after the scheduling operation scheme is stored in the block chain, driving the electrical equipment to automatically execute the scheduling operation scheme by using an intelligent contract.
And at the next time period t +1, replacing the computing nodes according to the DPOS rotation algorithm, and starting the computation of the next period and the determination of the scheduling operation scheme.
According to the invention, the block chain technology can distribute and store various data in the community system on a plurality of nodes, the data is finally synchronized and integrally backed up among a plurality of nodes, when some nodes are attacked, the integral data is still highly effective and reliable, and the rest nodes maintain the stable operation of the system by virtue of the integral data, so that the operation safety of the community energy system is improved.
Claims (4)
1. The community energy autonomous method with distributed power generation based on the block chain technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. determining the connection relation among the electrical equipment and the parameters of the electrical equipment according to the grid structure of the community power system;
B. building a block chain P2P network covering each electrical device in a community, and building a consensus mechanism and decentralized trust of community distributed generation automatic transaction and autonomous scheduling driven by the block chain; the independent nodes in the block chain P2P network are divided into calculation nodes and light nodes according to functions; the light node is responsible for collecting data, transmitting the data to the computing node, and storing the data in the block chain after verification;
C. each electrical device or each measuring device is respectively internally provided with a block chain module which is used as an independent node in a block chain P2P network, is communicated with the measuring module in real time, acquires measuring data, participates in each consensus algorithm, and makes a scheduling operation scheme; determining a data uplink of the independent node and a scheduling operation scheme of the computing node;
when the independent node acquires data, the data are broadcasted to the adjacent nodes through a P2P network, and after the adjacent nodes receive the data, the validity and the accuracy of the data are verified through a power system state estimation algorithm according to historical data and other currently collected node data; according to a consensus algorithm, when the data passes 2/3 node verification, the data is stored and is linked up for storage;
the method for determining the scheduling operation scheme of the computing node specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a computing node which is responsible for scheduling operation scheme establishment in a certain time period t reads each item of verified data from a block chain, power system analysis and calculation are carried out by utilizing a certain time section data of the whole community network, the computing node generates a new scheduling operation scheme after completing each item of calculation, the new scheduling operation scheme is broadcasted to other computing nodes of the whole network, the feasibility and the safety of the new scheduling operation scheme are immediately verified after the other computing nodes receive the new scheduling operation scheme, and the verified scheduling operation scheme which is verified and signed is immediately returned to the computing node after the verification is passed; after the computing node receives the result confirmation of the 2f other computing nodes to the new scheduling operation scheme, the verification scheduling operation scheme is stored in the block chain, and all the nodes are uniformly and automatically scheduled and executed according to the verification scheduling operation scheme;
D. and after the scheduling operation scheme is stored in the block chain, driving the electrical equipment to automatically execute the scheduling operation scheme by using an intelligent contract.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the computing nodes in step B have data storage and computation functions, are responsible for performing complex computations and verification, issue commonly-identified scheduling operation schemes to the nodes, and drive the electrical devices to automatically execute the scheduling operation schemes by using intelligent contracts.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the consensus mechanism in step B is a distributed consensus scheduling mechanism using DPOS-PBFT, and the DPOS is first used to select some nodes in the community network as computing nodes to be responsible for computing the system scheduling scheme in a certain time interval, the computing nodes have the same right among each other, the computing nodes are executed in a certain order, and each computing node is responsible for computing and formulating the scheduling operation scheme in a time interval.
4. The community energy autonomous method with distributed power generation based on the block chain technology of claim 1, wherein the range selection of the adjacent nodes is set according to a network topology, and the communication radius and the number of nodes are comprehensively considered.
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