CN109977561A - A kind of design method of asymmetric double step ring rolling blank dimension - Google Patents

A kind of design method of asymmetric double step ring rolling blank dimension Download PDF

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CN109977561A
CN109977561A CN201910246938.4A CN201910246938A CN109977561A CN 109977561 A CN109977561 A CN 109977561A CN 201910246938 A CN201910246938 A CN 201910246938A CN 109977561 A CN109977561 A CN 109977561A
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ring
blank
height
volume
interface
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CN109977561B (en
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韩学波
齐会萍
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Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
    • B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种非对称双台阶环件辗扩毛坯尺寸的设计方法。本发明主要是解决现有异形环件辗扩成形工艺的毛坯尺寸设计方法存在的金属材料分配不合理和制坯难度大的技术问题。本发明采用的技术方案是：该设计方法，所述非对称双台阶环件为环件上、下台阶外径不相同且上、下台阶的壁厚不相同的环件，设计步骤为：1)设环件凹槽高度的二分之一处为分界面，2)将毛坯设为带一个外台阶的环形毛坯并设定毛坯分界面与环件的分界面等高，3)计算环件上台阶部分体积Vu、下台阶部分体积Vd和总体积V0，4)根据辗扩比K，确定毛坯内径d0，5)计算毛坯的下半部分体积V'd，确定毛坯小端外径d2，6)计算毛坯体积V'0，确定毛坯外台阶长度l，7)确定毛坯外台阶外径d1。

The invention relates to a design method for rolling blank size of an asymmetric double-step ring piece. The invention mainly solves the technical problems of unreasonable distribution of metal materials and difficulty in making blanks existing in the blank size design method of the existing special-shaped ring piece rolling and expanding forming process. The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: in this design method, the asymmetric double-step ring is a ring with different outer diameters of the upper and lower steps of the ring and different wall thicknesses of the upper and lower steps, and the design steps are: 1 ) Set one half of the height of the ring groove as the interface, 2) Set the blank as an annular blank with an outer step and set the blank interface and the interface of the ring to have the same height, 3) Calculate the ring The upper step part volume V u , the lower step part volume V d and the total volume V 0 , 4) According to the rolling-to-expansion ratio K, determine the inner diameter d 0 of the blank, 5) Calculate the volume V'd of the lower half of the blank, and determine the small end of the blank Outer diameter d 2 , 6) Calculate the blank volume V' 0 , determine the length l of the outer step of the blank, 7) Determine the outer diameter d 1 of the outer step of the blank.

Description

一种非对称双台阶环件辗扩毛坯尺寸的设计方法A design method for rolling blank size of asymmetric double-step ring

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种非对称双台阶环件辗扩毛坯尺寸的设计方法，它属于异形环件加工成形技术领域。The invention relates to a design method for rolling blank size of an asymmetric double-step ring piece, which belongs to the technical field of processing and forming of special-shaped ring pieces.

背景技术Background technique

毛坯尺寸的设计在异形环件辗扩成形工艺中是非常关键的环节，它关系着异形环件能否辗扩成形预期的尺寸。一般对于台阶类异形环件，台阶辗扩成形难度大，毛坯设计遵循体积不变、截面相等等原则，但对于非对称双台阶环件，上下具有两个外台阶，且台阶尺寸相差较大，若采用体积相等原则设计矩形截面毛坯，由于金属材料分配不合理，导致出现长台阶材料充填不满，短台阶材料堆积现象；而采用截面相等原则设计异形毛坯，环坯中间会出现凹槽，增大制坯难度，不符合实际生产。因此，上述毛坯设计方法不适用于非对称双台阶环件辗扩成形。The design of the blank size is a very critical link in the forming process of the special-shaped ring, which is related to whether the special-shaped ring can be rolled to the expected size. Generally, for stepped special-shaped rings, it is difficult to expand the steps, and the blank design follows the principles of constant volume and cross-section. If the rectangular section blank is designed using the principle of equal volume, due to the unreasonable distribution of metal materials, the long-step material will not be filled properly, and the short-step material will accumulate. The difficulty of making billets does not meet the actual production. Therefore, the above blank design method is not suitable for rolling and expanding the asymmetric double-step ring.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是解决现有异形环件辗扩成形工艺的毛坯尺寸设计方法存在的金属材料分配不合理和制坯难度大的技术问题，提供一种非对称双台阶环件辗扩毛坯尺寸的设计方法。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems of unreasonable distribution of metal materials and difficulty in making blanks existing in the blank size design method of the existing special-shaped ring member rolling and expanding forming process, and provide a kind of asymmetric double-step ring member rolling blank size. design method.

为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

一种非对称双台阶环件辗扩毛坯尺寸的设计方法，其中：所述非对称双台阶环件为环件上、下台阶外径不相同且上、下台阶的壁厚不相同的环件，设计步骤为：A method for designing an asymmetric double-step ring to expand the size of a blank, wherein: the asymmetric double-step ring is a ring with different outer diameters of the upper and lower steps of the ring and different wall thicknesses of the upper and lower steps. , the design steps are:

1)设环件凹槽高度的二分之一处为分界面，将环件分为环件上台阶部分和环件下台阶部分；1) Set one half of the height of the ring groove as the interface, and divide the ring into the upper step part of the ring and the lower step part of the ring;

2)将毛坯设为带一个外台阶的环形毛坯并设定毛坯分界面与环件的分界面等高，将毛坯分为带外台阶部分和不带外台阶部分，使环件上台阶部分与毛坯带外台阶部分体积相等，环件下台阶部分与毛坯不带外台阶部分体积相等，且环件上台阶轴向高度与毛坯外台阶轴向高度相等；2) Set the blank as a ring blank with an outer step and set the same height between the blank interface and the interface of the ring, divide the blank into a part with an outer step and a part without an outer step, so that the upper step part of the ring and the ring are equal. The volume of the outer step part of the blank is equal, the volume of the lower step part of the ring is the same as that of the blank without the outer step, and the axial height of the upper step of the ring is equal to the axial height of the outer step of the blank;

3)依据下述公式计算环件上台阶部分体积Vu、下台阶部分体积Vd和总体积V0 3) Calculate the volume V u of the upper step part of the ring, the volume V d of the lower step part and the total volume V 0 according to the following formula

V0＝Vu+Vd (3)V 0 =V u +V d (3)

式中：D1为环件上台阶外径，H1为环件上台阶轴向高度，D2为环件中间部分外径，H2为环件中间部分轴向高度，D3为环件下台阶外径，H3为环件下台阶轴向高度，D0为环件内径，R1为环件倒角；In the formula: D 1 is the outer diameter of the upper step of the ring, H 1 is the axial height of the upper step of the ring, D 2 is the outer diameter of the middle part of the ring, H 2 is the axial height of the middle part of the ring, and D 3 is the ring The outer diameter of the lower step, H3 is the axial height of the lower step of the ring, D0 is the inner diameter of the ring, and R1 is the chamfer of the ring;

4)根据辗扩比K，确定毛坯内径d0 4) According to the rolling and expanding ratio K, determine the inner diameter d 0 of the blank

5)根据下述公式计算毛坯的下半部分体积V′d，确定毛坯小端外径d2 5) Calculate the volume V′ d of the lower half of the blank according to the following formula, and determine the outer diameter d 2 of the small end of the blank

式中：d0为毛坯内径，h2为毛坯分界面高度，h2＝H4，H4为环件分界面高度，In the formula: d 0 is the inner diameter of the blank, h 2 is the height of the blank interface, h 2 =H 4 , H 4 is the height of the ring interface,

其中：V′d＝Vd，则 Where: V′ d =V d , then

6)根据下述公式计算毛坯体积V′0，确定毛坯外台阶长度l6) Calculate the blank volume V′ 0 according to the following formula, and determine the length l of the outer step of the blank

式中：h0为毛坯的高度，h1为毛坯外台阶轴向高度，R2为毛坯倒角，Where: h 0 is the height of the blank, h 1 is the axial height of the outer step of the blank, R 2 is the blank chamfer,

其中：V′0＝V0，h1＝H1，h0＝H0，H0为环件总高度，则Wherein: V′ 0 =V 0 , h 1 =H 1 , h 0 =H 0 , H 0 is the total height of the ring, then

7)确定毛坯外台阶外径d1 7) Determine the outer diameter d 1 of the outer step of the blank

d1＝2l+d0 (9)。d 1 =21+d 0 (9).

本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

由于本发明确定了毛坯内径d0，毛坯小端外径d2，毛坯外台阶长度l，毛坯倒角R2与环件尺寸的关系，能够快速准确地计算得出毛坯的所有尺寸，提高了设计效率；通过将环件分为两部分，可以达到毛坯合理分配材料的目的；通过设计带外台阶的毛坯，可以解决环件上台阶由于台阶较长而不容易填充问题；此外，整个毛坯设计降低了制坯的难度，提高了材料利用率，为实际环件生产节约成本。Because the invention determines the relationship between the inner diameter d 0 of the blank, the outer diameter d 2 of the small end of the blank, the length l of the outer step of the blank, the chamfer R 2 of the blank and the size of the ring, all the dimensions of the blank can be quickly and accurately calculated, and the improvement is improved. Design efficiency; by dividing the ring into two parts, the purpose of rationally distributing the material of the blank can be achieved; by designing the blank with outer steps, the problem that the upper steps of the ring cannot be easily filled due to the long steps can be solved; in addition, the entire blank design The difficulty of blank making is reduced, the material utilization rate is improved, and the cost is saved for the actual ring production.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明非对称双台阶环件锻件结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the asymmetric double-step ring forging of the present invention;

图2是本发明毛坯的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the blank of the present invention;

图中：D0为环件内径，D1为环件上台阶外径，D2为环件中间部分外径，D3为环件下台阶外径，H1为环件上台阶轴向高度，H2为环件中间部分轴向高度，H3为环件下台阶轴向高度，H4为环件分界面高度，H0为环件总高度，R1为环件倒角，d0为毛坯内径，d1为毛坯外台阶外径，d2为毛坯小端外径，h0为毛坯的高度，h1为毛坯外台阶轴向高度，h2为毛坯分界面高度，R2为毛坯倒角，l为毛坯外台阶长度。In the figure: D 0 is the inner diameter of the ring, D 1 is the outer diameter of the upper step of the ring, D 2 is the outer diameter of the middle part of the ring, D 3 is the outer diameter of the lower step of the ring, and H 1 is the axial height of the upper step of the ring , H2 is the axial height of the middle part of the ring, H3 is the axial height of the lower step of the ring, H4 is the height of the interface of the ring, H0 is the total height of the ring, R1 is the chamfer of the ring, d0 is the inner diameter of the blank, d 1 is the outer diameter of the outer step of the blank, d 2 is the outer diameter of the small end of the blank, h 0 is the height of the blank, h 1 is the axial height of the outer step of the blank, h 2 is the height of the blank interface, and R 2 is Blank chamfering, l is the length of the outer step of the blank.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

本实施例中的一种非对称双台阶环件辗扩毛坯尺寸的设计方法，其中：如图1所示，所述非对称双台阶环件为环件上、下台阶外径不相同且上、下台阶的壁厚不相同的环件，设计步骤为：In the present embodiment, a method for designing an asymmetric double-step ring to expand the size of a blank, wherein: as shown in FIG. , For rings with different wall thicknesses, the design steps are:

1)因所述环件辗扩过程中需要凹槽部分金属材料向环件上下两端流动，故设环件凹槽高度的二分之一处为分界面，将环件分为环件上台阶部分和环件下台阶部分；使金属材料可以在分界面附近分别向上向下流动；1) Because the metal material of the groove part needs to flow to the upper and lower ends of the ring during the rolling and expanding process of the ring, half of the height of the groove of the ring is set as the interface, and the ring is divided into the upper and lower ends of the ring. The step part and the lower step part of the ring; so that the metal material can flow upward and downward respectively near the interface;

2)由于上台阶需要金属材料多，故设计带外台阶毛坯如图2所示，即增加毛坯上半部分体积，且环件辗扩前后轴向高度不变，并设定毛坯分界面与环件的分界面等高，将毛坯分为带外台阶部分和不带外台阶部分，使环件上台阶部分与毛坯带外台阶部分体积相等，环件下台阶部分与毛坯不带外台阶部分体积相等，且环件上台阶轴向高度与毛坯外台阶轴向高度相等；2) Since a lot of metal materials are needed to go up the steps, the blank with outer steps is designed as shown in Figure 2, that is, the volume of the upper half of the blank is increased, and the axial height of the ring before and after rolling is unchanged, and the blank interface and the ring are set. The interface of the part is of the same height, and the blank is divided into a part with an outer step and a part without an outer step, so that the upper step part of the ring and the outer step part of the blank are equal in volume, and the lower step part of the ring part and the blank without outer steps The volume of the step part is equal. are equal, and the axial height of the upper step of the ring is equal to the axial height of the outer step of the blank;

3)依据下述公式计算环件上台阶部分体积Vu、下台阶部分体积Vd和总体积V0 3) Calculate the volume V u of the upper step part of the ring, the volume V d of the lower step part and the total volume V 0 according to the following formula

V0＝Vu+Vd (3)V 0 =V u +V d (3)

式中：D1为环件上台阶外径，H1为环件上台阶轴向高度，D2为环件中间部分外径，H2为环件中间部分轴向高度，D3为环件下台阶外径，H3为环件下台阶轴向高度，D0为环件内径，R1为环件倒角；In the formula: D 1 is the outer diameter of the upper step of the ring, H 1 is the axial height of the upper step of the ring, D 2 is the outer diameter of the middle part of the ring, H 2 is the axial height of the middle part of the ring, and D 3 is the ring The outer diameter of the lower step, H3 is the axial height of the lower step of the ring, D0 is the inner diameter of the ring, and R1 is the chamfer of the ring;

4)根据辗扩比K，确定毛坯内径d0 4) According to the rolling and expanding ratio K, determine the inner diameter d 0 of the blank

5)根据下述公式计算毛坯的下半部分体积V′d，确定毛坯小端外径d2 5) Calculate the volume V′ d of the lower half of the blank according to the following formula, and determine the outer diameter d 2 of the small end of the blank

式中：d0为毛坯内径，h2为毛坯分界面高度，h2＝H4，H4为环件分界面高度，In the formula: d 0 is the inner diameter of the blank, h 2 is the height of the blank interface, h 2 =H 4 , H 4 is the height of the ring interface,

其中：V′d＝Vd，则 Where: V′ d =V d , then

6)根据下述公式计算毛坯体积V′0，确定毛坯外台阶长度l6) Calculate the blank volume V′ 0 according to the following formula, and determine the length l of the outer step of the blank

式中：h0为毛坯的高度，h1为毛坯外台阶轴向高度，R2为毛坯倒角，Where: h 0 is the height of the blank, h 1 is the axial height of the outer step of the blank, R 2 is the blank chamfer,

其中：V′0＝V0，h1＝H1，h0＝H0，H0为环件总高度，则Wherein: V′ 0 =V 0 , h 1 =H 1 , h 0 =H 0 , H 0 is the total height of the ring, then

7)确定毛坯外台阶外径d1 7) Determine the outer diameter d 1 of the outer step of the blank

d1＝2l+d0 (9)。d 1 =21+d 0 (9).

下面通过一工程实例对本发明做进一步的描述。The present invention is further described below through an engineering example.

如图1、2所示，环件锻件尺寸为：D1＝473mm，D2＝374mm，D3＝415mm，H1＝45mm，H2＝127mm，H3＝40mm，D0＝304mm，R1＝R2＝20mm。As shown in Figures 1 and 2 , the dimensions of the ring forgings are: D1 = 473mm, D2=374mm, D3 =415mm, H1 = 45mm, H2 =127mm, H3 = 40mm, D0 =304mm, R 1 =R 2 =20mm.

①根据上述公式(1)、(2)和(3)计算得出环件上台阶部分体积Vu、下台阶部分体积Vd和总体积V0：①According to the above formulas (1), (2) and (3), the upper step part volume V u , the lower step part volume V d and the total volume V 0 are calculated:

Vu＝7060786.446mm3，Vd＝4927075.657mm3，V0＝11987862.103mm3；V u =7060786.446mm 3 , V d =4927075.657mm 3 , V 0 =11987862.103mm 3 ;

②选择辗扩比K＝1.52，根据公式(4)计算得出毛坯内径d0＝200mm；②Select the rolling and expanding ratio K=1.52, and calculate the inner diameter of the blank d 0 =200mm according to formula (4);

③根据公式(5)和(6)得出毛坯小端外径d2＝317.19mm；③ According to formulas (5) and (6), the outer diameter of the small end of the blank d 2 =317.19mm is obtained;

④根据公式(7)和(8)得出毛坯台阶长度l＝36.97mm；④ According to formulas (7) and (8), the length of the blank step l=36.97mm;

⑤根据公式(9)得出毛坯外台阶外径d1＝391.13mm。⑤ According to formula (9), the outer diameter of the outer step of the blank d 1 =391.13mm is obtained.

本发明并不局限于上述实施方式，如果对本发明的各种改动或变型不脱离本发明的精神和范围，倘若这些改动和变型属于本发明的权利要求和等同技术范围之内，则本发明也包含这些改动和变型。The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. If various changes or modifications of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, if these changes and modifications belong to the claims of the present invention and the equivalent technical scope, then the present invention also Contains these changes and variants.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of design method of asymmetric double step ring rolling blank dimension, it is characterised in that: the asymmetric double step Ring is that the upper and lower outer diameter of step of ring is identical and the different ring of wall thickness of upper and lower step, design procedure are as follows:
1) it sets as interface at the half of ring groove height, ring is divided into ring appears on the stage exponent part and ring is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation Part；
2) blank is set as the annular blank of one outer step of band and the interface for setting blank interface and ring is contour, by hair Base is divided into band between outer land exponent part and without between outer land exponent part, and ring is made to appear on the stage exponent part and blank with outer step partial volume phase It is equal without outer step partial volume with blank Deng, ring part of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, and ring top bar axial height and blank between outer land Rank axial height is equal；
3) ring top bar partial volume V is calculated according to following formulau, stepped down part partial volume VdWith total volume V0
V0=Vu+Vd (3)
In formula: D1For ring top bar outer diameter, H1For ring top bar axial height, D2For ring middle section outer diameter, H2For ring Part middle section axial height, D3It gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation outer diameter for ring, H3It gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation axial height for ring, D0For ring internal diameter, R1For Ring chamfering；
4) according to rolling ratio K, blank internal diameter d is determined0
5) the lower half portion volume V ' of blank is calculated according to following formulad, determine blank small end outside diameter d2
In formula: d0For blank internal diameter, h2For blank stratification interface height, h2=H4, H4For ring stratification interface height,
Wherein: V 'd=Vd, then
6) blank volume V ' is calculated according to following formula0, determine blank outer step length l
In formula: h0For the height of blank, h1For blank outer step axial height, R2For blank chamfering,
Wherein: V '0=V0, h1=H1, h0=H0, H0For ring total height, then
7) blank outer step outside diameter d is determined1
d1=2l+d0 (9)。
CN201910246938.4A 2019-03-29 2019-03-29 Design method for rolling blank size of asymmetric double-step ring piece Active CN109977561B (en)

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CN111318630A (en) * 2020-03-18 2020-06-23 武汉理工大学 Near-net composite rolling forming method for inner ring of tapered roller bearing
CN111318630B (en) * 2020-03-18 2021-07-20 武汉理工大学 A near-net composite rolling forming method for the inner ring of a tapered roller bearing
CN112453293A (en) * 2020-11-04 2021-03-09 中国航发南方工业有限公司 Rolling method of special-shaped ring with L-shaped section
CN112453293B (en) * 2020-11-04 2022-06-07 中国航发南方工业有限公司 Rolling method of special-shaped ring with L-shaped section

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