CN109969217B

CN109969217B - Tread braking unit

Info

Publication number: CN109969217B
Application number: CN201910346419.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈俊杰; 赵志成; 洪应昌; 姜永明; 曾地明
Original assignee: Sichuan Jiangshan Rail Transportation Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Jiangshan Rail Transportation Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-04-26
Filing date: 2019-04-26
Publication date: 2023-12-26
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-26
Also published as: CN109969217A

Abstract

The invention discloses a tread braking unit which comprises a braking cylinder body, a hook Bei Tuigan, an adjusting mechanism, a first restoring spring, a tower-shaped spring, a bearing bracket, a needle bearing, a braking column, a tile bracket suspender and a brake head; the brake cylinder body is provided with a brake air inlet, two opposite side surfaces of the brake cylinder body are provided with mounting through holes, the bearing support comprises two connecting sleeves fixed on the mounting through holes and a brake sleeve sleeved outside the two connecting sleeves in a sliding mode, the adjusting mechanism is connected in the two connecting sleeves in a sliding mode, one end of the adjusting mechanism extends out of the brake cylinder body from one connecting sleeve, and the adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected with the brake sleeve through a connecting piece. The tread braking unit has better rigidity and strength and stronger transverse force resistance of a braking cylinder body, a tile bracket suspender and a brake head; during the use, the phenomena of left and right eccentric wear of the brake shoe and the wheel tread grinding groove can be effectively prevented, and the bending deformation of the adjusting screw is prevented.

Description

Tread braking unit

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicle braking, in particular to a tread braking unit.

Background

The usual forms of foundation brake devices for rail transit vehicles are: a tread braking device for compressing the tread by a brake shoe to obtain braking force and a disc braking device for clamping a brake disc by a brake pad to obtain braking force. The application and alleviation of the tread brake brakes is generally achieved with compressed air: applying a brake when compressed air is charged; releasing the brake when compressed air is expelled. The tread braking device generally consists of a cylinder body, a main shaft assembly, a force amplifying mechanism, a clearance adjusting mechanism, a thrust ring, a brake shoe swinging mechanism and the like. The piston in the cylinder body drives the main shaft (hook Bei Tuigan) through the cam under the pushing of compressed gas to push the brake head to advance, so that the brake shoe holds the tread of the wheel tightly, friction force is generated, and braking is realized.

The shoe swing mechanism of the tread braking device is a component directly acting on the wheel, and the stability and the reliability of the structure are directly related to the braking effect. The prior tread braking device has the following problems: 1. during the use process, the phenomena of left and right eccentric wear of the brake head and the wheel tread grinding groove appear, and the adjusting screw rod can bend and deform; 2. the size and uniformity of the gap between the brake shoe and the tread of the wheel cannot be guaranteed in the using process; 3. the brake shoe is inconvenient to update; 4. the braking device can generate larger elastic deformation under the action of tangential force and transverse force applied to the brake head, and the braking effect is affected; 5. the manufacturing of parts, the assembly of parts and the whole machine is poor in manufacturability.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tread braking unit which has better rigidity and strength and stronger transverse force resistance, namely a braking cylinder body, a tile bracket suspender and a brake head; during the use, the phenomena of left and right eccentric wear of the brake shoe and the wheel tread grinding groove can be effectively prevented, and the bending deformation of the adjusting screw is prevented.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a tread braking unit comprises a braking cylinder body, a hook Bei Tuigan, an adjusting mechanism, a first restoring spring, a tower-shaped spring, a bearing bracket, a needle bearing, a braking column, a tile bracket suspender and a brake head; the brake cylinder is characterized in that a brake air inlet is formed in the brake cylinder, mounting through holes are formed in two opposite side surfaces of the brake cylinder, the bearing support is slidably connected inside the brake cylinder and perpendicular to the brake cylinder, the bearing support comprises a brake sleeve and a connecting sleeve fixed on one of the mounting through holes, one end of the brake sleeve is slidably sleeved outside the connecting sleeve, the other end of the brake sleeve is slidably connected in the mounting through hole far away from the connecting sleeve, one end of the adjusting mechanism is slidably connected in the connecting sleeve, the other end of the adjusting mechanism extends out of the brake cylinder from one end of the brake sleeve far away from the connecting sleeve, and the adjusting mechanism is connected with the brake sleeve through a connecting piece.

The brake cylinder is characterized in that the brake sleeve is sleeved with the needle bearing in a sliding mode, the needle bearing is fixedly connected with the brake cylinder body, the brake column is fixedly connected with the brake sleeve, the hook Bei Tuigan is arranged inside the brake cylinder body, the upper end of the hook Bei Tuigan is located below the air inlet, the lower end of the hook Bei Tuigan is located between the needle bearing and the brake column, the tower-shaped spring is sleeved with the hook Bei Tuigan, two ends of the tower-shaped spring are fixedly connected with the brake sleeve at the inner top of the brake cylinder body respectively, one end of the adjusting mechanism, far away from the needle bearing, extends out of the brake cylinder body, the extending end of the adjusting mechanism is in sliding connection with the brake cylinder body, the first restoring spring is sleeved with the adjusting mechanism, and two ends of the first restoring spring are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the brake cylinder body and the outer wall of the adjusting mechanism respectively.

One end of the tile holder suspender is hinged with the outside of the brake cylinder body, the other end of the tile holder suspender is hinged with the brake head, and one side of the brake head, which is close to the brake cylinder body, is connected with the extending end of the adjusting mechanism.

Four connecting threaded holes are formed in the mounting surface of the brake cylinder body, and the brake cylinder body is connected with a bogie on a locomotive through the four connecting threaded holes. Under the normal use condition, the brake unit cannot generate larger elastic deformation under the tangential force and the transverse force applied by the brake head, and the braking effect is ensured.

The connector may be a connecting ring.

Working principle: when braking is needed, compressed air is introduced from a braking air inlet, the compressed air drives the hook Bei Tuigan to move downwards, a wedge surface at the lower part of the hook Bei Tuigan is contacted with a braking column in the downward movement process, the braking column drives the braking sleeve to slide along the axial direction of the shaft under the action of the wedge surface, the braking sleeve drives the adjusting mechanism to move, and the brake head is pushed to move when the adjusting mechanism moves, so that braking is realized. The needle roller bearing is arranged to ensure the motion track of the hook push rod and prevent the hook push rod from shifting. The first return spring is provided to return the adjustment mechanism during braking, and the tower spring is provided to return the hook Bei Tuigan during braking.

Preferably, the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting screw, a gland and a support, wherein the adjusting screw is slidably connected in the two connecting sleeves, the gland and the support are arranged outside the brake cylinder body, the gland is in threaded connection with the support, and a cavity is arranged between the gland and the support; a through hole is formed in one side, away from the support, of the gland, and the inner diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the adjusting screw; one side of the support, which is close to the gland, is provided with a positioning groove, one end of the adjusting screw rod penetrates through the through hole and stretches into the positioning groove, and one end of the adjusting screw rod stretching into the positioning groove is provided with a positioning block; a mounting hole is formed in one side, away from the gland, of the support, and the mounting hole is connected with the brake head; the axial direction of the mounting hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the adjusting screw rod; the length direction of the positioning groove is perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting hole, and the length of the positioning groove is larger than that of the positioning block; and a washer is sleeved on the adjusting screw, and a first belleville spring is arranged between the washer and the positioning block.

The head of the adjusting screw rod is tightly pressed with the support by the first disc spring, so that the joint surface between the head of the adjusting screw rod and the support is tightly attached without gaps, the adjusting screw rod has a positioning function on the support, the gaps between the brake shoes and the tread of the wheels are ensured to be uniform, the support can slide up and down relative to the adjusting screw rod, and the support, together with the brake head and the brake shoes, moves up and down relative to the adjusting screw rod, thereby solving the combination of the linear motion of the adjusting screw rod and the arc motion of the support, the brake head and the brake shoes along with the brake shoe suspender.

Preferably, the top of the braking cylinder body is provided with an energy storage cylinder, a spring braking piston, a spring braking nut and a spring braking cylinder cover are arranged in the energy storage cylinder from bottom to top, the energy storage cylinder is communicated with an air inlet, the spring braking piston is slidably sleeved in the energy storage cylinder, the spring braking piston is slidably connected with a spring braking screw rod, the spring braking nut is sleeved outside the spring braking screw rod, the lower end of the spring braking nut is rotationally connected with the spring braking piston, the upper end of the spring braking screw rod extends out of the spring braking cylinder cover, a sliding ring sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spring braking screw rod, a second restoring spring is sleeved outside the spring braking nut, two ends of the second restoring spring are fixedly connected with the sliding ring sleeve and the spring braking nut respectively, a first braking main spring and a second braking main spring are sequentially arranged outside the spring braking screw rod, and two ends of the first braking main spring and the second braking main spring are fixedly connected with the spring cylinder cover and the piston respectively.

When in a driving state, compressed air enters the energy storage cylinder to push the spring brake piston and the spring brake nut to compress the first brake main spring and the second brake main spring to move upwards, and the hook Bei Tuigan is positioned at the top end of the brake cylinder body under the action of the tower-shaped spring, and is in a state that the brake is released at the moment. When the braking is needed during the running, air is introduced into the braking cylinder body, and the air is pressed to push the hook push rod to move downwards, so that the braking is completed, and the specific principle is the same as that described above. When the vehicle is braked, no compressed air is supplied (air in the energy storage cylinder is discharged) in the vehicle, the spring braking screw rod moves downwards under the action of the first braking main spring and the second braking main spring, and the spring braking screw rod drives the hook shell push rod to move downwards to finish braking.

Preferably, the spring brake cylinder cover is provided with a hand relieving mechanism, the hand relieving mechanism comprises a hand relieving body, a pawl, a ratchet sleeve, a first hand relieving spring, a second hand relieving spring, a hand relieving sliding sleeve, a first pawl stirring sleeve and a second pawl stirring sleeve, the ratchet sleeve is rotationally connected to the spring brake cylinder cover, the pawl is rotationally connected to the spring brake cylinder cover through a pawl shaft, one end of the pawl is matched with a tooth slot of the ratchet sleeve, and a first sliding groove is axially formed in the inner wall of the ratchet sleeve; the outside of the sliding ring sleeve is provided with a sliding block matched with the first sliding groove, the upper end of the spring braking screw rod is sleeved inside the ratchet wheel sleeve, and the sliding block is in sliding connection with the first sliding groove.

The hand is released the body and is linked firmly on the spring braking jar lid, the hand is released the body and is provided with the installation cavity along length direction, the lateral wall of hand is released the body and is provided with the second sliding tray, the second sliding tray with installation cavity intercommunication, the hand is released the sliding sleeve through the installation cavity with body sliding connection is released to the hand, first pawl is stirred the cover and is stirred the cover with the second pawl and is fixed on the hand is released the sliding sleeve, first pawl is stirred the cover and the second pawl is stirred the one end of cover and is stretched out by the second sliding tray and with second sliding tray sliding connection, the other end of pawl respectively with first pawl is stirred the cover and second pawl is stirred the cover corresponding.

The first hand relieving spring and the second hand relieving spring are sequentially sleeved on the hand relieving sliding sleeve, and two ends of the first hand relieving spring are respectively tightly attached to the first pawl poking sleeve and the second pawl poking sleeve; and two ends of the second hand-relief spring are respectively tightly attached to the second pawl poking sleeve and the hand-relief sliding sleeve.

The hand release sliding sleeve is internally and fixedly provided with a pull rope, and one end of the pull rope extends out from one end of the hand release sliding sleeve.

When the braking is required to be relieved under the parking braking state, the pull rope is pulled manually, the pull rope drives the hand relieving sliding sleeve to move, the first pawl on the hand relieving sliding sleeve moves synchronously, when the first pawl moves, the pawl rotates to be separated from the second pawl moves, the pawl is separated from the tooth groove of the ratchet sleeve under the drive of the first pawl moves, and the parking braking cylinder is in a relieving state. The stay cord is fixed after pulling to keep alleviating the state, when the ratchet cover needs to lock, loosen the stay cord, the pawl is released the spring and is released the spring under the effect is released to the second hand to first hand, so first pawl stir the cover and drive the pawl reverse rotation, thereby locks the ratchet cover. When the parking brake is applied again, the pawl reversely rotates and drives the first pawl shifting sleeve and the second pawl shifting sleeve to reset, so that preparation is made for the next manual release.

Preferably, the tile holds in palm the jib and includes two tile support jib bodies of horizontal parallel arrangement and locates the connecting plate between two tile support jib bodies, the connecting plate level sets up and is mutually perpendicular with the opposite side of tile support jib body, the connecting plate be close to two tile support jib body's both ends respectively with tile support jib body fixed connection, tile support jib body both ends are the cylindric structure that the level set up and all offer the hinge hole along the axis. The two tile support suspender bodies are fixedly connected together through the connecting plate, so that the rigidity and the linkage effect between the two tile support suspender bodies are enhanced, the working efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the number of assembly parts is reduced, the assembly is more convenient, the effect of further coordinating synchronous operation is not needed, the production cost is reduced, the connecting plate is horizontally arranged, the connection range with the two tile support suspender bodies is improved, the stability is further improved, the two tile support suspender body integrated structure is provided, and the fault rate in the operation process is reduced.

Preferably, the brake cylinder body comprises a shell, two cantilevers are arranged on the shell in parallel, the cantilevers are fixedly connected through a connecting part, connecting lugs are arranged at one ends of the cantilevers, far away from the shell, of the cantilevers, and a connecting roller is arranged between the two connecting lugs; the side surface of the shell is provided with a threaded hole which is used for installing the shell; the shell, the cantilever, the connecting lug and the connecting roller are integrally formed. Through cantilever, the connecting roller of integration for the casing can be directly with the tile of integral type holds in palm the jib and be connected, each structure integrated into one piece has reduced accumulative error, and holistic dress precision is higher, structural strength is higher, makes the security higher, and life is longer.

Preferably, the energy storage cylinder comprises a base and an integrally formed cylinder body, an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet are arranged on the base, the lower air inlet is communicated with the brake air inlet, two first rubber sealing rings with the cross sections of being in a Y shape are arranged in the base, second rubber sealing rings with the cross sections of being in an O shape are arranged between the first rubber sealing rings, exhaust holes are formed in the side wall of the cylinder body, the base is connected with the cylinder body in a screwed mode through threads, and a third rubber sealing ring with the cross sections of being in an O shape is arranged between the base and the cylinder body.

Compressed air is input into the cylinder body through the upper air inlet, the cylinder body stores the compressed air, when the pressure value of the compressed air in the cylinder body reaches a certain value, the first braking main spring and the second braking main spring are compressed, the spring braking screw rod is pushed upwards through the spring braking piston, when the spring braking screw rod needs to be moved back to the original position downwards, the air is discharged to the outside of the cylinder body through the air outlet, and the spring braking screw rod is moved back to the original position downwards through the second restoring spring; compressed air is input into the brake cylinder through the lower air inlet, and braking is completed (the principle is the same as the above). The cylinder barrel body is of an integrated structure, the structure is simple, threads are arranged outside the cylinder barrel body, and the cylinder barrel body and the base are screwed together through the threads, so that the processing procedures are reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; and the four corners junction of cylinder body and base is equipped with a plurality of third rubber seal, seals cylinder body and base, has improved the leakproofness, has further guaranteed the energy storage effect. The inside a plurality of first rubber seal and the second rubber seal that are equipped with of base seals base and spring braking screw rod, further improves work effect.

Preferably, the automatic alignment structure for the brake shoe and the wheel tread is formed by the base, the rotating shaft, the brake head, the adjusting mechanism and the brake head suspender, one side of the base is connected with the adjusting mechanism, the other side of the base is provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, and the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are arranged between two inner side walls of the brake head; the brake head is arranged on the inner side of the tile head suspender, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the through hole on the tile head suspender, the through hole on the brake head and the first mounting hole to connect the tile head suspender, the brake head and the base; the inside wall of brake head is the friction surface, be equipped with two friction blocks in the second mounting hole, two the friction block respectively with two inside walls of brake head contact, two be equipped with the second belleville spring between the friction block, the second belleville spring is in compression state all the time.

In addition to the connection between the base and the brake head by the rotating shaft, two groups of second belleville springs and friction blocks are used for connecting the base and the brake head together. When the external force for enabling the brake head and the base to relatively rotate around the rotating shaft is smaller than the friction torque formed between the friction block and the brake head, the brake head and the base are kept relatively static; when the external force for enabling the brake head and the base to rotate relatively around the rotating shaft is larger than the friction torque formed between the friction block and the brake head, the brake head and the base rotate relatively. Therefore, in the braking process, the automatic alignment of the gap between the brake head and the tread of the wheel is realized.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

(1) The tread braking unit has better rigidity and strength and stronger transverse force resistance of a braking cylinder body, a tile bracket suspender and a brake head; during the use process, the phenomena of left and right eccentric wear of the brake shoe and the wheel tread grinding groove can be effectively prevented, and the bending deformation of the adjusting screw is prevented; the automatic adjusting mechanism of the gap between the brake shoe and the tread of the wheel has reliable performance, and the size of the gap and the uniformity of the gap between the brake shoe and the tread of the wheel can be reliably ensured in use; four connecting threaded holes are formed in the mounting surface of the brake cylinder body, and the brake cylinder body is connected with a bogie on a locomotive through the four connecting threaded holes. Under the normal use condition, the brake unit cannot generate larger elastic deformation under the tangential force and the transverse force applied by the brake head, so that the braking effect is ensured;

(2) The two tile support suspender bodies are fixedly connected through the connecting plate, so that the rigidity and the linkage effect of the tile support suspender bodies are improved, the working efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the number of assembly parts is reduced, the assembly is more convenient, the effect of further coordinating synchronous operation is not needed, the production cost is reduced, the horizontal setting mode of the connecting plate is adopted, the connection range with the two tile support suspender bodies is improved, the stability is further improved, the two tile support suspender body is of an integrated structure, and the failure rate in the operation process is reduced;

(3) The energy storage cylinder adopts integrated into one piece's cylinder body, need not welding process, the cylinder body only need through the screw thread connect together can, has reduced the process.

(4) In addition to the connection between the stand and the brake head by the rotating shaft, two sets of springs and friction blocks are used for connecting the stand and the brake head together. When the external force for enabling the brake head and the support to relatively rotate around the rotating shaft is smaller than the friction torque formed between the friction block and the brake head, the brake head and the support are kept relatively static; when the external force for rotating the brake head and the support relatively around the rotating shaft is larger than the friction torque formed between the friction block and the brake head, the brake head and the support relatively rotate. The automatic alignment of the gap between the brake head and the tread of the wheel in the braking process is realized.

(5) The adjusting screw can play a good positioning role on the support, and meanwhile, the combination of the linear motion of the adjusting screw and the arc motion of the support, the brake head and the brake shoe along with the brake shoe suspender can be met, so that the gap between the brake shoe and the wheel tread is ensured to be uniform.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a tread brake unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a tread braking unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a tread brake unit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a tread brake unit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an adjusting mechanism according to an embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a spring brake piston in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a second schematic diagram of the spring brake piston according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram III of a spring brake piston according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hand release mechanism in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a top view of a spring brake cylinder head in accordance with example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the construction of a shoe hanger bar in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a top view of a tile bracket boom of example 1 of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a brake cylinder in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of an accumulator in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the accumulator of example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration of an automatic alignment of brake shoes and wheel treads in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a second schematic structural view of the adjusting mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

reference numerals illustrate:

1. a brake cylinder; 2. a hook Bei Tuigan; 3. an adjusting mechanism; 4. a first restoring spring; 5. a tower-shaped spring; 6. a bearing support; 7. needle roller bearings; 8. a brake column; 9. a tile support suspender; 10. a brake head; 11. connecting sleeves; 12. a brake sleeve; 13. adjusting a screw; 14. a backing plate; 15. a support; 16. a first belleville spring; 17. a gasket; 18. a gland; 19. a through hole; 20. a positioning groove; 21. a positioning block; 211. a mounting hole; 22. a cavity; 23. an energy storage cylinder; 24. a spring brake piston; 25. a spring brake nut; 26. a spring brake cylinder cover; 27. a spring braking screw; 28. a sliding ring sleeve; 29. a second restoring spring; 30. a first brake main spring; 31. a second brake main spring; 32. a third belleville spring; 33. hand-slowing down; 34. a pawl; 35. a ratchet sleeve; 36. a first hand relief spring; 37. a second hand relief spring; 38. a hand-release sliding sleeve; 39. the first pawl toggles the sleeve; 40. the second pawl toggles the sleeve; 41. a pull rope; 42. a tile support boom body; 43. a connecting plate; 44. a hinge hole; 45. a base; 46. a cylinder body; 47. a first rubber seal ring; 48. a second rubber seal ring; 49. a third rubber seal ring; 50. an upper air inlet; 51. a lower air inlet; 52. an exhaust hole; 53. a base; 54. a rotating shaft; 55. a first mounting hole; 56. a second mounting hole; 57. a second belleville spring; 58. a friction block; 59. a housing; 60. a cantilever; 61. a connection part; 62. a connecting roller; 63. and a connecting lug.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a tread braking unit comprises a braking cylinder body 1, a hook shell push rod 2, an adjusting mechanism 3, a first restoring spring 4, a tower-shaped spring 5, a bearing bracket 6, a needle bearing 7, a braking column 8, a tile bracket suspender 9 and a brake head 10; the brake cylinder body 1 is provided with a brake air inlet, two opposite side surfaces of the brake cylinder body 1 are provided with mounting through holes, the bearing support 6 is in sliding connection inside the brake cylinder body 1, the bearing support 6 is perpendicular to the brake cylinder body 1, the bearing support 6 comprises a brake sleeve 12 and a connecting sleeve 11 fixed on the mounting through holes 19, one end of the brake sleeve 12 is slidably sleeved outside the connecting sleeve 11, the other end of the brake sleeve 12 is slidably connected in the mounting through holes 19 far away from the connecting sleeve 11, one end of the adjusting mechanism 3 is slidably connected in the connecting sleeve 11, the other end of the adjusting mechanism 3 extends out of the brake cylinder body 1 from one end of the brake sleeve 12 far away from the connecting sleeve 11, and the adjusting mechanism 3 is connected with the brake sleeve 12 through a connecting piece.

The brake cylinder is characterized in that the needle bearing 7 is slidably sleeved outside the brake sleeve 12, the needle bearing 7 is fixedly connected with the brake cylinder body 1, the brake column 8 is fixedly connected outside the brake sleeve 12, the hook Bei Tuigan 2 is arranged inside the brake cylinder body 1, the upper end of the hook-and-shell push rod 2 is positioned below the air inlet, the lower end of the hook-and-shell push rod 2 is positioned between the needle bearing 7 and the brake column 8, the tower-shaped spring 5 is sleeved outside the hook Bei Tuigan, two ends of the tower-shaped spring 5 are respectively fixedly connected with the inner top of the brake cylinder body 1 and the brake sleeve 12, one end, far away from the needle bearing 7, of the adjusting mechanism 3 is stretched out by the brake cylinder body 1, the stretched-out end is slidably connected with the brake cylinder body 1, the first restoring spring 4 is sleeved outside the adjusting mechanism 3, and two ends of the first restoring spring 4 are respectively fixedly connected with the inner wall of the brake cylinder body 1 and the outer wall of the adjusting mechanism 3.

One end of the tile holder boom 9 is hinged to the outside of the brake cylinder 1, the other end of the tile holder boom 9 is hinged to the brake head 10, and one side of the brake head 10 close to the brake cylinder 1 is connected to the protruding end of the adjusting mechanism 3.

Four connecting threaded holes are formed in the mounting surface of the brake cylinder body 1, and the brake cylinder body 1 is connected with a bogie on a locomotive through the four connecting threaded holes. So set up under normal use's condition, this braking unit can not produce great elastic deformation under the tangential force and the lateral force that brake head 10 received, has guaranteed the braking effect.

The connector may be a connecting ring.

Working principle: when braking is needed, compressed air is introduced from a braking air inlet, the compressed air drives the hook Bei Tuigan 2 to move downwards, a wedge surface at the lower part of the hook Bei Tuigan is contacted with the braking column 8 in the process of moving downwards, the braking column 8 drives the braking sleeve 12 to slide along the axial direction of the shaft under the action of the wedge surface, the braking sleeve 12 drives the adjusting mechanism 3 to move, and the brake head 10 is pushed to move when the adjusting mechanism 3 moves, so that braking is realized. The needle bearing 7 is provided to ensure the motion track of the hook push rod 2 and prevent the deviation. The first restoring spring 4 is arranged to restore the adjusting structure during braking, and the tower-shaped spring 5 is arranged to restore the hook-and-shell push rod 2 during braking.

As shown in fig. 5, the adjusting mechanism 3 includes an adjusting screw 13, a gland 18 and a support 15, the adjusting screw 13 is slidably connected in the two connecting sleeves 11, the gland 18 and the support 15 are disposed outside the brake cylinder 1, the gland 18 is in threaded connection with the support 15, and a cavity 22 is provided between the gland 18 and the support 15; a through hole 19 is formed in one side, away from the support 15, of the gland 18, and the inner diameter of the through hole 19 is larger than the outer diameter of the adjusting screw 13; a positioning groove 20 is formed in one side, close to the gland 18, of the support 15, one end of the adjusting screw 13 penetrates through the through hole 19 and stretches into the positioning groove 20, and a positioning block 21 is arranged at one end, stretching into the positioning groove 20, of the adjusting screw 13; a mounting hole 211 is formed in the side, away from the gland 18, of the support 15, and the mounting hole 211 is connected with the brake head 10; the axial direction of the mounting hole 211 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the adjusting screw 13; the length direction of the positioning groove 20 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting hole 211, and the length of the positioning groove 20 is greater than the length of the positioning block 21; the adjusting screw 13 is sleeved with a washer 17, and a first belleville spring 16 is arranged between the washer 17 and the positioning block 21. The bottom of the positioning groove 20 is provided with a backing plate 14.

The head of the adjusting screw 13 is tightly pressed with the support 15 by the first disc spring 16, so that the joint surface between the head of the adjusting screw 13 and the support 15 is tightly attached without gaps, the adjusting screw 13 plays a role in positioning the support 15, the gaps between the brake shoes and the tread of the wheels are ensured to be uniform, the support 15 can slide up and down relative to the adjusting screw 13, the support 15 and the brake head 10 move up and down relative to the adjusting screw 13, and the combination of the linear motion of the adjusting screw 13 and the arc motion of the support 15, the brake head 10 and the brake shoes along with the brake shoe suspenders is solved.

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the tile support boom 9 includes two tile support boom bodies 42 horizontally arranged in parallel and a connecting plate 43 disposed between the two tile support boom bodies 42, the connecting plate 43 is horizontally arranged and is perpendicular to opposite sides of the tile support boom bodies 42, two ends of the connecting plate 43, which are close to the two tile support boom bodies 42, are respectively fixedly connected with the tile support boom bodies 42, and two ends of the tile support boom bodies 42 are of a cylindrical structure which is horizontally arranged and are provided with hinge holes 44 along the axis. The rigidity and the linkage effect between two tile support jib bodies 42 are enhanced through connecting plate 43 fixed connection together by two tile support jib bodies 42, work efficiency is improved, simultaneously, the number of assembly parts is reduced, the assembly is more convenient, the effect of further coordinating synchronous operation is not needed, production cost is reduced, the horizontal setting mode of connecting plate 43 is improved, the connection range with two tile support jib bodies 42 is further improved, stability is further improved, the integral structure of two tile support jib bodies 42 is reduced, and the fault rate in the operation process is reduced.

As shown in fig. 13, the brake cylinder 1 includes a housing 59, two cantilevers 60 are disposed on the housing 59 in parallel, the cantilevers 60 are fixedly connected through a connecting portion 61, one ends of the cantilevers 60 far away from the housing 59 are respectively provided with a connecting lug 63, and a connecting roller 62 is disposed between the two connecting lugs 63; the side surface of the shell 59 is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is used for installing the shell 59; the housing 59, the cantilever arm 60, the connecting lug 63 and the connecting roller 62 are integrally formed. Through integrated cantilever 60, connecting roller 62 for casing 59 can be directly with the tile of integral type holds in palm jib 9 and be connected, each structure integrated into one piece has reduced the error of accumulation, and holistic dress is worn the clothes precision higher, structural strength is higher, makes the security higher, and life is longer.

As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the tread braking unit further comprises a base 53 and a rotating shaft 54, wherein the base 53, the rotating shaft 54, the brake head 10, the adjusting mechanism 3 and the brake head suspender 9 form a brake shoe and wheel tread automatic alignment structure, one side of the base 53 is connected with the adjusting mechanism 3, the other side of the base 53 is provided with a first mounting hole 55 and a second mounting hole 56, and the first mounting hole 55 and the second mounting hole 56 are respectively arranged between two inner side walls of the brake head 10; the brake head 10 is arranged on the inner side of the tile head boom 9, and the rotating shaft 54 passes through the through hole 19 on the tile head boom 9, the through hole 19 on the brake head 10 and the first mounting hole 55 to connect the tile head boom 9, the brake head 10 and the base 53; the inside wall of brake head 10 is the friction surface, be equipped with two friction blocks 58 in the second mounting hole 56, two friction blocks 58 respectively with two inside walls of brake head 10 contact, two be equipped with the second belleville spring 57 between the friction blocks 58, the second belleville spring 57 is in compression state all the time.

In addition to the connection between the base 53 and the brake head 10 by the spindle 54, two sets of second belleville springs 57 and friction blocks 58 are used to connect the base 53 to the brake head 10. When the external force causing relative rotation between the brake head 10 and the base 53 about the rotational axis 54 is less than the friction torque created between the friction block 58 and the brake head 10, the brake head 10 and the base 53 remain relatively stationary; when the external force that causes relative rotation between the brake head 10 and the base 53 about the rotational axis 54 is greater than the friction torque created between the friction block 58 and the brake head 10, the brake head 10 and the base 53 rotate relative to each other. Thus, during braking, an automatic alignment of the gap between the brake head 10 and the tread is achieved.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 1-4, in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, an energy storage cylinder 23 is disposed at the top of the brake cylinder 1, a spring brake piston 24, a spring brake nut 25 and a spring brake cylinder cover 26 are disposed in the energy storage cylinder 23 from bottom to top, the energy storage cylinder 23 is communicated with an air inlet, the spring brake piston 24 is slidably sleeved in the energy storage cylinder 23, the spring brake piston 24 is slidably connected with a spring brake screw 27, the spring brake nut 25 is sleeved outside the spring brake screw 27, the lower end of the spring brake nut 25 is rotatably connected with the spring brake piston 24, the upper end of the spring brake screw 27 extends from the spring brake cylinder cover 26, a sliding ring sleeve 28 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spring brake screw 27, a second restoring spring 29 is sleeved outside the spring brake nut 25, two ends of the second restoring spring 29 are respectively attached to the sliding ring sleeve 28 and the spring brake nut 25, a first main brake spring 30 and a second main brake spring 31 are sequentially disposed outside the spring brake screw 27, and two ends of the first main brake spring 30 and the second main brake spring 31 are respectively attached to the cylinder cover 31.

In the driving state, compressed air enters the energy storage cylinder 23 to push the spring brake piston 24 and the spring brake nut 25 to compress the first brake main spring 30 and the second brake main spring 31 to move upwards, and the hook Bei Tuigan 2 is positioned at the top end of the brake cylinder body 1 under the action of the tower-shaped spring 5, and is in a state that the brake is released. When the braking is needed during the running, air is introduced into the braking cylinder body 1, and the air pressure pushes the hook Bei Tuigan to descend, so that the braking is completed, and the specific principle is the same as that described above. When the vehicle is braked, no compressed air is supplied (air in the energy storage cylinder 23 is discharged) in the vehicle at the moment, the spring braking screw rod 27 moves downwards under the action of the first braking main spring 30 and the second braking main spring 31, and the spring braking screw rod 27 drives the hook Bei Tuigan 2 to descend so as to finish braking.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the spring brake cylinder cover 26 is provided with a hand release mechanism, the hand release mechanism includes a hand release body 33, a pawl 34, a ratchet sleeve 35, a first hand release spring 36, a second hand release spring 37, a hand release sliding sleeve 38, a first pawl shifting sleeve 39 and a second pawl shifting sleeve 40, the ratchet sleeve 35 is rotatably connected to the spring brake cylinder cover 26, the pawl 34 is rotatably connected to the spring brake cylinder cover 26 through a pawl 34 shaft, one end of the pawl 34 is matched with a tooth slot of the ratchet sleeve 35, and a first sliding slot is axially formed in the inner wall of the ratchet sleeve 35; the outside of the sliding ring sleeve 28 is provided with a sliding block matched with the first sliding groove, the upper end of the spring braking screw rod 27 is sleeved inside the ratchet sleeve 35, and the sliding block is in sliding connection with the first sliding groove.

The hand is slowed down the body 33 and is linked firmly on the spring braking cylinder cap 26, the hand is slowed down the body 33 and is provided with the installation cavity along length direction, the lateral wall of hand is slowed down the body 33 is provided with the second sliding tray, the second sliding tray with the installation cavity intercommunication, the hand is slowed down the slip cap 38 through the installation cavity with hand is slowed down body 33 sliding connection, first pawl is stirred cover 39 and second pawl and is stirred cover 40 and fix on the slip cap 38 is slowed down to the hand, the one end that first pawl stirred cover 39 and second pawl stirred cover 40 by the second sliding tray stretch out and with second sliding tray sliding connection, the other end of pawl 34 respectively with first pawl is stirred cover 39 and second pawl is stirred cover 40 and is corresponding.

The first hand relieving spring 36 and the second hand relieving spring 37 are sequentially sleeved on the hand relieving sliding sleeve 38, and two ends of the first hand relieving spring 36 are respectively fixedly connected with the first pawl poking sleeve 39 and the second pawl poking sleeve 40; both ends of the second hand-relief spring 37 are respectively fixedly connected with the second pawl toggle sleeve 40 and the hand-relief sliding sleeve 38.

The hand release sliding sleeve 38 is fixedly provided with a pull rope 41, and one end of the pull rope 41 extends out from one end of the hand release sliding sleeve 38.

When the braking is required to be relieved under the parking braking state, the pull rope 41 is pulled manually, the pull rope 41 drives the hand relieving sliding sleeve 38 to move, the first pawl poking sleeve 39 on the hand relieving sliding sleeve 38 moves synchronously, when the first pawl poking sleeve 39 moves, the pawl 34 rotates to be separated from the second pawl poking sleeve 40, the pawl 34 is driven by the first pawl poking sleeve 39 to be separated from the tooth groove of the ratchet sleeve 35, and at the moment, the parking braking cylinder is in a relieving state. The pull rope 41 is fixed after being pulled to keep a release state, when the ratchet sleeve 35 needs to be locked, the pull rope 41 is released, the pawl 34 moves reversely under the action of the first hand release spring 36 and the second hand release spring 37, and therefore the first pawl poking sleeve 39 drives the pawl 34 to rotate reversely, and the ratchet sleeve 35 is locked. When the park brake is applied again, the pawls 34 are rotated in opposite directions and drive the first 39 and second 40 pawl dial sleeves back in preparation for the next manual release.

As shown in fig. 6-8, the energy storage cylinder 23 includes a base 45 and an integrally formed cylinder body 46, an upper air inlet 50 and a lower air inlet 51 are disposed on the base 45, the lower air inlet 51 is communicated with the brake air inlet, two first rubber sealing rings 47 with a Y-shaped cross section are disposed in the base 45, a second rubber sealing ring 48 with an O-shaped cross section is disposed between the two first rubber sealing rings 47, an air vent 52 is disposed on a side wall of the cylinder body 46, the base 45 is screwed with the cylinder body 46 through threads, and a third rubber sealing ring 49 with an O-shaped cross section is disposed between the base 45 and the cylinder body 46.

Compressed air is input into the cylinder body 46 through the upper air inlet 50, the cylinder body 46 stores the compressed air, when the pressure value of the compressed air in the cylinder body 46 reaches a certain value, the first brake main spring 30 and the second brake main spring 31 are compressed, the spring brake screw 27 is pushed upwards through the spring brake piston 24, when the spring brake screw 27 needs to be moved back to the original position, the air is discharged to the outside of the cylinder body 46 through the air outlet, and the spring brake screw 27 is moved back to the original position through the second restoring spring 29; the compressed air is inputted into the brake cylinder 1 through the lower air inlet 51, and braking is completed (principle is the same as described above). The cylinder barrel body 46 is of an integrated structure, the structure is simple, threads are arranged outside the cylinder barrel body 46, and the cylinder barrel body and the base 45 are screwed together through the threads, so that the processing procedures are reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; and the four corners junction of cylinder body 46 and base 45 is equipped with a plurality of third rubber seal rings 49, seals cylinder body 46 and base 45, has improved the leakproofness, has further guaranteed the energy storage effect. The inside a plurality of first rubber seal rings 47 and the second rubber seal rings 48 that are equipped with of base 45 seals base 45 and spring braking screw 27, further improves work effect.

A third belleville spring 32 is disposed between the spring brake nut 25 and the spring brake piston 24.

The foregoing examples merely illustrate specific embodiments of the invention, which are described in greater detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The tread braking unit is characterized by comprising a braking cylinder body, a hook Bei Tuigan, an adjusting mechanism, a first restoring spring, a tower-shaped spring, a bearing bracket, a needle bearing, a braking column, a tile bracket suspender and a brake head; the upper end of the brake cylinder body is provided with a brake air inlet, two opposite side surfaces of the brake cylinder body are provided with mounting through holes, the bearing support is in sliding connection with the inside of the brake cylinder body, the bearing support is perpendicular to the brake cylinder body and is mounted, the bearing support comprises a brake sleeve and a connecting sleeve fixed on the mounting through holes, one end of the brake sleeve is in sliding connection with the outside of the connecting sleeve, the other end of the brake sleeve is in sliding connection with the mounting through holes far away from the connecting sleeve, one end of the adjusting mechanism is in sliding connection with the connecting sleeve, the other end of the adjusting mechanism extends out of the brake cylinder body from one end of the brake sleeve far away from the connecting sleeve, and the adjusting mechanism is connected with the brake sleeve through a connecting piece;

The needle bearing is sleeved outside the brake sleeve in a sliding mode, the needle bearing is fixedly connected with the brake cylinder body, the brake column is fixedly connected outside the brake sleeve, the hook Bei Tuigan is arranged inside the brake cylinder body, the upper end of the hook Bei Tuigan is located below the brake air inlet, the lower end of the hook Bei Tuigan is located between the needle bearing and the brake column, the tower-shaped spring is sleeved outside the hook Bei Tuigan, one end, far away from the needle bearing, of the adjusting mechanism extends out of the brake cylinder body, and the first restoring spring is sleeved outside the adjusting mechanism;

one end of the tile holder suspender is hinged with the outside of the brake cylinder body, the other end of the tile holder suspender is hinged with the brake head, and one side of the brake head, which is close to the brake cylinder body, is connected with the extending end of the adjusting mechanism;

the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting screw, a gland and a support, wherein the adjusting screw is slidably connected in the two connecting sleeves, the gland and the support are arranged outside the brake cylinder body, the gland is in threaded connection with the support, and a cavity is arranged between the gland and the support; a through hole is formed in one side, away from the support, of the gland, and the inner diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the adjusting screw; one side of the support, which is close to the gland, is provided with a positioning groove, one end of the adjusting screw rod penetrates through the through hole and stretches into the positioning groove, and one end of the adjusting screw rod stretching into the positioning groove is provided with a positioning block; a mounting hole is formed in one side, away from the gland, of the support, and the mounting hole is connected with the brake head; the axial direction of the mounting hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the adjusting screw rod; the length direction of the positioning groove is perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting hole, and the length of the positioning groove is larger than that of the positioning block; a washer is sleeved on the adjusting screw, and a first belleville spring is arranged between the washer and the positioning block;

The top of the braking cylinder body is provided with an energy storage cylinder, a spring braking piston, a spring braking nut and a spring braking cylinder cover are arranged in the energy storage cylinder from bottom to top, the energy storage cylinder is communicated with a braking air inlet, the spring braking piston is slidably sleeved in the energy storage cylinder, the spring braking piston is slidably connected with a spring braking screw rod, the spring braking nut is sleeved outside the spring braking screw rod, the lower end of the spring braking nut is rotatably connected with the spring braking piston, the upper end of the spring braking screw rod is extended out of the spring braking cylinder cover, a sliding ring sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spring braking screw rod, a second restoring spring is sleeved outside the spring braking screw rod, and a first braking main spring and a second braking main spring are sequentially arranged outside the spring braking screw rod.

2. The tread brake unit according to claim 1, wherein the spring brake cylinder cover is provided with a hand relieving mechanism, the hand relieving mechanism comprises a hand relieving body, a pawl, a ratchet sleeve, a first hand relieving spring, a second hand relieving spring, a hand relieving sliding sleeve, a first pawl poking sleeve and a second pawl poking sleeve, the ratchet sleeve is rotationally connected to the spring brake cylinder cover, the pawl is rotationally connected to the spring brake cylinder cover through a pawl shaft, one end of the pawl is matched with a tooth slot of the ratchet sleeve, and a first sliding slot is formed in the inner wall of the ratchet sleeve along the axial direction; the outer part of the sliding ring sleeve is provided with a sliding block matched with the first sliding groove, the upper end of the spring braking screw rod is sleeved inside the ratchet wheel sleeve, and the sliding block is in sliding connection with the first sliding groove;

The hand relieving body is fixedly connected to the spring brake cylinder cover, an installation cavity is formed in the hand relieving body along the length direction, a second sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the hand relieving body, the second sliding groove is communicated with the installation cavity, the hand relieving sliding sleeve is in sliding connection with the hand relieving body through the installation cavity, the first pawl stirring sleeve and the second pawl stirring sleeve are fixed on the hand relieving sliding sleeve, one ends of the first pawl stirring sleeve and the second pawl stirring sleeve extend out from the second sliding groove and are in sliding connection with the second sliding groove, and the other ends of the pawls respectively correspond to the first pawl stirring sleeve and the second pawl stirring sleeve;

the first hand relieving spring and the second hand relieving spring are sequentially sleeved on the hand relieving sliding sleeve, and two ends of the first hand relieving spring are respectively tightly attached to the first pawl poking sleeve and the second pawl poking sleeve; two ends of the second hand-relief spring are respectively tightly attached to the second pawl poking sleeve and the hand-relief sliding sleeve;

3. The tread brake unit according to claim 1, wherein the tile support boom comprises two tile support boom bodies horizontally arranged in parallel and a connecting plate arranged between the two tile support boom bodies, the connecting plate is horizontally arranged and is perpendicular to opposite sides of the tile support boom bodies, two ends of the connecting plate, which are close to the two tile support boom bodies, are fixedly connected with the tile support boom bodies respectively, and two ends of the tile support boom bodies are of cylindrical structures which are horizontally arranged and are provided with hinge holes along the axis.

4. The tread braking unit according to claim 1, wherein the braking cylinder body comprises a shell, two cantilevers are arranged on the shell in parallel, the cantilevers are fixedly connected through a connecting part, connecting lugs are arranged at one ends of the cantilevers far away from the shell, and a connecting roller is arranged between the two connecting lugs; the side surface of the shell is provided with a threaded hole which is used for installing the shell; the shell, the cantilever, the connecting lug and the connecting roller are integrally formed.

5. The tread braking unit according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage cylinder comprises a base and an integrally formed cylinder body, an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet are formed in the base, the lower air inlet is communicated with the braking air inlet, two first rubber sealing rings with Y-shaped cross sections are arranged in the base, a second rubber sealing ring with O-shaped cross sections is arranged between the two first rubber sealing rings, an exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the cylinder body, the base is screwed with the cylinder body through threads, and a third rubber sealing ring with O-shaped cross sections is arranged between the base and the cylinder body.

6. The tread brake unit of claim 1, further comprising a base and a shaft, wherein one side of the base is connected to the adjustment mechanism, and wherein a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole are provided on the other side of the base, the first and second mounting holes being disposed between the inner side walls of the brake head; the brake head is arranged on the inner side of the tile head suspender, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the through hole on the tile head suspender, the through hole on the brake head and the first mounting hole to connect the tile head suspender, the brake head and the base; the inside wall of brake head is the friction surface, be equipped with two friction blocks in the second mounting hole, two the friction block respectively with two inside walls of brake head contact, two be equipped with the second belleville spring between the friction block, the second belleville spring is in compression state all the time.

7. The tread brake unit of claim 1, wherein a third belleville spring is disposed between the spring brake nut and the spring brake piston.