CN210191481U - Tread brake unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tread braking unit, which comprises a braking cylinder body, a bearded push rod, an adjusting mechanism, a first restoring spring, a tower-shaped spring, a bearing bracket, a needle bearing, a braking column, a tile holder hanging rod and a brake tile holder; the brake cylinder body is provided with a brake air inlet, two opposite side surfaces of the brake cylinder body are provided with installation through holes, the bearing support comprises two connecting sleeves fixed on the installation through holes and a brake sleeve sleeved outside the two connecting sleeves in a sliding mode, the adjusting mechanism is connected in the two connecting sleeves in a sliding mode, one end of the adjusting mechanism extends out of the brake cylinder body through one of the connecting sleeves, and the adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected with the brake sleeve through a connecting piece. The tread brake unit of the utility model has better rigidity and strength of the brake cylinder body, the tile holder suspender and the brake tile holder, and stronger transverse force resistance; in the use process, the brake shoe left and right eccentric wear and the wheel tread groove wear can be effectively prevented, and the bending deformation of the adjusting screw rod is prevented.

Description

Tread brake unit

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a rail vehicle braking technical field particularly, relates to a tread brake unit.

Background

The basic brake device of the rail transit vehicle has the following common forms: a tread brake device for pressing the tread by a brake shoe to obtain a braking force and a disc brake device for clamping a brake disc by the brake shoe to obtain a braking force. The application and release of the tread brake brakes is typically accomplished with compressed air: applying the brake when the compressed air is charged; the braking is relieved when the compressed air is discharged. Tread brake devices are generally comprised of a cylinder block, a spindle assembly, a force amplification mechanism, a gap adjustment mechanism, a thrust ring, and a shoe wobble mechanism. The piston in the cylinder body drives the main shaft through the cam under the pushing of the compressed gas to push the brake shoe support to move forward, so that the brake shoe tightly holds the tread of the wheel, friction is generated, and braking is realized.

The brake shoe swinging mechanism of the tread brake device is a component directly acting on a wheel, and the stability and the reliability of the structure of the brake shoe swinging mechanism are directly related to the braking effect. The prior tread brake device has the following problems: 1. the phenomena of left and right eccentric wear of the brake head and groove wear of the wheel tread occur in the using process, and the adjusting screw rod can be bent and deformed; 2. the size and the uniformity of the gap between the brake shoe and the wheel tread can not be ensured in the using process; 3. the brake shoe is inconvenient to update; 4. the brake device can generate large elastic deformation under the action of tangential force and transverse force applied to the brake head, so that the braking effect is influenced; 5. the manufacturability of the manufacture of parts, the assembly of parts and the whole machine is poor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a tread brake unit, which has better rigidity and strength of a brake cylinder body, a tile holder suspender and a brake tile holder and stronger transverse force resistance; in the use process, the brake shoe left and right eccentric wear and the wheel tread groove wear can be effectively prevented, and the bending deformation of the adjusting screw rod is prevented.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a tread braking unit comprises a braking cylinder body, a hook shell push rod, an adjusting mechanism, a first restoring spring, a tower-shaped spring, a bearing bracket, a needle bearing, a braking column, a shoe support hanging rod and a brake shoe support; the last air inlet that is provided with of braking cylinder body, the relative both sides face of braking cylinder body is provided with the mounting hole, bearing bracket links firmly inside the braking cylinder body, bearing bracket is perpendicular the installation of braking cylinder body, bearing bracket includes braking sleeve and fixes one of them adapter sleeve on the mounting hole, braking sleeve's one end slip cover is established the adapter sleeve is outside, braking sleeve's other end sliding connection is in the mounting hole of keeping away from the adapter sleeve, guiding mechanism's one end sliding connection is in the adapter sleeve, just guiding mechanism's the other end by the one end that the adapter sleeve was kept away from to the braking sleeve stretches out to the braking cylinder body is outside, guiding mechanism pass through the connecting piece with the braking sleeve is connected.

The needle bearing is sleeved outside the brake sleeve in a sliding manner and is fixedly connected with the brake cylinder body, the brake column is fixedly connected with the outside of the brake sleeve, the bearded shell push rod is arranged in the brake cylinder body, the upper end of the bearded scallop push rod is positioned below the air inlet, the lower end of the bearded scallop push rod is positioned between the needle bearing and the brake column, the tower-shaped spring is sleeved outside the hook shell push rod, two ends of the tower-shaped spring are fixedly connected with the brake sleeve and the inner top of the brake cylinder respectively, one end of the adjusting mechanism far away from the needle roller bearing extends out of the brake cylinder, and the extending end is connected with the brake cylinder body in a sliding way, the first restoring spring is sleeved outside the adjusting mechanism, and two ends of the first restoring spring are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the brake cylinder body and the outer wall of the adjusting mechanism respectively.

One end of the tile support hanging rod is hinged with the outside of the brake cylinder body, the other end of the tile support hanging rod is hinged with the brake head, and one side, close to the brake cylinder body, of the brake head is connected with the extending end of the adjusting mechanism.

The four-way brake device is characterized in that four connecting threaded holes are formed in the mounting surface of the brake cylinder body, and the brake cylinder body is connected with a bogie on the locomotive through the four connecting threaded holes. So set up under the condition of normal use, this brake unit can not produce great elastic deformation under the effect of tangential force and the lateral force that the brake head received, guaranteed braking effect.

The connection may be a connection ring.

The working principle is as follows: when braking is needed, compressed air is introduced from the braking air inlet and drives the hook shell push rod to move downwards, the wedge-shaped surface at the lower part of the hook shell push rod is in contact with the braking column in the downward movement process of the hook shell push rod, the braking column drives the braking sleeve to slide along the axial direction of the shaft under the action of the wedge-shaped surface, the braking sleeve drives the adjusting mechanism to move, and the brake shoe support is pushed to move when the adjusting mechanism moves, so that braking is achieved. The needle bearing is arranged to ensure the movement track of the hook-shell push rod and prevent the hook-shell push rod from deviating. The first reset spring that sets up makes the adjustment structure reset when relaxing the braking, and the turriform spring that sets up is for relaxing the reset of colluding the shellfish push rod when braking.

Preferably, the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting screw rod, a gland and a support, the adjusting screw rod is slidably connected in the two connecting sleeves, the gland and the support are arranged outside the brake cylinder body, the gland is in threaded connection with the support, and a cavity is arranged between the gland and the support; a through hole is formed in one side, away from the support, of the gland, and the inner diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the adjusting screw rod; a positioning groove is formed in one side, close to the gland, of the support, one end of the adjusting screw penetrates through the through hole and extends into the positioning groove, and a positioning block is arranged at one end, extending into the positioning groove, of the adjusting screw; a mounting hole is formed in one side, away from the gland, of the support, and the mounting hole is connected with the brake head; the axial direction of the mounting hole is vertical to the axial direction of the adjusting screw rod; the length direction of the positioning groove is perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting hole, and the length of the positioning groove is greater than that of the positioning block; a gasket is sleeved on the adjusting screw rod, and a first disc-shaped spring is arranged between the gasket and the positioning block.

The head of the adjusting screw rod is tightly pressed with the support through the first disc-shaped spring, so that a joint surface between the head of the adjusting screw rod and the support is tightly attached without a gap, the adjusting screw rod plays a positioning role on the support, the uniform gap between the brake shoe and the wheel tread is ensured, the support can slide up and down relative to the adjusting screw rod, the support moves up and down together with the brake shoe support and the brake shoe relative to the adjusting screw rod, and the combination of the linear motion of the adjusting screw rod and the arc motion of the support, the brake shoe and the brake shoe support and the brake shoe hanger rod is solved.

Preferably, an energy storage cylinder is arranged at the top of the braking cylinder body, a spring braking piston, a spring braking nut and a spring braking cylinder cover are arranged in the energy storage cylinder from bottom to top, the energy storage cylinder is communicated with an air inlet, the spring braking piston is sleeved in the energy storage cylinder in a sliding manner, the spring braking piston is connected with a spring braking screw rod in a sliding manner, the spring braking nut is sleeved outside the spring braking screw rod, the lower end of the spring braking nut is rotationally connected with the spring braking piston, the upper end of the spring braking screw rod extends out of the spring braking cylinder cover, the upper end of the spring braking screw rod is fixedly connected with a sliding ring sleeve, a second restoring spring is sleeved outside the spring braking nut, two ends of the second restoring spring are fixedly connected with the sliding ring sleeve and the spring braking nut respectively, and a first braking main spring and a second braking main spring are sequentially arranged outside the spring braking screw rod, and two ends of the first brake main spring and the second brake main spring are fixedly connected with the spring brake cylinder cover and the piston respectively.

When the automobile is in a driving state, compressed air enters the energy storage cylinder to push the spring brake piston and the spring brake nut to compress the first brake main spring and the second brake main spring to move upwards, the hook-shaped push rod is positioned at the opposite top end of the brake cylinder body under the action of the tower-shaped spring, and at the moment, the hook-shaped push rod is in a brake released state. When the vehicle needs to be braked during running, air is introduced into the brake cylinder body, and the air pressure pushes the hook shell push rod to move downwards to complete braking. When the vehicle needs to be braked during parking, at the moment, compressed air is not supplied to the vehicle (air in the energy storage cylinder is discharged), the spring brake screw rod moves downwards under the action of the first brake main spring and the second brake main spring, the spring brake screw rod drives the hook shell push rod to move downwards to complete braking, and the specific principle of the vehicle is the same as that of the vehicle.

Preferably, a hand relieving mechanism is arranged on the spring brake cylinder cover and comprises a hand relieving body, a pawl, a ratchet sleeve, a first hand relieving spring, a second hand relieving spring, a hand relieving sliding sleeve, a first pawl shifting sleeve and a second pawl shifting sleeve, the ratchet sleeve is rotationally connected to the spring brake cylinder cover, the pawl is rotationally connected to the spring brake cylinder cover through a pawl shaft, one end of the pawl is matched with a tooth groove of the ratchet sleeve, and a first sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of the ratchet sleeve along the axial direction; the sliding ring sleeve is externally provided with a sliding block matched with the first sliding groove, the upper end of the spring brake screw rod is sleeved inside the ratchet sleeve, and the sliding block is connected with the first sliding groove in a sliding mode.

The body is alleviated to the hand and is linked firmly the spring brake jar is covered, the hand is alleviated and is provided with the installation cavity along length direction, the lateral wall that the hand was alleviated and is provided with the second sliding tray, the second sliding tray with the installation cavity intercommunication, the hand is alleviated the sliding sleeve pass through the installation cavity with body sliding connection is alleviated to the hand, first pawl is stirred the cover and is stirred the cover with the second pawl and fix on the hand is alleviated the sliding sleeve, the cover is stirred to first pawl and the one end that the cover was stirred to the second pawl by the second sliding tray stretch out and with second sliding tray sliding connection, the other end of pawl respectively with the cover is stirred to first pawl and second pawl is stirred the cover and is corresponded.

The first hand release spring and the second hand release spring are sequentially sleeved on the hand release sliding sleeve, and two ends of the first hand release spring are respectively attached to the first pawl shifting sleeve and the second pawl shifting sleeve; and two ends of the second hand release spring are respectively attached to the second pawl toggle sleeve and the hand release sliding sleeve.

A pull rope is fixedly arranged in the hand release sliding sleeve, and one end of the pull rope extends out of one end of the hand release sliding sleeve.

When the braking is required to be relieved under the parking braking state, the pull rope is pulled manually, the pull rope drives the hand to relieve the sliding sleeve to move, the hand relieves the synchronous movement of the first pawl toggle sleeve on the sliding sleeve, when the first pawl toggle sleeve moves, the pawl rotates to be separated from the second pawl toggle sleeve, the pawl is separated from the tooth groove of the ratchet sleeve under the driving of the first pawl toggle sleeve, and the parking brake cylinder is in the relieving state at the moment. The pull rope is fixed after being pulled so as to keep the releasing state, when the ratchet sleeve needs to be locked, the pull rope is loosened, the pawl moves reversely under the action of the first releasing spring and the second releasing spring, and therefore the first pawl pulls the sleeve to drive the pawl to rotate reversely, and the ratchet sleeve is locked. When parking brake is applied again, the pawl rotates reversely and drives the first pawl toggle sleeve and the second pawl toggle sleeve to reset, and preparation is made for next manual release.

Preferably, the tile holds in the palm the jib and includes two horizontal parallel arrangement's tile support jib body and locate the connecting plate between two tile support jib bodies, the connecting plate level sets up and is mutually perpendicular with the opposite flank of tile support jib body, the connecting plate is close to the both ends of two tile support jib bodies respectively with tile support jib body fixed connection, tile support jib body both ends are the cylindric structure of level setting and all have seted up the hinge hole along the axis. Two tile bracket jib bodies pass through connecting plate fixed connection and are in the same place, rigidity and linkage effect between two tile bracket jib bodies have been strengthened, work efficiency has been improved, the number of assembly parts has been reduced simultaneously, it is more convenient to assemble, need not further coordinated synchronous operation's effect, production cost is reduced, the horizontally mode that sets up of connecting plate, the connection range with two tile bracket jib bodies has been improved, further stability is improved, two tile bracket jib body integral type structures, the fault rate in the operation process has been reduced.

Preferably, the brake cylinder body comprises a shell, two cantilevers are arranged on the shell in parallel, the cantilevers are fixedly connected through a connecting part, connecting lugs are arranged at one ends of the cantilevers, which are far away from the shell, and a connecting roller is arranged between the two connecting lugs; the side surface of the shell is provided with a threaded hole which is used for installing the shell; the shell, the cantilever, the connecting lug and the connecting roller are integrally formed. Through the cantilever of integration, connecting roller for the casing can be directly be connected with the tile of integral type holds in the palm the jib, and each structure integration shaping has reduced the error of accumulation, and holistic dress clothes precision is higher, structural strength is higher, makes the security higher, and life is longer.

Preferably, the energy storage cylinder comprises a base and an integrally formed cylinder barrel body, an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet are formed in the base, the lower air inlet is communicated with the brake air inlet, two first rubber sealing rings with Y-shaped cross sections are arranged in the base, a second rubber sealing ring with an O-shaped cross section is arranged between the two first rubber sealing rings, an exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the cylinder barrel body, the base is connected with the cylinder barrel body in a screwed mode through threads, and a third rubber sealing ring with an O-shaped cross section is arranged between the base and the cylinder barrel body.

The compressed air is input into the cylinder barrel body through the upper air inlet, the cylinder barrel body stores the compressed air, when the pressure value of the compressed air in the cylinder barrel body reaches a certain value, the first brake main spring and the second brake main spring are compressed, the spring brake screw rod is pushed upwards through the spring brake piston, when the spring brake screw rod needs to move downwards to the original position, the air is discharged to the outside of the cylinder barrel body through the air outlet, and the spring brake screw rod moves downwards to the original position through the second return spring; compressed air is input into the brake cylinder body through the lower air inlet, and then braking is finished (the principle is the same as the above principle). The cylinder barrel body is of an integrally formed structure and is simple in structure, the outer part of the cylinder barrel body is provided with the threads, and the cylinder barrel body is screwed with the base through the threads, so that the machining procedures are reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; and the four corners junction of cylinder body and base is equipped with a plurality of third rubber seal, seals cylinder body and base, has improved the leakproofness, has further guaranteed the energy storage effect. The base is internally provided with a plurality of first rubber seal rings and second rubber seal rings, the base and the spring brake screw rod are sealed, and the working effect is further improved.

Preferably, the automatic alignment device further comprises a base and a rotating shaft, the base, the rotating shaft, a brake head, an adjusting mechanism and a head suspension rod form an automatic alignment structure of a brake shoe and a wheel tread, one side of the base is connected with the adjusting mechanism, the other side of the base is provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, and the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are both arranged between two inner side walls of the brake head; the brake head is arranged on the inner side of the brake head hanging rod, and the rotating shaft penetrates through a through hole in the brake head hanging rod, a through hole in the brake head and the first mounting hole to connect the brake head hanging rod, the brake head and the base; the inner side wall of the brake head support is a friction surface, two friction blocks are arranged in the second mounting hole and are respectively contacted with the two inner side walls of the brake head support, and a second disc spring is arranged between the two friction blocks and is always in a compression state.

Besides the connection between the base and the brake head by the rotating shaft, the base and the brake head are connected together by two groups of second disc springs and friction blocks. When the external force which enables the brake head and the base to rotate relatively around the rotating shaft is smaller than the friction torque formed between the friction block and the brake head, the brake head and the base keep relatively static; when the external force which makes the brake head and the base rotate relatively around the rotating shaft is larger than the friction torque formed between the friction block and the brake head, the brake head and the base rotate relatively. Therefore, in the braking process, the automatic alignment of the gap between the brake head and the wheel tread is realized.

The utility model has the advantages that:

(1) the tread brake unit of the utility model has better rigidity and strength of the brake cylinder body, the tile holder suspender and the brake tile holder, and stronger transverse force resistance; in the using process, the phenomena of left and right eccentric wear of a brake shoe and groove grinding of the wheel tread can be effectively prevented, and the bending deformation of the adjusting screw rod is prevented; the automatic adjusting mechanism for the gap between the brake shoe and the wheel tread has reliable performance, and can reliably ensure the size of the gap and the uniformity of the upper and lower gaps between the brake shoe and the wheel tread in use; the four connecting threaded holes are formed in the mounting surface of the brake cylinder body, and the brake cylinder body is connected with a bogie on the locomotive through the four connecting threaded holes. Under the condition of normal use, the brake unit can not generate large elastic deformation under the action of tangential force and transverse force applied to the brake head, and the brake effect is ensured;

(2) the two tile-supported suspender bodies are fixedly connected through the connecting plate, so that the rigidity and the linkage effect of the tile-supported suspender bodies are improved, the working efficiency is improved, the number of assembling parts is reduced, the assembly is more convenient, the effect of further coordinated and synchronous operation is not needed, the production cost is reduced, the horizontal arrangement mode of the connecting plate improves the connecting range with the two tile-supported suspender bodies, the stability is further improved, and the failure rate in the operation process is reduced due to the integral structure of the two tile-supported suspender bodies;

(3) the energy storage cylinder adopts integrated into one piece's cylinder body, need not welding process, cylinder body and base only need through the screw thread connect soon together can, reduced the process.

(4) Besides being connected by a rotating shaft, the support and the brake head are connected together by two groups of springs and friction blocks. When the external force which enables the brake head and the support to rotate relatively around the rotating shaft is smaller than the friction torque formed between the friction block and the brake head, the brake head and the support keep relatively static; when the external force which enables the brake head and the support to rotate relatively around the rotating shaft is larger than the friction torque formed between the friction block and the brake head, the brake head and the support rotate relatively. The automatic alignment of the gap between the brake head and the wheel tread in the braking process is realized.

(5) The adjusting screw can play good positioning effect to the support, can satisfy adjusting screw's linear motion simultaneously and support and brake shoe support, brake shoe are along with the combination of the arc motion of brake shoe jib, guarantee that the clearance between brake shoe and the wheel tread is even.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a tread brake unit in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the tread brake unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a tread braking unit in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the tread brake unit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a first schematic structural diagram of an adjusting mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a first schematic structural diagram of a spring brake piston according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a second schematic structural view of a spring brake piston according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a third schematic structural view of a spring brake piston according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a hand relief mechanism according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a plan view of a spring brake cylinder head according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a tile-supporting hanger rod according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a plan view of a tile-supported boom in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a brake cylinder in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of an energy storage cylinder in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a sectional view of an energy storage cylinder according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the automatic alignment structure of the brake shoe and the wheel tread in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a second schematic structural view of an adjusting mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

description of reference numerals:

1. a brake cylinder; 2. hooking the scallop push rod; 3. an adjustment mechanism; 4. a first return spring; 5. a tower-shaped spring; 6. a bearing support; 7. a needle bearing; 8. a brake post; 9. a tile-supported boom; 10. a brake head; 11. connecting sleeves; 12. a brake sleeve; 13. adjusting the screw rod; 14. a base plate; 15. a support; 16. a first disc spring; 17. a gasket; 18. a gland; 19. a through hole; 20. positioning a groove; 21. positioning blocks; 211. mounting holes; 22. a cavity; 23. an energy storage cylinder; 24. a spring brake piston; 25. a spring brake nut; 26. a spring brake cylinder cover; 27. a spring brake screw; 28. sliding the ring sleeve; 29. a second return spring; 30. a first brake main spring; 31. a second brake main spring; 32. a third disc spring; 33. relieving the hands; 34. a pawl; 35. a ratchet sleeve; 36. a first hand relief spring; 37. a second hand relief spring; 38. a hand relief sliding sleeve; 39. a first pawl toggle sleeve; 40. a second pawl toggle sleeve; 41. pulling a rope; 42. a tile-supported suspender body; 43. a connecting plate; 44. a hinge hole; 45. a base; 46. a cylinder barrel body; 47. a first rubber seal ring; 48. a second rubber seal ring; 49. a third rubber seal ring; 50. an upper inlet port; 51. a lower air inlet; 52. an exhaust hole; 53. a base; 54. a rotating shaft; 55. a first mounting hole; 56. a second mounting hole; 57. a second disc spring; 58. a friction block; 59. a housing; 60. a cantilever; 61. a connecting portion; 62. a connecting roller; 63. and (5) connecting lugs.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a tread brake unit comprises a brake cylinder body 1, a hook shell push rod 2, an adjusting mechanism 3, a first restoring spring 4, a tower-shaped spring 5, a bearing bracket 6, a needle bearing 7, a brake column 8, a shoe holder suspension rod 9 and a brake shoe holder 10; be provided with the air inlet on the braking cylinder body 1, the relative both sides face of braking cylinder body 1 is provided with mounting hole 19, bearing support 6 links firmly braking cylinder body 1 is inside, bearing support 6 is perpendicular braking cylinder body 1 installation, bearing support 6 includes braking sleeve 12 and fixes one of them adapter sleeve 11 on the mounting hole 19, the one end sliding sleeve of braking sleeve 12 is established adapter sleeve 11 is outside, the other end sliding connection of braking sleeve 12 is in the mounting hole 19 of keeping away from adapter sleeve 11, the one end sliding connection of adjustment mechanism 3 is in the adapter sleeve 11, just the other end of adjustment mechanism 3 by the one end that the one end of braking sleeve 12 kept away from adapter sleeve 11 stretches out to braking cylinder body 1 is outside, adjustment mechanism 3 pass through the connecting piece with braking sleeve 12 links firmly.

The needle roller bearing 7 is sleeved outside the brake sleeve 12 in a sliding manner, the needle roller bearing 7 is fixedly connected with the brake cylinder body 1, the brake column 8 is fixedly connected with the outside of the brake sleeve 12, the hook shell push rod 2 is arranged inside the brake cylinder body 1, the upper end of the scallop hooking push rod 2 is positioned below the air inlet, the lower end of the scallop hooking push rod 2 is positioned between the needle bearing 7 and the brake column 8, the tower-shaped spring 5 is sleeved outside the bearded shell push rod 2, two ends of the tower-shaped spring 5 are fixedly connected with the inner top of the brake cylinder body 1 and the brake sleeve 12 respectively, one end of the adjusting mechanism 3 far away from the needle bearing 7 extends out of the brake cylinder body 1, and the extending end is connected with the brake cylinder body 1 in a sliding way, the first restoring spring 4 is sleeved outside the adjusting mechanism 3, and two ends of the first restoring spring 4 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the brake cylinder body 1 and the outer wall of the adjusting mechanism 3 respectively.

One end of the tile support suspender 9 is hinged with the outside of the braking cylinder body 1, the other end of the tile support suspender 9 is hinged with the brake tile support 10, and one side of the brake tile support 10 close to the braking cylinder body 1 is connected with the extending end of the adjusting mechanism 3.

The four-way brake device is characterized in that four connecting threaded holes are formed in the mounting surface of the brake cylinder body 1, and the brake cylinder body 1 is connected with a bogie on a locomotive through the four connecting threaded holes. So set up under the normal use condition, this brake unit can not produce great elastic deformation under the effect of tangential force and the lateral force that brake head 10 received, has guaranteed braking effect.

The connection may be a connection ring.

The working principle is as follows: when braking is needed, compressed air is introduced from the braking air inlet and drives the hook shell push rod 2 to move downwards, the wedge-shaped surface of the lower part of the hook shell push rod 2 is in contact with the braking column 8 in the downward movement process of the hook shell push rod 2, the braking column 8 drives the braking sleeve 12 to slide along the axial direction of the shaft under the action of the wedge-shaped surface, the braking sleeve 12 drives the adjusting mechanism 3 to move, and the brake shoe holder 10 is pushed to move when the adjusting mechanism 3 moves, so that braking is achieved. The needle bearing 7 is arranged to ensure the motion track of the hook-and-loop push rod 2 and prevent the deviation of the hook-and-loop push rod. The first restoring spring 4 is arranged to restore the adjusting structure when the brake is released, and the tower-shaped spring 5 is arranged to restore the hook-shell push rod 2 when the brake is released.

As shown in fig. 5, the adjusting mechanism 3 includes an adjusting screw 13, a gland 18 and a support 15, the adjusting screw 13 is slidably connected in the two connecting sleeves 11, the gland 18 and the support 15 are disposed outside the brake cylinder 1, the gland 18 is in threaded connection with the support 15, and a cavity 22 is disposed between the gland 18 and the support 15; a through hole 19 is formed in one side, away from the support 15, of the gland 18, and the inner diameter of the through hole 19 is larger than the outer diameter of the adjusting screw 13; a positioning groove 20 is formed in one side, close to the gland 18, of the support 15, one end of the adjusting screw 13 penetrates through the through hole 19 and extends into the positioning groove 20, and a positioning block 21 is arranged at one end, extending into the positioning groove 20, of the adjusting screw 13; a mounting hole 21 is formed in one side, away from the gland 18, of the support 15, and the mounting hole 21 is connected with the brake head 10; the axial direction of the mounting hole 21 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the adjusting screw rod 13; the length direction of the positioning groove 20 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting hole 21, and the length of the positioning groove 20 is greater than that of the positioning block 21; a washer 17 is sleeved on the adjusting screw 13, and a first disc-shaped spring 16 is arranged between the washer 17 and the positioning block 21. The bottom of the positioning groove 20 is provided with a backing plate 14.

The head of the adjusting screw 13 is tightly pressed with the support 15 by the first disc spring 16, so that the joint surface between the head of the adjusting screw 13 and the support 15 is tightly attached without clearance, the adjusting screw 13 plays a role in positioning the support 15, the uniform clearance between the brake shoe and the wheel tread is ensured, the support 15 can slide up and down relative to the adjusting screw 13, the support 15, together with the brake shoe holder 10 and the brake shoe, can move up and down relative to the adjusting screw 13, and the combination of the linear motion of the adjusting screw 13 and the arc motion of the support 15, the brake shoe holder 10 and the brake shoe along with the suspension rod is solved.

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the tile holder suspension rod 9 includes two tile holder suspension rod bodies 42 horizontally arranged in parallel and a connection plate 43 disposed between the two tile holder suspension rod bodies 42, the connection plate 43 is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the opposite side surfaces of the tile holder suspension rod bodies 42, the two ends of the connection plate 43 close to the two tile holder suspension rod bodies 42 are respectively fixedly connected with the tile holder suspension rod bodies 42, and the two ends of the tile holder suspension rod bodies 42 are horizontally arranged in a cylindrical structure and are provided with hinge holes 44 along the axis. Two tile holds in the palm jib body 42 and pass through connecting plate 43 fixed connection together, rigidity and linkage effect between two tile holds in the palm jib body 42 have been strengthened, work efficiency has been improved, the number of assembly parts has been reduced simultaneously, it is more convenient to assemble, need not further coordinated synchronization operation's effect, production cost is reduced, connecting plate 43 horizontally set up the mode, the connection range with two tile holds in the palm jib body 42 has been improved, further stability is improved, two tile holds in the palm jib body 42 integral type structure, the fault rate of operation in-process has been reduced.

As shown in fig. 13, the brake cylinder 1 includes a housing 59, two cantilevers 60 are disposed in parallel on the housing 59, the cantilevers 60 are fixedly connected by a connecting portion 61, connecting lugs 63 are disposed at both ends of the cantilevers 60 away from the housing 59, and a connecting roller 62 is disposed between the two connecting lugs 63; a threaded hole is formed in the side face of the shell 59 and used for installing the shell 59; the housing 59, the cantilever 60, the engaging lug 63 and the engaging roller 62 are integrally formed. Through the integrated cantilever 60 and the connecting roller 62, the shell 59 can be directly connected with the integrated tile-supported suspender 9, the integrated structure is formed, the accumulated error is reduced, the integral dress and wear precision is higher, the structural strength is higher, the safety is higher, and the service life is longer.

As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the tread brake unit further includes a base 53 and a rotating shaft 54, the base 53, the rotating shaft 54, the brake head 10, the adjusting mechanism 3 and the head suspension rod 9 constitute an automatic alignment structure of a brake shoe and a wheel tread, one side of the base 53 is connected with the adjusting mechanism 3, the other side of the base 53 is provided with a first mounting hole 55 and a second mounting hole 56, and the first mounting hole 55 and the second mounting hole 56 are both arranged between two inner side walls of the brake head 10; the brake head 10 is arranged at the inner side of the head hanger rod 9, and the rotating shaft 54 passes through the through hole 19 on the head hanger rod 9, the through hole 19 on the brake head 10 and the first mounting hole 55 to connect the head hanger rod 9, the brake head 10 and the base 53; the inner side wall of the brake head 10 is a friction surface, two friction blocks 58 are arranged in the second mounting hole 56, the two friction blocks 58 are respectively contacted with the two inner side walls of the brake head 10, a second disc spring 57 is arranged between the two friction blocks 58, and the second disc spring 57 is always in a compression state.

In addition to the connection between the base 53 and the brake head 10 by the shaft 54, the base 53 and the brake head 10 are connected by two sets of second belleville springs 57 and friction blocks 58. When the external force that relatively rotates the brake head 10 and the base 53 about the rotation shaft 54 is smaller than the friction torque formed between the friction block 58 and the brake head 10, the brake head 10 and the base 53 remain relatively stationary; when the external force that relatively rotates the brake head 10 and the base 53 about the rotating shaft 54 is greater than the friction torque formed between the friction block 58 and the brake head 10, the brake head 10 and the base 53 relatively rotate. Thus, during braking, automatic alignment of the gap between the brake head 10 and the wheel tread is achieved.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 1-4, in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, an energy storage cylinder 23 is disposed at the top of the braking cylinder body 1, a spring braking piston 24, a spring braking nut 25 and a spring braking cylinder cover 26 are disposed in the energy storage cylinder 23 from bottom to top, the energy storage cylinder 23 is communicated with the air inlet, the spring braking piston 24 is slidably sleeved in the energy storage cylinder 23, the spring braking piston 24 is slidably connected with a spring braking screw 27, the spring braking nut 25 is sleeved outside the spring braking screw 27, the lower end of the spring braking nut 25 is rotatably connected with the spring braking piston 24, the upper end of the spring braking screw 27 is extended out from the spring braking cylinder cover 26, the upper end of the spring braking screw 27 is fixedly connected with a sliding ring sleeve 28, the outer sleeve of the spring braking nut 25 is provided with a second restoring spring 29, two ends of the second restoring spring 29 are respectively attached to the sliding ring sleeve 28 and the spring braking nut 25, and a first brake main spring 30 and a second brake main spring 31 are sequentially arranged outside the spring brake screw 27, and two ends of the first brake main spring 30 and the second brake main spring 31 are respectively attached to the spring brake cylinder cover 26 and the piston.

In a driving state, compressed air enters the energy storage cylinder 23 to push the spring brake piston 24 and the spring brake nut 25 to compress the first brake main spring 30 and the second brake main spring 31 to move upwards, and the bearded tooth push rod 2 is positioned at the opposite top end of the brake cylinder body 1 under the action of the tower-shaped spring 5 and is in a state that the brake is released at the moment. When the vehicle needs to be braked during running, air is introduced into the brake cylinder body 1, the air pressure pushes the hook shell push rod 2 to move downwards, and braking is completed. When the vehicle needs to be braked during parking, at the moment, compressed air is not supplied to the vehicle (air in the energy storage cylinder 23 is discharged), the spring brake screw 27 moves downwards under the action of the first brake main spring 30 and the second brake main spring 31, the spring brake screw 27 drives the hook-shaped push rod 2 to move downwards to complete braking, and the specific principle of the brake is the same as that of the brake.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, a hand relief mechanism is disposed on the spring brake cylinder cover 26, the hand relief mechanism includes a hand relief body 33, a pawl 34, a ratchet sleeve 35, a first hand relief spring 36, a second hand relief spring 37, a hand relief sliding sleeve 38, a first pawl toggle sleeve 39 and a second pawl toggle sleeve 40, the ratchet sleeve 35 is rotatably connected to the spring brake cylinder cover 26, the pawl 34 is rotatably connected to the spring brake cylinder cover 26 through a pawl 34 shaft, one end of the pawl 34 is matched with a tooth space of the ratchet sleeve 35, and a first sliding groove is axially formed on an inner wall of the ratchet sleeve 35; the sliding ring sleeve 28 is externally provided with a sliding block matched with the first sliding groove, the upper end of the spring brake screw 27 is sleeved inside the ratchet wheel sleeve 35, and the sliding block is connected with the first sliding groove in a sliding manner.

Hand reliving 33 links firmly on spring brake cylinder cap 26, hand relieving 33 is provided with the installation cavity along length direction, hand relieving 33's lateral wall is provided with the second sliding tray, the second sliding tray with the installation cavity intercommunication, the hand relieve sliding sleeve 38 through the installation cavity with hand relieving 33 sliding connection, first pawl is stirred cover 39 and second pawl and is stirred the cover 40 and fix on the sliding sleeve 38 is alleviated to the hand, the one end that cover 39 and second pawl were stirred to first pawl stir cover 40 by the second sliding tray stretch out and with second sliding tray sliding connection, the other end of pawl 34 respectively with first pawl is stirred cover 39 and second pawl and is stirred the cover 40 and corresponding.

The first hand release spring 36 and the second hand release spring 37 are sequentially sleeved on the hand release sliding sleeve 38, and two ends of the first hand release spring 36 are fixedly connected with the first pawl toggle sleeve 39 and the second pawl toggle sleeve 40 respectively; and two ends of the second hand release spring 37 are fixedly connected with the second pawl toggle sleeve 40 and the hand release sliding sleeve 38 respectively.

A pull rope 41 is fixedly arranged in the hand release sliding sleeve 38, and one end of the pull rope 41 extends out of one end of the hand release sliding sleeve 38.

When the brake needs to be relieved in the parking brake state, the pull rope 41 is pulled manually, the pull rope 41 drives the hand relief sliding sleeve 38 to move, the first pawl toggle sleeve 39 on the hand relief sliding sleeve 38 moves synchronously, when the first pawl toggle sleeve 39 moves, the pawl 34 rotates to be separated from the second pawl toggle sleeve 40, the pawl 34 is separated from the tooth groove of the ratchet sleeve 35 under the driving of the first pawl toggle sleeve 39, and the parking brake cylinder is in the relief state at the moment. When the ratchet sleeve 35 needs to be locked, the pulling rope 41 is released, the pawl 34 moves reversely under the action of the first hand release spring 36 and the second hand release spring 37, so that the first pawl toggle sleeve 39 drives the pawl 34 to rotate reversely, and the ratchet sleeve 35 is locked. When the parking brake is applied again, the pawl 34 rotates in reverse and drives the first and second pawl dials 39, 40 back into place in preparation for the next manual release.

As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the energy storage cylinder 23 includes a base 45 and a cylinder body 46 formed integrally, the base 45 is provided with an upper air inlet 50 and a lower air inlet 51, the lower air inlet 51 is communicated with the brake air inlet, two first rubber sealing rings 47 with a Y-shaped cross section are arranged in the base 45, a second rubber sealing ring 48 with an O-shaped cross section is arranged between the two first rubber sealing rings 47, the side wall of the cylinder body 46 is provided with an exhaust hole 52, the base 45 is screwed with the cylinder body 46 through a thread, and a third rubber sealing ring 49 with an O-shaped cross section is arranged between the base 45 and the cylinder body 46.

The compressed air is input into the cylinder body 46 through the upper air inlet 50, the cylinder body 46 stores the compressed air, when the pressure value of the compressed air in the cylinder body 46 reaches a certain value, the first brake main spring 30 and the second brake main spring 31 are compressed, the spring brake screw 27 is pushed upwards through the spring brake piston 24, when the spring brake screw 27 needs to be moved back downwards to the original position, the air is exhausted out of the cylinder body 46 through the air outlet, and the spring brake screw 27 is moved back downwards to the original position through the second restoring spring 29; the compressed air is supplied to the brake cylinder 1 through the lower air inlet 51, and braking is performed (the principle is the same as that described above). The cylinder barrel body 46 is of an integrally formed structure and is simple in structure, the outer portion of the cylinder barrel body 46 is provided with threads, and the threads are screwed with the base 45, so that machining procedures are reduced, and working efficiency is improved; and the four corners junction of cylinder body 46 and base 45 is equipped with a plurality of third rubber seal 49, seals cylinder body 46 and base 45, has improved the leakproofness, has further guaranteed the energy storage effect. The base 45 is internally provided with a plurality of first rubber sealing rings 47 and second rubber sealing rings 48, so that the base 45 and the spring brake screw 27 are sealed, and the working effect is further improved.

A third disk spring 32 is arranged between the spring brake nut 25 and the spring brake piston 24.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A tread braking unit is characterized by comprising a braking cylinder body, a hook shell push rod, an adjusting mechanism, a first restoring spring, a tower-shaped spring, a bearing bracket, a needle bearing, a braking column, a tile holder hanging rod and a brake tile holder; the brake cylinder is characterized in that a brake air inlet is formed in the upper end of the brake cylinder body, mounting through holes are formed in two opposite side faces of the brake cylinder body, the bearing support is connected inside the brake cylinder body in a sliding mode, the bearing support is perpendicular to the brake cylinder body and is mounted, the bearing support comprises a brake sleeve and a connecting sleeve fixed on the mounting through holes, one end of the brake sleeve is sleeved outside the connecting sleeve in a sliding mode, the other end of the brake sleeve is connected in the mounting through holes far away from the connecting sleeve in a sliding mode, one end of the adjusting mechanism is connected in the connecting sleeve in a sliding mode, the other end of the adjusting mechanism extends out of the brake cylinder body from one end, far away from the connecting sleeve;

the needle bearing is sleeved outside the brake sleeve in a sliding mode, the needle bearing is fixedly connected with the brake cylinder body, the brake column is fixedly connected outside the brake sleeve, the hook shell push rod is arranged inside the brake cylinder body, the upper end of the hook shell push rod is located below the brake air inlet, the lower end of the hook shell push rod is located between the needle bearing and the brake column, the tower-shaped spring is sleeved outside the hook shell push rod, one end, far away from the needle bearing, of the adjusting mechanism extends out of the brake cylinder body, and the first restoring spring is sleeved outside the adjusting mechanism;

one end of the tile support hanging rod is hinged with the outside of the brake cylinder body, the other end of the tile support hanging rod is hinged with the brake head, and one side, close to the brake cylinder body, of the brake head is connected with the extending end of the adjusting mechanism.

2. The tread brake unit of claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment screw slidably connected within two of the connection sleeves, a gland and a seat disposed outside the brake cylinder, the gland being threadedly connected with the seat with a cavity disposed between the gland and the seat; a through hole is formed in one side, away from the support, of the gland, and the inner diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the adjusting screw rod; a positioning groove is formed in one side, close to the gland, of the support, one end of the adjusting screw penetrates through the through hole and extends into the positioning groove, and a positioning block is arranged at one end, extending into the positioning groove, of the adjusting screw; a mounting hole is formed in one side, away from the gland, of the support, and the mounting hole is connected with the brake head; the axial direction of the mounting hole is vertical to the axial direction of the adjusting screw rod; the length direction of the positioning groove is perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting hole, and the length of the positioning groove is greater than that of the positioning block; a gasket is sleeved on the adjusting screw rod, and a first disc-shaped spring is arranged between the gasket and the positioning block.

3. The tread brake unit according to claim 1, wherein the tile holder suspension rod comprises two tile holder suspension rod bodies horizontally arranged in parallel and a connecting plate arranged between the two tile holder suspension rod bodies, the connecting plate is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the opposite sides of the tile holder suspension rod bodies, the two ends of the connecting plate close to the two tile holder suspension rod bodies are respectively fixedly connected with the tile holder suspension rod bodies, and the two ends of the tile holder suspension rod bodies are horizontally arranged in cylindrical structures and are provided with hinge holes along the axis.

4. The tread brake unit according to claim 1, wherein the brake cylinder comprises a housing, two cantilevers are arranged in parallel on the housing, the cantilevers are fixedly connected through a connecting part, one ends of the cantilevers, which are far away from the housing, are provided with connecting lugs, and a connecting roller is arranged between the two connecting lugs; the side surface of the shell is provided with a threaded hole which is used for installing the shell; the shell, the cantilever, the connecting lug and the connecting roller are integrally formed.

5. The tread brake unit of claim 2, further comprising a base and a spindle, wherein one side of the base is connected to the adjustment mechanism, and the other side of the base is provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, and the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are both disposed between two inner sidewalls of the brake head; the brake head is arranged on the inner side of the brake head hanging rod, and the rotating shaft penetrates through a through hole in the brake head hanging rod, a through hole in the brake head and the first mounting hole to connect the brake head hanging rod, the brake head and the base; the inner side wall of the brake head support is a friction surface, two friction blocks are arranged in the second mounting hole and are respectively contacted with the two inner side walls of the brake head support, and a second disc spring is arranged between the two friction blocks and is always in a compression state.

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