CN109966688A - A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109966688A
CN109966688A CN201910411050.1A CN201910411050A CN109966688A CN 109966688 A CN109966688 A CN 109966688A CN 201910411050 A CN201910411050 A CN 201910411050A CN 109966688 A CN109966688 A CN 109966688A
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extinguishing chemical
macromolecule hydrogel
content
hydrogel extinguishing
particle
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CN109966688B (en
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许东华
马蕊
李双双
石彤非
周恒为
潘鸽
付志磊
王晓伟
李思佳
汤华清
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Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of CAS
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Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of CAS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62DCHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0064Gels; Film-forming compositions

Abstract

The present invention relates to macromolecule fire extinguishing field of material technology more particularly to a kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical and preparation method thereof.The macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical includes: polyacrylate type high water absorption resin and/or acrylates -0.1~0.5wt% of acrylamide copolymer;0.01~0.5wt% of inorganic nano-particle;The water of surplus.Inorganic nano-particle has excellent chemical stability, thermal stability and compatibility, inorganic nano-particle is added in specific high hydroscopic resin by the present invention, the viscosity of specific high hydroscopic resin can be improved, to improve the attachment thickness of hydrogel extinguishing chemical, the extinguishing effect that macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical can be effectively improved has preferable timeliness to fire extinguishing fire prevention.Therefore, there is macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical provided by the invention preferably Adhering capacity to have good Adhering capacity that is, in vertical body surface, can be covered on body surface and not fall, extinguishing effect is more excellent.

Description

A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to macromolecule fire extinguishing field of material technology more particularly to a kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical and its systems Preparation Method.
Background technique
Up to the present, water is still most common extinguishing chemical, has many advantages, such as cheap and easy to get, no pollution to the environment.But It is since water flowing is good, most of water can be lost after being ejected into the scene of a fire, cause to waste, and, the intensity of a fire big for kindling area Develop the big large-sized fire of swift and violent, easy re-ignition, fighting difficulty, can only often control fire spread with water fighting, it is difficult to have in time Effect puts out high fire.
Super absorbent resin is that have hydrophilic radical and lightly crosslinked three-dimensional network polymer, large quantity of moisture can be absorbed and Swelling is able to maintain moisture again and does not outflow, and has many advantages, such as that water absorbent rate is high, rate of water absorption is fast and water retention property is strong.Polyacrylic acid The macromolecule hydrogel of class super absorbent resin has been widely used in fire extinguishing field, due to high-hydroscopicity under the high temperature conditions Resin has sizable thermal capacitance, can be made into high molecular fire-extinguishing agent and spray into fire, and when dehydration can consume a large amount of heat, and can be every Exhausted fire source and air, prevent dying fire re-ignition, thus achieve the effect that instantaneously to put out a fire (Zuo Guangling waits Nanyang Institute of Technology journal, 2009,1 (4): 71~73,81).But there is also one for the hydrogel extinguishing chemical based on polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin It is a little insufficient.Since super absorbent resin self gravity and Adhering capacity itself are low, the super absorbent resin of polyacrylic is very Difficulty is attached to vertical metope, the surface of wood furniture, the surface (such as tank truck surface) containing stainless steel, thus cannot be effective Be covered on object and have the function that fire extinguishing and protection.
It is mentioned in the article of Yang Yi, thickener is added in water to improve the adhesion property of water-based extinguishing agent, and this Class extinguishing chemical has obtained effective application in Forest Fires, and (Yang Yi, Deng Jun, Tang Kai temperature-sensitive hydrogel extinguishing chemical are ground Study carefully progress).Artsybashev (former Soviet Union patent SU1544451) makees thickener using sodium carboxymethylcellulose, but carboxymethyl is fine The plain sodium acid resistance of dimension is poor, and quality kicks the beam, and is not easy to store, its colloid can be made to be denaturalized in 80 DEG C or more long-time heatings, viscosity and property It can be decreased obviously, not be suitable for putting out a fire.Ridge intrinsic safety expands (Japan Patent JP05/305153) and makees thickener using konjaku flour, equally Play the role of preventing water from running off, completely cuts off air.Konjaku flour water absorbing properties are poor, and gelling ability is low, need to be by complicated preparation Technique improves its water absorbing properties and gelling ability.And add the higher cost of such thickener.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that providing a kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical and its preparation The adhesion property of method, macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical provided by the invention is good, and extinguishing effect is more excellent.
The present invention provides a kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemicals, comprising:
0.1~0.5wt% of super absorbent resin;
0.01~0.5wt% of inorganic nano-particle;
The water of surplus;
The super absorbent resin includes polyacrylate type high water absorption resin and/or acrylates-acrylamide copolymerization Object.
Preferably, the polyacrylate type high water absorption resin includes sodium polyacrylate high hydroscopic resin and polyacrylic acid One or more of potassium class high hydroscopic resin.
Preferably, the content of the super absorbent resin is 0.2~0.5wt%.
Preferably, the content of the inorganic nano-particle is 0.01~0.35wt%.
Preferably, the inorganic nano-particle includes diatomite, kaolin, bentonite, attapulgite, vapor phase method titanium dioxide One or more of silicon and precipitated silica.
Preferably, the partial size of the diatomite is 60~400 mesh, kaolinic partial size is 300~500 mesh, bentonitic Partial size be 200~400 mesh, attapulgite partial size be 200~400 mesh, fumed silica partial size be 180,000~1,800,000 Mesh, the partial size of precipitated silica are 600~3500 mesh.
Preferably, in the macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical, bentonitic content is 0~0.3wt%;Kaolinic content For 0~0.3wt%;The content of diatomite is 0~0.3wt%;The content of attapulgite is 0~0.3wt%;Vapor phase method titanium dioxide The content of silicon is 0~0.3wt%;The content of precipitated silica is 0~0.3wt%.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical described above, comprising the following steps:
Super absorbent resin, inorganic nano-particle and water are mixed, macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical is obtained.
Preferably, the mixed temperature is room temperature, and the mixed time is 0.5~3min.
The present invention provides a kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemicals, comprising: 0.1~0.5wt% of super absorbent resin;It is inorganic 0.01~0.5wt% of nanoparticle;The water of surplus;The super absorbent resin include polyacrylate type high water absorption resin and/ Or acrylates-acrylamide copolymer.In macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical provided by the invention, inorganic nano-particle has excellent Inorganic nano-particle is added in specific high hydroscopic resin by good chemical stability, thermal stability and compatibility, the present invention, can To improve the viscosity of specific super absorbent resin, to improve the attachment thickness of hydrogel extinguishing chemical, high score can be effectively improved The extinguishing effect of sub- hydrogel extinguishing chemical has preferable timeliness to fire extinguishing fire prevention.Meanwhile inorganic nano-particle can be improved it is specific The intensity of super absorbent resin.Therefore, macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical provided by the invention has preferably Adhering capacity, that is, exists Vertical body surface has good Adhering capacity, can be covered on body surface and not fall, extinguishing effect is more excellent.In addition, Inorganic nano-particle in macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical is cotton-shaped, light weight, and performance is stablized, and is easy to transport and store, and Cheap, cost is relatively low, safe and non-toxic, odorlessness, no pollution to the environment.
The experimental results showed that attachment thickness of the macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical in the present invention on vertical plank is greater than 4.9mm, extinguishing chemical is also not easy to drip in the case where vertical spraying.
Meanwhile the extinguishing effect of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical of the invention is more excellent, the 1A fire required time of going out completely is equal No more than 2min;The 55B that the goes out completely fiery required time is no more than 5min, and fire-fighting efficiency is higher.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that institute The embodiment of description is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, Every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, belongs to this hair The range of bright protection.
The present invention provides a kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemicals, comprising:
0.1~0.5wt% of super absorbent resin;
0.01~0.5wt% of inorganic nano-particle;
The water of surplus;
The super absorbent resin includes polyacrylate type high water absorption resin and/or acrylates-acrylamide copolymerization Object.
Macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical provided by the invention includes super absorbent resin.The super absorbent resin includes poly- third Olefin(e) acid salt high hydroscopic resin and/or acrylates-acrylamide copolymer.In an embodiment of the present invention, the polypropylene Barbiturates high hydroscopic resin include one of sodium polyacrylate high hydroscopic resin and polyacrylic acid potassium class high hydroscopic resin or It is several.In certain embodiments of the present invention, the sodium polyacrylate high hydroscopic resin includes platform modeling AG101 type high hydroscopic resin, platform modelingBC388SDA type high hydroscopic resin, platform modelingBC283FAN In type high hydroscopic resin, SUMITOMO CHEMICAL AQUA KEEP type high hydroscopic resin and Japanese catalyst AQUALIC CA type high hydroscopic resin One or more;The polyacrylic acid potassium class high hydroscopic resin includes U.S. ICL Performance Products LP public affairs DepartmentAquaGel-K type high hydroscopic resin, U.S. FireOut Enterprise, Inc companyOne or more of ICE type high hydroscopic resin;The acrylates-acrylamide copolymer super absorbent resin Rouge includes U.S. GelTech Solution, Inc companyType high hydroscopic resin.
In the present invention, the content of the super absorbent resin is 0.1~0.5wt%.In certain embodiments of the present invention, The content of the super absorbent resin is 0.2~0.5wt%.In certain embodiments, the content of the super absorbent resin is 0.3wt%.
Macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical provided by the invention further includes inorganic nano-particle.In certain embodiments of the present invention In, the content of the inorganic nano-particle is 0.01~0.5wt%.In certain embodiments, the inorganic nano-particle contains Amount is 0.01~0.35wt%.In certain embodiments, the content of the inorganic nano-particle be 0.099wt%, 0.033wt%, 0.10wt%, 0.32wt% or 0.24wt%.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic nano-particle include diatomite, kaolin, bentonite, attapulgite, One or more of fumed silica and precipitated silica.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the content of the diatomite is 0~0.3wt%.In certain embodiments, institute The content for stating diatomite is 0.033wt% or 0.2wt%.In an embodiment of the present invention, the partial size of the diatomite be 60~ 400 mesh.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the kaolinic content is 0~0.3wt%.In certain embodiments, institute Stating kaolinic content is 0.033wt%, 0.05wt% or 0.02wt%.In an embodiment of the present invention, described kaolinic Partial size is 300~500 mesh.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the bentonitic content is 0~0.3wt%.In certain embodiments, institute Stating bentonitic content is 0.033wt%.In an embodiment of the present invention, the bentonitic partial size is 200~400 mesh.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the content of the attapulgite is 0~0.3wt%.In certain embodiments, The content of the attapulgite is 0.033wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.1wt% or 0.04wt%.In an embodiment of the present invention, The partial size of the attapulgite is 200~400 mesh.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the content of the fumed silica is 0~0.3wt%.In certain realities It applies in example, the content of the fumed silica is 0.033wt% or 0.3wt%.In an embodiment of the present invention, the gas The partial size of phase method silica is 180,000~1,800,000 mesh.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the content of the precipitated silica is 0~0.3wt%.In certain realities It applies in example, the content of the precipitated silica is 0.033wt% or 0.05wt%.In an embodiment of the present invention, described The partial size of precipitated silica is 600~3500 mesh.
In macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical provided by the invention, inorganic nano-particle has excellent chemical stability, heat Inorganic nano-particle is added in specific high hydroscopic resin by stability and compatibility, the present invention, and specific high water absorption can be improved The viscosity of resin can effectively improve going out for macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical to improve the attachment thickness of hydrogel extinguishing chemical Fiery effect has preferable timeliness to fire extinguishing fire prevention.Meanwhile the intensity of specific high hydroscopic resin can be improved in inorganic nano-particle. Too low inorganic nano-particle content is unfavorable for forming stronger network structure, excessively high inorganic nano-particle content, sample weight Amount increases, and is unfavorable for improving attachment thickness.
Therefore, macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical provided by the invention has preferably Adhering capacity, i.e., in vertical object Surface has good Adhering capacity, can be covered on body surface and not fall, extinguishing effect is more excellent.In addition, macromolecule water-setting Inorganic nano-particle in glue extinguishing chemical is cotton-shaped, light weight, and performance is stablized, and is easy to transport and store, and cheap, at This lower, safe and non-toxic, odorlessness, no pollution to the environment.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical described above, comprising the following steps:
Super absorbent resin, inorganic nano-particle and water are mixed, macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical is obtained.
The type and proportion of the super absorbent resin and inorganic nano-particle are same as above, and details are not described herein.
The present invention has no special limitation to the source of the raw material used above, can be general commercially available.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the mixed temperature be room temperature, the mixed time be 0.5~ 3min.In certain embodiments, the mixed time is 0.5min, 1min, 2min or 3min.
The present invention provides a kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemicals, comprising: 0.1~0.5wt% of super absorbent resin;It is inorganic 0.01~0.5wt% of nanoparticle;The water of surplus;The super absorbent resin include polyacrylate type high water absorption resin and/ Or acrylates-acrylamide copolymer.In macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical provided by the invention, inorganic nano-particle has excellent Inorganic nano-particle is added in specific high hydroscopic resin by good chemical stability, thermal stability and compatibility, the present invention, can To improve the viscosity of specific super absorbent resin, to improve the attachment thickness of hydrogel extinguishing chemical, high score can be effectively improved The extinguishing effect of sub- hydrogel extinguishing chemical has preferable timeliness to fire extinguishing fire prevention.Meanwhile inorganic nano-particle can be improved it is specific The intensity of super absorbent resin.Therefore, macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical provided by the invention has preferably Adhering capacity, that is, exists Vertical body surface has good Adhering capacity, can be covered on body surface and not fall, extinguishing effect is more excellent.In addition, Inorganic nano-particle in macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical is cotton-shaped, light weight, and performance is stablized, and is easy to transport and store, and Cheap, cost is relatively low, safe and non-toxic, odorlessness, no pollution to the environment.
The experimental results showed that attachment thickness of the macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical in the present invention on vertical plank is greater than 4.9mm, extinguishing chemical is also not easy to drip in the case where vertical spraying.
Meanwhile the extinguishing effect of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical of the invention is more excellent, the 1A fire required time of going out completely is equal No more than 2min;The 55B that the goes out completely fiery required time is no more than 5min, and fire-fighting efficiency is higher.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, below with reference to embodiment to a kind of macromolecule hydrogel fire extinguishing provided by the invention Agent and preparation method thereof is described in detail, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Raw material used in following embodiment is general commercially available.The partial size of the diatomite is 60~400 mesh, the kaolinite The partial size of soil is 300~500 mesh, and the bentonitic partial size is 200~400 mesh, the partial size of the attapulgite is 200~ 400 mesh, the partial size of the fumed silica are 180,000~1,800,000 mesh, the partial size of the precipitated silica is 600~ 3500 mesh.
Embodiment 1
A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical, obtains after mixing 0.5min at normal temperature by following raw material:
Platform modelingAG101 type super absorbent resin 0.3wt%;
Diatomite 0.033wt%;
Kaolin 0.033wt%;
Bentonite 0.033wt%;
The water of surplus.
Embodiment 2
A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical, obtains after mixing 1min at normal temperature by following raw material:
Platform modelingBC388SDA type super absorbent resin 0.3wt%;
Attapulgite 0.033wt%;
The water of surplus.
Embodiment 3
A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical, obtains after mixing 2min at normal temperature by following raw material:
Platform modelingBC283FAN super absorbent resin 0.3wt%;
Diatomite 0.033wt%;
Attapulgite 0.033wt%;
Fumed silica 0.033wt%;
Surplus is water.
Embodiment 4
A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical, obtains after mixing 2min at normal temperature by following raw material:
SUMITOMO CHEMICAL AQUA KEEP type high hydroscopic resin 0.3wt%;
Diatomite 0.033wt%;
Attapulgite 0.033wt%;
Sedimentation silica 0.033wt%;
Surplus is water.
Embodiment 5
A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical, obtains after mixing 2min at normal temperature by following raw material:
Japanese catalyst AQUALIC CA type high hydroscopic resin 0.3wt%;
Kaolin 0.05wt%;
Attapulgite 0.05wt%;
Surplus is water.
Embodiment 6
A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical, obtains after mixing 2min at normal temperature by following raw material:
ICL Performance Products LP company, the U.S.AquaGel-K type super absorbent resin Rouge 0.3wt%;
Kaolin 0.05wt%;
Sedimentation silica 0.05wt%;
Surplus is water.
Embodiment 7
A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical, obtains after mixing 3min at normal temperature by following raw material:
U.S. FireOut Enterprise, Inc companyICE type high hydroscopic resin 0.2wt%;
Fumed silica 0.3wt%;
Kaolin 0.02wt%;
Surplus is water.
Embodiment 8
A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical, obtains after mixing 2min at normal temperature by following raw material:
U.S. GelTech Solution, Inc companyType high hydroscopic resin 0.5wt%;
Diatomite 0.2wt%;
Attapulgite 0.04wt%;
Surplus is water.
Comparative example 1
A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical, obtains after mixing 2min at normal temperature by following raw material:
Platform modelingAG101 super absorbent resin 0.4wt%;
Surplus is water.
Comparative example 2
A kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical, obtains after mixing 2min at normal temperature by following raw material:
SUMITOMO CHEMICAL AQUA KEEP type high hydroscopic resin super absorbent resin 0.5wt%;
Surplus is water.
The macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical that detection Examples 1 to 8 and comparative example 1~2 obtain is attached on vertical plank Situation, the results are shown in Table 1.
The extinguishing chemical of each embodiment of table 1 and comparative example sticks experimental result
As it can be seen from table 1 attachment thickness of the macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical in the present invention on vertical plank is greater than 4.9mm, extinguishing chemical is also not easy to drip in the case where vertical spraying.Thus, the macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical in the present invention exists There is good Adhering capacity on vertical plank.And the extinguishing chemical in comparative example is easy drippage on vertical plank, sticks Ability is very weak.In practical applications, when being sprayed on vertical metope, surface (such as tank truck surface) containing stainless steel, this hair Bright extinguishing chemical is because there is good adhesion, it is possible to preferable to play covering, fire extinguishing and cooling effect.
According to standard GB17835-2008 " water-based extinguishing agent ", the high score that Examples 1 to 8 and comparative example 1~2 are obtained Sub- hydrogel extinguishing chemical carries out fire extinguishing detection, and testing result is as shown in table 2.
The fire extinguishing situation for the macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical that 2 Examples 1 to 4 of table and comparative example 1~2 obtain
From table 2 it can be seen that the extinguishing effect of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical of the invention is significantly superior in comparative example The extinguishing effect of extinguishing chemical, the 1A fire required time of going out completely is shorter, is no more than 2min;It goes out completely the 55B fire required time Also shorter, it is no more than 5min, fire-fighting efficiency is higher.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one The widest scope of cause.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical, comprising:
0.1~0.5wt% of super absorbent resin;
0.01~0.5wt% of inorganic nano-particle;
The water of surplus;
The super absorbent resin includes polyacrylate type high water absorption resin and/or acrylates-acrylamide copolymer.
2. macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the polyacrylate type high water absorption Resin includes one or more of sodium polyacrylate high hydroscopic resin and polyacrylic acid potassium class high hydroscopic resin.
3. macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the content of the super absorbent resin For 0.2~0.5wt%.
4. macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the content of the inorganic nano-particle For 0.01~0.35wt%.
5. macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inorganic nano-particle includes silicon One or more of diatomaceous earth, kaolin, bentonite, attapulgite, fumed silica and precipitated silica.
6. macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the partial size of the diatomite be 60~ 400 mesh, kaolinic partial size are 300~500 mesh, bentonitic partial size be 200~400 mesh, attapulgite partial size be 200~ 400 mesh, fumed silica partial size be 180,000~1,800,000 mesh, the partial size of precipitated silica is 600~3500 mesh.
7. macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical In, bentonitic content is 0~0.3wt%;Kaolinic content is 0~0.3wt%;The content of diatomite be 0~ 0.3wt%;The content of attapulgite is 0~0.3wt%;The content of fumed silica is 0~0.3wt%;The precipitation method two The content of silica is 0~0.3wt%.
8. the preparation method of macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical described in a kind of claim 1, comprising the following steps:
Super absorbent resin, inorganic nano-particle and water are mixed, macromolecule hydrogel extinguishing chemical is obtained.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the mixed temperature is room temperature, the mixing Time is 0.5~3min.
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