CN109966433A - 一种治疗痛风性关节炎的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种治疗痛风性关节炎的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗急性痛风性关节炎的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用。所述中药组合物由下列重量份的中药原料制成:土茯苓9~15份、萆薢9~15份、车前草6~12份、赤芍6~12份、威灵仙6~12份、苍术6~12份。具体制备包括如下步骤:按配比称取各组成中药材,加水一起煎煮提取,合并煎煮提取液,过滤,浓缩,离心,干燥,制得干浸膏。临床试验表明本发明的药物组合物具有改善患者关节疼痛,改善中医症候积分,提高临床治疗的作用。动物实验表明本发明的药物组合物具有具有改善大鼠炎症指标,降低血尿酸,改善步态的功能。因此本发明的药物组合可望用于制备治疗急性痛风性关节炎的药物制剂,具有药用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药领域,具体涉及一种治疗急性痛风性关节炎的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
痛风是一种由于嘌呤生物合成代谢增加,尿酸产生过多或因尿酸排泄不良而致血中尿酸升高,尿酸盐结晶沉积在关节滑膜、滑囊、软骨及其他组织中引起的反复发作性炎性疾病。它是由于单钠尿酸盐结晶(MSU)或尿酸在细胞外液形成超饱和状态,使其晶体在组织中沉积而造成的一组异源性疾病。痛风主要包括急性发作性关节炎、痛风石形成、痛风石性慢性关节炎、尿酸盐肾病和尿酸性尿路结石,重者可出现关节残疾和肾功能不全。
急性痛风性关节炎多数患者发作前无明显征兆,或仅有疲乏、全身不适和关节刺痛等。典型发作常于深夜因关节痛而惊醒,疼痛进行性加剧,在12小时左右达高峰,呈撕裂样、刀割样或咬噬样,难以忍受。受累关节及周围组织红、肿、热、痛和功能受限。多于数天或2周内自行缓解。首次发作多侵犯单关节,部分以上发生在第一跖趾关节,在以后的病程中,部分患者累及该部位。其次为足背、足跟、踝、膝、腕和肘等关节,肩、髋、脊柱和颞颌等关节少受累,可同时累及多个关节,表现为多关节炎。部分患者可有发热、寒战、头痛、心悸和恶心等全身症状,可伴白细胞计数升高、红细胞沉降率增快和C反应蛋白增高等。
急性痛风性关节炎常用以下药物:(1)非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs),非甾体类抗炎药均可有效缓解急性痛风症状,为一线用药。非选择性非甾体类抗炎药如吲哚美辛等常见不良反应为胃肠道症状,必要时可加用胃保护剂,活动性消化性溃疡禁用,伴肾功能不全者慎用。选择性环氧化酶(COX)-2抑制剂如塞来昔布胃肠道反应较少,但应注意其心血管系统的不良反应。
(2)秋水仙碱是治疗急性发作的传统药物。秋水仙碱不良反应较多,主要是胃肠道反应,也可引起骨髓抑制、肝损害、过敏和神经毒性等。不良反应与剂量相关,肾功能不全者应减量使用。
(3)糖皮质激素治疗急性痛风有明显疗效,通常用于不能耐受非甾体类抗炎药和秋水仙碱或肾功能不全者。单关节或少关节的急性发作,可行关节腔抽液和注射长效糖皮质激素,以减少药物全身反应,但应除外合并感染。对于多关节或严重急性发作可口服、肌肉注射、静脉使用中小剂量的糖皮质激素。为避免停药后症状“反跳”,停药时可加用小剂量秋水仙碱或非甾体类抗炎药。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述问题,本发明的目的是提供一种能有效、低毒治疗急性痛风性关节炎的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
本发明的第一方面是提供了一种治疗急性痛风性关节炎的中药组合物,所述中药组合物由下列重量份的中药原料制成:土茯苓9~15份、萆薢9~15份、车前草6~12份、赤芍6~12份、威灵仙6~12份、苍术6~12份。
在一优选例中,所述中药组合物由下列重量份的中药原料制成:土茯苓15份、萆薢12份、车前草9份、赤芍9份、威灵仙9份、苍术6份。
本发明的第二方面是提供了一种所述中药组合物的制备方法,所述方法以中药材为原料采用水提法制成干浸膏,包括如下步骤:
a)称取处方量的土茯苓、萆薢、车前草、赤芍、威灵仙、苍术;
b)加水煎煮两次,每次煎煮1小时,每次加水体积量是药材总重量的8倍;合并两次水煎液,过滤;
c)将滤液浓缩至室温下测定的相对密度为1.20,然后用体积分数为60%~95%的乙醇水溶液醇沉;
d)回收乙醇并浓缩至室温下测定的相对密度为1.36,得浸膏,真空干燥,得干浸膏。
本发明的第三方面是提供了一种所述中药组合物的制备方法,所述方法以中药材为原料采用醇提法制成干浸膏,包括如下步骤:
a)称取处方量的土茯苓、萆薢、车前草、赤芍、威灵仙、苍术;
b)加体积分数为60%~95%的乙醇水溶液,回流提取两次,每次1.5小时,每次所用乙醇水溶液的体积量是药材总重量的8~10倍;
c)合并醇提液,减压回收乙醇,得浸膏,真空干燥,得干浸膏。
在一优选例中,所述浸膏真空干燥的温度为60℃~80℃。
在另一优选例中,所述浸膏真空干燥的温度为70℃。
本发明的第四方面是提供了所述中药组合物在制备治疗急性痛风性关节炎的药物制剂中的应用。
在一优选例中,所述药物制剂为颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂或滴丸剂。
具体实施方式
本专利发明人认为本病多因湿浊郁热,痹阻关节。根据多年的临床经验,筛选出具有清热利湿泄浊、凉血通络止痛功效的中药汤剂——本发明组合物。本发明组合物中土茯苓清热泄浊,通利关节为君。萆薢、车前草清热利湿为臣。赤芍凉血、威灵仙通络为佐。苍术健脾燥湿为使。临床试验结果表明:本发明组合物具有改善患者关节疼痛,改善中医症候积分,提高临床治疗疗效的作用。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细、完整地说明。
下述实施例中所用的土茯苓、萆薢、车前草、赤芍、威灵仙、苍术均符合中国药典2005版一部正文各药材项下的有关各项规定。各药材已经过净制、切制、炮制、粉碎等加工处理,投料前,通过鉴定,各味药材实物与名称相符,质量符合国家药典标准(具体药材鉴定办法参照药典标准执行)。
实施例1
称取土茯苓15克、萆薢12克、车前草12克、赤芍12克、威灵仙12克、苍术6克;
加水煎煮两次,每次煎煮1小时,每次加水216ml;合并两次水煎液,过滤;
将滤液浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.20,然后用体积分数为70%的乙醇水溶液进行醇沉;
回收乙醇并浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.36,最后在70℃的条件下真空干燥,得干浸膏4g。
实施例2
称取土茯苓30克、萆薢24克、车前草24克、赤芍24克、威灵仙24克、苍术12克;
加水煎煮两次,每次煎煮1小时,每次加水216ml;合并两次水煎液,过滤;
将滤液浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.20,然后用体积分数为70%的乙醇水溶液进行醇沉;
回收乙醇并浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.36,最后在70℃的条件下真空干燥,得干浸膏4g。
实施例3
称取土茯苓30克、萆薢12克、车前草12克、赤芍12克、威灵仙12克、苍术9克;
加水煎煮两次,每次煎煮1小时,每次加水216ml;合并两次水煎液,过滤;
将滤液浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.20,然后用体积分数为70%的乙醇水溶液进行醇沉;
回收乙醇并浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.36,最后在70℃的条件下真空干燥,得干浸膏4g。
实施例4
称取土茯苓30克、萆薢24克、车前草12克、赤芍12克、威灵仙12克、苍术9克;
加体积分数为70%的乙醇水溶液,回流提取两次,每次1.5小时,每次所用乙醇水溶液的体积量是药材总重量的8~10倍;
合并醇提液,减压回收乙醇,最后在70℃的条件下真空干燥,得干浸膏4g。
实施例5
称取土茯苓15克、萆薢24克、车前草12克、赤芍9克、威灵仙9克、苍术6克;
加水煎煮两次,每次煎煮1小时,每次加水216ml;合并两次水煎液,过滤;
将滤液浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.20,然后用体积分数为70%的乙醇水溶液进行醇沉;
回收乙醇并浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.36,最后在70℃的条件下真空干燥,得干浸膏4g。
相对密度为1.4;在4000r/min的转速下离心1分钟;在70℃真空干燥,得干浸膏。
实施例6
称取土茯苓150克、萆薢120克、车前草120克、赤芍120克、威灵仙120克、苍术60克;
加水煎煮两次,每次煎煮1小时,每次加水28.8L;合并两次水煎液,过滤;
将滤液浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.20,然后用体积分数为70%的乙醇水溶液进行醇沉;
回收乙醇并浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.36,最后在70℃的条件下真空干燥,得干浸膏480g。
实施例7
称取土茯苓300克、萆薢240克、车前草120克、赤芍120克、威灵仙120克、苍术60克;
加水煎煮两次,每次煎煮1小时,每次加水28.8L;合并两次水煎液,过滤;
将滤液浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.20,然后用体积分数为90%的乙醇水溶液进行醇沉;
回收乙醇并浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.36,最后在80℃的条件下真空干燥,得干浸膏480g。
实施例8
土茯苓300克、萆薢240克、车前草240克、赤芍120克、威灵仙120克、苍术60克;
加水煎煮两次,每次煎煮1小时,每次加水28.8L;合并两次水煎液,过滤;
将滤液浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.20,然后用体积分数为70%的乙醇水溶液进行醇沉;
回收乙醇并浓缩至25℃下测定的相对密度为1.36,最后在60℃的条件下真空干燥,得干浸膏460g。
实施例9
取干浸膏150g(相当于生药1000g),加入淀粉80g、糊精120g、羧甲基淀粉钠20g,以50%乙醇作为粘合剂,制软材,过14目筛制颗粒,干燥,加入适量滑石粉压片,素片包薄膜衣,即得采用所述中药组合物制备的片剂。
实施例10
取干浸膏共230g,乳糖480g,甘露醇100g,交联PVP100g,95%乙醇适量,硬脂酸镁15g。压制成片,即得采用所述中药组合物制备的固体分散片。
实施例11
取干浸膏200g,按1:2比例加入聚乙二醇4000,混匀,加热熔融,密闭并保温在80℃,滴入0~10℃液体石蜡中,收集滴丸,沥尽并擦去冷却液,即得采用所述中药组合物制备的滴丸。
实施例12
取干浸膏200g,乳糖90g,硬脂酸镁1.5g,混匀后压大片(片重2g),将此预压片在摇摆式颗粒剂中破碎,整粒,用铝塑复合膜分装,即得采用所述中药组合物制备的颗粒剂。
实施例13
取干浸膏200g,加入淀粉150g,混匀,过七号筛,装胶囊,即得采用所述中药组合物制备的胶囊。
实施例14
将20g蜂蜡、500g大豆油加热至约50℃,搅拌待其完全熔融,即制成蜂蜡油;取干浸膏500g,加入蜂蜡油中,搅匀;用胶体磨湿法粉碎过筛,制成油混悬剂,备用;取300g明胶加入适量水,使之吸水膨胀,将适150g甘油加热后加入已膨胀的明胶中,搅拌加热至熔融;将外壳胶液过滤抽气,除去部分水份和泡沫,使用转模式软胶囊制造机,将调配好的内容物压入外壳胶片,包于其中形成软胶囊。洗去胶囊表面的油污,置于温度为25-30℃,相对湿度为20-25%的烘箱中干燥,即得采用所述中药组合物制备的软胶囊。
下面通过临床试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果。
临床试验资料
1临床资料与方法
1.1临床资料
全部患者均为2016年1月一2016年12月在本院脉管病科门诊患者,均符合符合美国风湿病学会痛风的诊断标准。共120例,按随机数字表分为观察组和对照组。观察组60例中男36例,女24例;年龄42一75岁.平均(52.2土9.2)岁。对照组60例中男32例,女28例,年龄41—73岁,平均(52.6土11.5)岁。2组患者性别、年龄经统计学处理,差异均无显著性差异(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2治疗方法
对照组口服四妙丸,每日2次,每次1袋(批准文号:国药准字Z22024960,规格:每袋装6g,6袋/盒)。治疗组服用本发明组合物(按实施例1制备的口服液制剂),2次/日。2周1个疗程2,两组均观察2个疗程。
1.3观案指标
患者入院后次日清晨和治疗1个疗程后进行如下指标的测定和评估:中医证候积分及疗效评定;白细胞(WBC)、中性粒细胞(NE)、血沉(ESR)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)。
1.4统计学方法
采用SPSS10.0软件进行统计分析。计量资料以(x土s)表示,治疗前后比较用t检验,疗效比较采用Ridit分析。
2结果
2.1中医证候积分评定,见表1
表1两组治疗前后中医症候积分比较(x土s)
注:两组治疗前后比较,*p<0.05**p<0.01,观察组和对照组比较,#p<0.05##p<0.01
与治疗前比较,治疗后两组患者中医症候积分均有显著性下降p<0.01,观察组优于对照组,p<0.05。
2.2炎症指标变化情况比较,见表2,表3
表2两组相关炎症指标变化情况比较
表3两组患者治疗前后WBC/NE比较(X±S)
注:与本组治疗前比较,*P<0.05;与对照组治疗后比较,#P<0.05
2.3临床疗效评定,见表4
表4两组临床疗效比较(例%)
注:观察组和对照组比较,*p<0.05**p<0.01
临床总有效率观察组为93.34%,对照组为73.34%,两组治疗后比较,差异有显著性意义,治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05)。
2.4药物不良反应、安全性检测:患者接受治疗期间未发现不良反应,治疗前后每位患者进行血、尿、大便常规及肝肾功能、心电图等检查均未发现可能直接与治疗有关的异常改变。
3.结论:本发明的药物组合物具有改善患者关节疼痛,改善中医症候积分,提高临床治疗疗效的作用。
拆方实验研究
1.材料与方法:
1.1苓薢痛风方:成人按照60kg计,每天推荐用量12克。按照处方比例,分别形成以下组合:土茯苓、萆薢、车前草(苓薢痛风方Ⅰ)、土茯苓、萆薢、威灵仙(苓薢痛风方Ⅱ)、土茯苓、萆薢、赤芍(苓薢痛风方Ⅲ)、土茯苓、萆薢、苍术(苓薢痛风方Ⅳ),阳性对照组苓薢痛风方,阴性对照组蒸馏水。苓薢痛风方以及苓薢痛风方Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组按照实施例1的方法制成,均以临床剂量10倍量为受试剂量。
1.2.动物:清洁级雄性Wister大鼠。上海斯莱克实验动物有限责任公司提供。
1.3.实验方法
动物按体重分为6组,每小组10只,以苓薢痛风方拆分的四个组别为受试物,设萆薢苓薢痛风方为阳性对照组和蒸馏水为阴性对照组。大鼠每天,给药剂量为20Ml/kg,连续10天,各组在治疗4周后。10%乌拉坦腹腔麻醉,经腹主动脉取血,常温下静置1h,3000r/min,离心15min,2h内分离血清,4℃冰箱保存。
1.4观察指标:
1.4.1炎症指标、肾功能。
1.4.2步态指标。步态分级按Coerre介绍的方法进行,0级正常行走;I级为轻微跛行,受试下肢略有弯曲;Ⅱ级为中度跛行,受试下肢只能触及地面而不能受力;Ⅲ级为重度跛行,受试下肢弯曲离开地面,三足着地行走。
1.5.统计方法:实验数据以SOSS软件进行分析,指标计量数据x±s计算及其95%CI,组内治疗前后差异采用配对t检验;等级资料采用多维度频率分布表分析;组间比较采用两组独立样本的非参数检验。
2结果
2.1对大鼠炎症指标的影响,见表5
表5相关炎症指标变化情况比较
注:阳性对照组与拆方组比较,*p<0.05**p<0.01,阳性对照组和阴性对照组比较,#p<0.05##p<0.01。
阳性对照组与与拆方组比较,各炎症指标均有下降p<0.05;与阴性对照组比较各炎症指标显著下降p<0.01。各拆方组间比较炎症指标无显著差异,与阴性对照组比较也无差异。
2.2对大鼠步态影响
药物对步态的影响结果如表6所示,阳性对照组能减轻大鼠的急性关节炎症,改善其步态。
表6药物对大鼠步态的影响
2.3对大鼠肾功能影响
表7药物对肾功能的影响
注:阳性对照组与拆方组比较,*p<0.05**p<0.01,阳性对照组和阴性对照组比较,#p<0.05##p<0.01。
阳性对照组与与拆方组比较,血尿酸指标均有下降p<0.05;与阴性对照组比较血尿酸指标显著下降p<0.01。各拆方组间比较血尿酸指标无显著差异,与阴性对照组比较也无差异。
阳性对照组、各拆方组、阴性对照组间血肌酐比较无差异。
3.结论:本发明的药物组合物具有改善大鼠炎症指标,降低血尿酸,改善步态的功能。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗急性痛风性关节炎的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物由下列重量份的中药原料制成:土茯苓9~15份、萆薢9~15份、车前草6~12份、赤芍6~12份、威灵仙6~12份、苍术6~12份。
2.如权利要求1所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物由下列重量份的中药原料制成:土茯苓15份、萆薢12份、车前草9份、赤芍9份、威灵仙9份、苍术6份。
3.如权利要求1所述的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法以中药材为原料采用水提法制成干浸膏,包括如下步骤:
a)称取处方量的土茯苓、萆薢、车前草、赤芍、威灵仙、苍术;
b)加水煎煮两次,每次煎煮1小时,每次加水体积量是药材总重量的8倍;合并两次水煎液,过滤;
c)将滤液浓缩至室温下测定的相对密度为1.20,然后用体积分数为60%~95%的乙醇水溶液醇沉;
d)回收乙醇并浓缩至室温下测定的相对密度为1.36,得浸膏,真空干燥,得干浸膏。
4.如权利要求1所述的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法以中药材为原料采用醇提法制成干浸膏,包括如下步骤:
a)称取处方量的土茯苓、萆薢、车前草、赤芍、威灵仙、苍术;
b)加体积分数为60%~95%的乙醇水溶液,回流提取两次,每次1.5小时,每次所用乙醇水溶液的体积量是药材总重量的8~10倍;
c)合并醇提液,减压回收乙醇,得浸膏,真空干燥,得干浸膏。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述浸膏真空干燥的温度为60℃~80℃。
6.如权利要求5所述的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述浸膏真空干燥的温度为70℃。
7.如权利要求1所述的中药组合物在制备治疗急性痛风性关节炎的药物制剂中的应用。
8.如权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物制剂为颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂或滴丸剂。
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