CN109957183A - 隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊及其制备方法 - Google Patents
隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊,包括以下重量份的各原料:丁基橡胶85~95份,氯丁橡胶5~15份,氧化锌12~18份,硬脂酸2~4份,石蜡3~5份,炭黑N550 12~18份,炭黑N330 8~12份,防老剂D 1.5~2.5份,碳纳米管0.5~1.5份,松焦油0.8~1.2份,促进剂DM 1.5~2.5份,促进剂CZ 1.5~2.5份,对苯醌二肟 1.5~2.5份,硫磺1.5~2.5份。制备方法包括炼胶、压延裁断、压出、成型、硫化、包装等六道工艺步骤,硫化生产时从硫化温度、时间和压力上进行调整,从根本上解决了人工耗时耗力的问题;另外,由于液态水成本低、能够循环利用,可以明显降低企业的生产成本。
Description
一、技术领域:
本发明涉及一种橡胶制品的生产工艺,特别是涉及一种隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊及其制备方法。
二、背景技术:
离合器橡胶气囊是一种以橡胶为主要材料,配以高强度的纤维布,经过硫化等各类工序后加工制作而成的具有很好的膨胀和收缩功能的不同形状的内膜。目前的离合器橡胶气囊由于原料配比、弹性要求以及高导热性能等原因,抗撕裂性能、耐磨性能、耐老化性能和导热导电性能都不尽人意。目前市面上常用的是隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊,其生产工序包括炼胶、压延裁断、压出、成型、硫化、包装共六道工序,其中硫化工序是特殊关键工序,硫化的温度、时间和压力直接影响产品的质量。目前国内外多数企业所采用的硫化模式是:使用传统的硫化罐进行硫化,用烧锅炉的方式来提供蒸汽进而进行产品硫化,因为硫化罐硫化不能做到因需定量,尤其是在某类订单量少或某种产品所需较小时,硫化罐硫化会消耗大量的能源,从而造成资源浪费,提高生产成本。另外,由于硫化罐本身较大,从装罐到卸罐整个过程中,都需要多人配合,浪费人力,也存在很大的安全隐患。
三、发明内容:
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:克服现有技术的不足,提供一种隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊及其制备方法,通过不同的原料配比,通过特殊的制备方法,使所制备的隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊具有超抗撕裂性能、超耐磨性能、超耐老化性和超高导热导电性能,使用寿命较长;在硫化工艺过程中,通过利用高压泵供水来增加气囊内压,提高气囊致密度,优化产品质量,且液态水成本低、可循环利用,明显降低企业生产成本。
本发明为解决技术问题所采取的技术方案是:
一种隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊,包括以下重量份的各原料:丁基橡胶85~95份,氯丁橡胶5~15份,氧化锌12~18份,硬脂酸2~4份,石蜡3~5份,炭黑N550 12~18份,炭黑N3308~12份,防老剂D 1.5~2.5份,碳纳米管0.5~1.5份,松焦油0.8~1.2份,促进剂DM 1.5~2.5份,促进剂CZ 1.5~2.5份,对苯醌二肟1.5~2.5份,硫磺1.5~2.5份。
所述的隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊,优选地,包括以下重量份的各原料:丁基橡胶90份,氯丁橡胶10份,氧化锌15份,硬脂酸3.0份,石蜡4.0份,炭黑N550 15份,炭黑N330 10份,防老剂D 2.0份,碳纳米管1.0份,松焦油1.0份,促进剂DM 2份,促进剂CZ 2份,对苯醌二肟2.0份,硫磺2.0份。
上面所述的隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊的制备方法,包括炼胶、压延裁断、压出、成型、硫化、包装等六道工艺步骤,其具体加工步骤如下:
A、炼胶工艺:
①配料:按照生产配方重量要求,准确无误称量各原料并置于料盆中,以备混炼使用;
②生胶塑炼:在投胶前将开炼机辊距调至1~1.5mm,将辊温调至室温,将大小粘度不同的生胶原料依次上车轧软,薄通7遍为一段;各生胶原料混合均匀,再将开炼机辊距调至4~5mm,薄通2遍,所得到的塑炼胶打包备用;
③混炼:将塑炼胶投入密炼机中,按照生产配方顺序依次投入各药剂进行混炼,在110℃温度条件下混炼15~20分钟;
④排料:混炼后排料,放入炼胶机薄通下片,出片后将半成品胶料浸水冷却;
B、压延裁断工艺;
压延:将半成品胶料附着在帘子布或帆布上面;裁断:将压延过的半成品帘子布或帆布裁剪为产品所需要的尺寸规格;
C、压出工艺:
将半成品胶经炼胶机至压出机制成各种型号的胶片,下片至使用之间的停放时间不小于4小时;
D、成型工艺:
①气囊成型胶片按照规定规格尺寸裁断,接头处必须削坡茬,然后用花牙器压实保持内胎宽窄一致、厚薄均匀;
②成型前:气囊、帘子布、外层胶的重量必须严格称重,误差控制在±1%;
③成型中:每层之间都设置有衬布,包一层刷一层汽油,挥发后包复,每层用手滚花牙排除气泡,下层重复上层工艺,以此类推,得到半成品气囊;
④成型后检测:半成品气囊检测合格后,送入硫化工序;
E、硫化工艺:
①启用电加热硫化装置系统,清理硫化机上的橡胶气囊模具,然后用硅油布轻擦模具;
②模具中装入半成品气囊,合模,通过高压泵供水增加气囊内压,在温度为145℃、压力2.25Mpa的条件下硫化50~70分钟
③硫化结束后,先将气囊体内水压排完,然后开模,出模;
④成品出模后,保持气囊不落地,倒出残余水,修剪内外胶边,清理气咀余胶;经检验合格进入包装工序。
F、包装工艺:
气嘴涂上防锈油,用防尘帽扣住气嘴,贴上商标、合格证,用白布条包装,重叠缠绕气胎一周,然后用胶带封口入库。
所述的压延裁断工艺中,压延要求空负荷启动开车,从低速到高速逐步加速,滚筒正常后通入蒸汽或冷水进行加热或冷却,压延胶片要掌握好车速和辊温,胶帆布、帘子布松紧要适当,不能卷在垫布外面;所述半成品胶料要打空心胶卷,存胶不能过多,防止烧焦。
所述的硫化工艺中,高压泵供水过程中液态水的最低压力为25千克/cm2;在硫化进行时,液态水受热膨胀,逐步提升气囊的内在压力。
本发明的积极有益效果是:
1、本发明通过特殊的原料配比和独特的制备加工方法,使所制备的隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊具有超抗撕裂性能、超耐磨性能、超耐老化性和超高导热导电性能,既有很好的抗胀强度,又具有较好的弹性和柔韧性,橡胶气囊能满足在各种工作条件下的施工使用,可使其硫化胶物性达到156℃×15min,邵尔A型硬度42度,拉伸强度18.7Mpa,300%定伸应力3.86Mpa,扯断伸长率802%,撕裂轻度56.5kN/m。
2、本发明的原料中加入了一定量的碳纳米管材料,碳纳米管具有优异的力学性能、导电和导热性能,是聚合物基复合材料理想的力学强化和功能改性材料。碳纳米管呈纳米纤维状,自身极易团聚和缠结,且表面为规整的石墨晶片结构,其所形成的高性能高强度的碳纳米管橡胶复合材料具有承压高、超高导热导电性,并且可使抗拉伸强度提高30~40%。
3、本发明通过利用高压泵将液态水(液态水的最低承压为25千克/cm2左右)注入橡胶气囊中,用压力表控制压力大小,从而代替传统硫化所用的蒸汽增压(蒸汽的最高承压为6~8千克左右),增加了硫化时橡胶气囊的内压,提高了橡胶气囊的致密度,优化了被加工橡胶气囊的产品质量;另外,液态水成本低、能够循环利用,可以明显降低企业的生产成本。
4、本发明硫化工艺采用交流电加热,根据需要单机单只生产所需橡胶气囊,取代传统大罐装的蒸汽硫化生产方法,避免批量生产时大罐装硫化过程中蒸汽等能源的浪费,节约生产耗能。
5、本发明橡胶气囊的生产从硫化温度、时间和压力上进行调整,使生产过程中模具准确合模、开模、升降定位,从根本上解决人工耗时耗力的问题。
与国内外常规的硫化方法相比较:本发明具有可以明显提高产品质量、环保节能、减少体力劳动等优点(参见表1),在市场竞争中具有很大的优势,能产生很大的综合经济效益,具有很强的市场竞争力。
表1:本发明和传统硫化方法的对比
本发明与其他传统硫化方法相比较:产品质量大幅度提高,降低了生产成本,增强了产品的市场竞争力经济效益分析(参见表2)。
表2:本发明和传统硫化方法经济利益的对比
本发明隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊的生产方法,对每个关键点都进行了控制和采取了有效措施,杜绝了盲点区域,使隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊的质量得到了很大的提升和保障。
具体实施方式:
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的解释和说明:
实施例1:一种隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊,包括以下重量份的各原料:丁基橡胶85份,氯丁橡胶15份,氧化锌12份,硬脂酸2份,石蜡3份,炭黑N550 12份,炭黑N330 8份,防老剂D1.5份,碳纳米管0.5份,松焦油0.8份,促进剂DM 1.5份,促进剂CZ 1.5份,对苯醌二肟1.5份,硫磺1.5份。
上面所述的隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊的制备方法,包括炼胶、压延裁断、压出、成型、硫化、包装等六道工艺步骤,其具体加工步骤如下:
A、炼胶工艺:
①配料:按照生产配方重量要求,准确无误称量各原料并置于料盆中,以备混炼使用;
②生胶塑炼:在投胶前将开炼机辊距调至1~1.5mm,将辊温调至室温,将大小粘度不同的生胶原料依次上车轧软,薄通7遍为一段;各生胶原料混合均匀,再将开炼机辊距调至4~5mm,薄通2遍,所得到的塑炼胶打包备用;
③混炼:将塑炼胶投入密炼机中,按照生产配方顺序依次投入各药剂进行混炼,在110℃温度条件下混炼15~20分钟;
④排料:混炼后排料,放入炼胶机薄通下片,出片后将半成品胶料浸水冷却;
B、压延裁断工艺;
压延:将半成品胶料附着在帘子布或帆布上面;裁断:将压延过的半成品帘子布或帆布裁剪为产品所需要的尺寸规格;
C、压出工艺:
将半成品胶经炼胶机至压出机制成各种型号的胶片,下片至使用之间的停放时间不小于4小时;
D、成型工艺:
①气囊成型胶片按照规定规格尺寸裁断,接头处必须削坡茬,然后用花牙器压实保持内胎宽窄一致、厚薄均匀;
②成型前:气囊、帘子布、外层胶的重量必须严格称重,误差控制在±1%;
③成型中:每层之间都设置有衬布,包一层刷一层汽油,挥发后包复,每层用手滚花牙排除气泡,下层重复上层工艺,以此类推,得到半成品气囊;
④成型后检测:半成品气囊检测合格后,送入硫化工序;
E、硫化工艺:
①启用电加热硫化装置系统,清理硫化机上的橡胶气囊模具,然后用硅油布轻擦模具;
②模具中装入半成品气囊,合模,通过高压泵供水增加气囊内压,在温度为145℃、压力2.25Mpa的条件下硫化50~70分钟
③硫化结束后,先将气囊体内水压排完,然后开模,出模;
④成品出模后,保持气囊不落地,倒出残余水,修剪内外胶边,清理气咀余胶;经检验合格进入包装工序。
F、包装工艺:
气嘴涂上防锈油,用防尘帽扣住气嘴,贴上商标、合格证,用白布条包装,重叠缠绕气胎一周,然后用胶带封口入库。
所述的压延裁断工艺中,压延要求空负荷启动开车,从低速到高速逐步加速,滚筒正常后通入蒸汽或冷水进行加热或冷却,压延胶片要掌握好车速和辊温,胶帆布、帘子布松紧要适当,不能卷在垫布外面;所述半成品胶料要打空心胶卷,存胶不能过多,防止烧焦。
所述的硫化工艺中,高压泵供水过程中液态水的最低压力为25千克/cm2;在硫化进行时,液态水受热膨胀,逐步提升气囊的内在压力。
实施例2、本实施例和实施例1制备方法基本相同,相同之处不重述,不同之处在于:一种隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊,包括以下重量份的各原料:丁基橡胶95份,氯丁橡胶5份,氧化锌18份,硬脂酸4份,石蜡5份,炭黑N550 18份,炭黑N330 12份,防老剂D 2.5份,碳纳米管1.5份,松焦油1.2份,促进剂DM 2.5份,促进剂CZ 2.5份,对苯醌二肟2.5份,硫磺2.5份。
实施例3、本实施例和实施例1制备方法基本相同,相同之处不重述,不同之处在于:一种隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊,包括以下重量份的各原料:丁基橡胶90份,氯丁橡胶10份,氧化锌15份,硬脂酸3.0份,石蜡4.0份,炭黑N550 15份,炭黑N330 10份,防老剂D 2.0份,碳纳米管1.0份,松焦油1.0份,促进剂DM 2份,促进剂CZ 2份,对苯醌二肟2.0份,硫磺2.0份。
实施例4、本实施例和实施例1制备方法基本相同,相同之处不重述,不同之处在于:一种隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊,包括以下重量份的各原料:丁基橡胶90份,氯丁橡胶10份,氧化锌14份,硬脂酸2.5份,4份,炭黑N550 16份,炭黑N330 9份,防老剂D 1.8份,碳纳米管0.8份,松焦油1.1份,促进剂DM 2.2份,促进剂CZ 1.9份,对苯醌二肟2.1份,硫磺2.3份。
Claims (5)
1.一种隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊,其特征在于:包括以下重量份的各原料:丁基橡胶85~95份,氯丁橡胶5~15份,氧化锌12~18份,硬脂酸2~4份,石蜡3~5份,炭黑N550 12~18份,炭黑N330 8~12份,防老剂D 1.5~2.5份,碳纳米管0.5~1.5份,松焦油0.8~1.2份,促进剂DM 1.5~2.5份,促进剂CZ 1.5~2.5份,对苯醌二肟 1.5~2.5份,硫磺1.5~2.5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊,其特征在于:包括以下重量份的各原料:丁基橡胶90份,氯丁橡胶10份,氧化锌15份,硬脂酸3.0份,石蜡4.0份,炭黑N550 15份,炭黑N330 10份,防老剂D 2.0份,碳纳米管1.0份,松焦油1.0份,促进剂DM 2份,促进剂CZ 2份,对苯醌二肟 2.0份,硫磺2.0份。
3.权利要求2所述的隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊的制备方法,包括炼胶、压延裁断、压出、成型、硫化、包装等六道工艺步骤,其具体加工步骤如下:
A、炼胶工艺:
①配料:按照生产配方重量要求,准确无误称量各原料并置于料盆中,以备混炼使用;
②生胶塑炼:在投胶前将开炼机辊距调至1~1.5mm,将辊温调至室温,将大小粘度不同的生胶原料依次上车轧软,薄通7遍为一段;各生胶原料混合均匀,再将开炼机辊距调至4~5mm,薄通2遍,所得到的塑炼胶打包备用;
③混炼:将塑炼胶投入密炼机中,按照生产配方顺序依次投入各药剂进行混炼,在110℃温度条件下混炼15~20分钟;
④排料:混炼后排料,放入炼胶机薄通下片,出片后将半成品胶料浸水冷却;
B、压延裁断工艺;
压延:将半成品胶料附着在帘子布或帆布上面;裁断:将压延过的半成品帘子布或帆布裁剪为产品所需要的尺寸规格;
C、压出工艺:
将半成品胶经炼胶机至压出机制成各种型号的胶片,下片至使用之间的停放时间不小于4小时;
D、成型工艺:
①气囊成型胶片按照规定规格尺寸裁断,接头处必须削坡茬,然后用花牙器压实保持内胎宽窄一致、厚薄均匀;
②成型前:气囊、帘子布、外层胶的重量必须严格称重,误差控制在±1% ;
③成型中:每层之间都设置有衬布,包一层刷一层汽油,挥发后包复,每层用手滚花牙排除气泡,下层重复上层工艺,以此类推,得到半成品气囊;
④成型后检测:半成品气囊检测合格后,送入硫化工序;
E、硫化工艺:
①启用电加热硫化装置系统,清理硫化机上的橡胶气囊模具,然后用硅油布轻擦模具;
②模具中装入半成品气囊,合模,通过高压泵供水增加气囊内压,在温度为145℃、压力2.25Mpa的条件下硫化50~70分钟;
③硫化结束后,先将气囊体内水压排完,然后开模,出模;
④成品出模后,保持气囊不落地,倒出残余水,修剪内外胶边,清理气咀余胶;经检验合格进入包装工序;
F、包装工艺:
气嘴涂上防锈油,用防尘帽扣住气嘴,贴上商标、合格证,用白布条包装,重叠缠绕气胎一周,然后用胶带封口入库。
4.根据权利要求3所述的隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊的制备方法,其特征在于:所述压延裁断工艺中,压延要求空负荷启动开车,从低速到高速逐步加速,滚筒正常后通入蒸汽或冷水进行加热或冷却,压延胶片要掌握好车速和辊温,胶帆布、帘子布松紧要适当,不能卷在垫布外面;所述半成品胶料要打空心胶卷,存胶不能过多,防止烧焦。
5.根据权利要求3所述的隔膜式离合器橡胶气囊的制备方法,其特征在于:所述硫化工艺中,高压泵供水过程中液态水的最低压力为25千克/cm²;在硫化进行时,液态水受热膨胀,逐步提升气囊的内在压力。
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