CN109944630B - Low-permeability thin coal seam working face gas extraction method - Google Patents
Low-permeability thin coal seam working face gas extraction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-permeability thin coal seam working face gas extraction method, which divides a working face into an adjacent stoping lane evaluation unit, an adjacent cutting lane evaluation unit and a working face middle evaluation unit, different methods for arranging the bedding gas extraction drill holes are adopted according to different evaluation units, and finally the bedding gas extraction drill holes are connected with a gas extraction pipeline, the method well solves the problem that the gas extraction is not up to standard due to the fact that the gas extraction drill hole is prone to being deviated to the top plate or the bottom plate due to the fact that the coal seam is thin, poor in air permeability and large in length, the gas extraction drill hole is prone to being deviated to the top plate or the bottom plate, the effective utilization rate of the gas extraction drill hole and the gas extraction standard rate of the coal seam in the middle of the working face are improved, and safe recovery of the working face is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a low-permeability thin coal seam working face gas extraction method.
Background
Coal and gas outburst is one of major disasters faced by coal mine safety production, and along with the increase of coal mining intensity and depth in China, the coal and gas outburst disasters are more and more serious in danger, and serious negative effects are caused on coal industrial images.
South China coal resources mainly use a thin coal seam, the gas content is high, the coal seam gas permeability is poor, the time required for the extraction of the working face to reach the standard is long, and the extraction difficulty is high.
In the prior art, for gas extraction of a low-permeability thin coal seam extraction working face, a bedding drill hole is usually constructed from extraction roadways at two sides and a cutting roadway to a working face coal body before the working face is extracted, but the method is difficult to ensure the gas extraction effect of the middle part of the working face, particularly for the low-permeability thin coal seam working face, because the gas is difficult to flow in the coal seam, the gas extraction is more difficult, for the middle area of the working face with a larger length, the bedding gas extraction drill hole can also deviate to a top plate or a bottom plate rock stratum, the gas extraction effect of the bedding gas extraction drill hole is further reduced, the gas extraction effect of the coal seam in the middle area of the working face is poor, the gas in the working face is over-limited during the working face extraction period, and even coal and gas outburst disasters are induced in serious cases.
Therefore, aiming at the problem of gas extraction of the coal seam of the working face with low air permeability, thin coal seam and large length, an extraction method with better pertinence and better gas extraction effect needs to be designed so as to reduce the gas content of the coal seam, reduce the gas pressure of the coal seam, weaken the outburst risk of coal seam coal and gas and improve the extraction safety of the working face.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a low-permeability thin coal seam working face gas extraction method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dividing regions; the upper side and the lower side of the working face are stoping lanes, the right side of the working face is a cutting lane, and the working face is divided into a near stoping lane evaluation unit, a near cutting lane evaluation unit and a working face middle evaluation unit for performing gas extraction evaluation on different areas separately;
step two: constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I; firstly, constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I aiming at an evaluation unit close to a stoping roadway, and constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I in a working face by a roadway side perpendicular to the stoping roadway; secondly, constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I aiming at the near-cutting-hole lane evaluation unit, and constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I towards the working face by the lane side perpendicular to the cutting-hole lane;
step three: constructing a gas extraction roadway; constructing a gas extraction tunnel aiming at the middle evaluation unit of the working face, and forming the gas extraction tunnel by adopting a rectangular small-section tunneling mode from the tunnel of the recovery tunnel to the inside of the working face while tunneling the tunnels of the recovery tunnels at two sides of the working face, wherein the axis of the gas extraction tunnel is vertical to the axis of the tunnel of the recovery tunnel, the gas extraction tunnel tunnels along the coal seam bottom plate, and the head of the gas extraction tunnel is positioned in the middle of the long edge of the middle evaluation unit of the working face;
step four: constructing a bedding gas extraction borehole II; constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole II on the head end face of the gas extraction roadway, wherein the bedding gas extraction drill hole II is arranged in a fan shape and is drilled along the coal bed;
step five: connecting pipelines; connecting the bedding gas extraction drill hole I and the bedding gas extraction drill hole II with a gas extraction pipeline, extracting coal seam gas in each evaluation unit in a working face under the action of negative pressure, wherein the negative pressure in the gas extraction pipeline is not less than 13KPa, and the gas extraction pipeline is connected with a ground gas extraction system through a gas extraction roadway, a roadway of a stope roadway and a roadway of a mining area;
step six: constructing a gas investigation drill hole; and constructing a gas investigation drill hole in each evaluation unit of the working surface to investigate whether the gas pressure and the residual gas content in each evaluation unit reach the standard or not.
Further, in the first step, the width of the working face is L, the length of the evaluation unit close to the stoping lane and the length of the evaluation unit close to the middle of the working face are 150-200 m, the width of the evaluation unit close to the stoping lane and the length of the evaluation unit close to the cutting lane are L/3, and the width of the evaluation unit close to the cutting lane is 100 m.
Further, in the second step, the hole sealing length of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I in the adjacent stoping lane evaluation unit is 10-15 m, the open holes of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I are positioned in the middle of the coal seam and are arranged in a single row, the hole spacing is 5-10 m, the length of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I in the adjacent stoping lane evaluation unit is L/3, and the diameter of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I is 90-135 mm; the hole sealing length of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I in the near-to-hole-cutting roadway evaluation unit is 10m, the open holes are located in the middle of the coal seam and are arranged in a single row, the hole spacing is 3-5 m, the length of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I in the near-to-hole-cutting roadway evaluation unit is 100m, and the diameter of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I is 90-135 mm.
Further, in the third step, the gas extraction roadway is arranged in a stepping mode, the section of the gas extraction roadway is rectangular, the width of the rectangle is 3.5m, the height of the rectangle is 2m, and the length of the gas extraction roadway is L/3.
Further, in the fourth step, the bedding gas extraction drill holes II are arranged in a fan shape, the bedding gas extraction drill holes II are drilled along the coal seam, the hole sealing length is 10-15 m, the holes are arranged in a three-flower-hole arrangement mode, the row distance between the hole opening points is 0.5-1 m, the linear distance of the final hole point is 5-10 m, the length of the bedding gas extraction drill holes II is based on the coverage evaluation unit, and the diameter of the bedding gas extraction drill holes II is 90-135 mm.
Further, in the sixth step, the gas investigation drill hole is drilled in parallel with the coal seam, the hole sealing length of the gas investigation drill hole is 10-15 m, the hole opening position of the gas investigation drill hole is located in the middle of the hole opening connecting line of the first two adjacent bedding gas extraction drill holes or in the middle of the hole opening connecting line of the second two adjacent bedding gas extraction drill holes, the final hole position of the gas investigation drill hole is located in the middle of the final hole connecting line of the first two adjacent bedding gas extraction drill holes or in the middle of the final hole connecting line of the second two adjacent bedding gas extraction drill holes, and the diameter of the gas investigation drill hole is 90-135 mm.
Further, in the sixth step, when the gas pressure is considered to be less than 0.74MPa, and the residual gas content is less than 8m3And when the time is/t, the extraction reaches the standard, the coal bed in the evaluation unit can be safely exploited, otherwise, the extraction does not reach the standard, the coal bed in the evaluation unit cannot be exploited, and the extraction time needs to be prolonged until the extraction reaches the standard.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a low-permeability thin coal seam working face gas extraction method, which comprises the steps of dividing a working face into an adjacent stoping lane evaluation unit, an adjacent cutting lane evaluation unit and a working face middle evaluation unit, adopting different methods for arranging along-seam gas extraction drill holes aiming at different evaluation units, finally connecting an along-seam gas extraction drill hole with a gas extraction pipeline, extracting gas in the coal seam in each evaluation unit in the working face under the action of negative pressure, constructing a gas investigation drill hole for each evaluation unit, checking the gas extraction effect, particularly arranging a construction gas extraction tunnel and a construction along-seam gas extraction drill hole for the working face middle evaluation unit, further ensuring the gas extraction effect in the working face middle evaluation unit, better solving the problem that the gas extraction drill hole is easy to deviate from a top plate or a bottom plate and further causes the gas extraction to not reach the standard due to the thin coal seam, poor air permeability and large length of the working face, the effective utilization rate of the gas extraction drill hole and the gas extraction standard-reaching rate of the coal seam in the middle of the working face are improved, and the safe extraction of the working face is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a gas extraction evaluation unit of a low-permeability thin coal seam working face;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of arrangement of gas extraction boreholes in a working face evaluation unit;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of arrangement of gas extraction drill holes in a gas extraction roadway;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a head-on end face of a gas extraction roadway (section A-A in FIG. 3);
in the figure: 1. a working surface; 2. a stoping lane; 3. drilling a first bedding gas extraction hole; 4. cutting an eye lane; 5. gas extraction roadways; 6. a bedding gas extraction drill hole II; 7. and (5) gas inspection drilling.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a low-permeability thin coal seam working face gas extraction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dividing regions; as shown in fig. 1, the upper side and the lower side of a working face 1 are mining roadways 2, the right side of the working face 1 is a cutting roadway 4, and the working face 1 is divided into an adjacent mining roadway evaluation unit (C, D, F, G, I, J), an adjacent cutting roadway evaluation unit (a) and a working face middle evaluation unit (B, E, H) for performing gas extraction evaluation on different regions separately;
step two: constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I3; firstly, constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I3 aiming at an evaluation unit close to a stoping lane, and constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I3 towards the inside of a working face 1 by a lane wall perpendicular to the stoping lane 2; secondly, constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I3 aiming at an evaluation unit close to the cut-out roadway, and constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I3 towards the inside of the working face 1 by a roadway wall perpendicular to the cut-out roadway 4;
step three: constructing a gas extraction roadway 5; the method comprises the steps that a gas extraction roadway 5 is constructed for a middle evaluation unit of a working face, when the roadways of the stoping roadways 2 on two sides of the working face 1 are tunneled, the roadway of the stoping roadway 2 is tunneled into the working face 1 in a rectangular small-section tunneling mode to form the gas extraction roadway 5, the axis of the gas extraction roadway 5 is perpendicular to the axis of the roadway of the stoping roadway 2, the gas extraction roadway 5 is tunneled along a coal seam bottom plate, and the head of the gas extraction roadway is located in the middle of the long edge of the middle evaluation unit of the working face;
step four: constructing a bedding gas extraction borehole II 6; constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole II 6 on the head end face of the gas extraction roadway 5, wherein the bedding gas extraction drill hole II 6 is arranged in a fan shape and drills along the coal bed;
step five: connecting pipelines; connecting the bedding gas extraction drill hole I3 and the bedding gas extraction drill hole II 6 with a gas extraction pipeline, extracting coal seam gas in each evaluation unit in the working face 1 under the action of negative pressure, wherein the negative pressure in the gas extraction pipeline is not less than 13KPa, and the gas extraction pipeline is connected with a ground gas extraction system through a gas extraction roadway 5, a roadway of a stoping roadway 2 and a roadway of a mining area;
step six: constructing a gas investigation borehole 7; a gas investigation borehole 7 is formed in each evaluation unit of the working surface 1 in order to investigate whether the gas pressure and the residual gas content in each evaluation unit are up to standard.
Specifically, in the first step, the width of the working face 1 is L, the lengths of the adjacent mining lane evaluation unit and the working face middle evaluation unit are both 200m, the widths of the adjacent mining lane evaluation unit and the working face middle evaluation unit are both L/3, the lengths of the adjacent cutting lane evaluation units are both L, and the widths of the adjacent cutting lane evaluation units are 100 m.
Specifically, in the second step, the hole sealing length of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I3 in the near-stoping roadway evaluation unit is 15m, the open holes of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I are positioned in the middle of the coal seam and are arranged in a single row, the hole spacing is 10m, the length of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I3 in the near-stoping roadway evaluation unit is L/3, and the diameter of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I3 is 135 mm; the hole sealing length of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I3 in the near-to-cut-hole lane evaluation unit is 10m, the open holes are located in the middle of the coal seam and are arranged in a single row, the hole spacing is 5m, the length of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I3 in the near-to-cut-hole lane evaluation unit is 100m, and the diameter of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I3 is 135 mm.
Specifically, in the third step, the gas extraction tunnels 5 are arranged in a stepping mode, the section of each gas extraction tunnel 5 is rectangular, the width of each rectangle is 3.5m, the height of each rectangle is 2m, the length of each gas extraction tunnel 5 is L/3, and the distance between the axes of every two adjacent gas extraction tunnels 5 is 400 m.
Specifically, in the fourth step, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the bedding gas extraction borehole two 6 is arranged in a fan shape, the hole sealing length is 15m, as shown in fig. 4, the holes are arranged in a three-hole arrangement mode, the row spacing between the hole sealing points is 0.5m, the linear distance between the final hole sealing points is 10m, the length of the bedding gas extraction borehole two 6 is based on the coverage evaluation unit, and the diameter of the bedding gas extraction borehole two 6 is 135 mm.
Specifically, in the sixth step, the gas investigation borehole 7 is drilled in parallel with the coal seam, the hole sealing length of the gas investigation borehole 7 is 10-15 m, the hole opening position of the gas investigation borehole is located in the middle of the hole opening connecting line of the two adjacent bedding gas extraction boreholes one 3 or in the middle of the hole opening connecting line of the two adjacent bedding gas extraction boreholes two 6, the final hole position of the gas investigation borehole 7 is located in the middle of the final hole connecting line of the two adjacent bedding gas extraction boreholes one 3 or in the middle of the final hole connecting line of the two adjacent bedding gas extraction boreholes two 6, and the diameter of the gas investigation borehole 7 is 90-135 mm.
Specifically, when the gas pressure is considered to be less than 0.74MPa, the residual gas content is less than 8m3And when the time is/t, the extraction reaches the standard, the coal bed in the evaluation unit can be safely exploited, otherwise, the extraction does not reach the standard, the coal bed in the evaluation unit cannot be exploited, and the extraction time needs to be prolonged until the extraction reaches the standard.
The invention provides a low-permeability thin coal seam working face gas extraction method, which comprises the steps of dividing a working face into an adjacent stoping lane evaluation unit, an adjacent cutting lane evaluation unit and a working face middle evaluation unit, adopting different methods for arranging along-seam gas extraction drill holes aiming at different evaluation units, finally connecting an along-seam gas extraction drill hole with a gas extraction pipeline, extracting gas in the coal seam in each evaluation unit in the working face under the action of negative pressure, constructing a gas investigation drill hole for each evaluation unit, checking the gas extraction effect, particularly arranging a construction gas extraction tunnel and a construction along-seam gas extraction drill hole for the working face middle evaluation unit, further ensuring the gas extraction effect in the working face middle evaluation unit, better solving the problem that the gas extraction drill hole is easy to deviate from a top plate or a bottom plate and further causes the gas extraction to not reach the standard due to the thin coal seam, poor air permeability and large length of the working face, the effective utilization rate of the gas extraction drill hole and the gas extraction standard-reaching rate of the coal seam in the middle of the working face are improved, and the safe extraction of the working face is ensured.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A low-permeability thin coal seam working face gas extraction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: dividing regions; the upper side and the lower side of the working face (1) are mining roadways (2), the right side of the working face (1) is a cutting roadway (4), and the working face (1) is divided into a near mining roadway evaluation unit, a near cutting roadway evaluation unit and a working face middle evaluation unit for performing gas extraction evaluation on different areas in a separated mode;
the width of the working face (1) is L, the length of the evaluation unit close to the stoping lane and the length of the evaluation unit close to the middle of the working face are both 150-200 m, the width of the evaluation unit close to the stoping lane and the width of the evaluation unit close to the cutting lane are both 100m, and the width of the evaluation unit close to the cutting lane is L;
step two: constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I; firstly, constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I aiming at an evaluation unit close to a stoping roadway (2), and constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole I towards the inside of a working face (1) by a roadway side perpendicular to the stoping roadway (2); secondly, constructing a first bedding gas extraction drill hole aiming at an evaluation unit close to the hole cutting lane (4), and constructing a first bedding gas extraction drill hole in a working face (1) by a lane wall perpendicular to the hole cutting lane (4);
step three: constructing a gas extraction roadway (5); the method comprises the steps that a gas extraction roadway (5) is constructed for a middle evaluation unit of a working face, the roadway of the recovery roadway (2) on two sides of the working face (1) is tunneled into the working face (1) to form the gas extraction roadway (5) in a rectangular small-section tunneling mode, the axis of the gas extraction roadway (5) is perpendicular to the axis of the roadway of the recovery roadway (2), the gas extraction roadway (5) is tunneled along a coal seam bottom plate, and the head of the gas extraction roadway is located in the middle of the long edge of the middle evaluation unit of the working face;
step four: constructing a bedding gas extraction borehole II (6); constructing a bedding gas extraction drill hole II (6) on the head end face of the gas extraction roadway (5), wherein the bedding gas extraction drill hole II (6) is arranged in a fan shape and drills along the coal bed;
step five: connecting pipelines; connecting the bedding gas extraction drill hole I and the bedding gas extraction drill hole II (6) with a gas extraction pipeline, extracting coal seam gas in each evaluation unit in the working face (1) under the action of negative pressure, wherein the negative pressure in the gas extraction pipeline is not less than 13KPa, and the gas extraction pipeline is connected with a ground gas extraction system through a gas extraction roadway (5), a roadway of a stoping roadway (2) and a roadway of a mining area;
step six: constructing a gas investigation borehole (7); constructing a gas investigation borehole (7) in each evaluation unit of the working surface (1) to investigate whether the gas pressure and the residual gas content in each evaluation unit reach the standard or not;
in the third step, the gas extraction roadway (5) is arranged in a stepping mode, the section of the gas extraction roadway (5) is rectangular, the width of the rectangle is 3.5m, the height of the rectangle is 2m, and the length of the gas extraction roadway (5) is L/3;
in the fourth step, the bedding gas extraction drill holes II (6) are arranged in a fan shape, the bedding gas extraction drill holes II are drilled along the coal seam, the hole sealing length is 10-15 m, the holes are arranged in a three-flower-hole arrangement mode, the row distance between the hole opening points is 0.5-1 m, the linear distance of the final hole point is 5-10 m, the length of the bedding gas extraction drill holes II (6) is based on the coverage evaluation unit, and the diameter of the bedding gas extraction drill holes II (6) is 90-135 mm;
and sixthly, the gas investigation drill hole (7) is drilled in parallel with the coal bed, the hole sealing length of the gas investigation drill hole (7) is 10-15 m, the hole opening position of the gas investigation drill hole is located in the middle of the hole opening connecting line of the first two adjacent bedding gas extraction drill holes or in the middle of the hole opening connecting line of the second two adjacent bedding gas extraction drill holes (6), the final hole position of the gas investigation drill hole (7) is located in the middle of the final hole connecting line of the first two adjacent bedding gas extraction drill holes or in the middle of the final hole connecting line of the second two adjacent bedding gas extraction drill holes (6), and the diameter of the gas investigation drill hole (7) is 90-135 mm.
2. The method for extracting the gas from the working face of the low-permeability thin coal seam according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the hole sealing length of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I in the evaluation unit close to the stoping lane (2) is 10-15 m, the open holes are located in the middle of the coal seam and are arranged in a single row, the hole spacing is 5-10 m, the length of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I in the evaluation unit close to the stoping lane is L/3, and the diameter of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I is 90-135 mm; the hole sealing length of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I in the near-to-hole-cutting roadway evaluation unit is 10m, the open holes are located in the middle of the coal seam and are arranged in a single row, the hole spacing is 3-5 m, the length of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I in the near-to-hole-cutting roadway evaluation unit is 100m, and the diameter of the bedding gas extraction drill hole I is 90-135 mm.
3. The method for extracting the gas from the working face of the low-permeability thin coal seam according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, when the pressure of the detected gas is less than 0.74MPa and the content of the residual gas is less than 8m3/t, the extraction is up to the standard, the coal seam in the evaluation unit can be safely extracted, otherwise, the extraction is not up to the standard, the coal seam in the evaluation unit cannot be extracted, and the extraction time needs to be prolonged until the extraction is up to the standard.
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