CN109944215A - A kind of Reinforcement of Earth Rockfill Dam engineering disappears unrestrained protective slope structure - Google Patents
A kind of Reinforcement of Earth Rockfill Dam engineering disappears unrestrained protective slope structure Download PDFInfo
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- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Disappear unrestrained protective slope structure the invention discloses a kind of Reinforcement of Earth Rockfill Dam engineering, former upstream slope-protection (2) are provided on dam body (1), when dam body (1) owes height less than 0.5 meter, the former upstream slope-protection (2) closes on former dam crest road surface (4) side and is provided with newly-built step slope protection (6), sand-gravel cushion (8) are provided between the newly-built step slope protection (6) and the dam body (1), the side of the former dam crest road surface (4) is provided with former bulwark (3), the former bulwark (3) is between the newly-built step slope protection (6) and the former dam crest road surface (4), the newly-built step slope protection (6) is located above normal pool level.It is unobvious that it overcomes wave absorbing effect in the prior art, has without removing existing dam slope, low cost, the secure advantage of construction quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reinforcement of earth rockfill dam engineerings, are more specifically that a kind of Reinforcement of Earth Rockfill Dam engineering disappears unrestrained slope protection
Structure.
Background technique
After founding of New, China has built a large amount of earth and rockfill dam, past when checking by current specifications requirement dam
Toward there are dams to owe Gao Wenti.
The Scheme of Strengthening for owing high problem for earth and rockfill dam mainly has: 1. dam heightening, mainly increases dam crest and dam
Slope carries out training slope, trains slope constructional difficulties, carries out training slope again on existing dam slope surface layer, and new slopes of training are difficult to be compacted, and stability is difficult to
Guarantee；2. it is newly-built or increase bulwark, increase in this way limited, such as increases excessive, by block vision, influence landscape；
3. increasing medicining wave structure, increase slope surface roughness to reduce wave run-up, to reduce crest elevation, medicining wave structure can not only disappear
Subtract climbing for wave, reduces crest elevation, and impact of the wave to dam body can be mitigated, be conducive to the safety of major project.Cause
This, increasing medicining wave structure can solve the deficient Gao Wenti of earth and rockfill dam dam body, have good economy and applicability.
At present earth and rockfill dam slope protection disappear wave mainly take such as under type: 1. such as cast-in-place concrete of traditional slope protection form, grout
Stone, dry stone pitching, construction is relatively convenient, but wave absorbing effect is unobvious；The wave 2. slope foot block stone disappears, this method construction is simple, economy,
But wave absorbing effect is undesirable, and fill block stone throwing is easy to be taken away by wave cut, and will affect the stabilization of dam slope；3. concrete prefabricated
Block disappears wave, and the method for wave that disappears has been developed that all kinds of profiled blocks, such as accropode blocks, twist-shaped block body, the method disappear at present
Unrestrained effect is preferable, but this method production laying process requirement is relatively high, and cost is higher；The wave 4. platform disappears, this method disappear wave effect
Fruit is good, and can effectively cut down wave run-up reduces crest elevation, but the unrestrained platform that disappears is arranged in upstream dam slope, will increase the cubic metre of earth and stone and fills out
The amount of building, cost are higher；The wave 5. bulwark disappears.This method can prevent or reduce wave and more push up, and especially ogee bulwark has
Preferable wave absorbing effect, but the wave impact force that bulwark is subject to is bigger, is unfavorable for the stabilization of bulwark；6. dam slope face adds
Rough, this method occurs wave broken, reduces wave run-up, wave absorbing effect is relatively good by increasing slope surface roughness.
Above common several unrestrained modes that disappear, comprehensively consider, dam from consolidation effect, project cost, convenient construction etc.
It is to solve the problems, such as that earth and rockfill dam owes high optimum way that slope surface, which adds rough,.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned background technology, and proposes a kind of Reinforcement of Earth Rockfill Dam engineering and disappear
Unrestrained protective slope structure.
The purpose of the present invention is by following technical solution to implement: a kind of Reinforcement of Earth Rockfill Dam engineering disappears unrestrained slope protection knot
Structure is provided with former upstream slope-protection on dam body,
When the deficient height of dam body is less than 0.5 meter, it includes dam body, former upstream slope-protection, former bulwark, former dam crest road surface, creates
Dam crest road surface, newly-built step slope protection, newly-built bulwark and sand-gravel cushion；
The former upstream slope-protection closes on former dam crest road surface side and is provided with newly-built step slope protection, the newly-built step
Sand-gravel cushion is provided between formula slope protection and the dam body, the side on the former dam crest road surface is provided with former bulwark,
The former bulwark is between the newly-built step slope protection and the former dam crest road surface, the newly-built step
Slope protection is located above normal pool level.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions: when dam body owe it is tall and big in 0.5 meter when, remove the former bulwark, and described
Newly-built bulwark is provided on the position of former bulwark,
The newly-built bulwark is between the newly-built step slope protection and the former dam crest road surface.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions: the newly-built dam crest road surface is consistent with the former dam crest road surface position.
The present invention has the advantage that 1., compare and increase dam scheme with conventional side slope, step slope protection plan is without tearing open
Except existing dam slope, low cost, construction quality is secure.It is limited and is helped slope size limited by reservoir level when slope is helped in upstream, need to be put
Empty reservoir removes the laggard trade association slope of upstream slope-protection, therefore general using on downstream side slope.And project amount is big when slope is helped in downstream,
And since earth material paving fills out narrower width, it is unfavorable for cal rolling, there is also the combination problem of the old and new's soil, construction quality is difficult to protect
Card.Step slope protection plan is without removing existing slope protection, and low cost, construction method is simple, and concrete pouring construction quality has guarantor
Barrier.
2., compared to traditional bank pattern such as concrete revetment, stone masonry slope protection, dry stone pitching etc., step slope protection
Wave absorbing effect is good.
3., compared to fill block stone throwing slope protection, step protective slope structure is stablized, and strong applicability can be only in fluctuation of water table area
It adds.
4., compared to abnormity concrete prefabricated section medicining wave structure, step protective slope structure is simple and beautiful, easy for construction, makes
Valence is low.Need to be first prefabricated when relative to the construction of the abnormity concretes precast body medicining wave structure such as accropode blocks, twist-shaped block body, then into
Row transport and lifting, about 800~900 yuan/m of cost3, the step unrestrained slope protection that disappears directlys adopt cast-in-place concrete, construction technology letter
It is single, cost about 600-700 member/m3, whole relatively relatively inexpensive.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that step slope protection is created in the present invention.
In figure: dam body 1, former upstream slope-protection 2, former bulwark 3, former dam crest road surface 4, newly-built dam crest road surface 5, newly-built step
Slope protection 6, newly-built bulwark 7, sand-gravel cushion 8.
Specific embodiment
The performance that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they and do not constitute a limitation of the invention, only
It is for example, while by illustrating that advantages of the present invention will become clearer and be readily appreciated that.
As described in the background art: dam slope face adds there are two types of rough common modes, i.e., upwards-raised adds rough and up concave type to add rough, on
Male add it is rough build rectangular slab of stone slope protection as inserted, upwards-raised, which adds, rough disappears power stone or baffle pier using upwards-raised to be crushed wave, consumption wave
Energy reduces wave run-up；Up concave type adds rough such as barrier board slope protection, and barrier board is rough since the up concave type of itself adds, and there is
A large amount of cavity increases the roughness of slope surface, the wave energy that partially swashes can be consumed, to play wave absorbing effect.And fence
The cavity of plate can make by wave generate whirlpool, broken and hit, finally make the secondary consumption of Wave energy.
The characteristics of step medicining wave structure adds rough medicining wave structure with upwards-raised and up concave type because of it, wave absorbing effect is good,
Structural stability is good, low cost, and construction is simple, is convenient for mechanized construction, is a kind of efficient and reasonable medicining wave structure, has very
Big future in engineering applications.
Referring to Fig.1 shown in -2: a kind of Reinforcement of Earth Rockfill Dam engineering disappears unrestrained protective slope structure, and former upstream slope-protection is provided on dam body 1
2, when dam body 1 owes height less than 0.5 meter, it includes dam body 1, former upstream slope-protection 2, former bulwark 3, former dam crest road surface 4, newly-built dam
Push up road surface 5, newly-built step slope protection 6, newly-built bulwark 7 and sand-gravel cushion 8；
The former upstream slope-protection 2 closes on former 4 side of dam crest road surface and is provided with newly-built step slope protection 6, and described is newly-built
Sand-gravel cushion 8 is provided between step slope protection 6 and the dam body 1, the effect of sand-gravel cushion is for concrete step
Formula slope protection provides smooth, stable basis.
The side on the former dam crest road surface 4 is provided with former bulwark 3, and the former bulwark 3 is located at described create
Between step slope protection 6 and the former dam crest road surface 4, the newly-built step slope protection 6 is located above normal pool level.
When dam body 1 owes height less than 0.5 meter, newly-built bulwark 7, the position of the newly-built bulwark 7 also can be set
On the position for removing the former bulwark 3, naturally it is also possible to do not remove the former bulwark 3, i.e., described in setting
Newly-built bulwark 7 is located at 3 front of former bulwark, the position between certainly newly-built bulwark 7 and the former bulwark 3
Relationship is not known yet, and is determined with specific reference to the project situation at scene.
When dam body 1 owe it is tall and big in 0.5 meter when, remove the former bulwark 3, and in the position of the former bulwark 3
On be provided with newly-built bulwark 7,
The newly-built bulwark 7 is between the newly-built step slope protection 6 and the former dam crest road surface 4.
The newly-built dam crest road surface 5 is located at 4 top of former dam crest road surface.Road surface is not damaged under normal circumstances
In the case of, the elevation on newly-built dam crest road surface 5 and the elevation on the former dam crest road surface 4 are consistent and do not need maintenance either
Again it paves the way.
A kind of Reinforcement of Earth Rockfill Dam engineering of the present invention unrestrained protective slope structure that disappears further includes following construction procedure, Specific construction step
It is as follows:
1., former bulwark 3 and former dam crest road surface 4 remove (according to concrete engineering, if depending on needing to remove): former bulwark
3 and former dam crest road surface 4 remove can be used and manually hold pneumatic pick dismounting, quartering hammer can also be used, hydraulic illegally occupy or other mechanical removals.
2., sand-gravel cushion 8 be laid with: the upper surface of former upstream slope-protection 2 on dam body 1 carry out sand-gravel cushion 8 laying,
It is laid with after playing the sand-gravel cushion 8, is laid with using artificial, and the slope formed to the sand-gravel cushion 8 shakes
It moves and is densified to design requirement.
3., concrete preparation: required for being reached to construction site using commerical ready-mixed concrete or be stirred from mixed concrete
Design requirement.
4., step slope protection concrete formwork erection pours: step 2. described in sand-gravel cushion 8 on the basis of created
The artificial formwork erection of step slope protection 6, and using reinforcing bar binding sizing, it is poured in the formwork erection for being formed newly-built step slope protection 6
Build step 3. in agitated completion concrete, and vibrated using poker vibrator.
5., newly-built 6 concrete curing of step slope protection: by step 4. in completed and vibrated using vibrator
Newly-built step slope protection 6 is used using watering natural curing, and curing time is not less than 7 days until reaching design requirement.
6., newly-built bulwark 7 and newly-built dam crest road surface 5 be laid with: poured on the position for the former bulwark 3 removed new
Newly-built bulwark 7, the newly-built bulwark 7 can be located on the position of former bulwark 3, also can be set in the original
Behind bulwark 3, specific location is determined according to engineering actual state；The newly-built dam crest road surface 5 is located at the former dam
On the original position in top road surface 4 or top.In the case that road surface is not damaged under normal circumstances, the height on dam crest road surface 5 is created
The elevation on journey and the former dam crest road surface 4, which is consistent, not to be needed maintenance or paves the way again.
The main points that this patent proposes are as follows: owe high problem for earth and rockfill dam, the reinforcement measure taken are as follows: dam upstream is normal
More than water storage level use step slope protection.
Its reinforcement principle are as follows: disappeared unrestrained performance using step slope protection, reduce roughness and permeability coefficient KΔ, to reduce meter
It calculates wave run-up and dam crest calculates elevation.According to numerical experiments as a result, step slope protection roughness and permeability coefficient KΔ=
0.50-0.55, compared to conventional concrete slope protection (KΔ=0.9) and pitched work (KΔ=0.75-0.8), roughness and permeability
Coefficient reduces 27%-44%, and calculating wave run-up under equal conditions reduces 27%-44%, to reduce dam crest calculating
Elevation.According to engineering experience, it is however generally that, for owing the dam of high few (< 0.5m), after adding step slope protection, existing dam
Crest level is able to satisfy code requirement.For owing the dam of high more (> 0.5m), step slope protection combination dam crest can also be passed through
Bulwark increases modification scheme, and crest elevation is made to meet code requirement.
To more fully understand the present invention convenient for technical staff, below with reference to the example content that the present invention is furture elucidated.
Zhanghe Reservoir is located in Jingmen, Yichang City and Xiangfan City's intersection, is one based on irrigating, control flood, has city concurrently
Big (1) the type reservoir of the comprehensive utilizations such as city's water supply, power generation, shipping, tourism, reservoir engineering grade are I etc., key construction rank
It is 1 grade, secondary structure rank is 3 grades.
Cock point dam be a variety of earth material combined dams of Clay Microstructure, dam crest long 1950m, wide 9m, crest elevation 126.8m, most
Big height of dam 58.3m, concrete wave screen crest level are 127.7m.Dam up stream slope is than being respectively 1:2.5,1:3.0,1:3.5,1:
4.0, it is placed rockfill slope protection；Downstream slope is grassed slope than 1:2.25,1:2.75,1:3.25,1:2.0 respectively.Downstream slope surface
If gutter, base of dam sets enrockment drainage prism.According to Dam Safety Assessment report, cock point dam top owes high 0.49m.
The Zhanghe Reservoir reinforcement concept phase owes Gao Wenti for cock point dam, upstream step is taken to protect
Scheme is increased in the slope wave+wave wall reconstruction that disappears, specifically: former placed rockfill slope protection surface is laid with more than normal pool level
15cm thickness sand-gravel cushion, casting concrete step slope protection, step width b=0.5m, step height h=0.2m.According to object
Manage model test and numerical simulation result, step slope protection roughness and permeability coefficient KΔTake 0.55.
According to " rolling earth-rock dam design specification " (SL274-2001), as gradient coefficient m=1.5-5.0, wave is climbed
High calculation formula are as follows:
In formula: Rm--- mean wave is climbed, m；
M --- the gradient coefficient on single slope；
Kp--- cumulative frequency conversion coefficient of climbing, 1 grade of hydraulic structure cumulative frequency take 1%；
KΔ--- roughness and permeability coefficient, former placed rockfill slope protection take 0.75, and step slope protection takes 0.55；
KW--- empirical coefficient.
Wave run-up is 1.70 when former dry stone pitching calculates design flood level, and dam crest owes high 0.49m, is protected using step
After the Scheme of Strengthening of slope, calculate wave run-up is 1.24m, crest elevation substantially meets code requirement.In addition, being transformed in conjunction with dam crest
When bulwark increase 20cm, crest elevation meets code requirement.
Step slope protection plan and scheme quantity is increased on conventional dam crest side slope and cost is shown in Table 1, as seen from table, platform
Stepwise slope protection plan has saved 322.73 ten thousand yuan of construction investment, remarkable in economical benefits compared with scheme is increased on conventional dam crest side slope.
Compare with special-shaped slope protection medicining wave structure, step protective slope structure is simple, easy for construction, special machine equipment is not necessarily to, without removing
Existing slope protection, with existing well adapting to property of dam slope structure.In addition, step slope protection can be combined with dam crest transformation, make
Hydrophilic ecoscape platform.
Formula investing comparison sheet is increased on 1 step slope protection plan of table and side slope
Claims (3)
- The unrestrained protective slope structure 1. a kind of Reinforcement of Earth Rockfill Dam engineering disappears, is provided with former upstream slope-protection (2) on dam body (1), it is characterised in that: When dam body (1) owes height less than 0.5 meter, it includes dam body (1), former upstream slope-protection (2), former bulwark (3), former dam crest road surface (4), dam crest road surface (5), newly-built step slope protection (6), newly-built bulwark (7) and sand-gravel cushion (8) are created；The former upstream slope-protection (2) closes on former dam crest road surface (4) upstream side and is provided with newly-built step slope protection (6), described It is provided with sand-gravel cushion (8) between newly-built step slope protection (6) and the dam body (1), the former dam crest road surface (4) Upstream side is provided with former bulwark (3), and the former bulwark (3) is located at the newly-built step slope protection (6) and described Between former dam crest road surface (4), the newly-built step slope protection (6) is located above normal pool level.
- The unrestrained protective slope structure 2. a kind of Reinforcement of Earth Rockfill Dam engineering according to claim 1 disappears, it is characterised in that: when dam body (1) It owes tall and big when 0.5 meter, removes the former bulwark (3), and be provided on the position of the former bulwark (3) newly-built Bulwark (7),The newly-built bulwark (7) is between the newly-built step slope protection (6) and the former dam crest road surface (4).
- The unrestrained protective slope structure 3. a kind of Reinforcement of Earth Rockfill Dam engineering according to claim 2 disappears, it is characterised in that: described is newly-built Dam crest road surface (5) is consistent with former dam crest road surface (4) position.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110541399A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-06 | 宁夏水利水电勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Dam body for reservoir dam adding |
| CN113737747A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-03 | 内蒙古引绰济辽供水有限责任公司 | Reservoir earth and rockfill dam upper reaches bank protection structure of breaking wave |
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| CN113737747A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-03 | 内蒙古引绰济辽供水有限责任公司 | Reservoir earth and rockfill dam upper reaches bank protection structure of breaking wave |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109944215B (en) | 2024-01-05 |
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