CN109940054B - Method for manufacturing carbon steel wire with diameter of 0.05mm - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing carbon steel wire with diameter of 0.05mm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for manufacturing a carbon steel wire with the diameter of 0.05mm comprises the following steps: raw material selection → first semi-finished steel wire cold drawing → first semi-finished steel wire continuous heat treatment → second semi-finished steel wire cold drawing → second semi-finished steel wire continuous heat treatment → third semi-finished steel wire cold drawing → third semi-finished steel wire continuous heat treatment → finished steel wire drawing → finished steel wire inspection. The invention eliminates stress recovery plasticity through drawing combination mode and three-time heat treatment, optimizes heat treatment parameters and a specific drawing route, is suitable for metal deformation under high compression ratio, can effectively ensure that the drawing process is smoothly carried out, the diameter of the steel wire can be smoothly reduced through the plastic deformation in the whole process, simultaneously the tensile strength of the product is continuously increased, the strength reaches more than 2300 MPa, the requirements of the appearance, the surface quality, the mechanical property and the toughness of the steel wire product are met, and simultaneously the requirements of batch production and the product quality are also met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a carbon steel wire with an ultra-fine diameter of 0.05mm, belonging to the technical field of metal product pressure processing.
Background
The superfine steel wire is widely applied to medical treatment, aviation, spinning, artware, various high-grade transmission equipment, precision instruments, twisting steel wire ropes with extra-fine diameters and the like. The product has extremely high requirements on the diameter, tolerance, tensile strength, torsion and stability of production and processing equipment of the steel wire, the manufacturing process technology of the steel wire with the diameter of less than 0.10mm is immature, the die penetration is particularly difficult when the steel wire with the diameter of less than 0.10mm is drawn, the operation rate is low, the requirements on the lubricating concentration, the temperature and the die matching of the superfine-diameter steel wire are particularly strict in order to reduce the times of drawing off and die penetration and improve the production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the manufacturing process of the steel wire with the diameter of less than 0.10mm in the prior art is immature and can not meet the actual requirement.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for manufacturing a carbon steel wire with the diameter of 0.05mm comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting raw materials:
the diameter of the selected wire rod is 6.5mm, and the steel grade is 45#The steel, the content of each C, Si, Mn, P, S and other Cr, Ni and Cu element of the steel grade meets the requirements of the national standard GB/T699 high-quality carbon structural steel;
(2) cold drawing of the first semi-finished steel wire:
the first semi-finished steel wire is subjected to dry cold drawing;
the drawing process comprises the following steps: 6.5mm → 2.75mm, the diameter of the first semi-finished product is 2.75mm, the deviation is +/-0.02 mm, the total compression ratio is 82.1 percent, and the drawing is carried out for 8 times;
the drawing route is as follows: 5.60 → 5.05 → 4.50 → 4.06 → 3.63 → 3.32 → 3.04 → 2.83 → 2.75;
drawing equipment is selected: LW8/560+1/600, i.e., dry drawing equipment;
(3) continuous heat treatment of the first semi-finished steel wire:
carrying out heat treatment on a first semi-finished steel wire with the diameter of 2.75mm, the deviation range of +/-0.02 mm and the carbon content of 0.45C%;
the parameters are as follows: the heating temperature is 920-950 ℃, the lead liquid quenching temperature is 530-580 ℃, the take-up speed is 15-20 m/min, the tensile strength of the first semi-finished steel wire after heat treatment is 880-1100 MPa, and solidified lead liquid punctiform objects cannot exist on the surface; the step can realize that the austenite of the steel wire is fully, uniformly and stably transformed into a uniform sorbite structure, and the sorbite structure suitable for subsequent cold drawing with high compression rate is obtained;
(4) cold drawing of the semi-finished steel wire for the second time:
the second semi-finished steel wire is subjected to water tank type cold drawing;
the drawing process comprises the following steps: 2.75mm → 0.92mm, the diameter of the second semi-finished product is 0.92mm, the deviation is +/-0.01 mm, the total compression ratio is 88.8 percent, the drawing is carried out by 17 passes, and two dry drawing die boxes are arranged;
the drawing route is as follows: 2.58 → 2.36 → 2.25 → 2.09 → 1.94 → 1.80 → 1.67 → 1.55 → 1.44 → 1.34 → 1.25 → 1.17 → 1.10 → 1.04 → 0.99 → 0.95 → 0.92;
drawing equipment is selected: LT560/450+15/350, a water-box type drawing apparatus;
(5) and (3) continuous heat treatment of the second semi-finished steel wire:
carrying out heat treatment on a second semi-finished steel wire with the diameter of 0.92mm, the deviation range of +/-0.01 mm and the carbon content of 0.45C%;
the parameters are as follows: the heating temperature is 900-950 ℃, the molten lead quenching temperature is 530-550 ℃, the take-up speed is 18-28 m/min, the tensile strength of the second semi-finished steel wire after heat treatment is 880-1100 MPa, and solidified molten lead spots cannot exist on the surface;
(6) cold drawing of the third semi-finished steel wire:
the third semi-finished steel wire is subjected to water tank type cold drawing 5;
the drawing process comprises the following steps: 0.92mm → 0.30mm, the diameter of the third semi-finished product is 0.30mm, the deviation is +/-0.01 mm, the total compression ratio is 89.4 percent, and the drawing is carried out by 13 times;
the drawing route is as follows: 0.84 → 0.77 → 0.71 → 0.65 → 0.59 → 0.54 → 0.49 → 0.45 → 0.41 → 0.38 → 0.35 → 0.32 → 0.30;
drawing equipment is selected: LT15/270+ G300, a water-tank type drawing apparatus;
(7) and (3) continuously heat treating the semi-finished steel wire for the third time:
carrying out heat treatment on a third semi-finished steel wire with the diameter of 0.30mm, the deviation range of +/-0.01 mm and the carbon content of 0.45C%;
the parameters are as follows: the heating temperature is 880-1100 ℃, the lead liquid quenching temperature is 500-550 ℃, the take-up speed is 10-11 m/min, the tensile strength of the third semi-finished steel wire after heat treatment is 900-1100 MPa, and solidified lead liquid punctiform objects cannot exist on the surface;
(8) drawing a finished steel wire:
performing water tank type cold drawing on the finished steel wire;
the drawing process comprises the following steps: 0.30mm → 0.05mm, the diameter of the finished steel wire is 0.05mm, the deviation is +/-0.005 mm, the total compression ratio is 97.2 percent, and the drawing is carried out by 24 passes;
the drawing route is as follows: 0.28 → 0.26 → 0.241 → 0.224 → 0.208 → 0.193 → 0.179 → 0.166 → 0.153 → 0.142 → 0.132 → 0.122 → 0.113 → 0.105 → 0.097 → 0.090 → 0.084 → 0.078 → 0.072 → 0.067 → 0.062 → 0.057 → 0.053 → 0.050;
drawing equipment is selected: LT24/150+ G150, a water-tank type drawing apparatus;
(9) inspection of finished steel wire
The detection basis refers to YB/T5354 steel wire for rope making and GB/T4357 cold-drawn carbon spring steel wire, and specifically comprises the following steps: the diameter of the finished product steel wire is measured to be 0.051mm, the tensile force value is 4.8N, the tensile strength is 2445 Mp, the surface of the steel wire can be seen to be smooth by naked eyes, the defects of surface scratch and the like are avoided, and the inspection result meets the requirement.
Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme's beneficial effect:
1. the implementation of the invention ensures enough drawing passes and is beneficial to the plastic deformation of each steel wire; the dry drawing can be fully lubricated, and the reel and the steel wire do not slide relatively, so that the surface crack source of the steel wire is effectively prevented from expanding; the water tank is drawn and can be provided more and draw the pass, and more are drawn the pass and form the low compression ratio of each pass, effectively prevent the further expansion of steel wire surface crack that relative slip caused between reel and the steel wire, and water tank drawing equipment takes up an area of not very, and the product naked eye visible surface of production is clean smooth.
2. The invention eliminates stress recovery plasticity through drawing combination mode, three-time heat treatment, optimizes heat treatment parameters and a specific drawing route, is suitable for metal deformation under high compression ratio, can effectively ensure that the drawing process is smoothly carried out, the diameter of the steel wire can be smoothly reduced through the plastic deformation in the whole process until the steel wire reaches the ultra-fine diameter of 0.05mm, simultaneously the tensile strength of the product is continuously increased, the strength reaches more than 2300 MPa, the requirements of the appearance, the surface quality, the mechanical property and the toughness of the steel wire product are met, and simultaneously the requirements of batch production and the product quality are met.
Detailed Description
A method for manufacturing a carbon steel wire with the diameter of 0.05mm comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting raw materials:
the diameter of the selected wire rod is 6.5mm, and the steel grade is 45#The steel, the content of each C, Si, Mn, P, S and other Cr, Ni and Cu element of the steel grade meets the requirements of the national standard GB/T699 high-quality carbon structural steel;
(2) cold drawing of the first semi-finished steel wire:
the first semi-finished steel wire is subjected to dry cold drawing;
the drawing process comprises the following steps: 6.5mm → 2.75mm, the diameter of the first semi-finished product is 2.75mm, the deviation is +/-0.02 mm, the total compression ratio is 82.1 percent, and the drawing is carried out for 8 times;
the drawing route is as follows: 5.60 → 5.05 → 4.50 → 4.06 → 3.63 → 3.32 → 3.04 → 2.83 → 2.75;
drawing equipment is selected: LW8/560+1/600, i.e., dry drawing equipment;
(3) continuous heat treatment of the first semi-finished steel wire:
carrying out heat treatment on a first semi-finished steel wire with the diameter of 2.75mm, the deviation range of +/-0.02 mm and the carbon content of 0.45C%;
the parameters are as follows: the heating temperature is 920-950 ℃, the lead liquid quenching temperature is 530-580 ℃, the take-up speed is 15-20 m/min, the tensile strength of the first semi-finished steel wire after heat treatment is 880-1100 MPa, and solidified lead liquid punctiform objects cannot exist on the surface; the step can realize that the austenite of the steel wire is fully, uniformly and stably transformed into a uniform sorbite structure, and the sorbite structure suitable for subsequent cold drawing with high compression rate is obtained;
(4) cold drawing of the semi-finished steel wire for the second time:
the second semi-finished steel wire is subjected to water tank type cold drawing;
the drawing process comprises the following steps: 2.75mm → 0.92mm, the diameter of the second semi-finished product is 0.92mm, the deviation is +/-0.01 mm, the total compression ratio is 88.8 percent, the drawing is carried out by 17 passes, and two dry drawing die boxes are arranged;
the drawing route is as follows: 2.58 → 2.36 → 2.25 → 2.09 → 1.94 → 1.80 → 1.67 → 1.55 → 1.44 → 1.34 → 1.25 → 1.17 → 1.10 → 1.04 → 0.99 → 0.95 → 0.92;
drawing equipment is selected: LT560/450+15/350, a water-box type drawing apparatus;
(5) and (3) continuous heat treatment of the second semi-finished steel wire:
carrying out heat treatment on a second semi-finished steel wire with the diameter of 0.92mm, the deviation range of +/-0.01 mm and the carbon content of 0.45C%;
the parameters are as follows: the heating temperature is 900-950 ℃, the molten lead quenching temperature is 530-550 ℃, the take-up speed is 18-28 m/min, the tensile strength of the second semi-finished steel wire after heat treatment is 880-1100 MPa, and solidified molten lead spots cannot exist on the surface;
(6) cold drawing of the third semi-finished steel wire:
the third semi-finished steel wire is subjected to water tank type cold drawing 5;
the drawing process comprises the following steps: 0.92mm → 0.30mm, the diameter of the third semi-finished product is 0.30mm, the deviation is +/-0.01 mm, the total compression ratio is 89.4 percent, and the drawing is carried out by 13 times;
the drawing route is as follows: 0.84 → 0.77 → 0.71 → 0.65 → 0.59 → 0.54 → 0.49 → 0.45 → 0.41 → 0.38 → 0.35 → 0.32 → 0.30;
drawing equipment is selected: LT15/270+ G300, a water-tank type drawing apparatus;
(7) and (3) continuously heat treating the semi-finished steel wire for the third time:
carrying out heat treatment on a third semi-finished steel wire with the diameter of 0.30mm, the deviation range of +/-0.01 mm and the carbon content of 0.45C%;
the parameters are as follows: the heating temperature is 880-1100 ℃, the lead liquid quenching temperature is 500-550 ℃, the take-up speed is 10-11 m/min, the tensile strength of the third semi-finished steel wire after heat treatment is 900-1100 MPa, and solidified lead liquid punctiform objects cannot exist on the surface;
(8) drawing a finished steel wire:
performing water tank type cold drawing on the finished steel wire;
the drawing process comprises the following steps: 0.30mm → 0.05mm, the diameter of the finished steel wire is 0.05mm, the deviation is +/-0.005 mm, the total compression ratio is 97.2 percent, and the drawing is carried out by 24 passes;
the drawing route is as follows: 0.28 → 0.26 → 0.241 → 0.224 → 0.208 → 0.193 → 0.179 → 0.166 → 0.153 → 0.142 → 0.132 → 0.122 → 0.113 → 0.105 → 0.097 → 0.090 → 0.084 → 0.078 → 0.072 → 0.067 → 0.062 → 0.057 → 0.053 → 0.050;
drawing equipment is selected: LT24/150+ G150, a water-tank type drawing apparatus;
(9) inspection of finished steel wire
The detection basis refers to YB/T5354 steel wire for rope making and GB/T4357 cold-drawn carbon spring steel wire, and specifically comprises the following steps: the diameter of the finished product steel wire is measured to be 0.051mm, the tensile force value is 4.8N, the tensile strength is 2445 Mp, the surface of the steel wire can be seen to be smooth by naked eyes, the defects of surface scratch and the like are avoided, and the inspection result meets the requirement.
The process flow of the invention is as follows: wire rod selection → first dry type cold drawing semi-finished steel wire → first continuous heat treatment of semi-finished steel wire → second water tank type cold drawing semi-finished product → second continuous heat treatment of semi-finished steel wire → third continuous heat treatment of semi-finished steel wire → water tank type cold drawing finished steel wire. The product produced by the process comprises the following steps: the nominal diameter is 0.05mm, the deviation range is +/-0.001 mm, the tensile strength reaches more than 2300 MPa, the appearance, the surface quality, the mechanical property and the toughness of the product meet the requirements, and the product can be produced in batch and the quality requirement of the product is ensured.
Claims (1)
1. A method for manufacturing a carbon steel wire with the diameter of 0.05mm is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting raw materials:
the diameter of the selected wire rod is 6.5mm, and the steel grade is 45#The contents of C, Si, Mn, P, S and other Cr, Ni and Cu elements in the steel meet the national standard GB/T699 high-quality carbon structural steelThe requirements of (1);
(2) cold drawing of the first semi-finished steel wire:
the first semi-finished steel wire is subjected to dry cold drawing;
the drawing process comprises the following steps: 6.5mm → 2.75mm, the diameter of the first semi-finished product is 2.75mm, the deviation is +/-0.02 mm, the total compression ratio is 82.1 percent, and the drawing is carried out for 8 times;
the drawing route is as follows: 5.60 → 5.05 → 4.50 → 4.06 → 3.63 → 3.32 → 3.04 → 2.83 → 2.75;
drawing equipment is selected: LW8/560+1/600, i.e., dry drawing equipment;
(3) continuous heat treatment of the first semi-finished steel wire:
carrying out heat treatment on a first semi-finished steel wire with the diameter of 2.75mm, the deviation range of +/-0.02 mm and the carbon content of 0.45C%;
the parameters are as follows: the heating temperature is 920-950 ℃, the lead liquid quenching temperature is 530-580 ℃, the take-up speed is 15-20 m/min, the tensile strength of the first semi-finished steel wire after heat treatment is 880-1100 MPa, and solidified lead liquid punctiform objects cannot exist on the surface; the step can realize that the austenite of the steel wire is fully, uniformly and stably transformed into a uniform sorbite structure, and the sorbite structure suitable for subsequent cold drawing with high compression rate is obtained;
(4) cold drawing of the semi-finished steel wire for the second time:
the second semi-finished steel wire is subjected to water tank type cold drawing;
the drawing process comprises the following steps: 2.75mm → 0.92mm, the diameter of the second semi-finished product is 0.92mm, the deviation is +/-0.01 mm, the total compression ratio is 88.8 percent, the drawing is carried out by 17 passes, and two dry drawing die boxes are arranged;
the drawing route is as follows: 2.58 → 2.36 → 2.25 → 2.09 → 1.94 → 1.80 → 1.67 → 1.55 → 1.44 → 1.34 → 1.25 → 1.17 → 1.10 → 1.04 → 0.99 → 0.95 → 0.92;
drawing equipment is selected: LT560/450+15/350, a water-box type drawing apparatus;
(5) and (3) continuous heat treatment of the second semi-finished steel wire:
carrying out heat treatment on a second semi-finished steel wire with the diameter of 0.92mm, the deviation range of +/-0.01 mm and the carbon content of 0.45C%;
the parameters are as follows: the heating temperature is 900-950 ℃, the molten lead quenching temperature is 530-550 ℃, the take-up speed is 18-28 m/min, the tensile strength of the second semi-finished steel wire after heat treatment is 880-1100 MPa, and solidified molten lead spots cannot exist on the surface;
(6) cold drawing of the third semi-finished steel wire:
the third semi-finished steel wire is subjected to water tank type cold drawing;
the drawing process comprises the following steps: 0.92mm → 0.30mm, the diameter of the third semi-finished product is 0.30mm, the deviation is +/-0.01 mm, the total compression ratio is 89.4 percent, and the drawing is carried out by 13 times;
the drawing route is as follows: 0.84 → 0.77 → 0.71 → 0.65 → 0.59 → 0.54 → 0.49 → 0.45 → 0.41 → 0.38 → 0.35 → 0.32 → 0.30;
drawing equipment is selected: LT15/270+ G300, a water-tank type drawing apparatus;
(7) and (3) continuously heat treating the semi-finished steel wire for the third time:
carrying out heat treatment on a third semi-finished steel wire with the diameter of 0.30mm, the deviation range of +/-0.01 mm and the carbon content of 0.45C%;
the parameters are as follows: the heating temperature is 880-1100 ℃, the lead liquid quenching temperature is 500-550 ℃, the take-up speed is 10-11 m/min, the tensile strength of the third semi-finished steel wire after heat treatment is 900-1100 MPa, and solidified lead liquid punctiform objects cannot exist on the surface;
(8) drawing a finished steel wire:
performing water tank type cold drawing on the finished steel wire;
the drawing process comprises the following steps: 0.30mm → 0.05mm, the diameter of the finished steel wire is 0.05mm, the deviation is +/-0.005 mm, the total compression ratio is 97.2 percent, and the drawing is carried out by 24 passes;
the drawing route is as follows: 0.28 → 0.26 → 0.241 → 0.224 → 0.208 → 0.193 → 0.179 → 0.166 → 0.153 → 0.142 → 0.132 → 0.122 → 0.113 → 0.105 → 0.097 → 0.090 → 0.084 → 0.078 → 0.072 → 0.067 → 0.062 → 0.057 → 0.053 → 0.050;
drawing equipment is selected: LT24/150+ G150, a water-tank type drawing apparatus;
(9) inspection of finished steel wire
The detection basis refers to YB/T5354 steel wire for rope making and GB/T4357 cold-drawn carbon spring steel wire, and specifically comprises the following steps: the diameter of the finished product steel wire is measured to be 0.051mm, the tensile force value is 4.8N, the tensile strength is 2445 Mp, the surface of the steel wire can be seen to be smooth by naked eyes, no surface scratch defect exists, and the inspection result meets the requirement.
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CN111530951B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-22 | 贵州水钢同鑫晟金属制品有限公司 | Steel wire drawing method |
CN112453080B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-17 | 德清林缘金属制品有限公司 | Manufacturing method of steel wire with excellent stability and stress resistance for spring |
CN112439799B (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2022-05-20 | 江苏宝钢精密钢丝有限公司 | Production method of ultra-fine and ultra-high-strength synchronous belt steel cord |
CN112958647B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-05-24 | 江阴市钧益特种钢丝科技有限公司 | Drawing process of high-elasticity high-nickel alloy special-shaped elastic card clothing steel wire |
CN113732100A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 贵州钢绳股份有限公司 | Production technology of cold-drawn round ultrahigh-strength carbon spring steel wire |
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CN103161086B (en) * | 2013-04-07 | 2015-04-15 | 江苏法尔胜技术开发中心有限公司 | Production method of minuteness steel wire rope |
CN103194582A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-07-10 | 江阴法尔胜线材制品有限公司 | Production method of superfine carbon steel wire |
CN107497868B (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-12-18 | 浙江毅美材料有限公司 | A kind of Hubbing method of steel wire |
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