CN109938193A - DHA biomass, ARA residue and corn protein powder are used for the application of white shrimp feed - Google Patents

DHA biomass, ARA residue and corn protein powder are used for the application of white shrimp feed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109938193A
CN109938193A CN201711385119.5A CN201711385119A CN109938193A CN 109938193 A CN109938193 A CN 109938193A CN 201711385119 A CN201711385119 A CN 201711385119A CN 109938193 A CN109938193 A CN 109938193A
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China
Prior art keywords
aquaculture
fish
feed
fish meal
feed according
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CN201711385119.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
B·L·R·波拉
鲁玲
汤超兰
李佳
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Roquette Freres SA
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Roquette Freres SA
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Priority to CN201711385119.5A priority Critical patent/CN109938193A/en
Priority to EP18833028.6A priority patent/EP3727018A1/en
Priority to CN201880076034.5A priority patent/CN111386047A/en
Priority to PCT/EP2018/085784 priority patent/WO2019121878A1/en
Publication of CN109938193A publication Critical patent/CN109938193A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)

Abstract

DHA biomass, ARA residue and corn protein powder are used for the application of white shrimp feed.The feed comprising fish meal, corn protein powder and docosahexaenoic acid source for aquaculture.

Description

DHA biomass, ARA residue and corn protein powder are used for the application of white shrimp feed
The present invention relates to the aquacultures and field of fodder of the fish of cultivation and Crustaceans.
The feed used in aquaculture field is traditionally fish meal as made of protein source.
Fish meal is a kind of ingredient of valuableness, for protection environment, is produced unsatisfactory.
With the appearance of sustainable development, it is therefore necessary to find the substitute of animal powder and especially fish meal.
In order to save production line in place, these substitutes allow for only partially substituting fish meal, and want It is used in combination with fish meal together as protein source.
In fact, a part as farm, had better not tempestuously change very much the feeding of fish and/or Crustaceans. In addition, it is good for avoiding fish meal production line from exhausting suddenly.
It is known to use soy meal, poultry by-product powder, wheat gluten, soy protein isolate, sorghum, canola and very Protein source to pea as the feed for aquaculture.However, these ingredients are fairly expensive, and due to they Unbalanced essential amino acid, limited amount highly unsaturated fatty acid, anti-nutritional factors and/or toxin, therefore they are reluctantly It is suitable as the partial substitute of fish meal.
It economically says, is advantageous with corn protein powder part substitution fish meal.Corn protein powder is from niblet wet-milling To prepare the byproduct of native starch.Corn protein powder usually contains the protein of 55-64%, the starch of 15-25%, 0-3% Extractable lipid and 0-3% crude fibre.In fact, corn protein powder is food industry byproduct still leaved for development, production Effect on environment very little and be by chance cheap.
However, only leading to the survival of fed fish and/or Crustaceans with corn protein powder part substitution fish meal Rate and growth rate sharply decline.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of feed based on fish meal for aquaculture, it includes fishes The cheap alternative of powder, production is environmental-friendly, and it is to the fish fed and/or the survival rate of shellfish Do not have to influence significantly.
For this purpose, providing for aquaculture includes fish meal, corn protein powder and docosahexaenoic acid source Feed.
Corn protein powder and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are used in combination with synergistic effect, allow to limit corn The negative effect for the fish of feeding and/or the survival rate of Crustaceans and growth rate is used alone in albumen powder.
It is preferably obtained by algal biomass for the docosahexaenoic acid used in feed according to the present invention. The preferred embodiment for obtaining docosahexaenoic acid is considered as the full cell powder of schizochytrium limacinum (Schizochytrium sp.), By fermentation, excessive water is then removed by centrifugation and further dry technology is obtained as being spray-dried.Obtain fragmentation One example of chytrid biomass powder is previously mentioned in CN 104968779A.Containing at least in schizochytrium limacinum biomass powder 12% DHA.
Preferably, the feed according to the present invention for aquaculture also includes the source arachidonic acid (ARA).
Arachidonic acid according to the present invention in feed preferably passes through the Mortierella alpine that addition is dry and washs The residue that the crude oil of mould biomass cells obtains after extracting.Mortierella alpina biomass cells are by fermentation and then to pass through What plate press filtration and further dry technology such as fluidized bed drying obtained.Using solvent such as hexane from dry biomass cells Middle extraction crude oil, and the oil of the high ARA of acquisition is further refined and is used for the ARA in infant formula and is strengthened.After crude oil extracts Mortierella alpina biomass residuals usually contain 1-6% ARA and 30-40% protein, and therefore it can also be with As another protein source in feed.
Mortierella alpina biomass residuals (arachidonic acid and protein source) also with corn protein powder and 22 carbon Being applied in combination for acid has synergistic effect.In fact, Mortierella alpina biomass residuals are substantially improved by according to this The fish of the feed feeding of invention and/or the survival rate and growth rate of Crustaceans.
Mortierella alpina biomass residuals are the byproducts of food industry, and therefore using it and to pay attention to it be non- It is often advantageous.
Ratio comprising Mortierella alpina biomass residuals in the present invention is preferably 0-10 weight %.
Feed according to the present invention for aquaculture preferably includes the corn protein powder of 1 weight %-15 weight %.
Feed according to the present invention for aquaculture preferably includes by weight from 1% to 5% schizochytrium limacinum Biomass.
Feed according to the present invention for aquaculture preferably includes fish meal, for example, catfish fish meal, peru fish meal and White fish meal.
Feed according to the present invention for aquaculture is preferably free of additional fish oil, such as herring oil or fish liver Oil, including cod-liver oil.
It is another object of the present invention to the feeds according to the present invention for aquaculture for feeding shrimp, be preferably chosen from The purposes of Penaeus monodon (Penaeus monodon) and the shrimp in litopenaeus vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei).
Another object of the present invention is the feed according to the present invention for aquaculture for feeding fish, is preferably selected From orange rock-fiss (Japanese seabass), golden head porgy, Senegal sole, turbot, carp, lefteye flounder and the fish of filefish use On the way.
Another object of the present invention is the combination in corn protein powder and docosahexaenoic acid source as fish meal replacement, It is preferred for the purposes of aquaculture.Advantageously, such combination can also include arachidonic acid source.
The present invention may be better understood after reading example in detail below, these examples constitute non-limit of the invention Property embodiment processed, and illustrate the property of food according to the present invention.
In order to test the property of feed according to the present invention, seven kinds of different Feed Samples are prepared for, wherein there are two types of tools There is the reference composition of the fish meal of low content and high-content.The control of low content fish meal is compensated for by addition corn protein powder Protein content.In order to prepare sample, the main component of ingredient is crushed and passes through 80 meshes (180 μm of holes), and gradually with it is micro- Measure component (such as vitamin and mineral) mixing.Using electrical meat mincer by the mixture pelleting, the drying in 80 DEG C of baking oven, Crush and pass through 40 meshes (425 μm of holes) using the feed as the growth early stage stage, and by 20 meshes (850 μm of holes) using as The feed of late stages of development.Feed Sample is maintained at 4 DEG C until using, in use, mixing them with water to obtain Dough consistency for feeding.
Other five kinds of feeds, also referred to as test specimen, including corn protein powder and different amounts of mangrove schizochytrium limacinum Source of the biomass as DHA is obtained by fermentation, is then centrifuged for removing extra water and spray drying acquisition, such as in CN It is previously mentioned in 104968779A.Mangrove schizochytrium limacinum biomass contains 12% DHA.Other compositions are by Hangzhou China city Hangzhoupro Zhou Hai emperor Science and Technology Co., Ltd. provides.As shown in table 1, two groups also include Mortierella alpina biomass residue conduct The source of ARA.Mortierella alpina biomass residuals are successively fermented, plate press filtration, fluidized bed drying and last solvent mention Take acquisition.Mortierella alpina biomass residuals after crude oil extracts contain 4% ARA and 36% protein.
Chromium oxide (0.5%) is mixed with all feeds to measure apparent digestibility coefficient.
Table 1
In table 1, one kilogram of vitamin mixtures contains vitamin A 100,000IU, vitamin D 200,000IU, vinegar Sour tocopherol 3g, menadione 1g, thiamine 0.5g, riboflavin 1.5g, niacin 4g, calcium pantothenate 2.5g, pyridoxol 0.8g, vitamin B12 2mg, folic acid 0.25g, biotin 8mg and inositol 15g.One kilogram of mineral mixture contains Ca (H2PO4)2,600g、KCr (SO4)20.55g、CuCO3 0.3g、FeC6H5O7 10g、MgO 30g、MnSO4 3.5g、C6H5K3O7·H2O 220g、KI 0.02g、K2SO4 52g、NaCl 74g、Na2SeO 30.02g and ZnCO3 3g。
The property of 7 test specimens is analyzed and is reported in table 2 and table 3.
Table 2 show the thick protein (CP) of seven test specimens, crude fat (EE or ether extract), coarse ash, water and The content of gross energy (GE).
GE is calculated value, and others are measured values.
GE (MJ/kg dry matter)=23.4 × CP (%)+39.2 × EE (%)+17.2 × CARB (%),
Wherein CARB (%)=1- (CP (%)+EE (%)+moisture (%)).
Water content (moisture) is measured according to the drying means in GB/T 6435-2014.
According to GB/T 6438-2007, crude ash content is measured at high temperature (550) DEG C.
Using automatic Kjeltec 2300 (Foss Tecator AB [Foss Tecator company], Sweden [He Genasi, Sweden]) measurement thick protein (N=6.25).Thick lipid is measured with Folch [Fu Erqi] method.Make Sample is extracted with Folch [Fu Erqi] solution that concentration is 20mL/g sample, wherein Folch [Fu Erqi] solution contains 2 volumes Part chloroform and 1 parts by volume methanol.After placing 24 hours, 10mL Folch [Fu Erqi] solution is filled into pre-weighed glass tube In, and with 2mL 0.4%CaCl2Mixing.After standing 30 minutes, with other 2mL chloroform-methanol-aqueous solution (volume ratio 8: 4:3) rinse tube wall three times.Solution is merged, and then in vacuum oven (DZF-6050；Boxun Industry& Commerce Co., Ltd. [Shanghai Boxun Industrial Co., Ltd.], Shanghai, China [Shanghai, China]) in it is dry.Pass through Specific gravity test determines crude fat content, and lipid is re-dissolved in 10mL chloroform and is stored at -20 DEG C until further Analysis.
The significant difference in p < 0.05 is represented with the subsequent different Superscript letters of number in a line.
Table 2
Table 3 shows the essential amino acids content of seven test specimens.The complete water of protein hydrochloric acid in Feed Sample Solve and amino acid using automatic amino acid analyser S-433D (Sykam Co. [Sykam company], Germany [Germany]) into Row analysis.
The significant difference in p < 0.05 is represented with the subsequent different Superscript letters of number in a line.
Table 3
7 test samples are tested in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei (litopenaeus vannamei)), because For weight is distributed highly stable (2.45 ± 0.10g) and is selected.
Feeding is repeated three times every time.For each repetition, keeping the white shrimp density in each cage is 40, cage Volume be 1 cubic metre.Every morning removes the feed and excrement that do not eat up, and dead shrimp is counted and removed.At room temperature Water quality is monitored, and pH is maintained 8.0 ± 0.5.Dissolved oxygen concentration maintains 6.0mg/L or more, and total ammonia nitrogen amount is kept In 0.03mg/L or less.
Measurement continue for 55 days.Shrimp is fed in the set time of 7:00,12:00 and 17:00 daily.It weighs every 2 weeks to shrimp Once, and the weight based on shrimp (5-10%) adjusts feeding rate.Collect the feed that do not eat up within 1 hour after each feeding, and Dry weight is obtained after drying.Two hours progress collecting dungs after feeding.Analyze protein, the amino of dry excrement and Feed Sample The amount (label of digestibility) of acid and chromium oxide.At the end of experiment, it weighs to shrimp.
Different parameters is reported in table 4, as follows.
The original body mass of every shrimp=(total shrimp weight when on-test)/starts total shrimp number when test
Total shrimp number in the final weight of every shrimp=(total shrimp weight when off-test)/every cage
Every shrimp body weight increase=final body weight increase-original body mass
Specific growth rate=100* (average (final weight)-is average (original body mass))/overall test date
The body weight increase of the shrimp of the feed feed intake of the shrimp of feed conversion rate=every/every, wherein the feed of every shrimp is adopted Appetite is the summation of the daily feed feed intake of the final amt of every cage total shrimp/date of test
Survival rate=(every cage starts total shrimp number when total shrimp number-every cage off-test when testing)/every cage experiment opening Total shrimp number when the beginning
The subsequent different Superscript letters of number in same row represent significantly different in p < 0.05.
Table 4
All statistical analysis are all made of the progress of SPSS11.5 software.Data are compared by variance analysis.Variance analysis When showing significant difference, the significant difference between processing is measured using Duncan multiple check.Determine the statistics in p < 0.05 Learn conspicuousness.Palatability result passes through t verification test.
As shown in table 4, the 4th, 5,6 group of final body weight increase and specific growth rate are significantly higher than the 1st group of (low fish meal content Those of control group).3rd, 4,5,6 and 7 group of feed conversion rate is substantially less than the 1st group (low fish meal content control group), but aobvious It writes and is higher than the 2nd group (high fish meal content control group).Most of all, the 5th group and the 6th group of survival rate be significantly higher than the 1st group it is (low Fish meal content control group) survival rate.
The result shows that mangrove schizochytrium limacinum and Mortierella alpina biomass residue it is significant improve the survival of shrimp Rate.
The apparent digestion coefficient (ADC) of dry matter, lipid, protein and amino acid is analyzed, and result is listed on table 5 In.Chromium oxide (0.5%) is mixed with all feeds to measure apparent digestibility coefficient.Pass through rainbow daily during last 3 weeks Absorbing method collects fecal specimens.The fresh excreta with complete coating is selected, be centrifuged (3200rpm, 15 minutes, at 6 DEG C Under), collect, drying is simultaneously ground.Approximate analysis (AOAC 1990) and oxidation chromium analysis are carried out on feed and fecal specimens (Bolin et al., 1952).The total crude protein (micro- Kjeldahl's method, blood urea/nitrogen analyzer, Fison instrument, N=6.25) of analysis sample, Crude fat (is extracted) by the methylene chloride of soxhlet method.ADC (%)=[1- (feed Cr level/excrement Cr is horizontal) * (excrement Just nutrients/feed nutrients)] * 100.
3rd, 4,5 and 6 group of display is compared with the 1st group (low fish meal content control group), thick protein, crude fat and dry matter Digestibility improvement.The digestibility of dry matter and crude protein between 6th group and the 2nd group (high fish meal content control group) does not have There is significant difference, but the digestibility of the 6th group of crude fat is higher than the 2nd group of (high fish meal content control group) crude fat significantly and disappears Rate.
The digestibility of 3rd, 4,5 and 6 group of essential amino acid is higher than the 1st group (low fish meal content control group) required ammonia significantly The digestibility of base acid.In addition to ARG, the essential amino acid between the 6th group and the 2nd group (high fish meal content control group) is not aobvious significant Difference.
4th group of digestibility is lower than the 6th group, but two groups are above the 7th group.
Schizochytrium limacinum biomass and Mortierella alpina biomass residuals used in feed according to the present invention are therefore The digestibility of crude fat, thick protein and essential amino acid is improved, to compensate for the corn egg in low fish meal content feed The shortcomings that white powder.
The significant difference in p < 0.05 is represented with the subsequent different Superscript letters of number in a line.
Table 5
It should be understood that described embodiment is not limiting, and can be right without departing from its frame The present invention improves.
Therefore, we can for example provide additional additive or change the quenched without departing from model of the invention of feed It encloses.Although giving corn protein powder, schizochytrium limacinum biomass and Mortierella alpina biomass residuals in the present specification Exemplary absolute percent, the synergistic effect of these components also depends on their relative scale: for example, it should be understood that Mortierella alpina biomass for aquaculture comprising the schizochytrium limacinum biomass less than twice and contain zein The feed of powder is without departing from the scope of the invention.
Unless otherwise specified, "or" is equal to "and/or".Similarly, unless otherwise defined, " one " word phase When in "at least one".Unless otherwise indicated, all percentage is all weight percent.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of feed comprising fish meal, corn protein powder and docosahexaenoic acid source for aquaculture.
2. the feed according to claim 1 for aquaculture, further includes arachidonic acid source.
3. the feed according to claim 1 or 2 for aquaculture, it includes the arachidonic acids of 0 to 10 weight % Source.
4. the feed according to any one of the preceding claims for aquaculture, it includes 1 weight % to 15 weights Measure the corn protein powder of %.
5. the feed according to any one of the preceding claims for aquaculture, it includes 1% to 5% fragmentation pots Bacterium biomass.
6. the feed according to any one of the preceding claims for aquaculture, wherein the fish meal is selected from catfish fish Powder, peru fish meal and white fish meal.
7. the feed according to any one of the preceding claims for aquaculture is free of additional fish oil or fish liver Oil.
8. the feed according to any one of the preceding claims for aquaculture is preferably chosen from spot for feeding shrimp Save the purposes of prawn and the shrimp in litopenaeus vannamei.
9. the feed as claimed in one of claims 1-7 for aquaculture for feeding fish, be preferably chosen from orange rock-fiss, Golden head porgy, Senegal sole, turbot, carp, lefteye flounder and filefish fish purposes.
It is supported 10. the combination of corn protein powder and schizochytrium limacinum biomass is preferably used for aquatic products as the substitute of fish meal and fish oil The purposes grown.
CN201711385119.5A 2017-12-20 2017-12-20 DHA biomass, ARA residue and corn protein powder are used for the application of white shrimp feed Pending CN109938193A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711385119.5A CN109938193A (en) 2017-12-20 2017-12-20 DHA biomass, ARA residue and corn protein powder are used for the application of white shrimp feed
EP18833028.6A EP3727018A1 (en) 2017-12-20 2018-12-19 Use of dha biomass, ara residue and corn gluten meal in white shrimp feed
CN201880076034.5A CN111386047A (en) 2017-12-20 2018-12-19 Application of DHA biomass, ARA residue and corn protein powder in white shrimp feed
PCT/EP2018/085784 WO2019121878A1 (en) 2017-12-20 2018-12-19 Use of dha biomass, ara residue and corn gluten meal in white shrimp feed

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CN201880076034.5A Pending CN111386047A (en) 2017-12-20 2018-12-19 Application of DHA biomass, ARA residue and corn protein powder in white shrimp feed

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Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0723718A (en) * 1993-07-08 1995-01-27 Kawasaki Steel Corp Feed for culture fish
JPH0898659A (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-04-16 Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd Fish feed having improving effect on stress
EP1619960A4 (en) * 2003-03-07 2009-03-18 Advanced Bionutrition Corp Feed formulation for terrestrial and aquatic animals
US20120040076A1 (en) * 2010-08-11 2012-02-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Aquaculture feed compositions
FR3001736B1 (en) 2013-02-06 2016-03-04 Roquette Freres BIOMASS OF MICROALGUE SCHIZOCHYTRIUM MANGROVEI AND METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME
KR20230151060A (en) * 2014-12-12 2023-10-31 디에스엠 아이피 어셋츠 비.브이. Feed supplement material for use in aquaculture feed

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CN111386047A (en) 2020-07-07
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Application publication date: 20190628