CN109938102A - A kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification - Google Patents
A kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification, this technique is that raw material milk is first carried out degreasing, obtain skim milk and butterfat, then skim milk is successively passed through to twice Ceramic Dynamic Membrane system obtain concentrate and permeate, realize the separation of casein, lactalbumin, then reverse osmosis, nanofiltration or electrodialysis is recycled to be concentrated to give lactose concentrate, the final separation for realizing casein, lactalbumin, lactose in milk.This method uses full membrane integrating technique, avoid the addition of various chemical reagent, not only green energy conservation, but also it is able to maintain the natural flavour mountaineous and nutrition of various composition in milk, entire technical process reduces the discharge of waste, waste water, realize various nutritious ingredient recycling, the ceramic film chemistry of selection stablizes easy cleaning, and cycles of concentration is high, does not have an impact to ingredient each in milk, ceramic membrane system high efficiency energy conservation, occupied area are small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the film integrated treatment process that dairy products separation technology field more particularly to a kind of milk protein are classified.
Background technique
Milk is one of favorite diet in people's daily life, and the chemical component of milk is very complicated, mainly by water, rouge
Fat, protein, lactose, inorganic salt and other material composition, calcium rich in, vitamin etc., develop comprising growth in humans in milk
Required whole amino acid, digestibility are up to 98%, are that other foods are incomparable.Containing fat in milk, to some high blood
Pressure, hyperlipidemia for obese people are then unwanted.Skim milk to hypertension, hyperlipidemia have well stablize and
Decline effect replaces other fresh milks with skim milk, also has the function of controlling weight.
Casein is the mixture of some phosphor proteins, accounts for the 80% of milk protein total amount.Currently used casein separation
Method is at a certain temperature to be adjusted to milk pH value with buffer using protein solubility minimum principle when isoelectric point
Electric, casein precipitates, and then uses water and the coprecipitated foreign protein of organic solvent washing, lactose, obtains pure casein, realizes and divides
From.
Whey liquid is mostly the byproduct of cheese production, wherein guaranteed milk albumin rich in, is easy to infant's absorption,
But salt content is higher in whey liquid, is easy to produce adverse effect to infant's body, therefore, it is necessary to carry out desalination, demulsification sugar
Processing.Due to lactose do not dissolve in ethyl alcohol, when ethyl alcohol is mixed into aqueous solution, lactose can be crystallized out, realize separation, commonly use this method into
Row separation.
Currently, the method that can be isolated by filtration obtains different dairy products to meet each of people in milk separating technology
Kind demand.Common method mainly has equal electro-deposition, gel permeation chromatography, organic solvent deposit and film the methods of to be separated by filtration.?
Chemical reagent is added in separation process not only will increase production cost, can also damage to the ingredient in milk, influence nutrition
Value and taste.Although common membrane filtration separation method can simplify technique, energy consumption is reduced, the addition of chemical reagent is avoided,
It is mainly to be filtered separation using organic film in present milk separating technology, organic film is easy pollution, not easy cleaning, in high temperature
It is easily broken in high pressure and strong acid and strong base cleaning process, influences service life.
In view of this, it is necessary to dairy products separating technology in the prior art be improved, to solve the above problems.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to disclose a kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification, different filtering accuracies are selected
Ceramic membrane heterogeneity realization in milk is separated by filtration, reuse reverse osmosis and nanofiltration or electrodialytic method concentrated milk
Sewage treatment is realized in sugar and desalination, reduces waste discharge.
To achieve the above object, including following the present invention provides a kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification
Step:
Step 1: raw material milk is subjected to degreasing, obtains skim milk and butterfat；
Step 2: skim milk is obtained into the first concentrate and the first permeate by the first ceramic membrane, wherein the first concentrate
In contain casein, lactalbumin and lactose are contained in the first permeate；
Step 3: obtaining the second concentrate and the second permeate by the second ceramic membrane for the first permeate, wherein the second concentration
Contain lactalbumin in liquid, contains lactose and inorganic salts in the second permeate；
Step 4: after the second permeate is first passed through reverse osmosis membrane dehydration, reverse osmosis concentration object is obtained, recycles nanofiltration or electric osmose
Analysis is concentrated to give lactose concentrate or the second permeate is first carried out lactose concentration by nanofiltration or electrodialysis, recycles anti-
Osmosis deaslination processing.
In some embodiments, raw material milk is carried out degreasing in the step 1 can be using centrifugal degreasing or film point
From degreasing, skimming temp is 40~55 DEG C, and skimmed milk fat content is lower than 0.5%.
In some embodiments, the described first ceramic membrane aperture is 0.08~0.2 μm, and first concentrate can be concentrated
To 40~70%, casein content is lower than 5% in first permeate.
In some embodiments, the described second ceramic membrane aperture is 0.01~0.06 μm, cream in second permeate
Sugared content is higher than 10%.
In some embodiments, the second concentrate by low temperature spray drying obtains lactalbumin in the step 3
Powder, the low temperature spray drying temperature are lower than 75 DEG C.
In some embodiments, nanofiltration retaining molecular weight used in nanofiltration is 150~200Da in the step 4.
In some embodiments, the revolving speed of first ceramic membrane be 500~1500rpm, pressure be 0.05~
0.16MPa。
In some embodiments, the revolving speed of second ceramic membrane be 300~1000rpm, pressure be 0.1~
0.25MPa。
In some embodiments, the step 2 and step 3 further include backwash technique alternately and online clear
Technique is washed, backwashing pressure is 0.25~0.3MPa, and backwashing time is 5~20s, and backwashing period is 10~30min, online
Lye or acid solution are selected in cleaning, and the lye and acid strength are 1~2%, and on-line cleaning temperature is 50~70 DEG C, online clear
Washing the time is 0.5~2h.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1, using membrane integrating technique, avoid various chemical reagent
It adds, not only green energy conservation, but also is able to maintain the natural flavour mountaineous and nutrition of various composition in milk；2, the discharge of waste, waste water is reduced,
It realizes various nutritious ingredient recycling, reduces production cost；3, the ceramic film chemistry selected stablizes easy cleaning, dense
Demagnification number is high, does not have an impact to ingredient each in milk, ceramic membrane system high efficiency energy conservation, and occupied area is small.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of 1 figure of film integrated treatment process technique of milk protein classification；
Fig. 2 is a kind of 2 figure of film integrated treatment process technique of milk protein classification.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail for each embodiment shown in reference to the accompanying drawing, but it should be stated that, these
Embodiment is not limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art according to these embodiments made by function, method,
Or equivalent transformation or substitution in structure, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention within.
Embodiment 1
A kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification is present embodiments provided as shown in Figure 1, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: first carrying out the pre-heat treatment for raw material milk, and preheating temperature is 45 DEG C, then using centrifugal degreasing or UF membrane
Raw material milk is first carried out degreasing, the preferred centrifugal degreasing method of the present embodiment, centrifugal rotational speed 5000r/min, centrifugation time by method
For 25min, centrifugal degreasing temperature is 40 DEG C, obtains skim milk and butterfat, stores for future use after butterfat separation, can be used for butter
Or the raw material of cream, fat content is lower than 0.5% in skim milk；
Step 2: skim milk is obtained into the first concentrate and the first permeate after the first ceramic membrane separation, wherein first
Contain casein in concentrate, lactalbumin and lactose are contained in the first permeate, the first ceramic membrane selects Ceramic Dynamic Membrane system
System, the revolving speed control of ceramic membrane is in 300rpm, and system pressure 0.05MPa, the ceramic membrane aperture of selection is 0.08 μm, filtering essence
Degree is micro-filtration rank, and casein concentrate can be concentrated into 40%, the first permeate with high power concentrated casein by the first ceramic membrane
The content of middle casein is lower than 5%；
Step 3: obtaining the second concentrate and the second permeate for the first permeate after the second ceramic membrane separation, wherein the
Containing lactalbumin in two concentrates, lactose is contained in the second permeate, the second ceramic membrane equally selects Ceramic Dynamic Membrane system,
The revolving speed of ceramic membrane is controlled in 500rpm, system pressure 0.1MPa, the ceramic membrane aperture of selection is 0.06 μm, filtering accuracy
It is ultrafiltration rank, lactose content is higher than 10% in the second permeate, and lactose content is lower than 1.5% in the second concentrate, basic realization
Lactalbumin and lactose are kept completely separate, and the whey protein concentrate in the second concentrate is obtained by the method for low temperature spray drying
To PURE WHEY, the control of low temperature spray drying temperature is at 60 DEG C, charging rate 5.8mL/min, obtained PURE WHEY
Protein content is up to 85%；
Step 4: first passing through reverse osmosis membrane dehydration for the second permeate, and counter-infiltration system pressure is 1.4MPa, and temperature is 40 DEG C,
Reverse osmosis concentration object is obtained, nanofiltration membrane is recycled further to be concentrated, cycles of concentration is 4 times, obtains lactose concentrate, lactose concentration
Object prepares high-quality lactose by spray drying method in low temperature, used in nanofiltration membrane retention fractional dose be 150Da, reverse osmosis place
Pure water after reason is back to Reusability in technique.
In addition, further including backwash technique alternately and on-line cleaning technique, backwash in step 2 and step 3
Pressure is 0.25MPa, backwashing time 5s, backwashing period 10min, and on-line cleaning selects lye, the concentration of lye
It is 1%, on-line cleaning temperature is 50 DEG C, and the on-line cleaning time is 0.5h, and the ceramic membrane after cleaning can Reusability.
Each component content of milk such as following table after the separation of the processing step of the present embodiment, (wherein "-" expression is not marked
Numerical value out):
Embodiment 2
A kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification is present embodiments provided as shown in Figure 1, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: first carrying out the pre-heat treatment for raw material milk, and preheating temperature is 50 DEG C, then first will be former using the method for centrifugal degreasing
Material milk carries out degreasing, centrifugal rotational speed 4800r/min, centrifugation time 30min, and centrifugal degreasing temperature is 50 DEG C, obtains degreasing
Milk and butterfat store for future use after butterfat separation, and for butter or the raw material of cream, fat content is lower than in skim milk
0.5%；
Step 2: skim milk is obtained into the first concentrate and the first permeate after the first ceramic membrane separation, wherein first
Contain casein in concentrate, lactalbumin and lactose are contained in the first permeate, the first ceramic membrane selects Ceramic Dynamic Membrane system
System, the revolving speed control of ceramic membrane is in 1000rpm, and system pressure 0.1MPa, the ceramic membrane aperture of selection is 0.1 μm, filtering essence
Degree is micro-filtration rank, and casein concentrate can be concentrated into 50%, the first permeate with high power concentrated casein by the first ceramic membrane
The content of middle casein is lower than 5%；
Step 3: obtaining the second concentrate and the second permeate for the first permeate after the second ceramic membrane separation, wherein the
Containing lactalbumin in two concentrates, lactose is contained in the second permeate, the second ceramic membrane equally selects Ceramic Dynamic Membrane system,
The revolving speed of ceramic membrane controls 800rpm, and the ceramic membrane aperture of system pressure 0.15MPa, selection are 0.03 μm, and filtering accuracy is
Ultrafiltration rank, lactose content is higher than 10% in the second permeate, and lactose content is lower than 1.5% in the second concentrate, basic to realize cream
Albumin and lactose are kept completely separate, and the whey protein concentrate in the second concentrate is obtained by the method for low temperature spray drying
PURE WHEY, low temperature spray drying temperature control the lactalbumin amyloid proteins obtained at 70 DEG C, charging rate 6mL/min
Content is up to 83%；
Step 4: first passing through reverse osmosis membrane dehydration for the second permeate, and counter-infiltration system pressure is 0.5MPa, and temperature is 40 DEG C,
Reverse osmosis concentration object is obtained, nanofiltration membrane is recycled further to be concentrated, cycles of concentration is 3.5 times, obtains lactose concentrate, lactose is dense
Contracting object prepares high-quality lactose by spray drying method in low temperature, used in nanofiltration membrane retention fractional dose be 150Da, it is reverse osmosis
Treated, and pure water is back in technique is recycled.
In addition, further including backwash technique alternately and on-line cleaning technique, backwash in step 2 and step 3
Pressure is 0.28MPa, backwashing time 10s, backwashing period 20min, and on-line cleaning selects lye, the concentration of lye
It is 1%, on-line cleaning temperature is 60 DEG C, and the on-line cleaning time is 1h, and the ceramic membrane after cleaning can Reusability.
Each component content of milk such as following table after the separation of the processing step of the present embodiment, (wherein "-" expression is not marked
Numerical value out):
Embodiment 3
A kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification is present embodiments provided as shown in Figure 2, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: first carrying out the pre-heat treatment for raw material milk, and preheating temperature is 50 DEG C, then first will be former using the method for centrifugal degreasing
Material milk carries out degreasing, centrifugal speed 5200r/min, centrifugation time 30min, and centrifugal degreasing temperature is 55 DEG C, obtains degreasing
Milk and butterfat store for future use after butterfat separation, and for butter or the raw material of cream, fat content is lower than in skim milk
0.5%；
Step 2: skim milk is obtained into the first concentrate and the first permeate after the first ceramic membrane separation, wherein first
Contain casein in concentrate, lactalbumin and lactose are contained in the first permeate, the first ceramic membrane selects Ceramic Dynamic Membrane system
System, the revolving speed control of ceramic membrane is in 1200rpm, and system pressure 0.15MPa, the ceramic membrane aperture of selection is 0.15 μm, filtering
Precision is micro-filtration rank, and casein concentrate can be concentrated into 60%, first penetrates with high power concentrated casein by the first ceramic membrane
The content of casein is lower than 5% in liquid；
Step 3: obtaining the second concentrate and the second permeate for the first permeate after the second ceramic membrane separation, wherein the
Containing lactalbumin in two concentrates, lactose is contained in the second permeate, the second ceramic membrane equally selects Ceramic Dynamic Membrane system,
The revolving speed of ceramic membrane controls 1000rpm, and the ceramic membrane aperture of system pressure 0.2MPa, selection are 0.02 μm, and filtering accuracy is
Ultrafiltration rank, lactose content is higher than 10% in the second permeate, and lactose content is lower than 1.5% in the second concentrate, basic to realize cream
Albumin and lactose are kept completely separate, and the whey protein concentrate in the second concentrate is obtained by the method for low temperature spray drying
PURE WHEY, low temperature spray drying temperature control the PURE WHEY egg obtained at 70 DEG C, charging rate 6.5mL/min
Bai Hanliang is up to 87%；
Step 4: the second permeate is directly concentrated by nanofiltration membrane, obtains lactose concentrate, and cycles of concentration is 3 times, so
High-quality lactose is prepared by spray drying method in low temperature again afterwards, used in nanofiltration membrane retention fractional dose be 150Da, by receiving
Solution after filter membrane passes through reverse osmosis membrane processing, reverse osmosis pressure 0.6MPa, and temperature is 40 DEG C, and rejection is up to 98%, after processing
Pure water be back to Reusability in technique.
In addition, further including backwash technique alternately and on-line cleaning technique, backwash in step 2 and step 3
Pressure is 0.3MPa, backwashing time 15s, backwashing period 25min, and on-line cleaning selects lye, the concentration of lye
It is 2%, on-line cleaning temperature is 70 DEG C, and the on-line cleaning time is 2h, and the ceramic membrane after cleaning can Reusability.
Each component content of milk such as following table after the separation of the processing step of the present embodiment, (wherein "-" expression is not marked
Numerical value out):
The series of detailed descriptions listed above are illustrated only for feasible embodiment of the invention, it
The protection scope that is not intended to limit the invention, it is all without departing from equivalent implementations made by technical spirit of the present invention or change
It should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: raw material milk is subjected to degreasing, obtains skim milk and butterfat；
Step 2: skim milk is obtained into the first concentrate and the first permeate by the first ceramic membrane, wherein the first concentrate
In contain casein, lactalbumin and lactose are contained in the first permeate；
Step 3: obtaining the second concentrate and the second permeate by the second ceramic membrane for the first permeate, wherein the second concentration
Contain lactalbumin in liquid, contains lactose and inorganic salts in the second permeate；
Step 4: after the second permeate is first passed through reverse osmosis membrane dehydration, reverse osmosis concentration object is obtained, recycles nanofiltration or electric osmose
Analysis is concentrated to give lactose concentrate or the second permeate is first carried out lactose concentration by nanofiltration or electrodialysis, recycles anti-
Osmosis deaslination processing.
2. a kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Raw material milk, which is carried out degreasing, in one can use centrifugal degreasing or UF membrane degreasing, and skimming temp is 40~55 DEG C, degreasing ox
Milk fat content is lower than 0.5%.
3. a kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described first
Ceramic membrane aperture is 0.08~0.2 μm, and first concentrate can be concentrated into 40~70%, casein in first permeate
Content is lower than 5%.
4. a kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described second
Ceramic membrane aperture is 0.01~0.06 μm, and lactose content is higher than 10% in second permeate.
5. a kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Second concentrate obtains PURE WHEY by low temperature spray drying in three, and the low temperature spray drying temperature is lower than 75 DEG C.
6. a kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Nanofiltration retaining molecular weight used in nanofiltration is 150~200Da in four.
7. a kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described first
The revolving speed of ceramic membrane is 500~1500rpm, and pressure is 0.05~0.16MPa.
8. a kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described second
The revolving speed of ceramic membrane is 300~1000rpm, and pressure is 0.1~0.25MPa.
9. a kind of film integrated treatment process of milk protein classification according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Two and step 3 further include backwash technique and on-line cleaning technique alternately, backwashing pressure is 0.25~0.3MPa,
Backwashing time is 5~20s, and backwashing period is 10~30min, and on-line cleaning selects lye or acid solution, the lye and acid
Liquid concentration is 1~2%, and on-line cleaning temperature is 50~70 DEG C, and the on-line cleaning time is 0.5~2h.
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| CN110250315A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-20 | 飞潮（无锡）过滤技术有限公司 | A kind of low fat and sugar high-protein milk ice cream and preparation method thereof |
| CN110915717A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-03-27 | 全国畜牧总站 | Standard substance for measuring production performance of dairy cows as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| JP2021078489A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2021-05-27 | 胡金霞 | Manufacturing apparatus of protein powder useful for bone reinforcement |
| CN115175566A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2022-10-11 | 美丽生活有限责任公司 | Production and separation of milk fractions with a final nanofiltration step |
| CN114343020A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-15 | 南京工业大学 | Process for removing lactose from milk |
| CN114343020B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-10-24 | 南京工业大学 | Process for removing lactose from milk |
| CN116406702A (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-07-11 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司 | Milk and preparation method thereof |
| CN116406702B (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-09-01 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司 | Milk and preparation method thereof |
| CN116982656A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-11-03 | 安徽天凯生物科技有限公司 | Method and device for separating components in milk and dairy products |
| CN117481198A (en) * | 2024-01-02 | 2024-02-02 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司 | Membrane separation recombination method for core nutritional ingredients of infant milk product and application of membrane separation recombination method |
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