CN108342438A - A method of recycling active material from dairy wastewater - Google Patents
A method of recycling active material from dairy wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN108342438A CN108342438A CN201710049385.4A CN201710049385A CN108342438A CN 108342438 A CN108342438 A CN 108342438A CN 201710049385 A CN201710049385 A CN 201710049385A CN 108342438 A CN108342438 A CN 108342438A
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- dairy
- dairy wastewater
- galactooligosaccharide
- wastewater
- milk protein
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P21/00—Preparation of peptides or proteins
- C12P21/06—Preparation of peptides or proteins produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
- C07H1/06—Separation; Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H3/00—Compounds containing only hydrogen atoms and saccharide radicals having only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
- C07H3/02—Monosaccharides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/14—Extraction; Separation; Purification
- C07K1/34—Extraction; Separation; Purification by filtration, ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/14—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a carbohydrase (EC 3.2.x), e.g. by alpha-amylase, e.g. by cellulase, hemicellulase
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Abstract
The method that the invention discloses a kind of to recycle active material from dairy wastewater, belongs to food wastewater processing technology field.This method is:After dairy wastewater is pre-processed, the method being combined using enzymatic isolation method and ultrafiltration membrane technique recycles the milk protein peptide in dairy wastewater;Ultrafiltration membrane permeate is penetrated into nanofiltration membrane system under a certain pressure again, using the galactooligosaccharide in enzymatic isolation method and NF membrane joint technology recycling dairy wastewater, and oligosaccharide is detached with lactose and glucose.It is safe and non-toxic using the milk protein peptide and galactooligosaccharide of this method recycling, and there is bioactivity, milk protein peptide has anti-oxidant, antitumor isoreactivity, galactooligosaccharide has the activity for adjusting intestinal flora, processed dairy wastewater has had reached recycle water standard simultaneously, can be back in dairy products production.One aspect of the present invention reduces pollution of the dairy wastewater to environment, on the other hand increases the added value of dairy wastewater, realizes the recycling of waste water resource and energy-saving and environment-friendly combination, and the processing for dairy factory waste water provides theoretical foundation.The invention is mainly used in the recycling treatment of milk and milk product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing methods of food processing wastewater, especially a kind of to recycle active matter from dairy wastewater
The method of matter.
Background technology
With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people are increasing to the demand of dairy produce, promote milk and add
Factory continues to bring out, and brings huge economic and social benefit, but the discharge capacity of pollutant is consequently increased simultaneously, is caused
Prodigious environmental pollution.
There is a large amount of waste water to be discharged in the process of manufacture of milk, is mainly derived from container, pipeline, equipment cleaning institute
The production waste water and workshop of the higher concentration of generation rinse production waste water and the part of the low concentration generated with place
Sanitary sewage;This kind of waste water easily degenerates fermentation, causes body eutrophication, easily causes algal bloom, consumes and is dissolved in water
Oxygen causes damages to aquatic animal, makes water quality deterioration, must be handled before discharging.
Contain certain physiological activator, such as milk protein, lactose in dairy wastewater, if only reduced in waste water
COD, BOD after discharge, the waste of active material will necessarily be caused, waste water also cannot get regeneration, therefore how from milk
These active materials are extracted in waste water, recycling water resource is the critical issue that milk enterprise faces, and the solution energy,
The key technology of the significant problems such as crisis of resource and environmental pollution.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of method of processing dairy wastewater, one kind is from dairy wastewater
The method for recycling active material.
The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of the present invention is:A kind of side recycling active material from dairy wastewater
Method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1)After dairy wastewater is pre-processed, the method being combined using enzymatic isolation method and ultrafiltration membrane technique recycles dairy wastewater
In milk protein peptide, obtain ultrafiltration membrane permeate, and analyze the removal rate of the COD in permeate and SS;
(2)By step(1)The ultrafiltration membrane permeate of gained penetrates nanofiltration membrane system under a certain pressure, using enzymatic isolation method and nanofiltration
Film joint technology recycles the galactooligosaccharide in dairy wastewater, while oligosaccharide being detached with lactose and glucose, and analyzes saturating
The removal rate for crossing the COD and SS in liquid, makes processed waste water reach recycle water standard, is back in dairy products production;
(3)It proves that the milk protein peptide recycled from dairy wastewater and galactooligosaccharide are safe and non-toxic by zoopery, and has
There are bioactivity, milk protein peptide that there is anti-oxidant, antitumor isoreactivity, galactooligosaccharide to have adjusting intestinal flora etc. living
Property.
The step of handling dairy wastewater using the method that enzymatic isolation method and ultrafiltration membrane technique are combined is as follows:
(1)A certain amount of neutral proteinase is added in dairy wastewater, a period of time, selective retention point are digested under the conditions of 45 DEG C
Son amount is respectively the ultrafiltration membrane of 3 KDa, 5 KDa, 10 KDa, and ultrafiltration, water intake velocity 54 are carried out to the dairy wastewater after enzymolysis
L/min determines optimization of ultrafiltration membrane according to the rejection of the flux of ultrafiltration membrane and milk protein peptide;
(2)Using operating pressure, wastewater pH, water inlet flow velocity as investigation factor, single factor test and orthogonal test, optimization shadow are successively designed
The factor of ultrafiltration condition is rung, and analyzes the removal rate of the COD in permeate and SS.
The step of recycling the galactooligosaccharide in dairy wastewater using enzymatic isolation method and NF membrane joint technology is as follows:Ultrafiltrate
It is middle that a certain amount of beta galactosidase is added, after reacting a period of time, by it through the nanofiltration that molecular cut off is 1000 Da
Film, using the apparent rejection of galactooligosaccharide, lactose and glucose and permeation flux as foundation, with operating pressure, temperature and thoroughly
Cross a concentration of investigation factor of liquid, the technique of research recycling oligosaccharide analyzes the removal rate of COD and SS in permeate, and with return
Water quality standard comparison is received, investigates whether the recycle-water can be back in dairy products production.
The step of studying milk protein peptide and galactooligosaccharide safety and bioactivity is as follows:Measure milk protein peptide pair
The influence of mouse weight and liver weight index, active to prostate cancer DU-145 cytostatic agents and human normal prostate is thin
The toxicity of born of the same parents' RWPE-1 cells, to superoxide anion and Hydroxyl radical-scavenging ability;Measure galactooligosaccharide to mouse food-intake,
The influence of weight and intestinal flora.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are the following aspects:
(1)The present invention realizes the recycling of milk protein peptide and galactooligosaccharide and useless water reuse, ultrafiltration in dairy wastewater
Technology can by dairy wastewater milk protein peptide and sugar efficiently separate, and realize the concentration of milk protein peptide, utilize nanofiltration
Technology can realize the recycling and concentration of galactooligosaccharide, while be detached with lactose and glucose;
(2)The present invention recycles dairy wastewater, on the one hand reduces pollution of the waste water to environment, on the other hand increases the attached of waste water
It is value added, realize the recycling of waste water resource and energy-saving and environment-friendly combination;
(3)The milk protein peptide and oligosaccharide recycled from waste water has certain biological activity, has certain health care work(
Can, the invention will increase the further investigation for pushing protein peptides and oligosaccharide in medical domain.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Technology Roadmap that active material is recycled from dairy wastewater.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with specific implementation example, the present invention is described in further detail.
One, the milk protein peptide in dairy wastewater is recycled
A certain amount of neutral proteinase is added in dairy wastewater, a period of time, selective retention molecule are digested under the conditions of 45 DEG C
Amount is respectively the ultrafiltration membrane of 3 KDa, 5 KDa, 10 KDa, carries out ultrafiltration to the dairy wastewater after enzymolysis, water intake velocity is 54 L/
Min is 5 KDa according to the optimization of ultrafiltration membrane that the rejection of the flux of ultrafiltration membrane and milk protein peptide determines.
Processing dairy wastewater is combined using enzymatic isolation method and hyperfiltration technique, is to examine with operating pressure, wastewater pH, water inlet flow velocity
Factor is examined, using membrane flux and protein peptides rejection as index, the condition that optimization of orthogonal test goes out to recycle milk protein peptide is:It is neutral
Protease additive amount is 5%, 0.6 Mpa of operating pressure, 54 L/min, pH 7.0 of water inlet flow velocity, temperature 45 C, with this condition
It is 78%, SS removal rates is 86% that milk protein peptide rejection, which is 94.45%, COD removal rates,.
Two, the galactooligosaccharide in dairy wastewater is recycled
A certain amount of beta galactosidase is added in ultrafiltrate, after reacting a period of time, it is 1000 that it is penetrated to molecular cut off
The NF membrane of Da, using the apparent rejection of galactooligosaccharide, lactose and glucose and permeation flux as foundation, with operating pressure,
A concentration of investigation factor of temperature and permeate, the technique of research recycling oligosaccharide, analyzes the removal of COD and SS in permeate
Rate, and with recycle-water Comparison of standards, investigate the recycle-water whether can be back to dairy products production in.
During the experiment, film permeate and concentrate are all recycled back to raw material tank, and system recycles 30min under prescribed conditions
Sampling analysis permeate and mother liquid concentration afterwards, and permeation flux is measured simultaneously, then change condition, recycle 30min, measures next
Under the conditions of permeation flux and permeate concentration;When continuous infiltration, permeate continuously produces, while fresh deionized water is with phase
Same flow velocity is pumped into raw material tank, and concentrate is recycled back to raw material tank, and permeate often produces 1L, and sampling analysis permeate and mother liquor are dense
Degree, and permeation flux is measured, galactooligosaccharide is detached with glucose and lactose finally, purifies galactooligosaccharide.
Finally the operating condition of determining recycling galactooligosaccharide is:Beta galactosidase additive amount be 4.5%, through cut
It is the NF membrane of 1000 Da to stay molecular weight, and operating pressure is 1.5 Mpa, and temperature is 45 DEG C, and the mass concentration of permeate is
168.4 g/L, while galactooligosaccharide can be detached with lactose and glucose, the rate of recovery of galactooligosaccharide is with this condition
90.56%, COD value is 11.78 ppm in NF membrane permeate, and SS values are 0, and the removal rate of the two is respectively 99.52% and 100%,
It can be seen that the recycle-water has reached recycle water standard, can be used in dairy product manufacturing process.
Three, milk protein peptide and galactooligosaccharide safety and bioactivity
(1)The safety of milk protein peptide and bioactivity research
1. zoopery
Kunming mouse 30 is selected, blank control group, protein peptides low concentration are randomly divided into(50mg/kg·d), high concentration
(200mg/kg·d)Dosage group, every group 10, in raising in 12h dark, the plastics rearing-box of 12h lights, room temperature(20±2)
DEG C, humidity 40% ~ 60% is freely eaten and drinks water;The daily gavage of each administration group 1 time, continuous 2 weeks, control group and model group were given
The physiological saline of same amount;Each group measures protein peptides to mouse weight and liver weight respectively in being deprived of food but not water after the last administration
The influence of index.
Zoopery illustrates that protein peptides do not have toxicity to mouse, has certain growth promoting function instead.
2. DPPH free radical scavenging ability assay methods
Each 1 mL of the protein peptides liquid of various concentration is taken, 2 mL of DPPH ethanol solutions of 125 mol/L is separately added into, is added
Absolute ethyl alcohol is to 4 mL, after being sufficiently mixed, places 30 min in the dark, repeats 3 groups, measure absorbance at 517 nm, obtain
Go out clearance rate of each concentration polypeptide to DPPH.
Clearance rate(%)=[A0-(A1-A2)]/A0×100%
In formula:A0For the absorbance of absolute ethyl alcohol+DPPH;A1For the absorbance of sample liquid+DPPH;A2For sample liquid+anhydrous second
The absorbance of alcohol.
3. superoxide anion Scavenging activity assay method
It is added nitroblue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) solution 1 mL of 2.52 mmol/mL in tool plug test tube, 624 μm of ol/mL's
After mixing, the phenazine methosulfate of 120 μm of ol/mL is added in the sample of 1 mL of NADH solution and 1 mL various concentrations(PMS)It is molten
1 mL of liquid starts to react, and each sample group absorbance A s is measured under 560 nm after 25 DEG C of 5 min of reaction, blank group is with deionized water
Absorbance is surveyed instead of sample and obtains Ac, this experiment is using ascorbic acid as positive control, and superoxide anion clearance rate is as follows
It calculates:Clearance rate(%)=[(Ac-As)/Ac]×100%.
4. Hydroxyl radical-scavenging ability detection method
The ethanol solution for taking a concentration of 0.75 mmol/L Phens of 0.5 mL is separately added into a concentration of 0.2 mol/L's
The sample of pH 7.4 phosphate buffer 1 mL and 0.5 mL various concentrations, are added 0.5 mL a concentration of 0.75 after mixing well
The FeSO of mmol/L4Solution, again mixing the H of 0.5 mL mass fractions 0.01 % is added2O2, after 37 DEG C of 60 min of water bath with thermostatic control,
It measures each group light absorption value respectively under 536 nm and obtains AS, replace sample to survey light absorption value as blank group using deionized water and obtain AC, with
0.5 mL deionized waters substitute sample and replace H simultaneously with 0.5 mL deionized waters2O2As damage group, its absorbance A is surveyedO, with
Ascorbic acid replaces sample as positive control, and the Scavenging action to hydroxyl free radical of antioxidation active peptides calculates as follows:It removes
Rate(%)=[(AS - AC) /(AO - AC)]×100%。
5. mtt assay detects prostate cancer DU-145 cytostatic agents activity and human normal prostatic cell RWPE-1
Cytotoxicity
DU-145 the and RWPE-1 cells in exponential phase are seeded in 96 orifice plates respectively, per 200 μ L of hole, blank group
Nutrient solution is only added, in 5% CO237 DEG C of hatchings for 24 hours, suck culture solution in incubator, and the nutrition of various concentration protein peptides is added
Liquor, each concentration set 3 parallel holes, and control group are arranged, the nutrient solution without protein peptides is added, and are again placed in 5%CO2Training
It supports 37 DEG C of hatchings in case and for 24 hours, after hatching, sucks nutrient solution, the PBS that the MTT and 180 μ L of 20 μ L is added continues to cultivate 4h, inhales
Liquid in 96 orifice plates is abandoned, the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) of 150 μ L is added(DMSO), shake 10min after, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay instrument in
Absorbance is surveyed at 490nm obtains sample sets absorbance A s, control group absorbance A o cell inhibitory effect indexes(IR), as follows
It calculates:IR(%)=[(AO -AC)/AO]×100%。
The milk protein peptide finally measured is 83.94% to the clearance rate of DPPH free radicals, to the clearance rate of superoxide anion
It is 95.84%, is 75.36% to Scavenging action to hydroxyl free radical;Protein peptides there is apparent proliferation to press down prostate cancer DU-145 cells
It makes and uses, inhibiting rate, to human normal prostatic cell RWPE-1 cells without growth inhibitory activity, illustrates albumen up to 78.21%
Peptide has certain anti-oxidant, antitumor activity.
(2)The bioactivity research of galactooligosaccharide
Mouse buys single cage in rear SPF grades of animal house and raises, room temperature(20-22℃)Relative humidity(46-51%RH), ad lib
And drinking-water, mouse is divided into 4 groups, every group 10 by the method being grouped at random.Orally administration of daily early morning, sets according to experiment
Set dosage continuous gavage 14 days;Intragastric administration on mice volume is 0.1mL/10g mouse weight, and blank control group is replaced with sterile saline,
Daily gavage volume is identical as each tested material group.Before experiment(0th day)And that tests records for the 7th day and the 14th day respectively
Bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, Escherichia coli and enterococcus in the food-intake and the weight of animals and stool in mice of each group experiment mice
Quantity variation.
Galactooligosaccharide can improve mouse food-intake, increase mouse weight, illustrate that galactooligosaccharide is safe and non-toxic;It is low
Poly- galactolipin can promote the proliferation of the beneficial bacteriums such as Bifidobacterium in mouse intestinal, lactobacillus, inhibit enterobacteria and enterococcal increasing
It grows, it is seen that galactooligosaccharide plays the role of adjusting intestinal flora.
It summarizes
(1)It is combined using enzymatic isolation method and ultrafiltration membrane technique, the milk protein peptide operating condition recycled in dairy wastewater is:Ultrafiltration
Retaining molecular weight is 5 KDa, and neutral proteinase additive amount is 5%, 0.6 Mpa of operating pressure, water inlet flow velocity 54 L/min, pH
7.0, temperature 45 C, it be 78%, SS removal rates is 86% that milk protein peptide rejection, which is 94.45%, COD removal rates,;
(2)NF membrane is penetrated after ultrafiltration membrane permeate is digested, and dairy wastewater is recycled using enzymatic isolation method and NF membrane joint technology
In the operating condition of galactooligosaccharide be:Beta galactosidase additive amount is 4.5%, and operating pressure is 1.5 Mpa, and temperature is
45 DEG C, the mass concentration of permeate is 168.4 g/L, while can detach galactooligosaccharide with lactose and glucose, at this
The rate of recovery of galactooligosaccharide is 90.56% under part, and COD value is 11.78 ppm in NF membrane permeate, and SS values are 0, the two
Removal rate is respectively 99.52% and 100%, it is seen that the recycle-water has reached recycle water standard, can be used in dairy product manufacturing process;
(3)Zoopery proves that the protein peptides recycled from dairy wastewater and galactooligosaccharide are safe and non-toxic, and living with biology
Property;Milk protein peptide has anti-oxidant, antitumor isoreactivity, and galactooligosaccharide, which has, adjusts intestinal flora isoreactivity.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method recycling active material from dairy wastewater, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1)After dairy wastewater is pre-processed, the method being combined using enzymatic isolation method and ultrafiltration membrane technique recycles dairy wastewater
In milk protein peptide, obtain ultrafiltration membrane permeate, and analyze the removal rate of the COD in permeate and SS;
(2)By step(1)The ultrafiltration membrane permeate of gained penetrates nanofiltration membrane system under a certain pressure, using enzymatic isolation method and nanofiltration
Film joint technology recycles the galactooligosaccharide in dairy wastewater, and oligosaccharide is detached with lactose and glucose, and analyzes transmission
The removal rate of COD and SS in liquid, make processed waste water reach recycle water standard, are back in dairy products production;
(3)It proves that the milk protein peptide recycled from dairy wastewater and galactooligosaccharide are safe and non-toxic by zoopery, and has
There is bioactivity;There is milk protein peptide anti-oxidant, antitumor isoreactivity, galactooligosaccharide to have adjusting intestinal flora etc. living
Property.
2. a kind of method recycling active material from dairy wastewater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step(1)
The step of method being combined using enzymatic isolation method and ultrafiltration membrane technique handles dairy wastewater is as follows:Add in dairy wastewater
Enter a certain amount of neutral proteinase, a period of time is digested under the conditions of 45 DEG C, selective retention molecular weight is respectively 3 KDa, 5
The ultrafiltration membrane of KDa, 10 KDa carry out ultrafiltration to the dairy wastewater after enzymolysis, and water intake velocity is 54 L/min, according to ultrafiltration membrane
The rejection of flux and milk protein peptide determines optimization of ultrafiltration membrane.
3. a kind of method recycling active material from dairy wastewater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step(1)
It further include following step:Using operating pressure, wastewater pH, water inlet flow velocity as investigation factor, single factor test and orthogonal test are successively designed,
Optimization influences the factor of ultrafiltration condition, and analyzes the removal rate of the COD in permeate and SS.
4. a kind of method recycling active material from dairy wastewater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step(2)
Described is as follows the step of recycling the galactooligosaccharide in dairy wastewater using enzymatic isolation method and NF membrane joint technology:In ultrafiltrate
A certain amount of beta galactosidase is added, after reacting a period of time, it is penetrated to the NF membrane that molecular cut off is 1000 Da,
Using the apparent rejection of galactooligosaccharide, lactose and glucose and permeation flux as foundation, with operating pressure, temperature and permeate
A concentration of investigation factor, the technique of research recycling oligosaccharide analyzes the removal rate of COD and SS in permeate, and and recycle-water
Comparison of standards, investigates whether the recycle-water can be back in dairy products production.
5. a kind of method recycling active material from dairy wastewater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step(3)
The step of research milk protein peptide and galactooligosaccharide safety and bioactivity, is as follows:Milk protein peptide is measured to small
The influence of mouse weight and liver weight index, and human normal prostatic cell active to row gland cancer DU-145 cytostatic agents
RWPE-1 cytotoxicities, to superoxide anion and Hydroxyl radical-scavenging ability;Galactooligosaccharide is measured to mouse food-intake, weight
With the influence of intestinal flora.
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CN101774707A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-14 | 上海启源生物科技有限公司 | Recovery processing method of protein waste water |
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2017
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CN1752036A (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2006-03-29 | 武汉湖工大膜技术开发有限公司 | Treatment method of soybean lactalbumin waste water |
CN101195652A (en) * | 2007-12-03 | 2008-06-11 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Method for recycling protein and lactose from milk product wastewater |
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