CN109936360A - Pulse counting equipment and radiation detecting system - Google Patents
Pulse counting equipment and radiation detecting system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of pulse counting equipment and radiation detecting systems, the pulse counting equipment may include at least one counting channel, each counting channel includes: multiple comparators, is both configured to that the amplitude of acquired pulse signal is compared to corresponding predetermined amplitude threshold value and is exported the level signal of instruction comparison result；Encoder is configured as within multiple clock cycle being encoded according to the level signal that pre-arranged code mode exports multiple comparators to obtain multiple encoded radios；Processing unit is configured as successively determining the target code value in multiple encoded radios according to the time sequencing for obtaining multiple encoded radios, and controls corresponding counter according to target code value and counted.The identification and recovery of pulse stacking event may be implemented by technical solution provided by the present application, and improve the count accuracy of pulse signal.
Description
Technical field
This application involves signal processing technology field, in particular to a kind of pulse counting equipment and radiation detecting system.
Background technique
The description of this part only provides and discloses relevant background information to the application, without constituting the prior art.
In the detection of the radioactive ray particle of high count rate, often go out in the successive pulse signals of detector output
The phenomenon that being now partially or completely overlapped, this phenomenon are known as pulse stacking event, as shown in Figure 1.Pulse stacking event makes
The waveform of multiple pulse signals is overlapped, and influences the subsequent information extraction to each pulse signal, and counting loss, power spectrum will be caused to lose
A series of problems, such as true, this may deterioration detecting device performance.Therefore, it is recognized accurately whether pulse signal arteries and veins occurs
Rushing stacking event and carrying out accurate counting to the pulse signal for pulse stacking event occur is particularly important.
The counting to pulse signal is usually realized using voltage comparator and counter in the prior art, specifically: benefit
The pulse signal that detector exports is compared with pre-set threshold voltage with a voltage comparator and utilizes one
The number of edge (the rising edge or failing edge) jump for the level signal that voltage comparator exports in the counter records unit time,
The quantity of pulse signal obtained is determined according to the enumeration data of counter output.However, for there is pulse stacking
The pulse signal of event is not quite similar for the number for the pulse signal that different threshold voltages is recorded.Simultaneously as adjacent
The time interval of pulse signal and the randomness of amplitude size are all higher, this leads to not accurately count pulse signal
Number, to affect subsequent image quality.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of embodiments herein is to provide a kind of pulse counting equipment and radiation detecting system, to improve pulse letter
Number count accuracy.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, embodiments herein provides a kind of pulse counting equipment, may include
At least one counting channel, each counting channel may each comprise:
Multiple comparators, each comparator be both configured to by the amplitude of acquired pulse signal with it is corresponding pre-
If amplitude threshold is compared and exports the level signal of instruction comparison result；
Encoder is configured as within multiple clock cycle exporting multiple comparators according to pre-arranged code mode
Level signal encoded to obtain multiple encoded radios；
Processing unit is configured as successively determining multiple volumes according to the time sequencing for obtaining multiple encoded radios
Target code value in code value, and corresponding counter is controlled according to the target code value and is counted, wherein it is described
Target code value is greater than or equal to the encoded radio of preset time with interval.
Optionally, the encoder is specifically configured to execute following operation:
All in accordance with sequence corresponding with the size of multiple predetermined amplitude threshold values to more within each clock cycle
The level signal of a comparator output carries out priority encoding, and the obtained encoded radio is sent to the processing
Unit；Or
The level signal of multiple comparator outputs is encoded respectively within each clock cycle, by institute
Obtained all encoded radios for all level signals are added, and the encoded radio after will add up is sent to
The processing unit.
Optionally, the processing unit is specifically configured to execute following operation:
Determine whether the present encoding value in multiple encoded radios is that the target is compiled according to default method of determination
Code value；When determining the present encoding value is target code value, the corresponding meter is controlled according to the target code value
Number device is counted；By next encoded radio with present encoding value interval preset time in multiple encoded radios
As the present encoding value, repeats above-mentioned determining target code value and control the operation that the counter is counted, directly
The counting to acquired all pulse signals is completed to the counter.
Optionally, the processing unit is also specifically configured to execute following operation:
When the quantity of the encoded radio is 2, present encoding value and a upper encoded radio are compared, and described
Maximum value in present encoding value and a upper encoded radio is determined as the target code value；
When the quantity of the encoded radio is greater than 2, the target code value is determined in the following way；
The first derivative of the present encoding value in multiple encoded radios is calculated according to following formula (1):
Yi=Xi+1-Xi(1)；
Work as YiWhen equal to 0, respectively according to following formula (2)-(3) calculate in multiple encoded radios with it is described current
The second dervative of the first derivative of next encoded radio of encoded radio interval preset time and the present encoding value:
Yi+1=Xi+2-Xi+1 (2)
Zi=Yi+1-Yi (3)
Wherein, Xi、Xi+1And Xi+2Respectively indicate be spaced two-by-two the upper encoded radio of preset time, present encoding value and under
One encoded radio, YiAnd Yi+1It respectively indicates and XiAnd Xi+1Corresponding first derivative, ZiExpression and XiCorresponding second dervative, i are
Positive integer, and
Work as ZiWhen less than 0, by Xi+1It is determined as the target code value；
Work as YiGreater than 0 and Yi+1When less than 0, by Xi+1It is determined as the target code value.
Optionally, the processing unit is also specifically configured to execute following operation:
When by Xi+1When being determined as the target code value, if Xi+1For j, then control and j in multiple counters
Counter is counted according to default counting mode, and the residual count device in multiple counters keeps present count state,
Wherein, j predetermined amplitude threshold value corresponding to j counter be less than residual count device respectively corresponding to predetermined amplitude threshold value,
And j is positive integer.
Optionally, the processing unit is also specifically configured to execute following operation:
The counter corresponding with the present encoding value in multiple counters is controlled according to default counting side
Formula is counted, and the residual count device in multiple counters keeps present count state.
Optionally, the processing unit is additionally configured to the enumeration data according to multiple counter outputs to the arteries and veins
It rushes signal and carries out reconstruction processing.
Optionally, each counting channel further include:
Detector connect with multiple comparators, and is configured to respond to detected radioactive ray
And generate the corresponding pulse signal.
Optionally, the detector includes photodetector or radiation detector.
Optionally, the radiation detector includes semiconductor radiation detector, gas detector or scintillation detector.
Optionally, each counting channel further include:
Amplifying circuit is arranged between the detector and multiple comparators, and is configured as described in adjustment
Amplitude, polarity and/or the width of the pulse signal of detector output, and the pulse signal adjusted is sent to
Multiple comparators.
Optionally, each counting channel further include:
Clock source is configured as providing synchronizing clock signals to the encoder and the processing unit, so that described
Encoder and the processing unit are operated according to default clock frequency.
Optionally, the comparator includes voltage comparator or current comparator, and the encoder includes priority encoder.
Optionally, the counter is arranged in the processing unit or connect with the processing unit, and with it is multiple
The comparator is corresponding.
Optionally, the comparator, the encoder, the processing unit and the counter are by independent electronics
Component is constituted, or is realized by the logical resource in fpga chip.
Embodiments herein additionally provides a kind of radiation detecting system, may include above-mentioned pulse counting equipment.
The technical solution provided by the above embodiments herein utilizes multiple comparisons as it can be seen that embodiments herein passes through
Acquired pulse signal is compared with corresponding predetermined amplitude threshold value and is exported the level signal of instruction comparison result by device,
The level signal sent in such a way that encoder is within multiple clock cycle according to pre-arranged code to multiple comparators encodes
To obtain multiple encoded radios, multiple codings are successively determined according to the time sequencing for obtaining multiple encoded radios using processing unit
Target code value in value, and corresponding counter is controlled according to target code value and is counted, so as to realize pair
Pulse signal carries out the purpose of accurate counting, and then subsequent image quality can be improved, and may be implemented to believe according to pulse
Number amplitude size differential counting function.Furthermore, it is possible to accurately be identified according to the enumeration data of each counter output
Whether pulse signal generates pulse stacking event out.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate more clearly of embodiments herein or technical solution in the prior art, below will to embodiment or
Attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only
Some embodiments as described in this application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor property
It puts, is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the waveform diagram for the pulse signal of pulse stacking event occur；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a counting channel in a kind of pulse counting equipment that embodiments herein provides
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the waveform diagram of pulse signal to be processed；
Fig. 4 is the logical signal that multiple comparators are exported for the pulse signal in Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is the encoded radio that encoder is exported within multiple clock cycle.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in embodiments herein, the technical solution in embodiments herein is carried out clear
Chu is fully described by, it is clear that and described embodiment is only used for illustrating a part of the embodiment of the application, without
It is whole embodiments, it is undesirable that limitation scope of the present application or claims.Based on the embodiment in the application, ability
This all should belong in domain those of ordinary skill all other embodiment obtained without making creative work
Apply for the range of protection.
It should be noted that it can be arranged directly on another when element is referred to as on " setting exists " another element
On element or there may also be elements placed in the middle.When element is referred to as " connection/coupling " to another element, it be can be directly
Another element is connect/be coupled in succession or may be simultaneously present centering elements.Term as used herein " connection/coupling " can
To include electrical and/or mechanical-physical connection/coupling.Term as used herein "comprises/comprising" refers to feature, step or element
Presence, but the presence or addition of one or more other features, step or element is not precluded.Term as used herein
"and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and the technical field for belonging to the application
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.Term used herein is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment, and
It is not intended to limitation the application.
In addition, term " first ", " second " etc. are used for description purposes only pair similar with distinguishing in the description of the present application
As between the two and sequencing being not present, indication or suggestion relative importance can not be interpreted as.In addition, the application's
In description, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more.
Pulse signal involved in being described below can be detector in response to detect neutron ray, X-ray,
The radioactive rays such as gamma-rays, β ray and/or alpha ray and the electric signal generated, can also be that treated by amplifying circuit
Electric signal.In addition, the pulse signal is also possible to optical signal, voice signal etc..The amplitude of pulse signal can be voltage or electricity
Stream etc. is electrically worth, and is also possible to the magnetic values such as magnetic field strength.Correspondingly, predetermined amplitude threshold value can be electrical threshold value, for example, electric
Threshold value or current threshold are pressed, also can also be other threshold values, for example, the magnetism threshold value such as magnetic field strength.Predetermined amplitude threshold value can be with
It is to be also possible to come what is set according to the arteries and veins counted in advance according to the characteristic (for example, control level, impulse amplitude) of pulse signal
The amplitude empirical value of signal is rushed to set.
In addition, pulse signal is typically considered to be made of rising edge and failing edge, rising edge and failing edge are contained
The temporal information of pulse signal, and the amplitude variation of entire pulse signal contains the energy information of pulse.Due to most rapid pulse
The rising edge of each pulse signal and the still intact presence of failing edge in stacking event are rushed, therefore only needs to be performed pulse signal
The counting of rising edge or failing edge, that is, can determine whether pulse signal pulse stacking event occurs, and can obtain corresponding
Temporal information and amplitude information.On the other hand, since the tilde of pulse signal unifies fixed changing rule, can pass through
The count information of obtained pulse signal extrapolates the information of the pulse signal of remaining non-sampling section.Therefore, the application
In pulse counting equipment mainly the rising edge or failing edge of pulse signal are counted, thus realize to pulse stacking thing
The identification and recovery of part, and for the pulse signal for arteries and veins stacking event occur, the count accuracy of pulse signal can be improved.
The pulse counting equipment provided with reference to the accompanying drawing embodiments herein is described in detail.
As shown in Fig. 2, embodiments herein provides a kind of pulse counting equipment, which may include
At least one counting channel, each counting channel may each comprise sequentially connected multiple comparators 210, encoder 220, processing
Unit 230 and with the one-to-one multiple counters 240 of multiple comparators 210.Wherein, each comparator 210 can be matched
It is set to and the amplitude of acquired pulse signal is compared to corresponding predetermined amplitude threshold value and is exported instruction comparison result
Level signal；Encoder 220 can be configured as multiple comparators 210 are sent according to pre-arranged code mode level signal into
Row coding within multiple clock cycle to obtain multiple encoded radios；Processing unit 230 can be configured as according to the multiple volumes of acquisition
The time sequencing of code value successively determines the target code value in multiple encoded radios, and corresponding according to the control of target code value
Counter 240 is counted, wherein the target code value can be greater than or equal to the encoded radio of preset time with interval.Tool
Body:
In embodiments herein, each comparator 210 can be correspondingly arranged on a predetermined amplitude threshold value, and
Multiple predetermined amplitude threshold values corresponding to multiple comparators 210 are different.In addition, the type of multiple comparators 210 can be with
The amplitude of pulse signal is corresponding, can be voltage comparator or current comparator etc., also can also be other types of comparison
Device.The particular number of comparator 210 can select according to the actual situation, be not limited herein.
After obtaining pulse signal, multiple comparators 210 can respectively by the amplitude of the pulse signal with it is corresponding more
A predetermined amplitude threshold value is compared and exports corresponding level signal respectively.Specifically, when the amplitude for comparing pulse signal
When greater than its predetermined amplitude threshold value, which can produce edge transition, and can export significant level signal, for example,
1；When the amplitude for comparing pulse signal is less than its predetermined amplitude threshold value, which maintains current state, and can be defeated
Inactive level signal out, for example, 0.Here significant level signal can be high level or low level, correspondingly, inactive level
Signal can be low level or high level.For example, 4 comparators are (for example, first compares for pulse signal shown in Fig. 3
Device is to the 4th comparator) 210 it can export level signal as shown in Figure 4.
In embodiments herein, encoder 220 can be priority encoder, be also possible to other types of coding
Device.In addition, encoder 220 can be specifically configured to execute following operation: within each clock cycle all in accordance with it is multiple pre-
If the corresponding sequence of the size of amplitude threshold (has highest preferential that is, being provided with the comparator 210 of maximum preset amplitude threshold
Grade) priority encoding is carried out to the level signal that multiple comparators 210 are sent, and obtained encoded radio is sent to processing list
Member 230.For example, for corresponding to a comparator of N (N be greater than 1 positive integer) (that is, first comparator to N comparator) 210
Predetermined amplitude threshold value the case where being sequentially increased, when encoder 220 receives the significant level signal of the output of N comparator 210
When, which can export maximum encoded radio, i.e. N；When encoder 220 receives the inactive level of the output of N comparator 210
When the significant level signal that signal and N-1 comparator 210 export, which can be with exports coding value N-1；When the volume
Code device 220 receives the inactive level signal that N comparator 210 to third comparator 210 exports and the second comparator 210 is defeated
When significant level signal out, which can be with exports coding value 2；When the encoder 220 receives N comparator 210
When the significant level signal that the inactive level signal and first comparator 210 exported to the second comparator 210 exports, the coding
Device 220 can be with exports coding value 1；When the encoder 220 receive N comparator 210 to first comparator 210 export it is invalid
When level signal, which can be with exports coding value 0.For example, for level signal shown in Fig. 4, encoder 220
Multiple encoded radios as shown in Figure 5 can be exported.It, can should in addition, encoder 220 is every time after obtaining an encoded radio
Encoded radio is sent to processing unit 230 immediately.
Encoder 220 can also be specifically configured to execute following operation: to multiple comparisons within each clock cycle
The level signal that device 210 is sent is encoded respectively, and obtained all encoded radios for all level signals are added, and
And the encoded radio after will add up is sent to processing unit 230.For example, when encoder 220 receives the effective of the output of comparator 210
When level signal, which can be 1 by the significant level Signal coding of the comparator 210；When encoder 220 receives
To comparator 210 export inactive level signal when, which can be by the inactive level Signal coding of comparator 210
It is 0；Then a final coding can be obtained being added for all encoded radios of the level signal of all comparators 210
Value, and the encoded radio is sent to processing unit 230.
In embodiments herein, processing unit 230, which can be configured as, actively obtains multiple codings from encoder 220
Value, also can receive multiple encoded radios of 220 active transmission of encoder, then according to obtain the time sequencings of multiple encoded radios according to
Target code value in the secondary multiple encoded radios of determination, and corresponding counter is controlled according to target code value and is counted.
The target code value can refer to the maximum value in the every two encoded radio of the interval preset time in multiple encoded radios,
That is, local maxima encoded radio, can be greater than or equal to the encoded radio of preset time with interval.In multiple encoded radios of acquisition
There may be one or more target code values in the middle.Here two encoded radio interval preset times can refer to acquisition this two
A encoded radio is spaced preset time (for example, one or more clock cycle).That is, the two encoded radios are not respectively
It is obtained in the same clock cycle.When two encoded radios are only spaced a clock cycle, it is believed that work as in multiple encoded radios
In the two encoded radios be adjacent.When two encoded radio intervals multiple clock cycle, it is believed that work as in multiple encoded radios
In the two encoded radios be alternate.
Processing unit 230 can be specifically configured to execute following operation:
(1) determine whether the present encoding value in multiple encoded radios is target code value according to default method of determination.
Every time after obtaining the encoded radio that encoder 220 exports, processing unit 230 can be using the encoded radio as working as
Preceding encoded radio, and can determine whether the current encoded radio is target code value according to following default method of determination.
When the quantity of encoded radio is equal to 2, processing unit 230 can be carried out present encoding value and a upper encoded radio pair
Than, and the maximum value in the two encoded radios is determined as target code value.
When the quantity of encoded radio is greater than 2, processing unit 230 can calculate the current encoded radio according to following formula (1)
First derivative:
Yi=Xi+1-Xi (1)
Work as YiWhen equal to 0, in M encoded radio and present encoding can be calculated according to following formula (2)-(3) respectively
The first derivative of next encoded radio of value interval preset time and the second dervative of the current encoded radio:
Yi+1=Xi+2-Xi+1 (2)
Zi=Yi+1-Yi (3)
Wherein, Xi、Xi+1And Xi+2Respectively indicate two-by-two be spaced preset time a upper encoded radio (that is, i-th encoded radio),
Present encoding value (that is, i+1 encoded radio) and next encoded radio (that is, i-th+2 encoded radio), it is preferable that they are adjacent
Encoded radio, YiAnd Yi+1It respectively indicates and XiAnd Xi+1Corresponding first derivative, ZiExpression and XiCorresponding second dervative, i are positive whole
Number,
Work as ZiIt, can be by X when less than 0i+1It is determined as target code value；Work as ZiWhen more than or equal to 0, then continue to calculate next
The first derivative of a encoded radio, until determining target code value.
Work as YiGreater than 0 and Yi+1It, can be by X when less than 0i+1It is determined as target code value；
Work as YiWhen less than 0, can using with next encoded radio of present encoding value interval preset time as present encoding
Value simultaneously calculates its first derivative according to above-mentioned formula (1), until obtained first derivative is greater than or equal to 0.
(2) when determining present encoding value is target code value, corresponding counter 240 is controlled according to target code value
It is counted.
After determining target code value, processing unit 230 can control pair according to identified target code value
The counter answered is counted.Specifically:
In one embodiment of the application, when by Xi+1When being determined as target code value, if Xi+1For j, then processing unit
230 can control with the j counter (for example, the first counter to jth counter) in multiple counters 240 according to pre-designed
Number mode is counted, and the residual count device in multiple counters 240 keeps present count state (for example, initial count state
(for example, 0 or its count upper-limit)), wherein j predetermined amplitude threshold value corresponding to j counter is less than residual count device respectively
Corresponding predetermined amplitude threshold value, and j is positive integer.The default counting mode may include the current count shape in counter
On the basis of state plus or minus default value (for example, 1), it is also possible to other calculations, is not intended to be limited in any herein.
For example, first counter to four-counter can add one on the basis of present count state if j is 4
Or subtracting one, residual count device keeps present count state；If j is 3, the first counter to four-counter can be current
Add one on the basis of count status or subtract one, residual count device keeps present count state；If j is 2, the first counter and the
Two counters can add one on the basis of present count state or subtract one, and residual count device keeps present count state；If j is
1, then the first counter can add one on the basis of present count state or subtract one, and residual count device keeps current count shape
State.
In this counting mode, each counter records be amplitude be less than its corresponding to predetermined amplitude threshold value arteries and veins
Rush the number of signal.
In another embodiment of the application, determining target code value (for example, Xi+1) when, then processing unit 230 can
It is counted, is remained according to default counting mode with the counter corresponding with the target code value controlled in multiple counters
Remaining counter keeps present count state.For example, the first counter to the 4th meter being sequentially increased for its predetermined amplitude threshold value
Number device, however, it is determined that going out target code value is 3, then third counter can add one on the basis of present count state or subtract one,
First counter, the second counter and four-counter keep present count state.
In this counting mode, each counter records are pulse letter of the amplitude in corresponding amplitude threshold interval
Number number.For example, four-counter record is that predetermined amplitude threshold value of the amplitude corresponding to it and third counter institute are right
The number for the pulse signal between predetermined amplitude threshold value answered.The amplitude threshold interval can refer to two adjacent predetermined amplitudes
Interval between threshold value.
It should be noted that counter 240 can only carry out when present count state is the highest count upper-limit of counter
The countdowns mode such as subtraction can finally determine the counting of counter according to the numerical value to successively decrease.
(3) it is compiled in multiple encoded radios with next encoded radio of present encoding value interval preset time as current
The operation that code value, the above-mentioned determining target code value of repetition and control counter 240 are counted, until counter 240 is completed
Counting to acquired all pulse signals.
It, can will be in multiple encoded radios after controlling corresponding counter 240 according to present encoding value and being counted
With next encoded radio of present encoding value interval preset time as present encoding value, repeat aforesaid operations (1)-(2), directly
The counting to acquired all pulse signals is completed to counter 240.
In another embodiment of the application, processing unit 230 can be additionally configured to carry out all counters 240
Resetting is to make it restore to initial count state.Can before receiving encoded radio or after determining target code and
Before starting control counter 240 and being counted, processing unit 230 can be reset all counters, so that institute
Some counters 240 restore to initial count state.
In another embodiment of the application, processing unit 230 can be additionally configured to the meter exported according to counter 240
Number data against impulse signal carries out reconstruction processing.At this point, the pulse counting equipment may be used as rebuilding the device of pulse signal.
In embodiments herein, counter 240 be can be set in processing unit 230, also be can be set and is being handled
It the outside of unit 230 and is connect with processing unit 230.Counter 240 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with comparator 210, the two quantity
It is identical.Pulse signal is counted in addition, counter 240 can be configured as according to the control of processing unit 230, and
Recorded enumeration data can be saved, recorded enumeration data can also be output to the outside.
According to the enumeration data that each counter 240 is exported, each predetermined amplitude threshold value or each amplitude can be determined
The number of rising edge corresponding to threshold interval or failing edge may thereby determine that the number of acquired pulse signal.If more
The initial count of a counter 240 is 0, then the enumeration data that each counter 240 is exported is corresponding predetermined amplitude threshold
The number of pulse signal corresponding to value or corresponding amplitude threshold interval.If the initial count of multiple counters 240 is other
Numerical value then can subtract corresponding initial count (for incremental count by the enumeration data for being exported each counter 240
Mode) or the initial count of each counter 240 subtracted into the enumeration data (corresponding to countdown mode) that its is exported
To obtain the number of pulse signal corresponding to corresponding predetermined amplitude threshold value or corresponding amplitude threshold interval.In addition, may be used also
To select count number corresponding to different predetermined amplitude threshold values or corresponding amplitude threshold interval according to different application demands
According to.
In addition, comparator 210, encoder 220, processing unit 230 and counter 240 can be by independent electronics members
Device is constituted, and can also be realized by the logical resource in field programmable gate array (FPGA) chip.For the latter, in FPGA
Low-voltage differential signal (LVDS) interface can be used to implement the function of comparator 210, and internal logical resource realizes encoder
220, the function of processing unit 230 and counter 240 etc..
In another embodiment of the application, each counting channel can also include detector 200, can be with multiple ratios
It is connected compared with device 210, and can be configured as the radioactive ray in response to being detected and generate corresponding pulse signal.It visits
Surveying device 200 can be any detector that radioactive ray can be converted to pulse signal, for example, photodetector or radiation
Detector, wherein radiation detector may include semiconductor radiation detector (for example, CZD, CdTe), gas detector or sudden strain of a muscle
Bright detector (e.g., including scintillation crystal and photoelectric converter).
In another embodiment of the application, each counting channel can also include amplifying circuit (not shown),
It can be set between detector 200 and multiple comparators 210, and the pulse signal for adjusting the output of detector 200
Amplitude, polarity and/or width etc., and pulse signal adjusted is sent to multiple comparators 210.
In another embodiment of the application, each counting channel can also include clock source 250, can be configured as
There is provided synchronizing clock signals to encoder 220 and processing unit 230 so that encoder 220 and processing unit 230 according to it is default when
Clock frequency is operated.
By above description as can be seen that the pulse counting equipment that embodiments herein provides, which passes through, utilizes multiple comparisons
The amplitude of acquired pulse signal is compared by device with corresponding multiple predetermined amplitude threshold values respectively, and encoder is to multiple ratios
Level signal compared with device output is encoded to obtain multiple encoded radios, and processing unit is suitable according to the time for obtaining multiple encoded radios
Sequence successively determines the target code value in multiple encoded radios, and controls corresponding counter according to target code value and counted
Number can also improve subsequent image quality, and yet so as to realize the purpose for carrying out accurate counting to pulse signal
The differential counting function of the amplitude size according to pulse signal may be implemented.Furthermore, it is possible to the meter exported according to each counter
Data are counted accurately to identify whether pulse signal pulse stacking event occurs.In addition, the pulse counting equipment does not need mould
Quasi- digital quantizer (ADC), this can reduce cost and power consumption.
Embodiments herein additionally provides a kind of radiation detecting system, can be used for detecting various radioactive rays simultaneously
And can be imaged according to detection result, which may include the pulse counting equipment in above-described embodiment.
System, device, unit, device that above-described embodiment illustrates etc., specifically can be by semiconductor chip, computer chip
And/or entity is realized, or is realized by the product with certain function.For convenience of description, describe apparatus above when with
Function is divided into various units and device describes respectively.It certainly, when implementing the application can be real in same or multiple chips
The function of existing each unit and device.
All the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, same and similar portion between each embodiment
Dividing may refer to each other, and the highlights of each of the examples are differences from other embodiments.
Above-described embodiment be for convenient for those skilled in the art it will be appreciated that and being described using the application
's.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein
General Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the application is not limited to the above embodiments,
Those skilled in the art do not depart from improvement that the application scope is made and modification all should be in this Shens according to the announcement of the application
Within protection scope please.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of pulse counting equipment, which is characterized in that the pulse counting equipment includes at least one counting channel, each described
Counting channel includes:
Multiple comparators, each comparator are both configured to the amplitude of acquired pulse signal and corresponding default width
Degree threshold value is compared and exports the level signal of instruction comparison result；
Encoder is configured as within multiple clock cycle the electricity according to pre-arranged code mode to multiple comparator outputs
Ordinary mail number is encoded to obtain multiple encoded radios；
Processing unit is configured as successively determining multiple encoded radios according to the time sequencing for obtaining multiple encoded radios
Target code value in the middle, and corresponding counter is controlled according to the target code value and is counted, wherein the target
Encoded radio is greater than or equal to the encoded radio of preset time with interval.
2. pulse counting equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the encoder be specifically configured to execute with
Lower operation:
All in accordance with sequence corresponding with the size of multiple predetermined amplitude threshold values to multiple institutes within each clock cycle
The level signal for stating comparator output carries out priority encoding, and the obtained encoded radio is sent to the processing list
Member；Or
The level signal of multiple comparator outputs is encoded respectively within each clock cycle, it will be acquired
All encoded radios for all level signals be added, and the encoded radio after will add up be sent to it is described
Processing unit.
3. pulse counting equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the processing unit is specifically configured to execute
It operates below:
Determine whether the present encoding value in multiple encoded radios is the target code value according to default method of determination；
When determining the present encoding value is target code value, according to the target code value control the corresponding counter into
Row counts；Using in multiple encoded radios with next encoded radio of present encoding value interval preset time as institute
Present encoding value is stated, above-mentioned determining target code value is repeated and controls the operation that the counter is counted, until described
Counter completes the counting to acquired all pulse signals.
4. pulse counting equipment according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the processing unit is also specifically configured to hold
The following operation of row:
When the quantity of the encoded radio is 2, present encoding value and a upper encoded radio are compared, and described current
Maximum value in encoded radio and a upper encoded radio is determined as the target code value；
When the quantity of the encoded radio is greater than 2, the target code value is determined in the following way；
The first derivative of the present encoding value in multiple encoded radios is calculated according to following formula (1):
Yi=Xi+1-Xi(1)；
Work as YiWhen equal to 0, respectively according to following formula (2)-(3) calculate in multiple encoded radios with the present encoding
The first derivative of next encoded radio of value interval preset time and the second dervative of the present encoding value:
Yi+1=Xi+2-Xi+1 (2)
Zi=Yi+1-Yi (3)
Wherein, Xi、Xi+1And Xi+2It respectively indicates and is spaced the upper encoded radio of preset time, present encoding value and next two-by-two
Encoded radio, YiAnd Yi+1It respectively indicates and XiAnd Xi+1Corresponding first derivative, ZiExpression and XiCorresponding second dervative, i are positive whole
Number, and
Work as ZiWhen less than 0, by Xi+1It is determined as the target code value；
Work as YiGreater than 0 and Yi+1When less than 0, by Xi+1It is determined as the target code value.
5. pulse counting equipment according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the processing unit is also specifically configured to hold
The following operation of row:
When by Xi+1When being determined as the target code value, if Xi+1For j, then control and j counting in multiple counters
Device is counted according to default counting mode, and the residual count device in multiple counters keeps present count state, wherein
J predetermined amplitude threshold value corresponding to j counter be less than residual count device respectively corresponding to predetermined amplitude threshold value, and j
For positive integer.
6. pulse counting equipment according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the processing unit is also specifically configured to hold
The following operation of row:
Control a counter corresponding with the present encoding value in multiple counters according to default counting mode into
Row counts, and residual count device keeps present count state.
7. pulse counting equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the processing unit is additionally configured to according to more
The enumeration data of a counter output carries out reconstruction processing to the pulse signal.
8. pulse counting equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each counting channel further include:
Detector is connect with multiple comparators, and is configured to respond to detected radioactive ray and is produced
The raw corresponding pulse signal.
9. pulse counting equipment according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the detector includes photodetector or spoke
Penetrate detector.
10. pulse counting equipment according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the radiation detector includes semiconductor spoke
Penetrate detector, gas detector or scintillation detector.
11. pulse counting equipment according to claim 8, which is characterized in that each counting channel further include:
Amplifying circuit is arranged between the detector and multiple comparators, and is configured as adjusting the detection
Amplitude, polarity and/or the width of the pulse signal of device output, and the pulse signal adjusted is sent to multiple
The comparator.
12. pulse counting equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each counting channel further include:
Clock source is configured as providing synchronizing clock signals to the encoder and the processing unit, so that the coding
Device and the processing unit are operated according to default clock frequency.
13. pulse counting equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the comparator include voltage comparator or
Current comparator, the encoder include priority encoder.
14. pulse counting equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the counter setting is single in the processing
It is connect in first or with the processing unit, and corresponding with multiple comparators.
15. -14 described in any item pulse counting equipments according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the comparator, the volume
Code device, the processing unit and the counter are made of independent electronic component, or by patrolling in fpga chip
Resource is collected to realize.
16. a kind of radiation detecting system, which is characterized in that the radiation detecting system includes any one of claim 1-15 institutes
The pulse counting equipment stated.
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| CN110456404A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-15 | 苏州瑞迈斯医疗科技有限公司 | Radiation detector assembly and imaging system |
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