CN109932649B - Method for monitoring power generation efficiency of thermal power generating unit - Google Patents
Method for monitoring power generation efficiency of thermal power generating unit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for monitoring the generating efficiency of a thermal power generating unit. At present, the circulating water operation parameters are difficult to accurately measure, so that the calculated power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit is inaccurate. The technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps: measuring the operation parameters of the dust-containing wet flue gas, and calculating the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas according to the operation parameters of the dust-containing wet flue gas; measuring circulating water operation parameters, and calculating the heat loss of the circulating water according to the circulating water operation parameters; obtaining active power, unit heat dissipation loss and external heat; calculating the generating efficiency according to the active power, the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas, the heat loss of circulating water, the heat dissipation loss of the unit and the external heat; the circulating water operation parameters comprise cold circulating water temperature, hot circulating water temperature and hot circulating water flow, and the circulating water operation parameters are measured by a circulating water monitoring system. According to the method, the circulating water operation parameters are accurately measured through the circulating water monitoring system, and the accuracy of calculation of the power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power generating unit energy efficiency calculation, and particularly relates to a method for monitoring the generating efficiency of a thermal power generating unit.
Background
The energy input of the thermal power generating unit comes from fuel and external heat, the effective energy output is the active power of the generator, and the rest energy is heat loss. The ratio of active power to energy input is called as the generating efficiency of the thermal power generating unit, and the generating efficiency can be indirectly obtained and monitored by measuring the heat loss, so that the operating economy of the thermal power generating unit is known.
The main heat loss is heat loss of dry flue gas, heat loss of moisture in the flue gas, heat loss of fly ash in the flue gas, heat loss of CO in the flue gas, heat loss of slag, heat loss of circulating water and heat dissipation loss of a unit, and the secondary heat loss comprises heat loss of sewage discharge, heat loss of chemical sampling, heat loss of drainage and heat loss of steam water leakage. Each item of the secondary heat loss generally only occurs in the starting and stopping stage of the unit, the duration is short, and the occupied proportion is small and can be ignored. The proportion of each main heat loss is large, and the real power generation efficiency can be obtained only by accurately measuring.
The main problem that can not accurately measure exists at present is circulating water system: the circulating water outlet pipeline collects branch incoming flows with different temperatures, so that the temperature in the outlet pipeline is layered, and meanwhile, the pipe diameter of the circulating water pipeline is too large, so that the flow field in the pipeline is uneven, and the running parameters of the circulating water are difficult to accurately measure.
In addition, the heat loss of the dry flue gas, the heat loss of water in the flue gas, the heat loss of fly ash in the flue gas and the heat loss of CO in the flue gas are all discharged out of the unit boundary by taking the flue gas as a carrier, and are all related to the operating parameters of the flue gas. Under the influence of the air leakage of the rotary air preheater, the distribution of a flow field, a temperature field, smoke concentration and smoke components at the outlet of the air preheater in a flue is often too uneven, and the accurate measurement of various smoke operation parameters can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a method for monitoring the power generation efficiency of a thermal power generating unit.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for monitoring the generating efficiency of a thermal power generating unit comprises the following steps: measuring the operation parameters of the dust-containing wet flue gas, and calculating the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas according to the operation parameters of the dust-containing wet flue gas; measuring circulating water operation parameters, and calculating the heat loss of the circulating water according to the circulating water operation parameters; obtaining active power, unit heat dissipation loss and external heat; calculating the generating efficiency according to the active power, the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas, the heat loss of circulating water, the heat dissipation loss of the unit and the external heat;
the circulating water operation parameters comprise cold circulating water temperature, hot circulating water temperature and hot circulating water flow, and the circulating water operation parameters are measured by a circulating water monitoring system;
the circulating water monitoring system comprises a cold circulating water pipe, a hot circulating water pipe, a water distribution box, a branch water pipe, a water collection box and a drain pipe; circulating water flows into a user system from a cold circulating water pipe, flows out of a hot circulating water pipe after the temperature is raised, then sequentially enters a water distribution box, a branch water box and a water collecting box, and finally is discharged from a water discharge pipe;
an online circulating water temperature measuring device is arranged on the cold circulating water pipe;
the water distribution box is provided with 1 water inlet and n water outlets, the water inlet is connected with the thermal circulation water pipe, and the water outlet is connected with the branch water pipe;
the water collecting tank is provided with n water inlets and 1 water outlet, the water inlets are connected with the branch water pipes, and the water outlets are connected with the drain pipes;
the pipe diameters of all the branch water pipes are the same, the total flow area of all the branch water pipes is equal to the sectional area of the thermal circulation water pipe, and an online circulating water temperature measuring device and an online circulating water flow measuring device are installed on each branch water pipe.
Further, the heat loss of the circulating water is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, HxhIs the circulating water heat loss, kW;
Vx"h,ithe flow rate of circulating water in a branch water pipe is directly measured by an on-line circulating water flow measuring device, m3/s；
ρ"xh,iIs a branch water pipe internal circulationThe density of circulating water is obtained by looking up a table or calculating according to the temperature of circulating water in the branch water pipe, and is kg/m3；
cp"xh,iThe specific constant pressure heat capacity of the circulating water in the branch water pipe is obtained by looking up a table or calculating according to the temperature of the circulating water in the branch water pipe, and kJ/kg DEG C;
t"xh,ithe temperature of circulating water in a branch water pipe is directly measured by an online circulating water temperature measuring device;
ρ'xhis the circulating water density in the cold circulating water pipe, and is obtained by table look-up or calculation according to the circulating water temperature in the cold circulating water pipe, kg/m3；
cp'xhThe specific constant pressure heat capacity of the circulating water in the cold circulating water pipe is obtained by looking up a table or calculating according to the temperature of the circulating water in the cold circulating water pipe, and kJ/kg DEG C;
t'xhthe temperature of circulating water in a cold circulating water pipe is directly measured by an on-line circulating water temperature measuring device.
Furthermore, the operation parameters of the dust-containing wet flue gas comprise the concentration of the smoke dust, the carbon content of the fly ash, the temperature of the flue gas, the components of the flue gas and the flow rate of the flue gas; an online smoke concentration measuring device and an online fly ash carbon content measuring device are installed on each inlet smoke channel of the dust remover, online smoke temperature and online smoke component measuring devices are installed on inlet flues of an induced draft fan A and an induced draft fan B, and online smoke flow measuring devices are installed on outlet combined flues of the induced draft fan A and the induced draft fan B. Through the arrangement, the operation parameters of the dust-containing wet flue gas can be accurately measured, and the accuracy of calculation of the power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit is further improved.
Further, the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas comprises heat loss of dry flue gas, heat loss of moisture in the flue gas, heat loss of fly ash, heat loss of CO in the flue gas and heat loss of slag, wherein the combined conversion of the heat loss of fly ash and the heat loss of slag is 1.1 times of the heat loss of fly ash, and the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, HpyIs the heat loss of the wet flue gas containing dust, kW;
Vpyis the flue gas flow, which is directly measured by the on-line flue gas flow measuring device, m3/s；
tpyThe flue gas temperature is measured by the on-line flue gas temperature measuring device, and the average value of the measured values is taken at DEG C;
tretaking the temperature to be 25 ℃;
cppyis the temperature treTo tpyThe average specific constant pressure heat capacity is obtained by looking up a table or calculating according to smoke components, kJ/m3·℃；
ωfhis the smoke concentration, is measured by an on-line smoke concentration measuring device, and the average value of the measured values is taken, g/m3；
αfhThe carbon content of the fly ash is measured by an online fly ash carbon content measuring device, and the average value,%, of the measured values is taken;
Qcis the lower calorific value of carbon, fixed value, kJ/kg;
ωCOis the volume percentage of the flue gas component CO, is measured by an on-line flue gas component measuring device and is obtained by weighted average according to the current of an induced draft fan.
Further, the heat dissipation loss of the unit is calculated according to the following formula:
Hsr＝∑hc,iAiΔti，
in the formula, HsrIs unit heat dissipation loss, kW;
hc,iis the convection heat transfer coefficient of key equipment, and can be obtained by inquiring a related heat transfer calculation manual which is published, namely kW/m2·℃；
AiIs the surface area of key equipment, can be directly measured on site, and m2；
ΔtiIs the temperature difference between the surface of the key equipment and the environment, m2。
Further, the method for measuring the temperature difference between the critical equipment surface and the environment comprises the following steps: selecting a boiler body, a steam turbine body, high-temperature auxiliary equipment, a high-temperature steam pipeline and a high-temperature smoke and air pipeline as key equipment, installing an online temperature measuring device near the surface of the key equipment, and measuring the surface temperature of the equipment; installing an atmospheric temperature measuring device near the key equipment, and measuring the ambient temperature near the key equipment; the temperature difference is calculated from the surface temperature of the critical equipment and the ambient temperature.
Further, the external heat is divided into three types, namely heat brought by steam outside the boundary, heat brought by a driving motor inside the boundary and physical sensible heat of material flow at the boundary, and is calculated according to the following formula:
Hfj＝Vfjst(h'fjst-h"fjst)+∑μiPfj,i+Bcpm(ta-tre)+Vacpa(ta-tre)，
in the formula, HfjIs added heat quantity, kW;
Vfjstthe flow of the steam from the outside of the boundary is directly measured by an online flow measuring device, in kg/s;
h'fjstis the initial enthalpy of the steam from outside the boundary, kJ/kg;
h"fjstis the hydrophobic enthalpy of the steam from outside the boundary, kJ/kg;
Pfj,iis the electrical power, kW, of the drive motor within the boundary;
μithe electric energy of a driving motor in the boundary is partially converted into the share of the material flow to be conveyed in the working process, and the experience value is taken as percent;
b is total fuel quantity, which is directly measured by an on-line fuel metering device and is kg/s;
tmthe temperature of the fuel entering the boundary is directly measured by an online temperature measuring device to obtain the temperature in DEG C;
cpmis the temperature tmTo treThe average specific constant pressure heat capacity of the fuel can be obtained by inquiring a related thermal calculation manual disclosed, and kJ/kg DEG C;
Vais the combustion air flow entering the boundary, measured directly by an on-line flow measuring device, m3/s；
taThe temperature of the combustion air entering the boundary is measured by an on-line temperature measuring device to obtain the temperature in DEG C;
cpais the temperature taTo treThe average ratio of air to constant pressure heat capacity can be obtained by inquiring an open thermodynamic calculation manual, kJ/m3·℃。
Furthermore, the surface of the thermal circulation water pipe is insulated, so that heat loss is avoided.
Furthermore, the surface of the water distribution box is insulated, so that heat loss is avoided.
Furthermore, the surface of the branch water pipe is insulated, so that heat loss is avoided.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the method, the circulating water operation parameters are accurately measured through the circulating water monitoring system, so that the accuracy of calculation of the power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit is effectively improved; according to the invention, the operation parameters of the dust-containing wet flue gas are accurately measured, so that the accuracy of calculation of the power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a power generation efficiency monitoring method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a system for monitoring operating parameters of wet dust-laden flue gas according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a circulating water operation parameter monitoring system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention provides a method for monitoring the generating efficiency of a thermal power generating unit, which comprises the following steps: measuring the operation parameters of the dust-containing wet flue gas, and calculating the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas according to the operation parameters of the dust-containing wet flue gas; measuring circulating water operation parameters, and calculating the heat loss of the circulating water according to the circulating water operation parameters; obtaining active power, unit heat dissipation loss and external heat; and calculating the generating efficiency according to the active power, the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas, the heat loss of circulating water, the heat dissipation loss of the unit and the external heat.
The operation parameters of the dust-containing wet flue gas comprise the concentration of the flue dust, the carbon content of fly ash, the temperature of the flue gas, the components of the flue gas and the flow rate of the flue gas; as shown in fig. 2, an online smoke concentration measuring device and an online fly ash carbon content measuring device are installed on inlet flue gas channels of a dust remover a and a dust remover B, an online flue gas temperature and online flue gas component measuring device is installed on inlet flue gas channels of an induced draft fan a and an induced draft fan B, and an online flue gas flow measuring device is installed on a combined flue gas channel of outlets of the induced draft fan a and the induced draft fan B.
Specifically, the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas can be calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, HpyIs the heat loss of the wet flue gas containing dust, kW;
Vpyis the flue gas flow, which is directly measured by the on-line flue gas flow measuring device, m3/s；
tpyThe flue gas temperature is measured by the on-line flue gas temperature measuring device, and the average value of the measured values is taken at DEG C;
tretaking the temperature to be 25 ℃;
cppyis the temperature treTo tpyThe average specific constant pressure heat capacity is obtained by looking up a table or calculating according to smoke components, kJ/m3·℃；
ωfhis the smoke concentration, is measured by an on-line smoke concentration measuring device, and the average value of the measured values is taken, g/m3；
QcIs the lower calorific value of carbon, kJ/kg;
ωCOis the volume percentage of the flue gas component CO, is measured by an on-line flue gas component measuring device and is obtained by weighted average according to the current of an induced draft fan.
αfhThe carbon content of the fly ash is measured by an online fly ash carbon content measuring device, and the average value,%, of the measured values is taken;
specifically, the circulating water operation parameters comprise cold circulating water temperature, hot circulating water temperature and hot circulating water flow, and the circulating water operation parameters are measured by a circulating water monitoring system; as shown in fig. 3, the circulating water monitoring system includes a cold circulating water pipe, a hot circulating water pipe, a water distribution box, a branch water pipe, a water collection box, and a water discharge pipe; circulating water flows into a user system from a cold circulating water pipe, flows out of a hot circulating water pipe after the temperature is raised, then sequentially enters a water distribution box, a branch water box and a water collecting box, and finally is discharged from a water discharge pipe; an online circulating water temperature measuring device is arranged on the cold circulating water pipe; the surface of the thermal circulation water pipe is insulated; the water distribution box is provided with 1 water inlet and n water outlets, the water inlets are connected with the thermal circulation water pipe, the water outlets are connected with the branch water pipe, and the surface of the water distribution box is insulated; the water collecting tank is provided with n water inlets and 1 water outlet, the water inlets are connected with the branch water pipes, and the water outlets are connected with the water discharging pipes; the surface of the branch water pipe is insulated, the pipe diameters of the branch water pipes are the same, the total flow area of the branch water pipes is equal to the sectional area of the thermal circulation water pipe, and an online circulation water temperature measuring device and an online circulation water flow measuring device are installed on each branch water pipe.
The heat loss of the circulating water is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, HxhIs the circulating water heat loss, kW;
V"xh,ithe flow rate of circulating water in a branch water pipe is directly measured by an on-line circulating water flow measuring device, m3/s；
ρ"xh,iIs the internal circulating water density of the branch water pipe, which is obtained by table look-up or calculation according to the internal circulating water temperature of the branch water pipe, kg/m3；
cp"xh,iThe specific constant pressure heat capacity of the circulating water in the branch water pipe is obtained by looking up a table or calculating according to the temperature of the circulating water in the branch water pipe, and kJ/kg DEG C;
t"xh,ithe temperature of circulating water in a branch water pipe is directly measured by an online circulating water temperature measuring device;
ρ'xhis the circulating water density in the cold circulating water pipe, and is obtained by table look-up or calculation according to the circulating water temperature in the cold circulating water pipe, kg/m3；
cp'xhThe specific constant pressure heat capacity of the circulating water in the cold circulating water pipe is obtained by looking up a table or calculating according to the temperature of the circulating water in the cold circulating water pipe, and kJ/kg DEG C;
t'xhthe temperature of circulating water in a cold circulating water pipe is directly measured by an on-line circulating water temperature measuring device.
Specifically, the heat dissipation loss of the unit is calculated according to the following formula:
Hsr＝∑hc,iAiΔti
in the formula, HsrIs unit heat dissipation loss, kW;
hc,iis the convection heat transfer coefficient of key equipment, and can be obtained by inquiring the published related heat transfer calculation manual, kW/m2·℃；
AiIs the surface area of key equipment, can be directly measured on site, and m2；
ΔtiIs the temperature difference between the surface of the key equipment and the environment, m2。
Specifically, the method for measuring the temperature difference between the surface of the key device and the environment comprises the following steps: selecting equipment with higher surface temperature as key equipment, such as a boiler body, a steam turbine body, high-temperature auxiliary equipment, a high-temperature steam pipeline and a high-temperature flue gas and air pipeline; installing an online temperature measuring device near the surface of the key equipment to measure the surface temperature of the equipment; installing an atmospheric temperature measuring device near the key equipment, and measuring the ambient temperature near the key equipment; the temperature difference is calculated from the surface temperature of the critical equipment and the ambient temperature.
Specifically, the external heating capacity can be divided into three types, namely the heat brought by the steam outside the boundary, the heat brought by the driving motor inside the boundary, and the physical sensible heat of the material flow at the boundary, and is calculated according to the following formula:
Hfj＝Vfjst(h'fjst-h"fjst)+∑μiPfj,i+Bcpm(ta-tre)+Vacpa(ta-tre)
in the formula, HfjIs added heat quantity, kW;
Vfjstthe flow of the steam from the outside of the boundary is directly measured by an online flow measuring device, in kg/s;
h'fjstis the initial enthalpy of the steam from outside the boundary, kJ/kg;
h"fjstis the hydrophobic enthalpy of the steam from outside the boundary, kJ/kg;
Pfj,iis the electrical power, kW, of the drive motor within the boundary;
μithe electric energy of a driving motor in the boundary is partially converted into the share of the material flow to be conveyed in the working process, and the experience value is taken as percent;
b is total fuel quantity, which is directly measured by an on-line fuel metering device and is kg/s;
tmthe temperature of the fuel entering the boundary is directly measured by an online temperature measuring device to obtain the temperature in DEG C;
cpmis the temperature tmTo treThe average specific constant pressure heat capacity of the fuel can be obtained by inquiring a related thermal calculation manual disclosed, and kJ/kg DEG C;
Vais the combustion air flow entering the boundary, measured directly by an on-line flow measuring device, m3/s；
taThe temperature of the combustion air entering the boundary is measured by an on-line temperature measuring device to obtain the temperature in DEG C;
cpais the temperature taTo treThe average ratio of air to constant pressure heat capacity can be obtained by inquiring an open thermodynamic calculation manual, kJ/m3·℃。
The foregoing detailed description is intended to illustrate and not limit the invention, which is intended to be within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, and any changes and modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be covered by the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for monitoring the generating efficiency of a thermal power generating unit is characterized by comprising the following steps: measuring the operation parameters of the dust-containing wet flue gas, and calculating the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas according to the operation parameters of the dust-containing wet flue gas; measuring circulating water operation parameters, and calculating the heat loss of the circulating water according to the circulating water operation parameters; obtaining active power, unit heat dissipation loss and external heat; calculating the generating efficiency according to the active power, the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas, the heat loss of circulating water, the heat dissipation loss of the unit and the external heat;
the circulating water operation parameters comprise cold circulating water temperature, hot circulating water temperature and hot circulating water flow, and the circulating water operation parameters are measured by a circulating water monitoring system;
the circulating water monitoring system comprises a cold circulating water pipe, a hot circulating water pipe, a water distribution box, a branch water pipe, a water collection box and a drain pipe; circulating water flows into a user system from a cold circulating water pipe, flows out of a hot circulating water pipe after the temperature is raised, then sequentially enters a water distribution box, a branch water box and a water collecting box, and finally is discharged from a water discharge pipe;
an online circulating water temperature measuring device is arranged on the cold circulating water pipe;
the water distribution box is provided with 1 water inlet and n water outlets, the water inlet is connected with the thermal circulation water pipe, and the water outlet is connected with the branch water pipe;
the water collecting tank is provided with n water inlets and 1 water outlet, the water inlets are connected with the branch water pipes, and the water outlets are connected with the drain pipes;
the pipe diameters of all the branch water pipes are the same, the total flow area of all the branch water pipes is equal to the sectional area of the thermal circulation water pipe, and an online circulating water temperature measuring device and an online circulating water flow measuring device are installed on each branch water pipe;
the heat loss of the circulating water is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, HxhIs the heat loss of circulating water, and the unit is kW;
V″xh，ithe flow rate of the circulating water in the branch water pipe is directly measured by an on-line circulating water flow measuring device, and the unit is m3/s；
ρ″xh,iThe density of circulating water in the branch water pipe is kg/m3；
cp″xh,iThe specific constant pressure heat capacity of circulating water in the branch water pipe is expressed in kJ/kg DEG C;
t"xh，ithe temperature of circulating water in a branch water pipe is directly measured by an online circulating water temperature measuring device, and the unit is;
ρ′xhis the density of the circulating water in the cold circulating water pipe, and the unit is kg/m3；
cp'xhThe specific constant pressure heat capacity of circulating water in a cold circulating water pipe is expressed in kJ/kg DEG C;
t'xhthe temperature of circulating water in a cold circulating water pipe is controlled by on-line circulationThe water temperature measurement was measured directly in degrees celsius.
2. The method for monitoring the power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein the operating parameters of the wet flue gas containing dust comprise smoke concentration, carbon content of fly ash, flue gas temperature, flue gas components and flue gas flow; an online smoke concentration measuring device and an online fly ash carbon content measuring device are installed on each inlet smoke channel of the dust remover, online smoke temperature and online smoke component measuring devices are installed on inlet flues of an induced draft fan A and an induced draft fan B, and online smoke flow measuring devices are installed on outlet combined flues of the induced draft fan A and the induced draft fan B.
3. The method for monitoring the power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas comprises heat loss of dry flue gas, heat loss of moisture in flue gas, heat loss of fly ash, heat loss of CO in flue gas and heat loss of slag, wherein the heat loss of fly ash and the heat loss of slag are combined and converted into 1.1 times of heat loss of fly ash, and the heat loss of the dust-containing wet flue gas is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, HpyThe heat loss of the wet flue gas containing dust is kW;
Vpyis the flue gas flow which is directly measured by the on-line flue gas flow measuring device and has the unit of m3/s；
tpyThe flue gas temperature is measured by the on-line flue gas temperature measuring device, and the average value of the measured values is taken, wherein the unit is;
tretaking the temperature to be 25 ℃;
cppyis the temperature treTo tpyHas an average specific constant heat capacity in kJ/m3·℃；
ωfhis the smoke concentration, is measured by an on-line smoke concentration measuring device, and the average value of the measured values is taken, and the unit is g/m3；
αfhThe carbon content of the fly ash is measured by an online fly ash carbon content measuring device, and the average value of the measured values is taken, wherein the unit is;
Qcis the lower calorific value of carbon, and the unit is kJ/kg;
ωCOis the volume percentage of the flue gas component CO, is measured by an on-line flue gas component measuring device and is obtained by weighted average according to the current of an induced draft fan, and the unit is percent.
4. The method for monitoring the power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein the unit heat dissipation loss is calculated according to the following formula:
Hsr＝∑hc,iAiΔti，
in the formula, HsrThe unit heat dissipation loss is kW;
hc,iis the convection heat transfer coefficient of key equipment, and the unit is kW/m2·℃；
AiIs the surface area of key equipment, and is obtained by direct measurement on site and has the unit of m2；
ΔtiIs the temperature difference between the surface of the key equipment and the environment, and the unit is m2。
5. The method for monitoring the power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 4, wherein the method for measuring the temperature difference between the surface of the key equipment and the environment comprises the following steps: selecting a boiler body, a steam turbine body, high-temperature auxiliary equipment, a high-temperature steam pipeline and a high-temperature smoke and air pipeline as key equipment, installing an online temperature measuring device near the surface of the key equipment, and measuring the surface temperature of the equipment; installing an atmospheric temperature measuring device near the key equipment, and measuring the ambient temperature near the key equipment; the temperature difference is calculated from the surface temperature of the critical equipment and the ambient temperature.
6. The method for monitoring the power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit as recited in claim 1, wherein the external heat is divided into three types, namely heat brought by steam outside the boundary, heat brought by a driving motor inside the boundary and physical sensible heat of material flow at the boundary, and is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, HfjIs the external heat quantity, the unit is kW;
Vfjstthe flow of the steam from the outside of the boundary is directly measured by an online flow measuring device, and the unit is kg/s;
h'fjstis the initial enthalpy of the steam from outside the boundary, in kJ/kg;
h"fjstis the hydrophobic enthalpy of the steam from outside the boundary, with kJ/kg;
Pfj,iis the electrical power of the drive motor within the boundary, in kW;
μithe part of the electric energy of the driving motor in the boundary in the working process is converted into the share of the material flow to be conveyed, and the empirical value is taken, and the unit is;
b is total fuel quantity, which is directly measured by an on-line fuel metering device and has the unit of kg/s;
cpmis the temperature tmTo treThe average specific constant pressure heat capacity of the fuel is expressed by kJ/kg DEG C;
tmis the temperature of the fuel at the entry boundaryDirectly measured by an on-line temperature measuring device, and the unit is;
tretaking the temperature to be 25 ℃;
Vais the combustion air flow entering the boundary, measured directly by an on-line flow measuring device, in m3/s；
taThe temperature of combustion air entering the boundary is measured by an online temperature measuring device and is measured in units of temperature;
cpais the temperature taTo treThe average ratio of air to constant pressure heat capacity, unit is kJ/m3·℃。
7. The method for monitoring the power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the thermal circulation water pipe is insulated.
8. The method for monitoring the power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the water diversion box is insulated.
9. The method for monitoring the power generation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the branch water pipe is insulated.
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| CN111507624B (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2023-07-25 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method and device for acquiring boiler efficiency of thermal power plant |
| CN111982371B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2021-10-08 | 稳力(广东)科技有限公司 | Efficiency measuring method for permanent magnet motor of ultra-high-speed oil-free air compressor |
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