CN109930633A - Indoor model stake, pilot system and the method for outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile - Google Patents
Indoor model stake, pilot system and the method for outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of indoor model stakes of outer frictional resistance distribution in measurement large diameter steel pipe pile, pilot system and method, the indoor model stake includes pile cover, inner tube, outer tube, stake top end ring, stake bottom end ring, foil gauge and row's formula conducting wire, which employs the forms of double-walled stake, the interior of large diameter steel pipe pile Model Pile can accurately be obtained, distribution of the outer frictional resistance along pile body, it provides test data for the performance mechanism for studying large diameter steel pipe pile vertical carrying capacity and the design method for improving large diameter steel pipe pile and supports, so that large diameter steel pipe pile vertical carrying capacity is accurately calculated, reduce the steel using amount of Practical Project, bring very big economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to it is a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile in outer frictional resistance distribution indoor model stake, pilot system and
Method belongs to deep water foundation engineering field.
Background technique
Multiple steel-pipe pile single-pile foundation is a kind of important foundation form of offshore wind farm.With the construction area of offshore wind farm engineering
The domain depth of water gradually increases and blower sizes continue to increase, single-pile foundation by original small diameter steel pipe piles be developing progressively for
Major diameter and super-large diameter steel-pipe pile show the development trend of enlargement, and single-pile foundation diameter has had reached 8m at present.
Existing specification (API) is proposed on the basis of small diameter steel pipe piles, due to the soil plug occlusion effect of small diameter steel pipe piles
The case where entirely shutting should obviously and be often showed, when calculating the vertical bearing capacity of steel-pipe pile, API specification uses outside
The method that frictional resistance adds end resistance, it may be assumed that
Qu=Qf+Qp=f × As+q×Ap
Steel-pipe pile diameter increase so that stake in penetration process soil plug black-out effect weaken, the pile pipe of large diameter steel pipe pile with
The effect of native stake earth cooperation is much smaller than small diameter steel pipe piles in stake, and soil does not entirely shut in stake at this time, therefore vertical carrying
Power cannot simply regard outer frictional resistance and the two-part superposition of end resistance as, and should be outer frictional resistance, annular section end
The superposition of resistance and inside sliding block.Therefore the existing design method proposed for small diameter steel pipe piles is poorly suited for use in
Large diameter steel pipe pile, frequently results in that vertical bearing capacity calculated result is less than normal, practical steel using amount increases, and causes very big economic damage
It becomes estranged the wasting of resources.Therefore, there is an urgent need to one kind can calculate major diameter and super-large diameter steel pipe pile vertical carrying capacity well
Design method, this just needs to probe into the distribution of large diameter steel pipe pile medial and lateral frictional resistance by indoor model test means
And accounting of the medial and lateral frictional resistance in total bearing capacity.The interior for the measurement steel pipe pile side friction being generally used at present
Model test method is that the lateral surface along pile body axial direction in stake arranges a certain number of foil gauges, is measured pair by foil gauge
Answer the axle power in section, then the difference of the axle power of adjacent sections is the side friction that this section of stake is subject between two sections, but this
Kind of method there is a problem of one very big, i.e., for the pile body part that soil is filled in altitude range, the side friction measured is
The sum of medial and lateral frictional resistance both can not determine respectively along the distribution of pile body and relative size, and lacking due to test method
Fall into, can also be taken a substantial amount of time and energy in terms of the cabling of connection foil gauge conducting wire, thus need it is a kind of it is new can be convenient
The indoor model stake pilot system and test method of outer frictional resistance in large diameter steel pipe pile are measured, difficult point therein is just interior
The measurement of side friction, can be convenient there is presently no a kind of effective method and accurately measures in large diameter steel pipe pile
Side friction.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide outside frictional resistances in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile
Indoor model stake, pilot system and the method for power distribution have conveniently compared to the method being generally used at present
Advantage can save a large amount of time and efforts, and can respectively obtain medial and lateral frictional resistance along the distribution of pile body and big
It is small.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The indoor model stake of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile, including pile cover, inner tube, outer tube,
Stake top end ring, stake bottom end ring, foil gauge and row's formula conducting wire；
Said inner tube, the hollow body that outer tube is equal length coaxial arrangement, stake top end ring and stake is respectively set in both ends
Pile cover is arranged in stake top end ring side in bottom end ring, and pile cover (inside) side is formed with the slot of stake top end ring insertion；
It is respectively arranged on the outer tube, stake top end ring and pile cover positioned at opposite side, the notch features to coincide, outer tube notch
It is located at the stake top end ring between stake top end ring insertion inner tube, outer tube positioned at one side end of outer tube, stake top end ring notch
On positioning ring, pile cover notch be located at the two sides of the pile cover slot；
Said inner tube outer wall 2 column foil gauges of axially opposed setting, said inner tube outer wall be arranged 2 groups respectively with each foil gauge
Phase platoon formula conducting wire, the upper end of row's formula conducting wire are pierced by by the notch features；The axially opposed setting 2 of outer tube outer wall
2 groups of row's formula conducting wires being connected respectively with each foil gauge are arranged in column foil gauge, the outer tube outer wall.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, air hole is formed in the middle part of the pile cover.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, radial translot is formed on the pile cover outer surface.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the stake top end ring is by stake top end ring stress ring and stake top end ring positioning ring two parts knot
Structure is constituted, and between the inner and outer pipe sections, two sides are formed with stake top end ring notch for the stake top end ring positioning ring installation.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the stake bottom end bottom end Huan Youzhuan ring positioning ring and stake bottom end ring stress ring two parts knot
Structure is constituted, and the stake bottom end ring stress ring installation is between the inner and outer pipe sections.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the outer tube lateral surface is covered with epoxy resin, to ensure foil gauge and conducting wire in mould
It is not destroyed during the type stake injection soil body.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the epoxy resin with a thickness of 1mm-2mm.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, row's formula conducting wire is stepped.
The pilot system of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile, including above-mentioned indoor model stake, with
And soil bin, hydraulic loading device, data collecting instrument, pull pressure sensor, stay wire sensor and pore pressure meter；
The soil bin fills the soil for indoor model stake injection；
The hydraulic loading device is used to apply to indoor model stake the active force of injection soil；
The data collecting instrument passes through row's formula conducting wire respectively and is connected with the foil gauge of inner tube, outer tube outer wall；
The pull pressure sensor, stay wire sensor are set on pile cover, for measuring injection pressure；
The pore pressure meter is set to by indoor model stake injection position, for detecting pile peripheral earth pore water pressure.
The test method of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile, carries out according to the following steps:
Step 1: foundation soil body will be prepared to predetermined strength, above-mentioned indoor model stake is squeezed into predetermined depth；
Step 2: installation pull pressure sensor and stay wire sensor, and row's formula conducting wire is connected into data collecting instrument；
Step 3: detecting pile peripheral earth pore water pressure with pore pressure meter, dissipate completely to pore water pressure；
Step 4: push Model Pile using hydraulic loading device with the rate of 0.01mm/s, at the same survey each sensor of note and
The numerical value of foil gauge stops load when displacement at pile top reaches outer diameter 10%.It repeats the above steps until all test groups time
It finishes.
The advantages and benefits of the present invention are:
1, using the form of double-walled stake, the medial and lateral frictional resistance edge of large diameter steel pipe pile Model Pile can accurately be obtained
The distribution of pile body, to study the performance mechanism of large diameter steel pipe pile vertical carrying capacity and improving the design method of large diameter steel pipe pile
Test data support is provided, so that large diameter steel pipe pile vertical carrying capacity is accurately calculated, reduces practical work
The steel using amount of journey brings very big economic benefit.
2, the conducting wire for connecting foil gauge lead has been changed to row's formula conducting wire by conventional solid conductor, makes the cabling for being laid with conducting wire
Time shortens to the 10%-20% of conventional method, greatly improves test efficiency, and keeps laying effect more regular, beautiful.
And due to the stepped form in both ends, so that one end of row's formula conducting wire connection data collecting instrument does not have to labelling to distinguish, most
The long corresponding foil gauge of two conducting wires is first foil gauge, and corresponding shortest two conducting wires are n-th foil gauge,
Save resource.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Model Pile overall structure diagram.
Fig. 2 is Model Pile decomposition texture view.
Fig. 3 (a) is pile cover structural schematic diagram one.
Fig. 3 (b) is pile cover structural schematic diagram two.
Fig. 4 (a) is stake top end ring structure schematic diagram one.
Fig. 4 (b) is stake top end ring structure schematic diagram two.
Fig. 5 is outer tube structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is inner tube structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 (a) is stake bottom end ring structure schematic diagram one.
Fig. 7 (b) is stake bottom end ring structure schematic diagram two.
Fig. 8 is outer tube foil gauge and row's formula wire arrangements figure.
Fig. 9 is inner tube foil gauge and row's formula wire arrangements figure.
Wherein: 1 is pile cover；2 be stake top end ring；3 be outer tube；4 be inner tube；5 be stake bottom end ring；6 be notch；7 be slot；
8 be air hole；9 be radial translot；10 be stake top end ring stress ring；11 be stake top end ring positioning ring；12 be stake top end ring notch；
13 be outer tube notch；14 be stake bottom end ring positioning ring；15 be stake bottom end ring stress ring；16 be row's formula conducting wire；17 be foil gauge；18
Foil gauge lead.
It for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be according to above attached
Figure obtains other relevant drawings.
Specific embodiment
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, combined with specific embodiments below furtherly
Bright technical solution of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The structure of the indoor model stake of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile:
One, pile cover
The air hole of perforation is opened at pile cover center, is opened radial translot above pile cover and is connected with air hole.The effect of pile cover
There are four: 1, an area is provided in order to which the injection of pile monkey when pile sinking or static pressure are pressed into；2, increase near outer tube upper cut-out
The rigidity of tube wall, avoid due to be further applied load it is larger cause outer tube wall top be crushed；3, the air hole that center opens up is to prevent
Air pressure is generated when pile sinking in inner tube；4, radial translot cooperation air hole is for cabling when installing stay wire displacement sensor.Pile cover
By the aluminium alloy of model 5020 (such aluminium alloy has suitable elasticity modulus, medium intensity and good processing performance)
Cylindrical body is cut, and pile cover height is 30mm-50mm, and diameter changes according to the diameter and wall thickness change of inner and outer pipes, is inserted
Groove depth is 15mm-25mm, and the notch depth of pile cover is equal to socket depth, and the vent diameter of pile cover center perforation is 10mm,
Translot width above pile cover is also 10mm.
Two, inner and outer tubes
Inner tube, the hollow body that outer tube is equal length coaxial arrangement, the material of the two are 5020 type aluminium alloys, length root
According to the prototype pile length studied according to scaling factor determine, wall thickness according to principle of rigidity equivalent determine, i.e., inner tube tension and compression rigidity with
Outer tube tension and compression rigidity is identical, while the tension and compression stiffnes s equivalent of sum of the two and prototype stake.
Three, stake top end ring
Stake top end ring includes positioning ring and stress ring and the notch that is arranged symmetrically, is not closed between pile cover and inner and outer pipes
Extremely, it is bonded after assembling by 704 silicon rubber.There are three the effects of stake top end ring: 1, the load that stress ring will be applied on pile cover
It is transmitted on inner and outer pipe；2, positioning ring remains unchanged the clearance distance between inner and outer pipes；3, the notch of notch and outer tube top
Alignment, to be laid on row's formula conductor wiring of inner tube outer surface.Inner and outer tubes are integrally formed seamless aluminium alloy
Pipe, respectively as the inside and outside wall of double-walled Model Pile.There are the gaps of 2mm-3mm between inner and outer pipes.The top of its middle external tube is provided with
Notch as stake top annular section incision size, to arrange formula conductor wiring.Stake top end ring is closed by the aluminium of model 5020
Golden cylindrical body is integrally cut, and positioning ring height is 8mm, and gap is equidistant between thickness and inner and outer pipes, and stress ring is thick
Degree is 2mm, and stress ring external profile diameter is equal to the outer diameter of outer tube, and inner edge diameter is equal to the internal diameter of inner tube, kerf width 20mm-
30mm is highly equal to the height of positioning ring.
Four, stake bottom end ring
Stake bottom end ring equally includes positioning ring and stress ring but does not set not choke-out between notch, with inner and outer pipes, after assembling
It is bonded by 704 silicon rubber, due to the elasticity modulus very little of silicon rubber, the strain of inner and outer pipes can be distinguished, inner tube
Axle power variation is only provided by the inside sliding block that the soil body in stake generates, and what the variation of the axle power of outer tube was only generated by the soil body on the outside of stake
Outer frictional resistance provides, so as to respectively obtain a medial and lateral frictional resistance along the distribution of pile body.Stake bottom end ring and stake top end ring
Equally, material is 5020 type aluminium alloys, a height of 8mm of positioning ring, distance of the thickness equal to gap between inner and outer pipes, stress ring thickness
Diameter for 2mm, interior outer rim is identical as stake top annular section.
Five, foil gauge
Foil gauge uses BX120-3AA or BX120-4AA soldering-free type foil gauge, and wire length is advisable with 50mm-100mm.
It is bonded between foil gauge and pile lining with 502 or 495 glue.Row's formula conducting wire can be using thinner grey winding displacement or row formula colour Du Pont
Line, two times of gaps that should be less than between inner and outer pipe of solid conductor crust diameter.Every row arranges the conducting wire radical of formula conducting wire by every side
The quantity of foil gauge determines that, if the foil gauge quantity of side is N, the radical for arranging formula conducting wire is 2N, arranges one end of formula conducting wire
With every two for one group, intercepted according to the spacing between foil gauge according to staged, every group of conducting wire all draws with two of foil gauge
Line is connected, the foil gauge of longest one group of connection bottom, i.e., the n-th foil gauge of every side, the every side of shortest one group of connection
First foil gauge.The ladder direction of row's formula conducting wire other end is in the same direction with this, it is therefore an objective to ensure that the length of each conducting wire is identical,
And then the resistance of each wire is also identical, every group of conducting wire is connected with the bridge box of data collecting instrument.Row's formula conducting wire and inner and outer pipe it
Between by 502 or 495 glue bond, be fitted tightly over conducting wire on tube wall.Every Model Pile has inside and outside two root canal, and row's formula is led
Line is arranged according to every root canal two rows conducting wire opposite side, therefore a Model Pile needs 4 rows to arrange formula conducting wire.The length of row's formula conducting wire should be greater than
The sum of stake long and the distance between pile sinking position and data collecting instrument, and there are the surpluses of 1m-2m.
Note: being assembled after Model Pile each section is ready, will be covered on the foil gauge and solder joint on inner tube lateral surface
704 silicon rubber with a thickness of 1mm are covered to reach waterproof purpose, the gap, stake bottom end ring between stake top end ring and inner and outer pipes with it is interior
Use 704 silicon rubber fillings in gap between outer tube.It is the epoxy resin of 1mm-2mm to ensure that outer tube lateral surface, which wants cladding thickness,
Foil gauge and conducting wire are not destroyed during the Model Pile injection soil body.
Embodiment 2
The pilot system of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile, including in above-described embodiment 1 it is indoor
Model Pile and soil bin, hydraulic loading device, data collecting instrument, pull pressure sensor, stay wire sensor and pore pressure meter；
The soil bin fills the soil for indoor model stake injection；
The hydraulic loading device is used to apply to indoor model stake the active force of injection soil；
The data collecting instrument passes through row's formula conducting wire respectively and is connected with the foil gauge of inner tube, outer tube outer wall；
The pull pressure sensor, stay wire sensor are set on pile cover, for measuring injection pressure；
The pore pressure meter is set to by indoor model stake injection position, for detecting pile peripheral earth pore water pressure.
Embodiment 3
The test method of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile:
Model Pile prepares foundation soil body to predetermined strength after assembling, the Model Pile with pile cover is squeezed into pre- depthkeeping
Degree installs pull pressure sensor and stay wire sensor, connects data collecting instrument, and detects pile peripheral earth hole with pore pressure meter simultaneously
The case where water pressure dissipates.Bearing capacity experiment is carried out after pore water pressure dissipates completely.Using hydraulic loading device with
The rate of 0.01mm/s pushes Model Pile, while surveying the numerical value for remembering each sensor and foil gauge, reaches an outer diameter to displacement at pile top
Stop load when 10%.It repeats the above steps until all test groups time finish.
It is herein component institute serialization number itself, such as " first ", " second " etc., is only used for distinguishing described object,
Without any sequence or art-recognized meanings.And " connection ", " connection " described in the application, unless otherwise instructed, include directly and
It is indirectly connected with (connection).In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " on ", "lower", "front", "rear", " left side ",
The orientation of the instructions such as " right side ", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise " or position are closed
System is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, rather than indicates
Or imply that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore cannot understand
For limitation of the present invention.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature in the second feature " on " or " down " can be with
It is that the first and second features directly contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature be directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or be merely representative of
First feature horizontal height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature can be under the second feature " below ", " below " and " below "
One feature is directly under or diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of first feature horizontal height less than second feature.
Illustrative description has been done to the present invention above, it should explanation, the case where not departing from core of the invention
Under, any simple deformation, modification or other skilled in the art can not spend the equivalent replacement of creative work equal
Fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the indoor model stake of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile, it is characterised in that: including pile cover, interior
Pipe, outer tube, stake top end ring, stake bottom end ring, foil gauge and row's formula conducting wire；
Said inner tube, the hollow body that outer tube is equal length coaxial arrangement, stake top end ring and stake bottom end is respectively set in both ends
Pile cover is arranged in stake top end ring side in ring, and the pile cover side is formed with the slot of stake top end ring insertion；
It is respectively arranged on the outer tube, stake top end ring and pile cover positioned at opposite side, the notch features to coincide, outer tube notch is located at
One side end of outer tube, stake top end ring notch are located at the stake top end ring positioning between stake top end ring insertion inner tube, outer tube
On ring, pile cover notch be located at the two sides of the pile cover slot；
Said inner tube outer wall 2 column foil gauges of axially opposed setting, said inner tube outer wall are arranged 2 groups and are connected respectively with each foil gauge
The upper end of row's formula conducting wire, row's formula conducting wire is pierced by by the notch features；Axially opposed 2 column of setting of outer tube outer wall are answered
Become piece, 2 groups of row's formula conducting wires being connected respectively with each foil gauge are arranged in the outer tube outer wall.
2. the indoor model stake of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: being formed with air hole in the middle part of the pile cover.
3. the indoor model stake of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: being formed with radial translot on the pile cover outer surface.
4. the indoor model stake of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the stake top end ring is made of stake top end ring stress ring and stake top end ring positioning ring two-part structure, the stake top
End ring positioning ring is installed between the inner and outer pipe sections, and two sides are formed with stake top end ring notch.
5. the indoor model stake of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the stake bottom end bottom end Huan Youzhuan ring positioning ring and stake bottom end ring stress ring two-part structure are constituted, the stake bottom
End ring stress ring is installed between the inner and outer pipe sections.
6. the indoor model stake of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the outer tube lateral surface is covered with epoxy resin, to ensure foil gauge and conducting wire in the mistake of the Model Pile injection soil body
It is not destroyed in journey.
7. the indoor model stake of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the epoxy resin with a thickness of 1mm-2mm.
8. the indoor model stake of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: row's formula conducting wire is stepped.
9. the pilot system of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile, it is characterised in that: including indoor model
Stake and soil bin, hydraulic loading device, data collecting instrument, pull pressure sensor, stay wire sensor and pore pressure meter；
The soil bin fills the soil for indoor model stake injection；
The hydraulic loading device is used to apply to indoor model stake the active force of injection soil；
The data collecting instrument passes through row's formula conducting wire respectively and is connected with the foil gauge of inner tube, outer tube outer wall；
The pull pressure sensor, stay wire sensor are set on pile cover, for measuring injection pressure；
The pore pressure meter is set to by indoor model stake injection position, for detecting pile peripheral earth pore water pressure.
10. the test method of outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile, which is characterized in that according to the following steps
It carries out:
Step 1: foundation soil body will be prepared to predetermined strength, above-mentioned indoor model stake is squeezed into predetermined depth；
Step 2: installation pull pressure sensor and stay wire sensor, and row's formula conducting wire is connected into data collecting instrument；
Step 3: detecting pile peripheral earth pore water pressure with pore pressure meter, dissipate completely to pore water pressure；
Step 4: pushing Model Pile using hydraulic loading device with the rate of 0.01mm/s, while surveying each sensor of note and strain
The numerical value of piece stops load when displacement at pile top reaches outer diameter 10%.
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| CN201910198115.9A CN109930633A (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Indoor model stake, pilot system and the method for outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile |
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| CN201910198115.9A CN109930633A (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Indoor model stake, pilot system and the method for outer frictional resistance distribution in a kind of measurement large diameter steel pipe pile |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110849725A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-28 | 兰州交通大学 | Hollow model pile and test data analysis method thereof |
| CN111189774A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-05-22 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Device and method for measuring inner side friction resistance of steel pipe pile |
| CN113216287A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-08-06 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | Device and method for in-situ measurement of bearing capacity of ultra-large-diameter steel pipe pile |
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| SG102542A1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2004-03-26 | Tjhing Bo Robert Oei | Piling system with continuous load measurement |
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| CN113216287A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-08-06 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | Device and method for in-situ measurement of bearing capacity of ultra-large-diameter steel pipe pile |
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Application publication date: 20190625 |