CN109929573A - The method and system of power plants generating electricity coupling production clean coal - Google Patents
The method and system of power plants generating electricity coupling production clean coal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及电厂发电与清洁煤生产耦合领域，公开了电厂发电耦合生产清洁煤的方法和系统。该方法包括：(1)用来自电厂锅炉的第一烟道气间接加热原煤进行煤转化，最终转化温度为500～640℃，转化时间为10～60min，得到第一烟气、第一热解气和转化煤；(2)用来自电厂锅炉的第二烟道气间接加热干燥煤进行煤脱杂，最终脱杂温度为650～750℃，脱杂时间为10～60min，得到第二烟气、第二热解气和脱杂煤；(3)将热解气进行焦油脱除，得到焦油和煤气；(4)将煤气进行燃烧和换热，得到的蒸汽和尾气返回电厂锅炉用于发电；将第一烟气和第二烟气汇合返回电厂锅炉。实现电厂正常发电生产的同时将低阶原煤生产为清洁煤。
The invention relates to the field of coupling power generation and clean coal production in power plants, and discloses a method and a system for coupling power generation in power plants to produce clean coal. The method comprises: (1) indirectly heating the raw coal with the first flue gas from the boiler of the power plant to carry out coal transformation, the final transformation temperature is 500-640 DEG C, and the transformation time is 10-60 min to obtain the first flue gas, the first pyrolysis (2) use the second flue gas from the boiler of the power plant to indirectly heat the dry coal for coal de-impurification, the final de-impurification temperature is 650-750 ℃, and the de-impurification time is 10-60 minutes, and the second flue gas is obtained , the second pyrolysis gas and decontaminated coal; (3) the pyrolysis gas is subjected to tar removal to obtain tar and gas; (4) the gas is burned and heat exchanged, and the obtained steam and tail gas are returned to the power plant boiler for power generation ; Return the first flue gas and the second flue gas to the power plant boiler. The low-rank raw coal is produced into clean coal while realizing the normal power generation of the power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power plant power generation and clean coal production coupling, in particular to a method and a system for producing clean coal by power plant power generation coupling.
Background
China dominates the consumption of coal in energy consuming structures. Wherein coal-fired power generation is the main form of coal consumption. However, due to the emission of pollutants generated by coal combustion and the influence of coal price, the power generation production of coal-fired thermal power plants has operational loss in recent years, the load rate of the coal-fired power plants is integrally low, and the sustainable development of the power generation industry is restricted.
In addition, the smoke emission generated in the coal burning process is an important reason for causing haze. In recent years, the Jingjin Ji area is the most serious area of air pollution in China, and 8 cities in the first 10 highest pollution nationwide are in the Jingjin Ji area. In order to solve the increasingly severe atmospheric pollution problem in Jingjin Ji areas, the nation has successively developed policy documents to develop action for treating the atmospheric environment. Compared with coal-fired power plants, about 3 hundred million tons of civil scattered-fired coal has poor coal quality and great difficulty in controlling pollutants, and is known as 'cancer' which is difficult to cure in the field of air pollution treatment. Therefore, the scattered coal is urgently cleaned.
Therefore, power plant power generation production and loose coal cleaning become the focus of development attention of current coal and power generation enterprises.
CN106382790A discloses a lignite drying method by using flue gas and steam waste heat of a power plant, which comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out primary drying treatment on the wet material by using high-temperature flue gas directly discharged by a coal-fired boiler of a power plant; the high-temperature flue gas is directly and uniformly contacted with the wet material to obtain an intermediate material; (2) then high-temperature flue gas and steam directly discharged by a coal-fired boiler of a power plant are utilized to simultaneously carry out secondary drying treatment on the intermediate material; the high-temperature flue gas directly and evenly contacts with the intermediate material, and the intermediate material and the heat exchange tube which is communicated with the steam are evenly contacted for heat exchange to obtain a dry material, so that secondary drying treatment is realized. The method can only realize the combination of flue gas of a power plant and the drying of coal, but does not suggest how to solve the problem of the combination of the power plant and the production of clean coal.
CN102350214A discloses a coal-fired power plant pulverized coal preparation active coke flue gas comprehensive purification process, which comprises the following steps: 1) the pulverized coal in the pulverized coal storage tank is carried by compressed air and is pumped into the carbonization and activation furnace by the pulverized coal bin pump, meanwhile, smoke with the temperature of 500-1200 ℃ is extracted from the pulverized coal bin and is used as a pulverized coal carbonization heat source and an activating agent, and is sent to the bottom of the active coke activation furnace to be mixed with the pulverized coal, the smoke carries the pulverized coal to move from bottom to top, and simultaneously, carbonization and activation reactions are carried out to obtain powdery active coke; 2) the flue gas carries active coke to enter a separator to realize gas-solid separation, and the separated active coke is cooled by a cooler and then is sent to an active coke storage tank by an active coke bin pump II to be stored; the pyrolysis gas separated by the separator is used as reburning fuel and sent to the reduction zone of the boiler, and NO generated in the main combustion zone isxReduction to N2Realization of NOxPartial removal of (2); 3) the flue gas discharged from the boiler is treated by a pre-deduster and then enters an adsorption tower, and is fully mixed with the active coke fed from the active coke storage tank in the adsorption tower; pumping water in the process water tank by a water pump, spraying the water into the adsorption tower through a nozzle, adjusting the temperature of the flue gas, and controlling the SO in the flue gas at 60-120 DEG C2And mercury is adsorbed by the activated coke; the ammonia gas in the ammonia gas storage tank is extracted by the ammonia gas conveying fan and sprayed into the ammonia gas through an ammonia gas nozzle at the upper part of the adsorption tower, and the ammonia gas and NO in the smoke gasxOxidation reduction reaction to generate N2Realization of NOxRemoving; 4) the purified flue gas enters a cloth bag separator for gas-solid separation, the purified gas is sent into a chimney by a draught fan and directly discharged into the atmosphere, and part of the separated active coke is separatedThe screw feeder is sent into the adsorption tower to participate in circulation, and the other part of the screw feeder is sent into a regeneration furnace to be regenerated; 5) the regenerated active coke is cooled by a cooler II and then is sent into an active coke storage tank by an active coke bin pump I for cyclic utilization; sulfur dioxide enriched gas with the concentration of 20-60% is obtained in the regeneration process, so that the resource utilization of sulfur dioxide is realized; 6) the active coke loses the adsorption performance after being adsorbed/regenerated for a plurality of times, and the waste active coke losing the adsorption performance is sent to a boiler for combustion, so that the energy of the active coke is fully utilized. The method is used for solving the problem of pollutant emission of the flue gas of the power plant, the flue gas is used for preparing the active coke from the coal, and the active coke and the generated pyrolysis gas are used for reducing the pollutant emission of the flue gas, but the method does not relate to and suggest how to produce clean coal by using the flue gas of the power plant and the technical problems.
US20170137731a1 discloses a method for upgrading coal by heating the coal twice in the absence of oxygen to remove moisture and by-products contained in the coal and upgrade the coal to obtain upgraded coal; meanwhile, the by-product discharged circularly is burnt to be used as a heat source for heating the coal, so that energy is saved. The first heating is about 400F (204℃), and the second heating is about 1500F (815.6C). The method only discloses a method for producing raw coal into clean coal, but does not relate to the combination of power plant flue gas and clean coal production and the technical problems encountered in the combination process.
CN10664459A discloses a multistage rotary coal pyrolysis processing technology, which comprises the following steps: (1) feeding raw material coal with the granularity of 3-30mm into a dry rotary furnace to directly exchange heat with hot flue gas with the temperature lower than 300 ℃ for dehydration, wherein the final drying temperature is 200-250 ℃; (2) feeding the dried coal material into a pyrolysis rotary furnace, wherein the coal material is indirectly heated by heat provided by the pyrolysis heating furnace and decomposed to generate granular semicoke, tar steam and coal gas, and the final pyrolysis temperature is 500-650 ℃; (3) sending the mixed gas of tar steam and coal gas to a condenser for separation to obtain crude tar and coal gas; (4) feeding the granular semi-coke into a recarburization rotary furnace, and carrying out internal heating at the temperature of 800-850 ℃ to obtain granular coke and high-temperature mixed gas, wherein the mixed gas is introduced into a pyrolysis heating furnace; (5) and spraying water on the vibrating screen to quench the granular coke discharged from the recarburization rotary furnace to obtain the product coke. The process is used for carrying out coal pyrolysis processing, a multistage series rotary furnace and sectional heating mode is adopted, wherein hot flue gas exhausted by a pyrolysis heating furnace is used as a drying medium in a drying section, heat required by pyrolysis is provided by the pyrolysis heating furnace in a pyrolysis section, and the heat is generated by burning air, pyrolysis coal gas or other fuels in the heating furnace. The process is used for producing coke, tar and coal gas by coal pyrolysis, and does not relate to the problems of how to jointly produce clean coal by using flue gas of a power plant and how to stabilize power generation production of the power plant.
In view of the above, the methods disclosed in the prior art do not consider how to combine the flue gas of the power plant with the clean coal production, and it is necessary to provide a method for balancing the power generation production of the power plant and the clean coal production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of realizing the combination of power generation of a power plant and clean coal production and balancing the stable production of the power generation and the clean coal, provides a method and a system for producing clean coal by coupling power generation of the power plant, can realize the production of clean coal by utilizing hot flue gas of the power plant without influencing the power generation production of the power plant, and can also obtain coal tar.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing clean coal by power plant power generation coupling, comprising:
(1) indirectly heating raw coal by using first flue gas at 800-1200 ℃ from a power plant boiler to perform coal conversion, wherein the final conversion temperature of the coal conversion is 500-640 ℃, and the conversion time is 10-60 min, so as to obtain first flue gas, first pyrolysis gas and converted coal;
(2) indirectly heating the converted coal by using 800-1200 ℃ second flue gas from a power plant boiler to remove impurities from the coal, wherein the final impurity removal temperature of the coal is 650-750 ℃, and the impurity removal time is 10-60 min, so as to obtain second flue gas, second pyrolysis gas and removed coal;
(3) the first pyrolysis gas and the second pyrolysis gas are converged and then tar is removed to obtain tar and coal gas;
(4) burning and heat exchanging the coal gas to obtain steam and tail gas; the steam and the tail gas return to a power plant boiler for power generation; the first flue gas and the second flue gas are combined into return flue gas which is sent to a power plant boiler for power generation;
(5) and (5) carrying out dry cooling on the impurity-removed coal to obtain clean coal.
Preferably, the temperature of the first flue gas and the second flue gas is 900-1000 ℃.
Preferably, the total flow rate of the first flue gas and the second flue gas is 1-30 vol%, preferably 5-20 vol%, and more preferably 5-10 vol% of the flow rate of the flue gas generated by the power plant boiler.
Preferably, the volume ratio between the first flue gas and the second flue gas is (1-4): 1, more preferably (1-2): 1.
preferably, relative to 10000Nm3The total flow rate of the first flue gas and the second flue gas is 3000-6000 kg of the raw coal, and more preferably 4000-5000 kg of the raw coal.
Preferably, the ratio of the conversion time to the impurity removal time is (1-2): 1.
preferably, the temperature of the returned flue gas is 750-900 ℃; the temperature of the steam is 750-900 ℃; the temperature of the tail gas is 300-500 ℃, and preferably 350-450 ℃; the total flow rate of the return flue gas and the tail gas is 100-130% by volume, preferably 100-120% by volume, and more preferably 105-120% by volume of the total flow rate of the first flue gas and the second flue gas.
Preferably, the raw coal is at least one of lignite with the particle size of 1-100 mm, long flame coal and non-caking coal.
The invention provides a system for producing clean coal by using the power plant power generation coupling of the invention, which comprises: the system comprises a power plant boiler 1, a raw coal impurity removal unit, a condenser 6, a co-combustion furnace 7, a waste heat boiler 8, a dry cooling device 5 and an induced draft device 2; wherein,
the raw coal impurity removal unit is used for indirectly heating the raw coal by using flue gas from the power plant boiler 1, removing impurities in the raw coal to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis gas and removed impurity coal, and returning the flue gas to the power plant boiler for power generation;
the condenser 6 is used for recovering tar in the pyrolysis gas from the raw coal impurity removal unit and obtaining coal gas;
the mixed combustion furnace 7 is used for combusting the coal gas from the condenser 6, and introducing the obtained hot air into the waste heat boiler 8 to exchange heat with boiler feed water to obtain steam and tail gas;
the waste heat boiler 8 is communicated with the power plant boiler 1 and the air inducing device 2, the steam returns to the power plant boiler 1, and the tail gas returns to the power plant boiler 1 through the air inducing device 2;
the dry cooling device 5 is used for cooling the impurity-removed coal by a dry cooling method to obtain clean coal.
Preferably, the raw coal impurity removal unit comprises a conversion device 3 and an impurity removal device 4, wherein,
the conversion device 3 is communicated with the power plant boiler 1, the impurity removal device 4 and the condenser 6; the impurity removing device 4 is communicated with the power plant boiler 1, the conversion device 3, the condenser 6 and the dry cooling device 5.
Through the technical scheme, the flue gas from the power plant is controlled, and the flue gas is indirectly heated with the raw coal and the converted coal respectively at a certain temperature and flow ratio, so that the sectional heating of the raw coal is realized. The sectional operation can control the heating operation of each section more flexibly, which is beneficial to better producing clean coal. According to the invention, the raw coal and the converted coal are heated by the high-temperature flue gas, so that the impurities such as volatile components, sulfides, mercury and the like in the coal can be removed, and the obtained clean coal can reduce the pollutant emission during the combustion of the coal. The quality of the clean coal can reach the quality standard of the civil bulk coal specified by DB13-2081-2014 standard.
In addition, the pyrolysis gas generated by the method can extract tar, and the obtained coal gas can recover heat in the coal gas through the mixed combustion furnace and the waste heat boiler and then returns to the power plant for power generation in the form of steam and tail gas. The return flue gas can also be used for power plant power generation production. Meanwhile, the tail gas purification can utilize the existing devices of the power plant.
The method can utilize the flue gas waste heat of the power plant and the existing flue gas treatment device of the power plant, can reduce the coal consumption of power plant power generation, and can reduce the investment of heat source and tail gas treatment of a clean coal production system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method and a system for producing clean coal by coupling power generation of a power plant provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, one or more new ranges of values may be obtained from combinations of values between the endpoints of each range, the endpoints of each range and the individual values, and the individual values of the points, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing clean coal by coupling power generation of a power plant, as shown in fig. 1, including:
(1) indirectly heating raw coal by using first flue gas at 800-1200 ℃ from a power plant boiler to perform coal conversion, wherein the final conversion temperature of the coal conversion is 500-640 ℃, and the conversion time is 10-60 min, so as to obtain first flue gas, first pyrolysis gas and converted coal;
(2) indirectly heating the converted coal by using 800-1200 ℃ second flue gas from a power plant boiler to remove impurities from the coal, wherein the final impurity removal temperature of the coal is 650-750 ℃, and the impurity removal time is 10-60 min, so as to obtain second flue gas, second pyrolysis gas and removed coal;
(3) the first pyrolysis gas and the second pyrolysis gas are converged and then tar is removed to obtain tar and coal gas;
(4) burning and heat exchanging the coal gas to obtain steam and tail gas; the steam and the tail gas return to a power plant boiler for power generation; the first flue gas and the second flue gas are combined into return flue gas which is sent to a power plant boiler for power generation;
(5) and (5) carrying out dry cooling on the impurity-removed coal to obtain clean coal.
Preferably, the final conversion temperature is 500-600 ℃, and the conversion time is 30-45 min.
Preferably, the final impurity removing temperature is 650-700 ℃, and the impurity removing time is 30-45 min.
In the invention, the clean coal production is carried out by utilizing the hot flue gas from the power plant, and meanwhile, the power generation production of the power plant is not influenced. The coal conversion in the step (1) is performed in a rotary kiln, a tower-type moving bed or a rake-type moving bed as long as the indirect heating of the raw coal by the first flue gas can be realized, so that the removal of light substances such as moisture and volatile components in the raw coal is realized. Preferably, the temperature of the first flue gas and the second flue gas is 900-1000 ℃.
In the present invention, the first flue gas and the second flue gas are from hot flue gas produced by a power plant boiler, and can be used for power generation production. The use of the hot flue gas in the present invention can be a heat source for clean coal production. The hot flue gas can be led out according to a certain proportion according to the flow of the hot flue gas generated by the power plant and the quantity of clean coal required to be produced. Preferably, the total flow rate of the first flue gas and the second flue gas is 1-30 vol%, preferably 5-20 vol%, and more preferably 5-10 vol% of the total flow rate of the flue gases generated by the power plant boiler. According to the limitation, the method provided by the invention can meet the production requirement of clean coal, and the coal gas in the step (4) is returned to the power plant through the heat converted by the mixed combustion furnace and the waste heat boiler, so that the power generation production of the power plant can be continuously provided, and the power generation production is not influenced.
In the present invention, the first flue gas and the second flue gas are used in step (1) and step (2), respectively, for treating the raw coal and the converted coal, respectively. The respective usage amounts of the first flue gas and the second flue gas meet the conditions of coal conversion and coal impurity removal, and the pyrolysis gas and the flue gas are ensured to return to a boiler of a power plant to continuously provide power generation production of the power plant without influencing the power generation production. Preferably, the volume ratio between the first flue gas and the second flue gas is (1-4): 1, more preferably (1-2): 1. under the limit, the method provided by the invention can realize the power generation production of a power plant and simultaneously produce clean coal.
In the invention, in the step (2), impurities such as mercury and the like contained in the dry coal can be removed in an indirect heating mode under the condition of coal impurity removal, so that the converted coal is cleaner. The coal removal in step (2) may be performed in a rotary kiln, a tower-type moving bed, or a rake-type moving bed, as long as indirect heating of the converted coal by the second flue gas can be achieved.
In the present invention, it is preferable to compare 10000Nm3The total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas is that the raw coal feeding amount is 3000-6000 kg, and further preferably 4000-5000 kg, so that the raw coal production is finished to be clean coal, and the returned flue gas, steam and tail gas are returned to the power plant and can still continue to provide the power generation production of the power plant.
In the present invention, preferably, the ratio of the conversion time to the impurity removal time is (1-2): 1. the production of clean coal can be ensured, and meanwhile, the flue gas, the steam and the tail gas which return to the power plant can still be continuously used for the power generation production of the power plant.
According to the invention, when clean coal is produced by utilizing flue gas of a power plant boiler, tar can be separated from pyrolysis gas to obtain a tar product. The tar removal can adopt the conventional technical measures in the field, and can be to condense the merged first pyrolysis gas and second pyrolysis gas so as to separate the tar and obtain coal gas.
In the invention, further, the coal gas can be returned to a power plant boiler in the form of steam and tail gas to generate power after being combusted and subjected to heat exchange. The coal gas can be sent into a mixed combustion furnace to be combusted to obtain hot air, and then the hot air is sent into a waste heat boiler to exchange heat with boiler feed water to generate steam and tail gas. Preferably, the temperature of the steam is 750-900 ℃.
In the invention, the tail gas is returned to the boiler of the power plant in a return air mode. Preferably, the temperature of the tail gas is 300-500 ℃, and preferably 350-450 ℃.
In the invention, the temperature of the returned flue gas is preferably 750-900 ℃.
In the present invention, the total flow rate of the return flue gas and the tail gas is preferably 100 to 130 vol%, preferably 100 to 120 vol%, and more preferably 105 to 120 vol% of the total flow rate of the first flue gas and the second flue gas.
In the invention, the impurity-removed coal refers to uncooled coal obtained by removing impurities from raw coal through drying and impurity removal treatment in the method provided by the invention.
In the present invention, the raw coal may not be particularly limited. Preferably, the raw coal is at least one of lignite with a particle size of 1-100 mm, long flame coal and non-caking coal.
In the invention, the quality of the obtained clean coal meets the DB13-2081-2014 standard.
The invention provides a system for applying the method for producing clean coal by power generation coupling of the power plant, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a power plant boiler 1, a raw coal impurity removal unit, a condenser 6, a co-combustion furnace 7, a waste heat boiler 8, a dry cooling device 5 and an induced draft device 2; wherein,
the raw coal impurity removal unit is used for indirectly heating the raw coal by the flue gas from the power plant boiler 1, removing impurities in the raw coal to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis gas and removed impurity coal, and returning the flue gas to the power plant boiler for power generation;
the condenser 6 is used for recovering tar in the pyrolysis gas from the raw coal impurity removal unit and obtaining coal gas;
the mixed combustion furnace 7 is used for combusting the coal gas from the condenser 6, and introducing the obtained hot air into the waste heat boiler 8 to exchange heat with boiler feed water to obtain steam and tail gas;
the waste heat boiler 8 is communicated with the power plant boiler 1 and the air inducing device 2, the steam returns to the power plant boiler 1, and the tail gas returns to the power plant boiler 1 through the air inducing device 2;
the dry cooling device 5 is used for cooling the impurity-removed coal by a dry cooling method to obtain clean coal.
In the present invention, preferably, the raw coal impurity removal unit includes a conversion device 3 and an impurity removal device 4, wherein,
the conversion device 3 is communicated with the power plant boiler 1, the impurity removal device 4 and the condenser 6; the impurity removing device 4 is communicated with the power plant boiler 1, the conversion device 3, the condenser 6 and the dry cooling device 5.
In the present invention, the conversion apparatus 3 may be selected from a rotary kiln, a tower-type moving bed or a rake-type moving bed.
In the present invention, the impurity removing device 4 may be selected from a rotary kiln, a tower-type moving bed or a rake-type moving bed.
In the present invention, the dry cooling device 5 may use an existing dry quenching method.
In the invention, the condenser 6 can be equipment which is conventionally used for tar removal in the field, and the requirement of recovering the tar in the pyrolysis gas is met.
In the present invention, the co-firing furnace 7 is not particularly limited, and any equipment conventionally used in the art for combustion of pyrolysis gas may be used.
In the present invention, the waste heat boiler 8 may be any equipment conventionally used in the art to realize heat exchange between the hot air and boiler feed water.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples.
The clean coals obtained in the examples and comparative examples were measured for sulfur content, ash sulfur content and volatile matter content according to the DB13-2081-2014 standard.
The clean coal specified in the DB13-2081-2014 standard has a total sulfur content of < 0.4 wt.%, an ash content of < 16 wt.% and a volatile content of < 10 wt.%.
Example 1
(1) 5000Nm34500kg of raw coal (lignite with the particle size of 20mm) in the rotary kiln is indirectly heated by the first flue gas (900 ℃) of per hour, coal conversion is carried out for 45min, and the final conversion temperature is 600 ℃ to obtain first flue gas, first pyrolysis gas and converted coal;
(2) 5000Nm3The second flue gas (900 ℃) of the/h indirectly heats the converted coal in the rotary kiln, the coal is subjected to impurity removal for 35min, and the final impurity removal temperature is 650 ℃, so that second flue gas, second pyrolysis gas and impurity-removed coal are obtained;
(3) dry cooling the impurity-removed coal to obtain clean coal;
(4) the first pyrolysis gas and the second pyrolysis gas are converged and then tar is removed to obtain a tar product; simultaneously, the obtained coal gas is introduced into a co-combustion furnace for combustion, the obtained hot air is introduced into a waste heat boiler for heat exchange with boiler feed water to generate steam and tail gas, and the steam (temperature) isReturning the tail gas to a power plant boiler for power generation at the temperature of 800 ℃, and returning the tail gas serving as return air (at the temperature of 450 ℃) to the power plant boiler for power generation through an air inducing device; the first flue gas and the second flue gas are combined into return flue gas (800 ℃) which is sent to a boiler of a power plant for power generation; the flow of return air and return flue gas is 12000Nm3/h；
The total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas corresponds to 5% by volume of the total flow of the power plant boiler flue gases.
The quality of the clean coal, the power generation capacity of the flue gas, and the power generation capacity of (steam + tail gas + return flue gas) were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 2
(1) With 6500Nm3Indirectly heating 4000kg of raw coal (non-sticky coal and with the particle size of 30mm) in a tower type moving bed by using first flue gas (1000 ℃) for 30min for coal conversion, and finally obtaining first flue gas, first pyrolysis gas and converted coal, wherein the final conversion temperature is 500 ℃;
(2) with 3500Nm3Indirectly heating the converted coal in the rotary kiln by second flue gas (1000 ℃) for 30min, and finally removing impurities at 700 ℃ to obtain second flue gas, second pyrolysis gas and removed coal;
(3) dry cooling the impurity-removed coal to obtain clean coal;
(4) the first pyrolysis gas and the second pyrolysis gas are converged and then tar is removed to obtain a tar product; meanwhile, introducing the obtained coal gas into a co-combustion furnace for combustion, introducing the obtained hot air into a waste heat boiler for heat exchange with boiler feed water to generate steam and tail gas, returning the steam (at the temperature of 900 ℃) to the power plant boiler for power generation, and returning the tail gas serving as return air (at the temperature of 350 ℃) to the power plant boiler through an air inducing device for power generation; the first flue gas and the second flue gas are combined into return flue gas (900 ℃) which is sent to a boiler of a power plant for power generation; the total flow of return air and return flue gas is 11000Nm3/h；
The total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas corresponds to 10 volume% of the total flow of the power plant boiler flue gases.
The quality of the clean coal, the power generation capacity of the flue gas, and the power generation capacity of (steam + tail gas + return flue gas) were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 3
(1) Using 6000Nm3The first flue gas (950 ℃) indirectly heats 5000kg of raw coal (long flame coal with the grain diameter of 3mm) in the tower type moving bed for coal conversion for 40min, and the final conversion temperature is 550 ℃, so that first flue gas, first pyrolysis gas and converted coal are obtained;
(2) with 4000Nm3Indirectly heating the converted coal in the rotary kiln by the first flue gas (950 ℃) for 30min, and finally removing impurities at 650 ℃ to obtain second flue gas, second pyrolysis gas and removed coal;
(3) dry cooling the impurity-removed coal to obtain clean coal;
(4) the first pyrolysis gas and the second pyrolysis gas are converged and then tar is removed to obtain a tar product; meanwhile, introducing the obtained coal gas into a co-combustion furnace for combustion, introducing the obtained hot air into a waste heat boiler for heat exchange with boiler feed water to generate steam and tail gas, returning the steam (with the temperature of 750 ℃) to the power plant boiler for power generation, and returning the tail gas serving as return air (with the temperature of 400 ℃) to the power plant boiler through an air inducing device for power generation; the first flue gas and the second flue gas are combined into return flue gas (750 ℃) which is sent to a boiler of a power plant for power generation; the total flow of return air and return flue gas is 105000Nm3/h；
The total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas corresponds to 8% by volume of the total flow of the power plant boiler flue gases.
The quality of the clean coal, the power generation capacity of the flue gas, and the power generation capacity of (steam + tail gas + return flue gas) were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 4
(1) 5000Nm34500kg of raw coal (lignite with the particle size of 20mm) in the rotary kiln is indirectly heated by the first flue gas (800 ℃) of per hour, coal conversion is carried out for 45min, and the final conversion temperature is 600 ℃ to obtain first flue gas, first pyrolysis gas and converted coal;
(2) 5000Nm3The second flue gas (800 ℃) indirectly heats the converted coal in the rotary kiln, and the coal is subjected to impurity removal for 40min, wherein the final impurity removal temperature is 650 ℃, so that second flue gas, second pyrolysis gas and impurity-removed coal are obtained;
(3) dry cooling the impurity-removed coal to obtain clean coal;
(4) the first pyrolysis gas and the second pyrolysis gas are converged and then tar is removed to obtain a tar product; meanwhile, introducing the obtained coal gas into a co-combustion furnace for combustion, introducing the obtained hot air into a waste heat boiler for heat exchange with boiler feed water to generate steam and tail gas, returning the steam (at the temperature of 800 ℃) to the power plant boiler for power generation, and returning the tail gas serving as return air (at the temperature of 450 ℃) to the power plant boiler through an air inducing device for power generation; the first flue gas and the second flue gas are combined into return flue gas (800 ℃) which is sent to a boiler of a power plant for power generation; the total flow of return air and return flue gas is 12000Nm3/h；
The total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas corresponds to 5% by volume of the total flow of the power plant boiler flue gases.
The quality of the clean coal, the power generation capacity of the flue gas, and the power generation capacity of (steam + tail gas + return flue gas) were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 5
(1) 5000Nm34500kg of raw coal (lignite with the particle size of 20mm) in the rotary kiln is indirectly heated by first flue gas (1200 ℃) of per hour, coal conversion is carried out for 45min, and the final conversion temperature is 600 ℃, so that first flue gas, first pyrolysis gas and converted coal are obtained;
(2) 5000Nm3Second flue gas of/h (1)Indirectly heating the converted coal in the rotary kiln at 20 ℃, and removing impurities from the coal for 40min, wherein the final impurity removal temperature is 650 ℃, so as to obtain second flue gas, second pyrolysis gas and removed coal;
(3) dry cooling the impurity-removed coal to obtain clean coal;
(4) the first pyrolysis gas and the second pyrolysis gas are converged and then tar is removed to obtain a tar product; meanwhile, introducing the obtained coal gas into a co-combustion furnace for combustion, introducing the obtained hot air into a waste heat boiler for heat exchange with boiler feed water to generate steam and tail gas, returning the steam (at the temperature of 800 ℃) to the power plant boiler for power generation, and returning the tail gas serving as return air (at the temperature of 450 ℃) to the power plant boiler through an air inducing device for power generation; the first flue gas and the second flue gas are combined into return flue gas (800 ℃) which is sent to a boiler of a power plant for power generation; the total flow of return air and return flue gas is 12000Nm3/h；
The total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas corresponds to 5% by volume of the total flow of the power plant boiler flue gases.
The quality of the clean coal, the power generation capacity of the flue gas, and the power generation capacity of (steam + tail gas + return flue gas) were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 6
(1) 8000Nm34500kg of raw coal (lignite with the particle size of 20mm) in the rotary kiln is indirectly heated by the first flue gas (900 ℃) of per hour, coal conversion is carried out for 45min, and the final conversion temperature is below 600 ℃ to obtain first flue gas, first pyrolysis gas and converted coal;
(2) 2000Nm3The second flue gas (900 ℃) of the/h indirectly heats the converted coal in the rotary kiln, the coal is subjected to impurity removal for 40min, and the final impurity removal temperature is 650 ℃, so that second flue gas, second pyrolysis gas and impurity-removed coal are obtained;
(3) dry cooling the impurity-removed coal to obtain clean coal;
(4) the first pyrolysis gas and the second pyrolysis gas are converged and then tar is removed to obtain tarProducing a product; meanwhile, introducing the obtained coal gas into a co-combustion furnace for combustion, introducing the obtained hot air into a waste heat boiler for heat exchange with boiler feed water to generate steam and tail gas, returning the steam (at the temperature of 800 ℃) to the power plant boiler for power generation, and returning the tail gas serving as return air (at the temperature of 450 ℃) to the power plant boiler through an air inducing device for power generation; the first flue gas and the second flue gas are combined into return flue gas (800 ℃) which is sent to a boiler of a power plant for power generation; the total flow of return air and return flue gas is 12000Nm3/h；
The total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas corresponds to 5% by volume of the total flow of the power plant boiler flue gases.
The quality of the clean coal, the power generation capacity of the flue gas, and the power generation capacity of (steam + tail gas + return flue gas) were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 7
(1) 5000Nm36000kg of raw coal (lignite, the particle size of which is 20mm) in the rotary kiln is indirectly heated by the first flue gas (900 ℃) for coal conversion for 60min, and the final conversion temperature is below 600 ℃ to obtain first flue gas, first pyrolysis gas and converted coal;
(2) 5000Nm3The second flue gas (900 ℃) of the/h indirectly heats the converted coal in the rotary kiln, the coal is subjected to impurity removal for 30min, and the final impurity removal temperature is 650 ℃, so that second flue gas, second pyrolysis gas and impurity-removed coal are obtained;
(3) dry cooling the impurity-removed coal to obtain clean coal;
(4) the first pyrolysis gas and the second pyrolysis gas are converged and then tar is removed to obtain a tar product; meanwhile, introducing the obtained coal gas into a co-combustion furnace for combustion, introducing the obtained hot air into a waste heat boiler for heat exchange with boiler feed water to generate steam and tail gas, returning the steam (at the temperature of 800 ℃) to the power plant boiler for power generation, and returning the tail gas serving as return air (at the temperature of 450 ℃) to the power plant boiler through an air inducing device for power generation; the first flue gas and the second flue gas are combined into return flue gas (800 ℃) which is sent to a boiler of a power plant for power generation; return air and returnThe total flow of flue gas was 12000Nm3/h；
The total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas corresponds to 5% by volume of the total flow of the power plant boiler flue gases.
The quality of the clean coal, the power generation capacity of the flue gas, and the power generation capacity of (steam + tail gas + return flue gas) were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 8
(1) 5000Nm34500kg of raw coal (lignite with the particle size of 20mm) in the rotary kiln is indirectly heated by the first flue gas (900 ℃) of per hour, coal conversion is carried out for 45min, and the final conversion temperature is below 640 ℃ to obtain first flue gas, first pyrolysis gas and converted coal;
(2) 5000Nm3The second flue gas (900 ℃) of the/h indirectly heats the converted coal in the rotary kiln, the coal is subjected to impurity removal for 35min, and the final impurity removal temperature is 750 ℃, so that second flue gas, second pyrolysis gas and impurity-removed coal are obtained;
(3) dry cooling the impurity-removed coal to obtain clean coal;
(4) the first pyrolysis gas and the second pyrolysis gas are converged and then tar is removed to obtain a tar product; meanwhile, introducing the obtained coal gas into a co-combustion furnace for combustion, introducing the obtained hot air into a waste heat boiler for heat exchange with boiler feed water to generate steam and tail gas, returning the steam (at the temperature of 800 ℃) to the power plant boiler for power generation, and returning the tail gas serving as return air (at the temperature of 450 ℃) to the power plant boiler through an air inducing device for power generation; the first flue gas and the second flue gas are combined into return flue gas (800 ℃) which is sent to a boiler of a power plant for power generation; the total flow of return air and return flue gas is 12000Nm3/h；
The total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas corresponds to 5% by volume of the total flow of the power plant boiler flue gases.
The quality of the clean coal, the power generation capacity of the flue gas, and the power generation capacity of (steam + tail gas + return flue gas) were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 9
(1) 5000Nm34500kg of raw coal (lignite with the particle size of 20mm) in the rotary kiln is indirectly heated by the first flue gas (900 ℃) of per hour, coal conversion is carried out for 50min, and the final conversion temperature is below 600 ℃ to obtain first flue gas, first pyrolysis gas and converted coal;
(2) 5000Nm3The second flue gas (900 ℃) of the/h indirectly heats the converted coal in the rotary kiln, the coal is subjected to impurity removal for 25min, and the final impurity removal temperature is 650 ℃, so that second flue gas, second pyrolysis gas and impurity-removed coal are obtained;
(3) dry cooling the impurity-removed coal to obtain clean coal;
(4) the first pyrolysis gas and the second pyrolysis gas are converged and then tar is removed to obtain a tar product; meanwhile, introducing the obtained coal gas into a co-combustion furnace for combustion, introducing the obtained hot air into a waste heat boiler for heat exchange with boiler feed water to generate steam and tail gas, returning the steam (at the temperature of 800 ℃) to the power plant boiler for power generation, and returning the tail gas serving as return air (at the temperature of 450 ℃) to the power plant boiler through an air inducing device for power generation; the first flue gas and the second flue gas are combined into return flue gas (800 ℃) which is sent to a boiler of a power plant for power generation; the total flow of return air and return flue gas is 12000Nm3/h；
The total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas corresponds to 5% by volume of the total flow of the power plant boiler flue gases.
The quality of the clean coal, the power generation capacity of the flue gas, and the power generation capacity of (steam + tail gas + return flue gas) were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
(1) 2000Nm3The method comprises the following steps of (1) enabling power plant flue gas (300 ℃) to directly contact 4500kg of raw coal (brown coal with the grain diameter of 20mm) in a countercurrent mode in a rotary kiln, carrying out coal conversion for 45min, and obtaining first raw coke oven gas and converted coal when the final conversion temperature is 200 ℃;
(2) 8000Nm3The power plant flue gas (900 ℃) and the converted coal directly contact in a countercurrent mode in a rotary kiln, coal impurity removal is carried out for 40min, and the final impurity removal temperature is 820 ℃, so that second raw coke oven gas and impurity removed coal are obtained;
(3) dry quenching the impurity-removed coal by using air to obtain clean coal;
(4) the first and second raw gas are combined into return air (9000 Nm)3And h, the temperature is 700 ℃), and the air is returned to a burner of a boiler of the power plant through an induced air unit for generating power.
The total flow of the flue gas of the power plant corresponds to 5 volume percent of the total flow of the flue gas of the boiler of the power plant.
The quality of clean coal, flue gas generated energy and return air generated energy were measured and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
(1) 2000Nm3Drying the power plant flue gas (300 ℃) and 4500kg of raw coal (lignite, the grain diameter of which is 20mm) at the drying temperature of 200 ℃ to obtain converted coal;
(2) 4000Nm3The power plant smoke (900 ℃) and the converted coal are pyrolyzed for 45min at the pyrolysis temperature of 600 ℃ to obtain semicoke, tar steam and coal gas;
(3) 4000Nm3Heating power plant flue gas (900 ℃) and semicoke at the impurity removal temperature of 800 ℃ to obtain coke and high-temperature mixed gas;
(4) quenching coke to obtain product coke;
(5) mixing the crude tar, coal gas and high-temperature mixed gas into return air (10000 Nm)3And/h, the temperature is 750 ℃), and the air is returned to a burner of a boiler of the power plant through an induced air unit to be used for generating power.
The total flow of flue gas from the power plant corresponds to 5% by volume of the total flow of flue gas from the boiler of the power plant.
The quality of clean coal, flue gas generated energy and return air generated energy were determined and the results are shown in table 2.
Comparative example 3
(1) 10000Nm3The flue gas (900 ℃) of per hour directly contacts 4500kg of raw coal (lignite, the grain diameter is 20mm) in a rotary kiln in a countercurrent mode, the coal is heated for 45min, and the final heating temperature is 600 ℃, so that raw coke oven gas and coal products are obtained;
(2) carrying out dry cooling on the coal product by using air to obtain clean coal;
(3) raw coke oven gas (9000 Nm)3And the temperature is 450 ℃ as return air, and the return air is returned to a burner of a boiler of the power plant through an air inducing device for power generation.
The flue gas flow corresponds to 5% by volume of the total flow of the boiler flue gases of the power plant.
The quality of clean coal, flue gas generated energy and return air generated energy were determined and the results are shown in table 2.
Comparative example 4
(1) 10000Nm3The flue gas (900 ℃) of per hour directly contacts 4500kg of raw coal (lignite, the grain diameter is 20mm) in a rotary kiln in a countercurrent mode, the coal is heated for 45min, and the final heating temperature is 750 ℃, so that raw coke oven gas and coal products are obtained;
(2) carrying out dry cooling on the coal product by using air to obtain clean coal;
(4) raw coke oven gas (9000 Nm)3And the temperature is 450 ℃ as return air, and the return air is returned to a burner of a boiler of the power plant through an air inducing device for power generation.
The flue gas flow corresponds to 5% by volume of the total flow of the boiler flue gases of the power plant.
The quality of clean coal, flue gas generated energy and return air generated energy were determined and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1
Note:
1 the total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas is the volume percent, vol,% of the total flow of flue gases produced by the power plant boiler;
2 volume ratio between the first flue gas and the second flue gas;
3 relative to 10000Nm3The total flow rate of the first flue gas and the second flue gas, the feed rate of raw coal;
4 ratio of conversion time to dehalogenation time;
5 the total flow of tail gas and return flue gas is volume percent of the total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas;
6 total flow of tail gas and return flue gas;
10000Nm from 7 power plant3The flue gas is used for generating electricity which can be generated and is calculated by standard coal;
and 8, using the steam, the tail gas and the return flue gas for generating electricity, and calculating according to standard coal.
Table 1 (continuation 1)
Table 1 (continuation 2)
TABLE 2
Note:
1 the total flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas is the volume percent, vol,% of the total flow of flue gases produced by the power plant boiler;
2 volume ratio between the first flue gas and the second flue gas;
3 relative to 10000Nm3The total flow rate of the first flue gas and the second flue gas, the feed rate of raw coal;
4 ratio of conversion time to dehalogenation time;
5 volume percent, of the return air flow to the flow of the first flue gas and the second flue gas;
10000Nm from 6 power plant3The flue gas is used for generating electricity which can be generated and is calculated by standard coal;
and 7, the return air is used for generating the electric quantity which can be generated by power generation, and is calculated by standard coal.
It can be seen from the results of the examples and comparative examples that the use of the examples of the process of the present invention allows the simultaneous realization of power generation in a power plant and clean coal production.
The quality of the clean coal obtained by the method meets the quality standard of civil scattered coal in DB13-2081-2014 standard, and the mercury content is low. The clean coal obtained in the comparative example did not meet the above standards or no clean coal was obtained, and the mercury content was high.
According to the method, clean coal is produced by using hot flue gas of a boiler of a power plant, and simultaneously, after tar is extracted from raw gas, the obtained gas is returned to the power plant for power generation through heat recovered by a mixed combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler, so that the generated energy can be increased.
The flue gas temperatures defined in examples 4 and 5 are not in the most preferable range, the volume ratio of the first and second flue gases is not in the most preferable range in example 6, the raw coal feed amount is not in the most preferable range in example 7, the conversion temperature and the removal temperature are not in the most preferable range in example 8, and the conversion time and the removal time are not in the most preferable range in example 9, although clean coal of satisfactory quality can be produced, the amount of heat recovered is not as good as in examples 1 to 3.
The comparative examples 1 to 4 do not adopt the method of the invention, so that the produced clean coal is unqualified, and the generated energy of return air is reduced, thereby influencing the power generation production of a power plant.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing clean coal by power plant power generation coupling comprises the following steps:
(1) indirectly heating raw coal by using first flue gas at 800-1200 ℃ from a power plant boiler to perform coal conversion, wherein the final conversion temperature of the coal conversion is 500-640 ℃, and the conversion time is 10-60 min, so as to obtain first flue gas, first pyrolysis gas and converted coal;
(2) indirectly heating the converted coal by using 800-1200 ℃ second flue gas from a power plant boiler to remove impurities from the coal, wherein the final impurity removal temperature of the coal is 650-750 ℃, and the impurity removal time is 10-60 min, so as to obtain second flue gas, second pyrolysis gas and removed coal;
(3) the first pyrolysis gas and the second pyrolysis gas are converged and then tar is removed to obtain tar and coal gas;
(4) burning and heat exchanging the coal gas to obtain steam and tail gas; the steam and the tail gas return to a power plant boiler for power generation; the first flue gas and the second flue gas are combined into return flue gas which is sent to a boiler of a power plant for power generation;
(5) and (5) carrying out dry cooling on the impurity-removed coal to obtain clean coal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second flue gases have a temperature of 900-1000 ℃.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the total flow of the first and second flue gases is 1-30 vol%, preferably 5-20 vol%, more preferably 5-10 vol% of the total flow of flue gases generated by the power plant boiler.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the volume ratio between the first flue gas and the second flue gas is (1-4): 1, preferably (1-2): 1.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio is 10000Nm3The total flow rate of the first flue gas and the second flue gas, the feeding amount of the raw coal is 3000-6000 kg, and preferably 4000-5000 kg.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the conversion time to the dehalogenation time is (1-2): 1.
7. the method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the return flue gas is 750-900 ℃; the temperature of the steam is 750-900 ℃; the temperature of the tail gas is 300-500 ℃, and preferably 350-450 ℃; the total flow rate of the return flue gas and the tail gas is 100-130 vol%, preferably 100-120 vol%, and more preferably 105-120 vol% of the total flow rate of the first flue gas and the second flue gas.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the raw coal is at least one of lignite, long flame coal and non-caking coal having a particle size of 1 to 100 mm.
9. A system for applying the method of power plant power generation coupling to produce clean coal of any one of claims 1-8, comprising: the system comprises a power plant boiler (1), a raw coal impurity removal unit, a condenser (6), a mixed combustion furnace (7), a waste heat boiler (8), a dry cooling device (5) and an air inducing device (2); wherein,
the raw coal impurity removal unit is used for indirectly heating the raw coal by using flue gas from a power plant boiler (1), removing impurities in the raw coal to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis gas and removed impurity coal, and returning the flue gas to the power plant boiler for power generation;
the condenser (6) is used for recovering tar in the pyrolysis gas from the raw coal impurity removal unit and obtaining coal gas;
the mixed combustion furnace (7) is used for combusting the coal gas from the condenser (6), and introducing the obtained hot air into a waste heat boiler (8) to exchange heat with boiler feed water to obtain steam and tail gas;
the waste heat boiler (8) is communicated with the power plant boiler (1) and the air inducing device (2), the steam returns to the power plant boiler (1), and the tail gas returns to the power plant boiler (1) through the air inducing device (2);
and the dry cooling device (5) is used for cooling the impurity-removed coal by a dry cooling method to obtain clean coal.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the raw coal deduplicating unit comprises a conversion unit (3) and a deduplicating unit (4), wherein,
the conversion device (3) is communicated with the power plant boiler (1), the impurity removal device (4) and the condenser (6); the impurity removing device (4) is communicated with the power plant boiler (1), the conversion device (3), the condenser (6) and the dry cooling device (5).
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