CN109921157A - Phase shifter and antenna - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of phase shifter and antennas, wherein phase shifter includes: switching mechanism, and switching mechanism includes first circuit layer and the second circuit layer, and first circuit layer includes N branch for being each other in off-state, and N is positive integer；Phaser mechanism, phaser mechanism include tertiary circuit layer, and tertiary circuit layer includes M branch being electrically connected to each other, and M is positive integer；The electrical connection corresponding at least one branch in aerial signal input terminal, first antenna radiating element and M branch of N branch, remaining branch in M branch is electrically connected with the second antenna radiation unit, and the second circuit layer can be mobile relative to first circuit layer, N branch of control is turned on or off, to select first antenna radiating element or the second antenna radiation unit to work.The quantity of the radiating element of the antenna of access can be changed as a result, and then realize the adjustment of antenna beam width angle value, to cover the region of different range.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a phase shifter and an antenna.
Background
With the development of mobile communications, increasing sites becomes a necessary option for operators to meet coverage and capacity requirements. At present, after a base station is constructed in a large scale, deep coverage and blind-repairing work of zones such as residential areas, commercial streets and the like become the work key points of various operators. In these zones, the conventional macro station is added, which has high cost and long period, and the antenna has large size and difficult location, so in the conventional technology, the micro station antenna or the low gain directional antenna is usually used for covering or blind-repairing.
However, in practical applications, some coverage scenarios need to adjust the value of the beam width so as to cover areas in different ranges, while the value of the beam width in the vertical plane of the micro-station antenna or other low-gain antennas is fixed, and the corresponding coverage area is relatively fixed, so that the requirements of practical applications cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a phase shifter and an antenna for solving the problems in the related art that the beam width of the antenna cannot be adjusted and the corresponding coverage area cannot be adjusted.
A phase shifter, comprising:
the switching mechanism comprises a first circuit layer and a second circuit layer, the first circuit layer comprises N branches which are mutually in a disconnected state, and N is a positive integer;
the phase shifting mechanism comprises a third circuit layer, the third circuit layer comprises M branches which are electrically connected with each other, and M is a positive integer; wherein,
n branch road and antenna signal input end, first antenna radiation unit and M at least one branch road in the branch road correspond the electricity and are connected, and the remaining branch road in M branch road is connected with second antenna radiation unit electricity, and the second circuit layer can move for first circuit layer, the switching on or the disconnection of N branch road of control to select first antenna radiation unit or second antenna radiation unit work.
In one embodiment, the second circuit layer comprises K connecting branches disconnected from each other, the K connecting branches are arranged between N branches, K is a positive integer, wherein,
when the second circuit layer moves relative to the first circuit layer, the coupling or separation among the N branches is realized through the K connecting branches so as to control the connection or disconnection of the N branches.
In one embodiment, the N branches include a first input branch, a first output branch, a second input branch and a second output branch, the first input branch is electrically connected with the antenna signal input end, and the second output branch is electrically connected with the first antenna radiating unit;
the M branches comprise a third input branch, a third output branch and a fourth output branch, the third input branch is electrically connected with the first output branch, the third output branch is electrically connected with the second input branch, and the fourth output branch is electrically connected with the second antenna radiation unit; wherein,
when the second circuit layer moves to a first position relative to the first circuit layer, the first input branch is conducted with the first output branch, the second input branch is conducted with the second output branch, and the first antenna radiation unit and the second antenna radiation unit work;
when the second circuit layer moves to a second position relative to the first circuit layer, the first input branch and the second output branch are conducted, and the first antenna radiation unit works.
In one embodiment, the N branches include a plurality of second output branches, each of which is electrically connected to one of the first antenna radiating elements; the M branches comprise a plurality of fourth output branches, and each fourth output branch is electrically connected with one second antenna radiation unit.
In one embodiment, the switch mechanism includes a first substrate, the second circuit layer is disposed on the first substrate, and the first substrate can move relative to the first circuit layer to drive the second circuit layer to move relative to the first circuit layer.
In one embodiment, the phase shift mechanism includes a first dielectric plate that is movable relative to the third circuit layer, and the first dielectric plate is independent of the first substrate.
In one embodiment, the phase shift mechanism includes a second dielectric plate, and the second dielectric plate is capable of moving relative to the third circuit layer and driving the first substrate to move relative to the first circuit layer, so as to drive the second circuit layer to move relative to the first circuit layer.
In one embodiment, the first substrate is provided with a first inclined end face forming an included angle with the moving direction of the second dielectric plate and a second inclined end face corresponding to the first inclined end face, and the second dielectric plate is provided with a groove accommodating the first substrate and adapted to the first substrate, wherein,
when the second dielectric plate moves relative to the third circuit layer, the first substrate is driven to move relative to the first circuit layer under the action force generated by the first oblique end face and the second oblique end face.
In one embodiment, the phase shifter further comprises a cavity, and the switch mechanism and the phase shifting mechanism are both arranged in the cavity.
An antenna comprises the phase shifter.
The phase shifter and the antenna comprise a switching mechanism and a phase shifting mechanism, wherein the switching mechanism comprises a first circuit layer and a second circuit layer, the first circuit layer comprises N branches which are disconnected with each other, the phase shifting mechanism comprises a third circuit layer, the third circuit layer comprises M branches which are electrically connected with each other, the N branches are correspondingly and electrically connected with at least one of an antenna signal input end, a first antenna radiation unit and the M branches, the rest branches in the M branches are electrically connected with a second antenna radiation unit, and the second circuit layer can move relative to the first circuit layer to control the connection or disconnection of the N branches and select the first antenna radiation unit or the second antenna radiation unit to work. Therefore, the number of the radiation units of the accessed antenna can be changed, and the adjustment of the beam width of the antenna is further realized so as to cover areas in different ranges.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a phase shifter according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the switching mechanism of the phase shifter of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a port connection of a phase shifter according to one embodiment;
FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of the opening mechanism of the phase shifter of FIG. 1 in a first position;
FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram illustrating a switching mechanism of the phase shifter of FIG. 1 in a second position;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a phase shifter according to another embodiment;
FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of a circuit layer of the phase shifter of FIG. 5;
FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram of the phase shifter of FIG. 5 in a first position;
FIG. 6c is a schematic diagram of the phase shifter of FIG. 5 in a second position;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first substrate and a second dielectric plate in the phase shifter shown in FIG. 5.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a phase shifter according to an embodiment, fig. 2 is an exploded view of a switch mechanism in the phase shifter shown in fig. 1, and fig. 3 is a port connection diagram of the phase shifter according to an embodiment. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the phase shifter includes: a switching mechanism 10 and a phase shifting mechanism 20, the switching mechanism 10 comprising a first circuit layer 11 and a second circuit layer 12, the first circuit layer 11 comprising N branches (e.g. branches 111, 112, 113 and 114) in an open state; phase shifting mechanism 20 includes a third circuit layer 21, and third circuit layer 21 includes M branches (e.g., branches 211, 212, and 213) electrically connected to each other. The N branches are electrically connected to the antenna signal input terminal (not shown), the first antenna radiating element (not shown), and at least one of the M branches, the remaining branches of the M branches are electrically connected to the second antenna radiating element (not shown), and the second circuit layer 12 can move relative to the first circuit layer 11 to control the on/off of the N branches, so as to select the first antenna radiating element or the second antenna radiating element to operate.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, the phase shifter of the present application may include a switching mechanism 10 and a phase shifting mechanism 20, the switching mechanism 10 includes a first circuit layer 11 and a second circuit layer 12, the first circuit layer 11 includes N branches that are in an off state, that is, the N branches are arranged in an insulated manner from each other, the phase shifting mechanism 20 includes a third circuit layer 21, and the third circuit layer 21 includes M branches that are electrically connected to each other, that is, the M branches are arranged in a conductive manner from each other, where N and M are positive integers, which may be selected according to actual needs.
When in use, the input port of the switch mechanism 10 is electrically connected to the antenna signal input terminal, the remaining ports are electrically connected to the phase shift mechanism 20 and the first antenna radiation unit, and the remaining ports of the phase shift mechanism 20 are electrically connected to the second antenna radiation unit. Thus, when the second circuit layer 12 moves to the first position relative to the first circuit layer 11, under the action of the second circuit layer 12, a part of the N branches in the first circuit layer 11 may be turned on, and the rest branches may be turned off, so as to select the corresponding antenna radiation unit to operate, for example, select the first antenna radiation unit and the second antenna radiation unit to operate, where the antenna has a narrow beam; when the second circuit layer 12 moves to a second position (different from the first position) relative to the first circuit layer 11, under the action of the second circuit layer 12, a part of the N branches in the first circuit layer 11 may be turned on (different from the case of the first position), and the rest of the N branches may be turned off, so as to select the corresponding antenna radiation unit to operate, for example, only select the first antenna radiation unit to operate, where the antenna has a wide beam. Therefore, by changing the position of the second circuit layer relative to the first circuit layer, the number of the accessed antenna radiation units can be changed, and further the beam width of the antenna is changed, so that the antenna can be suitable for different scene coverage requirements.
In this embodiment, the on-off condition of the branch in the first circuit layer can be controlled by controlling the position relationship of the second circuit layer with respect to the first circuit layer, so as to change the number of the radiation units connected to the antenna, that is, change the number of the working oscillators in the array, thereby changing the beam width of the antenna, realizing the adjustment of the beam width of the antenna, and further realizing the adjustment of the coverage area.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2-3, the second circuit layer 12 includes K connecting branches (e.g., connecting branches 121, 122, and 123) in a disconnected state from each other, and the K connecting branches are disposed between the N connecting branches, wherein when the second circuit layer 12 moves relative to the first circuit layer 11, the N connecting branches are coupled or separated through the K connecting branches to control the N connecting branches to be connected or disconnected.
That is, the N branches in the first circuit layer 11 at different positions can be turned on and off by providing corresponding connection branches. Specifically, K connecting branches that are disconnected from each other may be disposed on the second circuit layer 12, and the disposed K connecting branches are matched with N connecting branches in the first circuit layer 11, for example, when the second circuit layer 12 moves to the first position relative to the first circuit layer 11, a part of the K connecting branches is just connected with a part of the N connecting branches, so as to achieve coupling between the part of the K connecting branches, and further, the part of the K connecting branches is in a conducting state; when the second circuit layer 12 moves to the second position relative to the first circuit layer 11, the connecting branches originally connected to some of the N branches are moved, and the some branches are in a disconnected state, and meanwhile, the rest of the connecting branches are just connected to some of the N branches, so as to realize the coupling between the some branches, and further make the some branches in a connected state. Therefore, the N branches in the first circuit layer can be switched on and off through the arrangement of the connecting branches, and then the selection of the connected antenna radiation units is realized.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2-3, the N branches include a first input branch 111, a first output branch 112, a second input branch 113, and a second output branch 114, the first input branch 111 is electrically connected to the antenna signal input terminal, and the second output branch 114 is electrically connected to the first antenna radiating element; the M branches include a third input branch 211, a third output branch 212, and a fourth output branch 213, where the third input branch 211 is electrically connected to the first output branch 112, the third output branch 212 is electrically connected to the second input branch 113, and the fourth output branch 213 is electrically connected to the second antenna radiation unit. When the second circuit layer 12 moves to the first position relative to the first circuit layer 11, the first input branch 111 is conducted with the first output branch 112, the second input branch 113 is conducted with the second output branch 114, and the first antenna radiation unit and the second antenna radiation unit operate; when the second circuit layer 12 moves to the second position relative to the first circuit layer 11, the first input branch 111 and the second output branch 114 are conducted, and the first antenna radiating unit operates.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2-3, the N branches in the first circuit layer 11 may include four branches, i.e., a first input branch 111, a first output branch 112, a second input branch 113, and a second output branch 114, which are insulated from each other; the K connection branches in the second circuit layer 12 may include three connection branches, which are the first connection branch 121, the second connection branch 122, and the third connection branch 123, and the three connection branches are insulated from each other; the M branches in the third circuit layer 21 may include three branches, namely, a third input branch 211, a third output branch 212, and a fourth output branch 213, and the three branches are in communication with each other.
IN use, the first input branch 111 IN the first circuit layer 11 may be electrically connected to the antenna signal input terminal through the first input port IN1, the first output branch 112 may be electrically connected to the third input branch 211 IN the third circuit layer 21 through the first output port P1, the connection cable 40 and the third input port IN3, the third output branch 212 IN the third circuit layer 21 may be electrically connected to the second input branch 113 IN the first circuit layer 11 through the third output port S5, the connection cable 40 and the second input port IN2, the second output branch 114 may be electrically connected to the first antenna radiation unit through the second output port P2, and the fourth output branch 213 IN the third circuit layer 21 may be electrically connected to the second antenna radiation unit through the fourth output port, such as S1.
When the second circuit layer 12 moves to the first position relative to the first circuit layer 11, as shown in fig. 4a, the first input branch 111 is communicated with the first output branch 112 through the second connecting branch 122, the second input branch 113 is communicated with the second output branch 114 through the first connecting branch 121, and the rest branches are disconnected, at this time, the first antenna radiation unit connected to the second output branch 114 and the second antenna radiation unit connected to the fourth output branch 213 operate, and the antenna is in a narrow beam state, that is, has a value of a narrow beam; when the second circuit layer 12 moves to the second position relative to the first circuit layer 11, as shown in fig. 4b, the first input branch 111 is connected to the second output branch 114 through the third connecting branch 123, and the other branches are disconnected, at this time, the first antenna radiation unit connected to the second output branch 114 is operated, and the second antenna radiation unit connected to the fourth output branch 213 is not operated, and the antenna is in a wide beam state, i.e. has a wide beam value. Thereby, switching of antenna beams is achieved.
In this embodiment, when the second circuit layer moves to different positions relative to the first circuit layer, part of the branches in the first circuit layer are in a conducting state through the corresponding connecting branches, and then different radiating elements are selected to work, that is, different radiating elements are selected to work in a multi-section coupling feed mode, so that the adjustment of the beam width of the antenna is realized, and then the antenna can cover different areas.
It should be noted that the above embodiment is only used as a specific example of the present application, and in other specific examples of the present application, the connection between the first output branch 112 and different phase shifting mechanisms 20 may be adjusted according to different antenna requirements, so as to meet specific requirements of the antenna on radiation characteristics.
In addition, in other specific examples of the present application, the number and layout of N branches in the first circuit layer 11, the number and layout of K branches in the second circuit layer 12, and the number and layout of M branches in the third circuit layer 21 may be other. For example, the N branches in the first circuit layer 11 may include three branches, which are a first input branch, a first output branch and a second output branch, respectively, the K connecting branches in the second circuit layer 12 may include three connecting branches, which are a first connecting branch, a second connecting branch and a third connecting branch, respectively, and the M branches in the third circuit layer 21 may include two branches, which are a third input branch and a third output branch, respectively. The first input branch is electrically connected with the antenna signal input end, the first output branch is electrically connected with the third input branch, the second output branch is electrically connected with the first antenna radiation unit, the third output branch is electrically connected with the second antenna radiation unit, and when the second circuit layer 12 moves to a first position relative to the first circuit layer 11, the first input branch is communicated with the first output branch through the second connection branch and is communicated with the second output branch through the first connection branch, the rest branches are disconnected, at this time, the first antenna radiation unit and the second antenna radiation unit work, and the antenna has a value of a narrow beam; when the second circuit layer 12 moves to the second position relative to the first circuit layer 11, the first input branch is communicated with the second output branch through the third connecting branch, and the rest branches are all disconnected, at this time, only the first antenna radiation unit works, or the first input branch is communicated with the first output branch through the third connecting branch, the rest branches are all disconnected, at this time, only the second antenna radiation unit works, and the antenna has a wide beam value.
Therefore, according to the embodiments provided by the present application, a person skilled in the art can adjust the number of the radiation units of the accessed antenna by appropriately adjusting the number of the branches and the layout of the branches according to different requirements of the antenna, so as to adjust the beam width of the antenna and further adjust the coverage area, which is not specifically illustrated herein.
In one embodiment, the N branches include a plurality of second output branches 114, each second output branch 114 being electrically connected to one first antenna radiating element; the M branches include a plurality of fourth output branches 213, and each fourth output branch 213 is electrically connected to one second antenna radiation unit.
Specifically, the number of the second output branches 114 and the number of the fourth output branches 213 may be set according to actual conditions, and specifically may be determined according to the installation conditions of the first circuit layer 11 and the second circuit layer 12 and the connection condition between the first circuit layer 11 and the third circuit layer 21. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 4 a-4 b, the number of the second output branches 114 may be one, and the number of the fourth output branches 213 may be four (the ports of the four fourth output branches 213 correspond to the fourth output ports S1, S2, S3 and S4), so that when the second circuit layer 12 is in the first position, the antenna has a narrower beam width, and when the second circuit layer 12 is in the second position, the antenna has a relatively wider beam width. Of course, this is by way of example only and is not intended as a specific limitation on the present application.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the switch mechanism 10 includes a first substrate 13, a second circuit layer 12 disposed on the first substrate 13, and the first substrate 13 is capable of moving relative to the first circuit layer 11 to move the second circuit layer 12 relative to the first circuit layer 11.
Specifically, the switch mechanism 10 may include a first circuit layer 11, a second circuit layer 12 and a first substrate 13, where the second circuit layer 12 is disposed on the first substrate 13, and the first substrate 13 is capable of moving relative to the first circuit layer 11, so that in the position switching process, since the first substrate 13 is capable of moving relative to the first circuit layer 11 and the K connecting branches in the second circuit layer 12 are disposed on the first substrate 13, when the first substrate 13 moves, the K connecting branches in the second circuit layer 12 may be switched between the first position and the second position, thereby implementing connection or disconnection of the N connecting branches in the first circuit layer 11.
Wherein the movement of the first substrate 13 relative to the first circuit layer 11 includes a forward movement (as indicated by the solid arrows in fig. 4a and 4 b) and a reverse movement (as indicated by the hollow arrows in fig. 4a and 4 b), the switching of the second circuit layer 12 from the first position to the second position is realized by the forward movement of the first substrate 13, and the switching of the second circuit layer 12 from the second position to the first position is realized by the reverse movement of the first substrate 13, and by this way of unidirectional control, the structure of the phase shifter can be simplified.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the phase shift mechanism 20 includes a first dielectric plate 22, the first dielectric plate 22 is capable of moving relative to the third circuit layer 21, and the first dielectric plate 22 is independent of the first substrate 13.
That is, the switching mechanism 10 and the phase shift mechanism 20 may be separately provided. Specifically, the switching mechanism 10 may include a first circuit layer 11, a second circuit layer 12, and a first substrate 13, the second circuit layer 12 being provided on the first substrate 13, and the first substrate 13 being movable with respect to the first circuit layer 11, and the phase shift mechanism 20 may include a third circuit layer 21 and a first dielectric plate 22, and the first dielectric plate 22 being movable with respect to the third circuit layer 21. When the first substrate 13 moves to the first position, referring to fig. 4a, the second connecting branch 122 on the first substrate 13 couples and connects the first input branch 111 and the first output branch 112, the first input branch 111 communicates with the first output branch 112, the first connecting branch 121 on the first substrate 13 couples and connects the second input branch 113 and the second output branch 114, the second input branch 113 communicates with the second output branch 114, and at this time, the first antenna radiating unit and the second antenna radiating unit operate, and the antenna is in a narrow beam state, that is, the antenna has a narrow beam value. In a narrow beam state, by moving the first dielectric plate 22, the overlapping area between the first dielectric plate 22 and the third circuit layer 21 can be changed, and further, the length of the fourth output branch 213 covering the medium in the third circuit layer 21 is changed, so that the phase change of each port in the phase shift mechanism 20 is realized, that is, the phase change of the oscillator port in the array is realized, and thus the beam downtilt of the antenna is realized; when the first substrate 13 moves to the second position, referring to fig. 4b, the third connecting branch 123 on the first substrate 13 is coupled to connect the first input branch 111 and the second output branch 114, and the first input branch 111 is communicated with the second output branch 114, at this time, the first antenna radiating unit is operated, the second antenna radiating unit is not operated, and the antenna is in a wide beam state, that is, the antenna has a relatively wide beam width, thereby implementing switching of antenna beams.
In this embodiment, the switching mechanism and the phase shifting mechanism are separately arranged and controlled by different transmission mechanisms, that is, the first substrate is controlled independently to realize the connection or disconnection of the input branch and the output branch, so as to realize the adjustment of the beam width of the antenna, and the first dielectric plate is controlled independently to realize the downtilt of the antenna beam, so that the antenna beam phase shifting device is suitable for different application scenarios, and the use flexibility of the phase shifter is improved.
In another embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the phase shift mechanism 20 includes a second dielectric plate 23, and the second dielectric plate 23 can move relative to the third circuit layer 21 and can drive the first substrate 13 to move relative to the first circuit layer 11, so as to drive the second circuit layer 12 to move relative to the first circuit layer 11.
That is, the switching mechanism 10 and the phase shift mechanism 20 can be controlled not only by different transmission mechanisms but also by changing the transmission manner. Specifically, the switch mechanism 10 may include a first circuit layer 11, a second circuit layer 12 and a first substrate 13, the second circuit layer 12 is disposed on the first substrate 13, the phase shift mechanism 20 may include a third circuit layer 21 and a second dielectric plate 23, the second dielectric plate 23 may cover the first circuit layer 11 and the third circuit layer 21, and the second dielectric plate 23 may move relative to the third circuit layer 21 and may drive the first substrate 13 to move relative to the first circuit layer 11, so as to drive the second circuit layer 12 to move relative to the first circuit layer 11.
Wherein the movement of the second dielectric sheet 23 relative to the third circuit layer 21 comprises a forward movement (in the direction indicated by the solid arrow in fig. 6 a-6 c) and a reverse movement (in the direction indicated by the hollow arrow in fig. 6 a-6 c), the switching of the second circuit layer 12 from the first position to the second position is achieved by the forward movement of the second dielectric sheet 23, and the switching of the second circuit layer 12 from the second position to the first position is achieved by the reverse movement of the second dielectric sheet 23. When the second dielectric plate 23 moves in a reverse direction relative to the third circuit layer 21 to move the second circuit layer 12 to the first position, as shown in fig. 6b, the first input branch 111 is communicated with the first output branch 112, the second input branch 113 is communicated with the second output branch 114, at this time, the first antenna radiating unit and the second antenna radiating unit operate, the antenna has a narrow beam value, and meanwhile, by moving the second dielectric plate 23, the overlapping area between the second dielectric plate 23 and the third circuit layer 21 can be changed, so as to change the length of the medium covered by the fourth output branch 213 in the third circuit layer 21, and thus, the phase change of each port in the phase shift mechanism 20 is realized, and the adjustment of the antenna downward inclination angle is realized; when the second dielectric plate 23 moves forward relative to the third circuit layer 21 to move the second circuit layer 12 to the second position, referring to fig. 6c, the first input branch 111 and the second output branch 114 are connected, the first antenna radiating element is operated, the second antenna radiating element is not operated, and the antenna has a wide beam value to realize the switching of the antenna beam.
In this embodiment, since the second dielectric plate crosses over the first circuit layer in the switch mechanism and the third circuit layer in the phase shift mechanism, the state of the switch structure and the phase shift amount of the phase shift mechanism can be simultaneously controlled by the movement of the second dielectric plate, so as to simultaneously realize the switching of the antenna beam and the downward tilting of the antenna beam, and the overall structure can be made simple and compact by uniformly controlling the switch mechanism and the phase shift mechanism.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 7, the first substrate 13 is provided with a first inclined end surface a1 forming an angle with the moving direction of the second dielectric plate 23 and a second inclined end surface a2 corresponding to the first inclined end surface a1, and the second dielectric plate 23 is formed with a groove 231 accommodating the first substrate 13 and adapted to the first substrate 13, wherein when the second dielectric plate 23 moves relative to the third circuit layer 21, the first substrate 13 is driven to move relative to the first circuit layer 11 under the action force generated by the first inclined end surface a1 and the second inclined end surface a 2.
Specifically, referring to fig. 7, the shape of the first substrate 13 may be a parallelogram, and the included angle of the parallelogram may be set according to actual requirements, and preferably, the included angle of the parallelogram is 45 degrees. A groove 231 for accommodating the first substrate 13 and adapted to the first substrate 13 is formed on the second dielectric plate 23, the groove 231 may include a first groove 2311 and a second groove 2312 which are communicated, the shapes of the first groove 2311 and the second groove 2322 are both parallelogram, and the included angles are the same as the included angle of the first substrate 13, and the length of the first groove 2311 (along the moving direction of the second dielectric plate 23) is adapted to the length of the first substrate 13 (along the moving direction of the second dielectric plate 23), for example, the length of the first groove 2311 is slightly greater than the length of the first substrate 13, and the width of the first groove 2311 is greater than the width of the first substrate 13; the width of the second recess 2322 is matched with the width of the first substrate 13, for example, the width of the second recess 2322 (perpendicular to the moving direction of the second dielectric plate 23) is slightly larger than the width of the first substrate 13, and the length of the second recess 2322 is larger than the length of the first substrate 13. When the second dielectric plate 23 moves, the first substrate 13 generates a force to push the first substrate 13 to move towards the moving direction of the second dielectric plate 23 by using the inclined surface (the first inclined end surface a1 or the second inclined end surface a2) with an included angle of the first substrate 13 in the moving process of the second dielectric plate 23, so that the first substrate 13 drives the second circuit layer 12 to switch between the first position and the second position along an inclined track.
In this embodiment, be the inclined end face of contained angle through the direction of motion that sets up on first base plate and second medium plate to set up on the second medium plate and can hold first base plate and with the recess of first base plate looks adaptation, not only can drive first base plate and remove at the in-process that the second medium plate removed, whole mode easily realizes moreover, also can not destroy the original structure of cavity that moves the ware simultaneously. Namely, when the switch mechanism and the phase shift mechanism are separately arranged, the beam width switching and the phase shift can be controlled through the control of the same transmission mechanism, and the adjustment of the antenna beam width and the antenna beam downtilt are realized.
In an embodiment, the phase shifter further includes a cavity 30, the cavity 30 may be a metal cavity, and the switch mechanism 10 and the phase shifting mechanism 20 are both disposed in the cavity 30, so that switching of antenna beams and adjustment of a radiation angle down-dip can be achieved in the same cavity, the whole layout is simple, and cost can be reduced. In addition, when the switching mechanism 10 and the phase shift mechanism 20 are integrated in the same cavity 30, the switching mechanism 10 and the phase shift mechanism 20 may be integrally designed, for example, by disposing the first circuit layer 11 and the third circuit layer 21 on the same substrate and connecting them by an external connection cable.
In practical applications, the number of the switch mechanisms 10 can be set according to practical requirements, for example, the switch mechanisms 10 can be one or more, one or more switch mechanisms 10 can be integrated with the phase shift mechanism 20 in the same cavity 30, or can be separated into two or more different components. For example, when the switching mechanism 10 includes one, the switching mechanism 10 may be integrated with the phase shift mechanism 20 in the same cavity 30, or may be disposed in two different cavities to form two different components; when the switch mechanism 10 includes a plurality of switch mechanisms 10, the plurality of switch mechanisms 10 and the phase shift mechanism 20 may be integrated in the same cavity 30, or the plurality of switch mechanisms 10 may be integrated in one cavity, and the phase shift mechanism 20 may be disposed in another cavity to form two different components, so as to replace the switch mechanism 10 or the phase shift mechanism 20, or each switch mechanism 10 may be disposed in one cavity, so as to form a plurality of different components, so as to replace each component or optionally match each component according to actual requirements, thereby facilitating the use of users.
The phase shifter comprises a switch mechanism and a phase shifting mechanism, wherein the switch mechanism can realize the connection or disconnection of the branches by controlling the positions of the second circuit layer and the first circuit layer, so that the number of radiation units connected to the antenna is changed, the adjustment of the beam width of the antenna is realized, the adjustment of coverage areas of different scenes is further realized, and meanwhile, the phase shifting mechanism changes the phase of an output port by changing the length of a covering medium on the output branch, so that the adjustment of the downward inclination angle of the antenna is realized. Namely, the phase shifter can not only realize the adjustment of the beam width of the antenna, but also realize the adjustment of the downward inclination angle of the antenna so as to meet the actual requirements of users, and the whole phase shifter has simple and compact structure and wide application prospect.
The application also provides an antenna, which comprises the phase shifter.
Specifically, the antenna may include the phase shifter, a feed network, and an antenna radiation unit correspondingly connected to an output port of the phase shifter, where the feed network is provided with an antenna signal input end through which a communication signal is provided to the phase shifter. When the antenna works, the working process of the antenna can refer to the working process of the phase shifter, and details are not repeated here.
The antenna adopts the phase shifter, not only can realize the adjustment of the beam width value, thereby being capable of adjusting the beam width of the antenna according to actual needs in practical application to cover areas in different ranges, but also realizing the adjustment of the downward inclination angle of the antenna.
It should be noted that, the references to "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" in this application do not denote any particular quantity or order, but rather are used for identifying names. And the expressions "first position" and "second position" are only for indicating that the second circuit layer has a position for switching the branches in the first circuit layer, and the position can be set according to actual conditions.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features. The above examples only show some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A phase shifter, comprising:
the switching mechanism comprises a first circuit layer and a second circuit layer, the first circuit layer comprises N branches which are mutually in a disconnected state, and N is a positive integer;
the phase shifting mechanism comprises a third circuit layer, the third circuit layer comprises M branches which are electrically connected with each other, and M is a positive integer; wherein,
n branch road and antenna signal input end, first antenna radiation unit and M at least one branch road in the branch road correspond the electricity and are connected, and the remaining branch road in M branch road is connected with second antenna radiation unit electricity, and the second circuit layer can move for first circuit layer, the switching on or the disconnection of N branch road of control to select first antenna radiation unit or second antenna radiation unit work.
2. Phase shifter as in claim 1, characterized in that the second circuit layer comprises K connection branches in a disconnected state from each other, the K connection branches being arranged between N branches, K being a positive integer, wherein,
when the second circuit layer moves relative to the first circuit layer, the coupling or separation among the N branches is realized through the K connecting branches so as to control the connection or disconnection of the N branches.
3. Phase shifter as in claim 1,
the N branches comprise a first input branch, a first output branch, a second input branch and a second output branch, the first input branch is electrically connected with the antenna signal input end, and the second output branch is electrically connected with the first antenna radiating unit;
the M branches comprise a third input branch, a third output branch and a fourth output branch, the third input branch is electrically connected with the first output branch, the third output branch is electrically connected with the second input branch, and the fourth output branch is electrically connected with the second antenna radiation unit; wherein,
when the second circuit layer moves to a first position relative to the first circuit layer, the first input branch is conducted with the first output branch, the second input branch is conducted with the second output branch, and the first antenna radiation unit and the second antenna radiation unit work;
when the second circuit layer moves to a second position relative to the first circuit layer, the first input branch and the second output branch are conducted, and the first antenna radiation unit works.
4. A phase shifter as claimed in claim 3, wherein the N branches comprise a plurality of second output branches, each of the second output branches being electrically connected to one of the first antenna radiating elements; the M branches comprise a plurality of fourth output branches, and each fourth output branch is electrically connected with one second antenna radiation unit.
5. Phase shifter as in any of the claims 1-4, characterized in that the switching mechanism comprises a first substrate on which the second circuit layer is provided, and that the first substrate is movable in relation to the first circuit layer for bringing the second circuit layer to move in relation to the first circuit layer.
6. The phase shifter of claim 5, wherein the phase shift mechanism includes a first dielectric plate, the first dielectric plate being movable relative to the third circuit layer, and the first dielectric plate being independent of the first substrate.
7. The phase shifter of claim 5, wherein the phase shifting mechanism includes a second dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate being movable with respect to the third circuit layer and being capable of moving the first substrate with respect to the first circuit layer to move the second circuit layer with respect to the first circuit layer.
8. The phase shifter as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first substrate is provided with a first inclined end surface forming an angle with the moving direction of the second dielectric plate and a second inclined end surface corresponding to the first inclined end surface, and the second dielectric plate is formed with a recess receiving the first substrate and adapted to the first substrate, wherein,
when the second dielectric plate moves relative to the third circuit layer, the first substrate is driven to move relative to the first circuit layer under the action force generated by the first oblique end face and the second oblique end face.
9. The phase shifter of claim 1, further comprising a chamber, wherein the switching mechanism and the phase shifting mechanism are disposed within the chamber.
10. An antenna, characterized in that it comprises a phase shifter according to any one of claims 1-9.
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| CN201910202860.6A CN109921157B (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | Phase shifter and antenna |
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| CN201910202860.6A CN109921157B (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | Phase shifter and antenna |
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| CN109921157B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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