CN109917829A - A kind of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device and its control method - Google Patents
A kind of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device and its control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to wind tunnel test corollary equipment fields, and specifically disclose a kind of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device and its control method, it includes temperature difference grid, fixed type temperature sensor, movable temperature sensor and temperature controller, and the Temperature Distribution of its each layer of temperature difference grid measured according to fixed type temperature sensor and movable temperature sensor and the Temperature Distribution of target position calculate and obtain temperature coefficient matrix when control；Then temperature needed for the target temperature gradient according to needed for temperature coefficient matrix and target position calculates acquisition each layer of temperature difference grid；Last controller makes each layer reach required temperature according to the heating coil for the Temperature Distribution control each layer of temperature difference grid for calculating each layer of temperature difference grid obtained.The present invention can be layered air-flow, and carry out independent heating to the air-flow after layering to obtain different temperature gradients, to carry out hierarchical simulation to air-flow, and realize the temperature gradient control of each layer air-flow.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wind tunnel test corollary equipment fields, more particularly, to a kind of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device
And its control method.
Background technique
Wind-tunnel refers in a pipe-line system by certain requirement design, drives controllable gas using power device
Stream, the equipment that various aerodynamic tests are carried out according to motion composition and similarity principle.Boundary layer wind tunnel is used exclusively for
The long test section wind-tunnel of wind engineering test, difference depending on the application can be divided into building wind-tunnel, environmental wind tunnel, automobile specified wind-tunnel
Deng wherein building wind-tunnel is substantially carried out the anti-wind research of civil engineering structure, such as skyscraper, large bridge, electric power pylon
The anti-wind research of structure.
Conventional atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel is mostly used greatly in existing boundary layer wind tunnel test, such as perhaps big (Xu Wei, atmosphere side
The numerical simulation [D] of interlayer wind-tunnel Wind Field, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2007) for the small test section foundation of Harbin Institute of Technology's wind-tunnel
Full size model, wedge, the rough element apparatus in passive simulation technology is introduced into Numerical Wind Tunnel, has been carried out to atmosphere side
The numerical simulation study of interlayer wind field；Wang Zhaoyin (wind tunnel simulation [J] Experimental Mechanics of Wang Zhaoyin atmospheric boundary layer, 1998,13
(3): 283-392) by comparing the model experiment of atmospheric boundary layer and not year-on-year ruler, the ratio ruler in wind tunnel simulation is had studied
Effect.The premise of above-mentioned atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel test assumes that air-flow is not layered, and the air-flow of actually distinct position its
Temperature can not be properly termed as equally there are certain gradient, therefore above-mentioned wind tunnel test cannot achieve to different air-flows
It is layered strong and weak simulation.In order to carry out the wind tunnel test for considering that air-flow layering influences, the simulation to different airflow layers, ability are realized
A set of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device and method is urgently developed in domain, to realize the temperature gradient control of each layer of air-flow, so that it is right
Different air-flow layerings are simulated.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control devices
And its control method, by the key component such as structure of temperature difference grid, temperature sensor assembly and temperature controller and its
The research and design of specific fit system, while can be real, it can be achieved that air-flow layering and be independently controlled to each layer gas flow temperature
Now using the Temperature Distribution of test objective position as the temperature difference grid self adaptive control of target, there is structure to be simple and convenient to operate
Advantage, the air-flow hierarchical simulation suitable for wind tunnel test.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device is proposed,
Including temperature difference grid, temperature sensor assembly and temperature controller, in which:
The temperature difference grid is multilayered structure, and the end of Wind Tunnel Contraction is arranged in, and is used for Wind Tunnel Contraction end
Air-flow be layered, be provided with heating coil on each layer of the temperature difference grid；
The temperature sensor assembly includes fixed type temperature sensor and movable temperature sensor, wherein fixed temperature
The quantity for spending sensor is corresponding with the number of plies of the temperature difference grid, is set in each layer of temperature difference grid and passes through temperature difference grid with measurement
Gas flow temperature after each layer of lattice, the quantity of movable temperature sensor is equally corresponding with the number of plies of the temperature difference grid, is set to
Target position is to measure the Temperature Distribution of target position；
The temperature controller is connected with the heating coil, fixed type temperature sensor and movable temperature sensor,
It is used to realize that the temperature of each layer of temperature difference grid is adjusted by heating coil, so that target position reaches required target temperature
Gradient.
As it is further preferred that every layer of the temperature difference grid includes the insulation board from top to bottom set gradually, absolutely
Hot plate and bearing plate, the heating coil are set on the insulation board.
As it is further preferred that the movable temperature sensor be preferably provided at the temperature difference grid go out stream end,
And it is located at the middle part of temperature difference grid adjacent two layers.
As it is further preferred that the movable temperature sensor arrangement height and spacing preferably with it is described fixed
The arrangement height of temperature sensor is identical with spacing.
As it is further preferred that specifically target position is made to reach required target temperature gradient in the following way:
The Temperature Distribution for each layer of temperature difference grid that S1 is measured according to fixed type temperature sensor and movable temperature sensor
It is calculated with the Temperature Distribution of target position and obtains temperature coefficient matrix；
S2 target temperature gradient according to needed for temperature coefficient matrix and target position, which calculates, obtains each layer of temperature difference grid
Temperature Distribution；
S3 controller controls the heater wire of each layer of temperature difference grid according to the Temperature Distribution for calculating each layer of temperature difference grid obtained
Circle makes each layer reach required temperature.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that providing a kind of control method of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device comprising
Following steps:
The Temperature Distribution for each layer of temperature difference grid that S1 is measured according to fixed type temperature sensor and movable temperature sensor
It is calculated with the Temperature Distribution of target position and obtains temperature coefficient matrix；
S2 target temperature gradient according to needed for temperature coefficient matrix and target position, which calculates, obtains each layer institute of temperature difference grid
The temperature needed；
S3 controller controls the heater wire of each layer of temperature difference grid according to the Temperature Distribution for calculating each layer of temperature difference grid obtained
Circle makes each layer reach required temperature.
As it is further preferred that step S1 specifically includes following sub-step:
S11 heats the first layer of temperature difference grid, and remainder layer does not heat, and measures mesh using movable temperature sensor
The Temperature Distribution of cursor position calculates acquisition according to the temperature of temperature difference grid first layer and the Temperature Distribution of target position and this layer right
The temperature coefficient answered；
S12 repeats step S11 to traverse each layer of temperature difference grid, obtains temperature coefficient corresponding with each layer, utilizes each layer
Temperature coefficient construct temperature coefficient matrix.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, mainly have below
Technological merit:
1. present invention research obtains a set of temperature gradient control device that can be used for wind tunnel test, can be right by the device
Air-flow is layered, and to after layering air-flow carry out independent heating to obtain different temperature gradients, thus can to air-flow into
Row hierarchical simulation, and realize the temperature gradient control of each layer air-flow.
2. the temperature sensor assembly in the present invention is divided into two groups, one group be it is fixed, set on the end of each layer of temperature difference grid
End, to obtain the gas flow temperature after the heating of each grid layer, one group be it is movable, set on target position with the temperature of Observed Position
Degree distribution, can obtain temperature coefficient matrix between the two by the Temperature Distribution of grid layer and target location, be subsequent
Grid layer self adaptive control and adjusting provide related data.
3. heating coil that is independent and being connected with temperature controller is provided in each grid layer of the invention, with this
The independent heating control of each grid layer can be realized by temperature controller, and can adjust each grid by the target temperature of target position
The temperature of compartment, so that obtaining target position reaches required target temperature.
4. since the immixture of incoming flow, the conduction of heat of air-flow and wind-tunnel and extraneous heat bridge effect meeting are so that temperature
The Temperature Distribution of poor grid end will change when reaching target position, therefore need to be according to the target temperature pair of target position
Each layer temperature of temperature difference grid carries out self adaptive control, the temperature coefficient square that the present invention passes through first acquisition temperature difference grid and target position
Then battle array calculates temperature needed for obtaining each layer of temperature difference grid using the target temperature gradient of temperature coefficient matrix combining target position
Degree finally reaches required temperature, Jin Erbao according to the heating coil that the temperature adjusts each layer of temperature difference grid using controller
The temperature for demonstrate,proving target position is required target temperature, is realized using this using test objective position Temperature Distribution as the temperature difference of target
Grid self adaptive control effectively prevents the immixture of incoming flow, the conduction of heat of air-flow and wind-tunnel and extraneous heat bridge
The influence to target position temperature is acted on, guarantees the accuracy and reliability of test.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the active self adaptive control schematic diagram of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1- heating coil 2- insulation board 3- heat-insulating shield 4- bearing plate 5- temperature sensor assembly 6- bracket 7- temperature control
Device processed.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprising temperature difference grid,
Temperature sensor assembly 5 and temperature controller 7, wherein temperature difference grid is multilayered structure, and the end of Wind Tunnel Contraction is arranged in
End, for the air-flow of Wind Tunnel Contraction end to be layered, is provided with heater wire on each layer (impeller) of temperature difference grid
Circle 1, is heated with each layer to temperature difference grid；Temperature sensor assembly 5 includes fixed type temperature sensor and movable temperature
Sensor is spent, wherein the quantity of fixed type temperature sensor is corresponding with the number of plies of temperature difference grid, is set to each layer of temperature difference grid
In to measure through the gas flow temperature after each layer of temperature difference grid, the quantity of movable temperature sensor equally with the temperature difference grid
The number of plies it is corresponding, be set to target position to measure the Temperature Distribution of target position, wherein target position can be according to test need
It is selected, is not limited herein；Temperature controller 7 and the heating coil 1, fixed type temperature sensor and movable temperature
Sensor is connected, and is used to realize that the temperature of each layer of temperature difference grid is adjusted by heating coil 1, so that target position reaches institute
The target temperature gradient needed.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, every layer of temperature difference grid includes insulation board 2, the heat-insulating shield from top to bottom set gradually
3 and bearing plate 4, heating coil 1 is set on insulation board 2.Movable temperature sensor is preferably provided at the stream end out of temperature difference grid
(one end of air-flow discharge), that is, be set to the end of each impeller of temperature difference grid, and be located at the middle part of temperature difference grid adjacent two layers, to obtain
Gas flow temperature after taking each grid impeller to heat.Preferably, temperature difference grid uses shutter, between Preliminary design grid is vertical
Away from 10cm, width 0.5m, length 8.0m, total height 1.9m, it is arranged in Wind Tunnel Contraction end, heating coil is located at temperature difference grid
Surface, and insulating materials is made using mica soft board, asbestos do heat-insulating material.
As shown in Figure 1, temperature difference grid shares seven layers, each layer is horizontal to be equidistantly sequentially arranged on bracket 6 from top to bottom, often
Heating coil 1 is both provided on one layer, temperature controller 7 controls the setting of every layer of heating coil 1, and air-flow passes through temperature difference grid,
It is divided into seven layers in the vertical direction according to the temperature difference, every layer of air-flow has respective temperature, and which achieves the layerings of air-flow.Gu
Fixed pattern temperature sensor is equipped with 7, is set among two impeller, and be equally spaced in the vertical direction, wherein first fixation
Formula temperature sensor is set to the top of first layer end, to distance and second fixed type temperature sensor of first layer to the
One layer is equidistant.Movable temperature sensor is similarly 7, and in target position, vertical direction is equally spaced, and arranges
Height and spacing are consistent with fixed type temperature sensor, with the Temperature Distribution of Observed Position.In actual operation, fixed
The available gas flow temperature and its distribution by heating coil of temperature sensor realizes the mould strong and weak to the layering of different air-flows
It is quasi-.
In order to realize the temperature difference grid self adaptive control using testing position (i.e. target position) Temperature Distribution as target, this hair
It is bright to additionally provide a kind of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control method, include the following steps:
The Temperature Distribution for each layer of temperature difference grid that S1 is measured according to fixed type temperature sensor and movable temperature sensor
It is calculated with the Temperature Distribution of target position and obtains temperature coefficient matrix, which specifically includes following sub-step:
S11 heats the first layer of temperature difference grid, and remainder layer does not heat, and measures mesh using movable temperature sensor
The Temperature Distribution of cursor position calculates acquisition according to the temperature of temperature difference grid first layer and the Temperature Distribution of target position and this layer right
The temperature coefficient answered；
S12 repeats step S11 to traverse each layer of temperature difference grid, obtains temperature coefficient corresponding with each layer, utilizes each layer
Temperature coefficient construct temperature coefficient matrix；
S2 target temperature gradient according to needed for temperature coefficient matrix and target position, which calculates, obtains each layer institute of temperature difference grid
The temperature needed；
S3 controller controls the heater wire of each layer of temperature difference grid according to the Temperature Distribution for calculating each layer of temperature difference grid obtained
Circle makes each layer reach required temperature.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, the impeller (i.e. layer) of temperature difference grid is noted as n from top to bottom0、n1、……、
ni、……nm, accordingly, target position temperature sensor is vertically distributed, identical as each impeller height, from top to bottom marked as 0,
1 ..., i ... m, wherein Aj(j=0~m-1) is the temperature coefficient of temperature difference grid and target position, successively to temperature difference grid
Each impeller heats respectively, can be obtained corresponding temperature coefficient Aj, pass through each temperature coefficient AjConstruct temperature coefficient matrix A.If mesh
Cursor position temperature sensor is vertically distributed different from impeller distribution, can be obtained by the adjacent observation point conic section interpolation in target position
?.
Before the test, each impeller of temperature difference grid is successively traversed, the temperature coefficient matrix under the conditions of current test, tool are obtained
For body, to the uppermost impeller of temperature difference grid (i.e. first layer) n0HeatingRemaining impeller does not heat, and surveys in target position
Layer gas flow temperature each from top to bottom be Then corresponding temperature coefficientIt is calculated and is obtained using following formula:
I.e. It can be obtained temperature coefficient A by above formula calculating0In each element value
Then, to temperature difference grid second layer impeller n1HeatingRemaining impeller does not heat, target position measure from
It is up to lower each layer gas flow temperatureThen temperature coefficientIt is calculated and is obtained using following formula:
I.e. It can be obtained temperature coefficient A by above formula calculating1In each element value
And so on, to temperature difference grid the last layer impeller nmHeatingRemaining impeller does not heat, in target position
The layer gas flow temperature each from top to bottom measured beIts temperature coefficientIt is calculated and is obtained using following formula:
I.e. It can be obtained temperature coefficient A by above formula calculatingmIn each element value
By m+1 temperature coefficient achieved above, i.e. A0、A1、……、AmIt combines and temperature coefficient square can be obtained
Then pass through temperature coefficient inverse matrix A-1Increase vector with target position temperatureIt is multiplied to obtain temperature difference grid
Terminal temperature increases vector
Wherein, target position temperature increases vectorIt limits according to actual needs, i.e., target is determined according to test request
The temperature of position, such as the first layer gas flow temperature of target position is needed when testIt is 10 DEG C, next layer is higher than upper one layer
10 DEG C, i.e. second layer gas flow temperatureIt is 20 DEG C, i-th layer of gas flow temperatureIt is 10 × i DEG C, and so on, m layers of gas
Flow temperatureIt is 10 × m DEG C, each layer of temperature of target position is brought into above-mentioned formula (1) and calculates the acquisition temperature difference
The temperature of grid respective layer, then the heating coil of controller control respective layer is heated so that respective layer reaches required temperature
Degree, and the temperature of temperature difference grid respective layer can be measured by fixed type temperature sensor, judge whether respective layer reaches required temperature
Degree, such as by i-th layer of gas flow temperatureIt brings into and calculates the temperature for obtaining i-th layer of temperature difference grid in above-mentioned formula (1)
Then controller control i-th layer of heating coil of temperature difference grid is heated so that i-th layer of gas flow temperature of temperature difference grid reaches required
TemperatureAnd i-th layer of gas flow temperature of temperature difference grid is measured by i-th layer of temperature difference grid of fixed type temperature sensor, to sentence
Whether the gas flow temperature of disconnected i-th layer of temperature difference grid reaches required temperatureIf not up to required temperature, heating coil is utilized
Continue heating until reaching required temperature, if having reached required temperature, stops heating.
By the above method, temperature control can be carried out according to each layer of the target temperature needed for target position to temperature difference grid
With adjusting, target position is enabled to obtain required target temperature with this, realization is with the Temperature Distribution of test objective position
The temperature difference grid self adaptive control of target can prevent the immixture of incoming flow, the conduction of heat of air-flow and wind-tunnel and the external world
Heat bridge act on Temperature Distribution to air-flow in target position and have an impact.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device, which is characterized in that including temperature difference grid, temperature sensor assembly (5) and temperature
It spends controller (7), in which:
The temperature difference grid is multilayered structure, and the end of Wind Tunnel Contraction is arranged in, for by the gas of Wind Tunnel Contraction end
Stream is layered, and heating coil (1) is provided on each layer of the temperature difference grid；
The temperature sensor assembly (5) includes fixed type temperature sensor and movable temperature sensor, wherein fixed temperature
The quantity for spending sensor is corresponding with the number of plies of the temperature difference grid, is set in each layer of temperature difference grid and passes through temperature difference grid with measurement
Gas flow temperature after each layer of lattice, the quantity of movable temperature sensor is equally corresponding with the number of plies of the temperature difference grid, is set to
Target position is to measure the Temperature Distribution of target position；
The temperature controller (7) and the heating coil (1), fixed type temperature sensor and movable temperature sensor phase
Even, it is used to realize that the temperature of each layer of temperature difference grid is adjusted by heating coil (1), so that target position reaches required mesh
Mark temperature gradient.
2. wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that every layer of the temperature difference grid wraps
The insulation board (2), heat-insulating shield (3) and bearing plate (4) from top to bottom set gradually is included, the heating coil (1) is set to described exhausted
On listrium (2).
3. wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the movable temperature sensor is excellent
The stream end out of the temperature difference grid is arranged in choosing, and is located at the middle part of temperature difference grid adjacent two layers.
4. wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device as described in any one of claims 1-3, which is characterized in that the movable temperature
The arrangement height and spacing of sensor are preferably identical as the arrangement height and spacing of the fixed type temperature sensor.
5. wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device according to any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that specific using such as lower section
Formula makes target position reach required target temperature gradient:
The Temperature Distribution and mesh for each layer of temperature difference grid that S1 is measured according to fixed type temperature sensor and movable temperature sensor
The Temperature Distribution of cursor position, which calculates, obtains temperature coefficient matrix；
S2 target temperature gradient according to needed for temperature coefficient matrix and target position calculates the temperature for obtaining each layer of temperature difference grid
Distribution；
S3 controller makes according to the heating coil for the Temperature Distribution control each layer of temperature difference grid for calculating each layer of temperature difference grid obtained
Each layer reaches required temperature.
6. a kind of control method of wind-tunnel temperature gradient control device as described in any one in claim 1-5, which is characterized in that
Include the following steps:
The Temperature Distribution and mesh for each layer of temperature difference grid that S1 is measured according to fixed type temperature sensor and movable temperature sensor
The Temperature Distribution of cursor position, which calculates, obtains temperature coefficient matrix；
S2 target temperature gradient according to needed for temperature coefficient matrix and target position calculates needed for obtaining each layer of temperature difference grid
Temperature；
S3 controller makes according to the heating coil for the Temperature Distribution control each layer of temperature difference grid for calculating each layer of temperature difference grid obtained
Each layer reaches required temperature.
7. control method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that step S1 specifically includes following sub-step:
S11 heats the first layer of temperature difference grid, and remainder layer does not heat, and measures target position using movable temperature sensor
It is corresponding with this layer to calculate acquisition according to the temperature of temperature difference grid first layer and the Temperature Distribution of target position for the Temperature Distribution set
Temperature coefficient；
S12 repeats step S11 to traverse each layer of temperature difference grid, obtains temperature coefficient corresponding with each layer, utilizes the temperature of each layer
Degree coefficient constructs temperature coefficient matrix.
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