CN109914706A - Antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure and method - Google Patents
Antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109914706A CN109914706A CN201910223055.1A CN201910223055A CN109914706A CN 109914706 A CN109914706 A CN 109914706A CN 201910223055 A CN201910223055 A CN 201910223055A CN 109914706 A CN109914706 A CN 109914706A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/254—Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems
Abstract
A kind of antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure, the waterproof layer including being layed in garret upper surface successively even have drainage blanket, filter layer, water conservation layer, plantation layer and vegetable layer on waterproof layer from the bottom to top；Drainage blanket is water conservation draining board；Filter layer is nylon grenadine or non-woven fabrics；Water conservation layer is to be retained layer by absorbent cotton sliver.Antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure provided by the invention and method, the problem of can solve soil erosion, pollution environment, stable structure are easy to construct, can realize on conventional roof and certain special roofs (such as dome, top of the slope) and have both antiscour and recyclable rainwater utilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to roof greening technology field, especially a kind of antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure and method.
Background technique
In recent years, meet rain must flood evolve as the chronic illnesses of China big and medium-sized cities.It is asked effectively to solve urban water safety
Topic, development of enhancing harmony between man and nature, separate flow system system (SUDS) and water sensitive urban design (WSUD) system
Grand strategy first is that the source of runoff controls, to cut down rainwash peak value and reduce runoff pollution.
Roof greening is a kind of compensation to land use, improves air quality, mitigates municipal sewage by saving rainwater
The pressure of processing system saves energy and beautifies ugly grey black roof.However there are problems, examples for existing roof greening
Such as: inclined roof is due to easily occurring serious erosion of soil and water, and there are great difficulties for greening, encounters heavy rain, silt, dirt are washed
Under and, sewer and stained exterior wall can be blocked；Strong wind is encountered, then dusty, pollution environment etc..
Summary of the invention
It, can be with technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure and method
Solve the problems, such as soil erosion, pollution environment, stable structure, be easy to construct, can conventional roof and certain special roofs (such as
Dome, top of the slope) on realize have both antiscour and recyclable rainwater utilization.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of antiscour water storage type roof greening
Structure, the waterproof layer including being layed in garret upper surface, successively even have on waterproof layer from the bottom to top drainage blanket, filter layer,
It is retained layer, plantation layer and vegetable layer；
Waterproof layer is using oiliness chemistry painting industries such as antiseepage membrane material or polyurethanes, with a thickness of 0.1-0.3mm；
Drainage blanket is that plastics are retained draining board, including platysome, is evenly distributed with cylinder type hollow deep gouge on platysome, in deep gouge
Diameter 10-25mm, prominent platysome lower surface, forms cylindric support, and the gap between each cylinder type hollow deep gouge, which is formed, to sluice
Channel；
Filter layer is nylon grenadine or non-woven fabrics；
Water conservation layer is to be retained layer by absorbent cotton sliver；
Plant the substrate each component weight of layer are as follows:
40-50 parts of rural area soil, 10-20 parts of turfy soil, 10-20 parts of light ceramic, 4-10 parts of charcoal, 4-10 parts of cement, humic
It is 2-5 parts sour, 4-10 parts of vinegar grain, 0.01-0.1 parts of graphene；
The above-mentioned each component of substrate of plantation layer adds water to mix, so that its initial aqueous rate is 20-25%.
Filter layer is the nylon grenadine or 150-200g/m of 150-250 mesh2Non-woven fabrics.
Be retained layer with a thickness of 50-100mm.
Vegetable layer planting plants are crassulaceae plants.
Light ceramic is one of clay haydite, garbage ceramsites, biological sludge haydite, lytag, maximum grain
Diameter 10mm, average grain diameter 5mm.
Cement is ordinary portland cement；Graphene is graphene oxide.
Humic acid includes following components in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of high activity organic matter, 20-30 parts of calcium phosphate, 15-25 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of potassium chloride, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 10-15
Part, 5-12 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 3-6 parts and active bacteria formulation 5-10 parts of potassium solubilizing bacteria；
Humic acid fertilizer need to cover thin film, and activation time is 10-15 days, and temperature is controlled at 35-55 DEG C；
Wherein, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria is one of bulkholderia cepasea, penicillium oxalicum and bacillus subtilis or a variety of；
The nitrogen-fixing bacteria are one of azotobacter chroococcum, Azorhizobium caulinadans, sulfur bacteria or a variety of；
The potassium solubilizing bacteria is one of silicate bacteria, colloid bacillus cereus or a variety of.
Charcoal is one of wooden class charcoal, rice husk class charcoal, stalk charcoal and waste class charcoal,
Its maximum particle diameter 1mm, average grain diameter 0.5mm.
A kind of laying method of above-mentioned greening structure, method includes the following steps:
Step 1: being laid with waterproof layer in garret upper surface；
Step 2: being laid with drainage blanket on the surface of waterproof layer；
Step 3: filter layer is laid on drainage blanket；
Step 4: water conservation layer is laid on filter layer；
Step 5: each component of plantation layer substrate is prepared in weighing；
Step 6: plantation substrate is prepared:
Step 6-1: the graphene layering of above-mentioned parts by weight is uniformly added into charcoal, is first carried out via upper stirring tentatively mixed
It closes, further mixing dispersion is then carried out by lower stirring；
Step 6-2: humus is tentatively stirred it is decomposed after, vinegar grain is added and further mixes, at the same will cement be added it is obtained rotten
It grows and neutralizes its extra free acid, preliminary comprehensive adjustment pH value in sour fertilizer；
Step 6-3: the obtained material of step 6-1 and step 6-2 is uniformly mixed, and extra material is made, by extra material and rural area soil
Composite soil and haydite with turfy soil be by volume 14.01-35.1: 50-70: 10-20 ratio mixing, be made kind
Phytyl material；
Step 7: plantation substrate made from step 6 being added water and mixed, so that its initial aqueous rate is 20-25%, repaves to be set to and protect
Plantation layer is obtained on water layer；
Step 8: Crassulaceae plant being subjected to cuttage on plantation layer and forms vegetable layer, that is, completes the laying of the greening structure.
Crassulaceae plant in step 8 is the almost the same plant of the good no disease and pests harm of plant, upgrowth situation, in carbendazim
10min is impregnated in solution and carries out wound sterilization processing, carries out cuttage on plantation layer according to the spacing in the rows of 5cm × 5cm.
Antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure provided by the invention and method, have the beneficial effect that:
1, greening structure is stablized, and substrate rheological property is higher, has both Anti-Typhoon, heavy rain under the premise of meeting the low load of roof greening
Performance of flushing.It is mainly used in conventional roof and certain special roofs (such as dome, top of the slope), while it is green to be equally applicable to side slope
Change, wall greening, balcony greening, ecological bridge etc..
2, it solves traditional roof greening base material and does not have the defects of nutrition, unstable.Planting layer has environmental protection, specific gravity
Small, the features such as retain water and nutrients ability is strong, while also meeting the needs of Soil ventilation, substrate used in verification experimental verification plantation layer can make to plant
Object the upperground part biomass dramatically increases.
3, water conservation layer when the rainfall is plentiful can useful storage, be conducive to plant growth, and arid Shi Zewei soil injection water
Point, plant maintenance cost can be reduced；On the other hand it avoids waterlogging occur in plantation layer so that generation the case where Plant death,
Have the function of that flood detention regulates and stores, cuts down flood peak in regional scope.
4, there is good characterization of adsorption, filtering interception function can pre-process rainwater, reduce out stream pollution, make
Rainwater comprehensive utilization efficiency is higher, meet the needs of greening and landscape water body in building area, city healthy water recycle promoted to build
If.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of roof structure of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure, the waterproof layer 2 including being layed in 1 upper surface of garret,
Successively even there are drainage blanket 3, filter layer 4, water conservation layer 5, plantation layer 6 and vegetable layer 7 on waterproof layer 2 from the bottom to top；
Waterproof layer 2 is using oiliness chemistry painting industries such as antiseepage membrane material or polyurethanes, with a thickness of 0.1-0.3mm
Drainage blanket 3 is that plastics are retained draining board, including platysome, is evenly distributed with cylinder type hollow deep gouge, deep gouge on platysome
Internal diameter 10-25mm, prominent platysome lower surface, forms cylindric support, and the gap between each cylinder type hollow deep gouge forms and lets out
Aquaporin；
Filter layer 4 is nylon grenadine or non-woven fabrics；
Water conservation layer 5 be by absorbent cotton sliver be retained layer (by absorbent cotton sliver according to use demand uniformly be twisted together after be cut into different length,
Water conservation layer is made again)；
Plant the substrate each component weight of layer 6 are as follows:
40-50 parts of rural area soil, 10-20 parts of turfy soil, 10-20 parts of light ceramic, 4-10 parts of charcoal, 4-10 parts of cement, humic
It is 2-5 parts sour, 4-10 parts of vinegar grain, 0.01-0.1 parts of graphene；
The above-mentioned each component of substrate of plantation layer 6 adds water to mix, so that its initial aqueous rate is 20-25%.
Filter layer 4 is the nylon grenadine or 150-200g/m of 150-250 mesh2Non-woven fabrics.
Be retained layer 5 with a thickness of 50-100mm.
7 planting plants of vegetable layer are crassulaceae plants, such as stringy stonecrop, sedum lineare.
Light ceramic is one of clay haydite, garbage ceramsites, biological sludge haydite, lytag, maximum grain
Diameter 10mm, average grain diameter 5mm.
Humic acid includes following components in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of high activity organic matter, 20-30 parts of calcium phosphate, 15-25 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of potassium chloride, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 10-15
Part, 5-12 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 3-6 parts and active bacteria formulation 5-10 parts of potassium solubilizing bacteria；
Humic acid humidity is maintained at 50%, temperature 45 C, the time 10 days, and the mixture is piled into high 200mm, length and width 700
The rectangle heap of × 800mm is beaten the hole of diameter 15mm on heap face by the distance of 200mm toward heap bottom, covers thin film, into
Capable fermentation of accelerating the ripening, is made the humic acid of activation；
Wherein, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria is one of bulkholderia cepasea, penicillium oxalicum and bacillus subtilis or a variety of；
The nitrogen-fixing bacteria are one of azotobacter chroococcum, Azorhizobium caulinadans, sulfur bacteria or a variety of；
The potassium solubilizing bacteria is one of silicate bacteria, colloid bacillus cereus or a variety of.
Charcoal is one of wooden class charcoal, rice husk class charcoal, stalk charcoal and waste class charcoal,
Its maximum particle diameter 1mm, average grain diameter 0.5mm.
Above-mentioned roof afforestation structure is used for the flat roof conventional 1%-3%, outer draining is built and has comprised the following steps that in room
Top is arranged and the perpendicular longitudinal gutter in roof drainage direction, and after Accumulated Rainwater, inlet for stom water, rain pipe are in an organized way discharged to room
Outer ground or indoor underdrainage system.
Embodiment two
A kind of laying method of above-mentioned greening structure, method includes the following steps:
Step 1: being laid with waterproof layer 2 in 1 upper surface of garret；
Step 2: being laid with drainage blanket 3 on the surface of waterproof layer 2；
Step 3: filter layer 4 is laid on drainage blanket 3；
Step 4: water conservation layer 5 is laid on filter layer 4；
Step 5: each component of plantation layer substrate is prepared in weighing；
Step 6: plantation substrate is prepared:
Step 6-1: the graphene layering of above-mentioned parts by weight is uniformly added into charcoal, is first carried out via upper stirring tentatively mixed
It closes, further mixing dispersion is then carried out by lower stirring；
Step 6-2: humus is tentatively stirred it is decomposed after, vinegar grain is added and further mixes, at the same will cement be added it is obtained rotten
It grows and neutralizes its extra free acid, preliminary comprehensive adjustment pH value in sour fertilizer；
Step 6-3: the obtained material of step 6-1 and step 6-2 is uniformly mixed, and extra material is made, by extra material and rural area soil
Composite soil and haydite with turfy soil be by volume 14.01-35.1: 50-70: 10-20 ratio mixing, be made kind
Phytyl material；
Step 7: plantation substrate made from step 6 being added water and mixed, so that its initial aqueous rate is 20-25%, repaves to be set to and protect
Plantation layer 6 is obtained on water layer 5；
Step 8: Crassulaceae plant being subjected to cuttage on plantation layer 6 and forms vegetable layer 7, that is, completes the paving of the greening structure
If.
Crassulaceae plant in step 8 is the almost the same plant of the good no disease and pests harm of plant, upgrowth situation, in carbendazim
10min is impregnated in solution and carries out wound sterilization processing, carries out cuttage on plantation layer 6 according to the spacing in the rows of 5cm × 5cm.
Above-mentioned roof afforestation structure is used for large area multispan roofing, skyscraper, cold district or has particular/special requirement
In building, builds outer draining and comprise the following steps that through the slope of roof first by the sleet water guiding eaves gutter or cornice on roofing
Interior gutter, then the water outlet by being arranged on eaves gutter or parapet are discharged in outdoor ground or bright ditch through rain pipe.
The roof greening planting layer obtained through the foregoing embodiment, heap density 721-805kg/m3, antiscour coefficient
25.13-30.64 (Lmin)/g, unconfined compressive strength 1.01-1.35MPa, pH value 6.5-8.3, organic matter 91.6-
124.1g/kg, full nitrogen 6.9-8.6g/kg, full phosphorus 3.7-6.6g/kg, full potassium 1.9-3.8g/kg, the moisture damage at 30 DEG C for 24 hours
Vector is 0.43%.The crop cycle of green plants is 1 year, in the substrate preparation method coverage rate of vegetation be up to 95% with
On, the upperground part biomass 6.73-8.15kg/m3。
The planting medium can be from heavy and light, it is possible to provide nutrition needed for plant growth is not necessarily to top dressing；Can water-absorbing-retaining, alleviate
Urban flooding improves the utilization of water resource；The porosity that soil can be improved, keeps soil from packing together；Easy construction has economic ring
The functions such as guarantor.
Investigate the flowing water matter out after 5 rainfalls, full nitrogen 3.01-3.37mg/L, nitrate nitrogen 1.59-1.68mg/L, ammonium
State nitrogen 0.27-0.36mg/L, full phosphorus 0.18-0.28mg/L, phosphate 0.04-0.1mg/L, COD 29.85-
31.24mg/L, suspended matter 9.54-13.53mg/L.
The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solution of the present invention, and are not construed as limitation of the invention, this Shen
Please in embodiment and embodiment in feature in the absence of conflict, can mutual any combination.Protection model of the invention
The technical solution that should be recorded with claim is enclosed, the equivalent replacement side of technical characteristic in the technical solution recorded including claim
Case is protection scope.Equivalent replacement i.e. within this range is improved, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure, the waterproof layer (2) including being layed in garret (1) upper surface is special
Sign is: on waterproof layer (2) from the bottom to top successively even have drainage blanket (3), filter layer (4), water conservation layer (5), plantation layer (6) and
Vegetable layer (7)；
Drainage blanket (3) is water conservation draining board；
Filter layer (4) is nylon grenadine or non-woven fabrics；
Water conservation layer (5) is to be retained layer by absorbent cotton sliver；
Plant the substrate each component weight of layer (6) are as follows:
40-50 parts of rural area soil, 10-20 parts of turfy soil, 10-20 parts of light ceramic, 4-10 parts of charcoal, 4-10 parts of cement, humic
It is 2-5 parts sour, 4-10 parts of vinegar grain, 0.01-0.1 parts of graphene；
The above-mentioned each component of substrate of plantation layer (6) adds water to mix, so that its initial aqueous rate is 20-25%.
2. antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: filter layer (4) is 150-
The nylon grenadine or 150-200g/m of 250 mesh2Non-woven fabrics.
3. antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the thickness of water conservation layer (5)
For 50-100mm.
4. antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: vegetable layer (7) plantation is planted
Object is crassulaceae plants.
5. antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: light ceramic is clay pottery
One of grain, garbage ceramsites, biological sludge haydite, lytag, maximum particle diameter 10mm, average grain diameter 5mm.
6. antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that humic acid includes according to weight
Measure the following components of part meter:
15-25 parts of high activity organic matter, 20-30 parts of calcium phosphate, 15-25 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of potassium chloride, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 10-15
Part, 5-12 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 3-6 parts and active bacteria formulation 5-10 parts of potassium solubilizing bacteria；
Humic acid fertilizer need to cover thin film, and activation time is 10-15 days, and temperature is controlled at 35-55 DEG C；
Wherein, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria is one of bulkholderia cepasea, penicillium oxalicum and bacillus subtilis or a variety of；
The nitrogen-fixing bacteria are one of azotobacter chroococcum, Azorhizobium caulinadans, sulfur bacteria or a variety of；
The potassium solubilizing bacteria is one of silicate bacteria, colloid bacillus cereus or a variety of.
7. antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: charcoal is raw for wooden class
One of object charcoal, rice husk class charcoal, stalk charcoal and waste class charcoal, maximum particle diameter 1mm, average grain diameter are
0.5mm。
8. the laying method of greening structure described in a kind of any one of the claims 1-7, it is characterised in that this method packet
Include following steps:
Step 1: being laid with waterproof layer (2) in garret (1) upper surface；
Step 2: being laid with drainage blanket (3) on the surface of waterproof layer (2)；
Step 3: being laid with filter layer (4) on drainage blanket (3)；
Step 4: water conservation layer (5) is laid on filter layer (4)；
Step 5: each component of plantation layer substrate is prepared in weighing；
Step 6: plantation substrate is prepared:
Step 6-1: the graphene layering of above-mentioned parts by weight is uniformly added into charcoal, is first carried out via upper stirring tentatively mixed
It closes, further mixing dispersion is then carried out by lower stirring；
Step 6-2: humus is tentatively stirred it is decomposed after, vinegar grain is added and further mixes, at the same will cement be added it is obtained rotten
It grows and neutralizes its extra free acid, preliminary comprehensive adjustment pH value in sour fertilizer；
Step 6-3: the obtained material of step 6-1 and step 6-2 is uniformly mixed, and extra material is made, by extra material and rural area soil
Composite soil and haydite with turfy soil be by volume 14.01-35.1: 50-70: 10-20 ratio mixing, be made kind
Phytyl material；
Step 7: plantation substrate made from step 6 being added water and mixed, so that its initial aqueous rate is 20-25%, repaves to be set to and protect
Plantation layer (6) is obtained on water layer (5)；
Step 8: Crassulaceae plant being carried out to cuttage in plantation layer (6) and forms vegetable layer (7), that is, completes the greening structure
It is laid with.
9. according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterized by: the Crassulaceae plant in step 8 is plant well without disease pest
Evil, the almost the same plant of upgrowth situation impregnate 10min in carbendazim solution and carry out wound sterilization processing, according to 5cm ×
The spacing in the rows of 5cm carries out cuttage in plantation layer (6).
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Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN201910223055.1A CN109914706A (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Antiscour water storage type roof afforestation structure and method |
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ID=66966407
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112854620A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-28 | 上海彩谷新材料科技有限公司 | Green system of planting in roof |
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| CN107459388A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-12-12 | 三峡大学 | It is a kind of using humic acid as ecological slope protection substrate of major ingredient and preparation method thereof |
| CN108085010A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-29 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of complex repairation agent and its application for heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN108176373A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-06-19 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of graphene oxide corn straw modification charcoal and preparation method thereof and in sewage is removed heavy metal application |
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| CN101608491A (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2009-12-23 | 三峡大学 | Roof greening system and greening method |
| CN202596041U (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-12-12 | 湖南农业大学 | Micro landform structure for roof greening |
| CN104402559A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-03-11 | 成都红柿子科技有限公司 | Compound fertilizer for grape planting |
| CN107459388A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-12-12 | 三峡大学 | It is a kind of using humic acid as ecological slope protection substrate of major ingredient and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112854620A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-28 | 上海彩谷新材料科技有限公司 | Green system of planting in roof |
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