CN109911657B - Intelligent loading system and loading method for boxed goods - Google Patents

Intelligent loading system and loading method for boxed goods Download PDF

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CN109911657B
CN109911657B CN201910208900.8A CN201910208900A CN109911657B CN 109911657 B CN109911657 B CN 109911657B CN 201910208900 A CN201910208900 A CN 201910208900A CN 109911657 B CN109911657 B CN 109911657B
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conveyor line
plc
hoisting
conveyor
container
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CN109911657A (en
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彭国亮
朱沈阳
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Hunan Runbang Technology Co ltd
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Hunan Runbang Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种箱式货物智能化装车系统及装车方法,能够有效实现箱式货物出仓至装车的全程自动化管理,提高装车效率,包括输送线机构、轨道机构、行走机构、吊装机构及控制系统;所述输送线机构设于轨道机构一端,行走机构设于轨道机构上,能够沿轨道机构移动,所述吊装机构与行走机构连接,用于吊装输送线机构上的货箱;所述控制系统包括上位机、地面PLC和吊装PLC,所述地面PLC用于控制输送线机构,吊装PLC用于控制轨道机构、行走机构和吊装机构,地面PLC分别连接吊装PLC和上位机。

The invention provides an intelligent loading system and loading method for box-type goods, which can effectively realize the full-process automated management of box-type goods from leaving the warehouse to loading, and improve the loading efficiency. It includes a conveyor line mechanism, a track mechanism, a traveling mechanism, Hoisting mechanism and control system; the conveyor line mechanism is located at one end of the track mechanism, the traveling mechanism is located on the track mechanism and can move along the track mechanism, the hoisting mechanism is connected to the traveling mechanism and is used to hoist the cargo box on the conveyor line mechanism ; The control system includes a host computer, a ground PLC and a hoisting PLC. The ground PLC is used to control the conveyor line mechanism. The hoisting PLC is used to control the track mechanism, traveling mechanism and hoisting mechanism. The ground PLC is connected to the hoisting PLC and the host computer respectively.

Description

Intelligent box-type cargo loading system and loading method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cargo loading, in particular to an intelligent cargo loading system and method for box type cargoes.
Background
With the improvement of modern mechanical degree and the popularization of unmanned factories and intelligent factories, more and more enterprises adopt automatic production lines to store, manage and turn over goods, so that the space utilization rate and management efficiency of the production lines can be improved, and the labor cost is reduced.
However, when the transferring cargo link is performed, the conventional transferring manner is still used, for example, when the cargo is loaded and transported, the manner of manually unstacking, transporting and loading is still adopted. The mode has low working efficiency and poor safety, and is high in cost for enterprises and difficult to complete butt joint with an automatic production line.
In view of this, it is important to develop a loading system and loading method that can solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a box-type cargo intelligent loading system and a box-type cargo intelligent loading method, which can effectively realize the whole-course automatic management from the delivery of box-type cargoes to loading and improve the loading efficiency.
The intelligent loading system for the box-type cargoes has the following technical scheme:
comprises a conveying line mechanism, a track mechanism, a travelling mechanism, a hoisting mechanism and a control system;
the conveying line mechanism is arranged at one end of the track mechanism, the travelling mechanism is arranged on the track mechanism and can move along the track mechanism, and the hoisting mechanism is connected with the travelling mechanism and is used for hoisting a container on the conveying line mechanism;
the conveying line mechanism comprises a first conveying line, a second conveying line and a third conveying line, and two ends of the second conveying line are respectively and vertically connected with the first conveying line and the third conveying line;
the track mechanism comprises two parallel tracks, the lower parts of the tracks are supported by a plurality of upright posts, a truck parking area is arranged in an area between the two tracks, the two tracks are perpendicular to the conveying direction of a third conveying line and are arranged above the third conveying line, the travelling mechanism comprises a group of travelling trolleys which are matched with the two tracks, and the lower parts of the travelling trolleys are connected with the hoisting mechanism;
the control system comprises an upper computer, a ground PLC and a hoisting PLC, wherein the ground PLC is used for controlling the conveying line mechanism, the hoisting PLC is used for controlling the track mechanism, the travelling mechanism and the hoisting mechanism, and the ground PLC is respectively connected with the hoisting PLC and the upper computer.
As the preference of above-mentioned scheme, first, second, three transfer chain are drum-type transfer chain structure, and first transfer chain and second transfer chain are differential transfer chain, and the third transfer chain is the accumulation formula transfer chain, first transfer chain output port is relative with the side of second transfer chain input, and second transfer chain output port is relative with third transfer chain input side, and the third transfer chain output is located rail mechanism below.
As the preference of above-mentioned scheme, first transfer chain and second transfer chain all include two section at least drum-type transfer chain monomer that can independently move, mark in proper order as transfer chain monomer one along the transfer chain direction, transfer chain monomer two, transfer chain monomer three and transfer chain monomer four, transfer chain monomer two and transfer chain monomer three butt joint, wherein transfer chain monomer one transport speed is less than transfer chain monomer two, transfer chain monomer three transport speed is less than transfer chain monomer four, be equipped with photoelectric sensor between transfer chain monomer two and transfer chain monomer three and between transfer chain monomer three and transfer chain monomer four, transfer chain monomer four one side is equipped with CCD camera and bar code scanning rifle, be used for gathering the outward appearance image and the bar code information of packing box respectively, be equipped with an opening area on the transfer chain monomer four, the opening area is equipped with a set of jacking rotary mechanism, jacking rotary mechanism includes "well" word layer board, jacking cylinder, gear train and driving motor, the driving wheel of gear train is connected to "well" word layer board below, and the driving motor passes through the gear train and drives "well" word layer board rotation, the terminal surface connection jacking cylinder under the gear train, through the jacking cylinder can control the jacking cylinder, the jacking motor of lifting to four, CCD camera, all is connected with the driving motor.
Preferably, a group of fourth conveying lines are arranged on one side of the third conveying line, the fourth conveying line is an output conveying line, and one side of the third conveying line is located on the downstream side relative to the second conveying line and is used for outputting containers which do not meet the order requirements.
As the preference of above-mentioned scheme, third transfer chain department is equipped with the horizontal formula baling press of encircling that is connected with ground PLC, and horizontal formula baling press of encircling includes main part and travelling frame, and main part locates third transfer chain output port one side, and the travelling frame extends to rail set's below by output one side of third transfer chain upper reaches, a breach has respectively been seted up to the both sides support on the third transfer chain, and two breachs are just opposite, the travelling frame can pass the clearance between this breach and the adjacent two cylinders, makes the travelling frame can be moved to the cylinder below by the cylinder top of third transfer chain.
As the preference of above-mentioned scheme, be equipped with driving motor on the running gear for driving running gear along the track removal, hoist mechanism includes vertical telescopic machanism and snatchs the mechanism, and vertical telescopic machanism passes through the rotating member and is connected with running gear, snatchs the mechanism and connects in vertical telescopic machanism below, driving motor is connected with hoist and mount PLC.
As the preference of above-mentioned scheme, the gyration part includes driving motor and intermeshing's action wheel and follow driving wheel, and driving motor is fixed in on the running gear, is connected with hoist and mount PLC, and driving motor output shaft is the action wheel, vertical telescopic machanism is for cutting fork lift, and its top is equipped with a roof, and the bottom is equipped with a bottom plate, and roof center passes through the gyration axle to be connected with running gear, makes vertical telescopic machanism can revolve around the gyration axle, roof and action wheel fixed connection simultaneously, action wheel and gyration axle coaxial setting.
As the preference of above-mentioned scheme, snatch the mechanism and include base plate and locate a plurality of sucking discs of base plate lower surface, a plurality of sucking discs pass through solenoid valve connection vacuum pump and air compressor machine, the hoist and mount PLC is connected simultaneously to the solenoid valve, base plate and longitudinal stretching mechanism's bottom plate fixed connection.
As the preference of above-mentioned scheme, stand height is greater than truck height, is equipped with a laser sensor on the stand that is close to the both sides of truck locomotive and the stand of the both sides of tail respectively, be equipped with laser sensor between truck parking area and the third transfer chain, be connected with hoist and mount PLC respectively.
The method for loading by adopting the loading system comprises the following steps:
s1, a container is delivered out of a warehouse in a single-layer matrix arrangement mode and enters a differential conveying line;
s2, dividing the containers arranged in a matrix manner into a single-column arrangement mode by adopting two groups of differential conveying lines with mutually perpendicular conveying directions, wherein the containers in each column are mutually spaced;
s3, enabling the single container to sequentially pass through the differential conveying line and the accumulation type conveying line and stop at the output end of the accumulation type conveying line, and arranging a plurality of containers at the output end of the accumulation type conveying line according to a single row along the conveying line direction;
s4, when the containers arranged at the output end of the accumulation conveyor line reach the preset quantity, the conveyor line stops conveying, the output end of the accumulation conveyor line is provided with a horizontal encircling type packer, and the packer integrally packs the containers reaching the output end of the conveyor line.
S5, the travelling trolley moves to the position above the packed container along the track, the packed container is grabbed and lifted by the lifting mechanism, and then the travelling trolley drives the lifting mechanism to move to the position above the boxcar and drops the goods to the boxcar.
In step S2, the two differential conveyor lines are divided into a first conveyor line and a second conveyor line, the input end of the first conveyor line is butt-jointed with the warehouse, the output end is butt-jointed with the side surface of the input end of the second conveyor line, and the conveying directions of the first conveyor line and the second conveyor line are mutually perpendicular.
In the step S3, a camera, a bar code scanning gun and a jacking rotating mechanism are arranged on the second conveying line, the container appearance image acquisition and bar code scanning are carried out on a single container on the second conveying line, container appearance image information and bar code information are sent to a ground PLC, the ground PLC compares the positions of the long side and the short side of the container through the container appearance image information, and if the current positions of the long side and the short side of the container meet the packing requirement in a horizontal encircling packing machine, the second conveying line drives the container to continue to convey forwards; if the current directions of the long side and the short side of the container do not meet the packing requirements in the horizontal encircling type packer, the jacking rotating mechanism jacks up the container, then rotates by 90 degrees, and then descends to a conveying line and moves forwards along with the conveying line; and one side of the accumulation type conveying line is also provided with an output conveying line which is vertically butted with the accumulation type conveying line, the ground PLC judges the goods through bar code information, if the goods do not meet the order requirement, the goods are judged to be not in line with the items, and the corresponding goods boxes are output by the output conveying line after entering the accumulation type conveying line through the second conveying line.
In step S5, after the truck enters the truck parking area, 5 laser sensors at the truck head and the truck tail detect the position of the truck; the information that laser sensor gathered is sent to ground PLC, and ground PLC sends information to hoist and mount PLC again, and ground PLC feeds back information to the host computer simultaneously, and the host computer judges whether the freight train parks perpendicularly with the direction of delivery of accumulation formula transfer chain according to the distance information that 5 laser sensors gathered, if take place the slope, then snatch the mechanism with the packing box after, hoist and mount PLC control rotation parts's driving motor work, make hoist and mount mechanism in the certain angle of horizontal direction gyration to make the length direction of snatching the mechanism and freight train length direction perpendicular.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that:
1. realizing the absolute guarantee of safe production. Replaces the traditional manual loading and stacking, avoids high-altitude operation and radically eliminates potential safety hazards.
2. And (3) accurately tracking and monitoring the delivered goods. The automatic goods sorting machine can effectively prevent goods information from being asymmetrically lost, automatically reject goods which do not meet the order requirements from the conveying line, improve the order accuracy, and orderly recover the goods which do not meet the order requirements.
3. And (5) full-process automatic management. The management of the container after discharging the container comprises the steps of code scanning, photographing, steering, packaging, hoisting and stacking, so that the loading efficiency and accuracy of the container can be effectively improved, and the labor cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the delivery wire mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 3 and 4 are schematic structural diagrams of a monomer four of the second conveying line in the present invention.
Fig. 5 and 6 are schematic structural diagrams of a jacking and rotating mechanism in the fourth monomer.
Fig. 7 and 8 are schematic views of an assembly mechanism of the travelling trolley and the hoisting mechanism.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a control system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Intelligent loading system for box-type goods
Comprises a conveying line mechanism, a track mechanism, a travelling mechanism, a hoisting mechanism and a control system;
the conveying line mechanism is arranged at one end of the track mechanism, the travelling mechanism is arranged on the track mechanism and can move along the track mechanism, and the hoisting mechanism is connected with the travelling mechanism and is used for hoisting a container on the conveying line mechanism;
the conveying line mechanism comprises a first conveying line 1, a second conveying line 2 and a third conveying line 3, wherein two ends of the second conveying line 2 are respectively and vertically connected with the first conveying line 1 and the third conveying line 3;
the track mechanism comprises two tracks 7 which are arranged in parallel, the lower parts of the tracks are supported by a plurality of upright posts, a truck parking area is arranged in an area between the two tracks, the two tracks are perpendicular to the conveying direction of the third conveying line 3 and are arranged above the third conveying line 3, the travelling mechanism comprises a group of travelling trolleys 8 which are matched with the two tracks, and the lower parts of the travelling trolleys 8 are connected with a hoisting mechanism 9;
the control system comprises an upper computer, a ground PLC and a hoisting PLC, wherein the ground PLC is used for controlling the conveying line mechanism, the hoisting PLC is used for controlling the track mechanism, the travelling mechanism and the hoisting mechanism, and the ground PLC is respectively connected with the hoisting PLC and the upper computer.
In this embodiment, the first, second and third conveying lines are drum-type conveying line structures, the first conveying line 1 and the second conveying line 2 are differential conveying lines, the third conveying line 3 is a power and free conveying line, the output end port of the first conveying line 1 is opposite to the side face of the input end of the second conveying line 2, the output end port of the second conveying line 2 is opposite to the side face of the input end of the third conveying line 3, and the output end of the third conveying line 3 is located below the track mechanism.
In this embodiment, the first conveying line 1 and the second conveying line 2 each include at least two sections of drum-type conveying line monomers capable of independently running, the conveying line monomers are sequentially recorded as conveying line monomers one 101, conveying line monomers two 102, conveying line monomers three 201 and conveying line monomers four 202 along the conveying line direction, the conveying line monomers two 102 are in butt joint with the conveying line monomers three 201, the conveying speed of the conveying line monomers one 101 is smaller than that of the conveying line monomers two 102, the conveying speed of the conveying line monomers three 201 is smaller than that of the conveying line monomers four 202, photoelectric sensors are arranged between the conveying line monomers two 102 and the conveying line monomers three 201 and between the conveying line monomers three 201 and the conveying line monomers four 202, one side of the conveying line monomers four 202 is provided with a CCD camera 203 and a bar code scanning gun 204, appearance images and bar code information which are respectively used for collecting are used for acquiring are respectively arranged on the conveying line monomers four 202, an opening area 205 is provided with a group of jacking rotating mechanism 206, the jacking cylinder, a group of jacking cylinder and a driving motor are arranged below the jacking cylinder 206, the jacking cylinder is connected with a driving motor, the driving wheel of the lifting cylinder, the driving motor is connected with the driving cylinder through the driving cylinder of the lifting cylinder, the lifting cylinder is connected with the lifting cylinder, and the lifting cylinder of the lifting cylinder and the lifting cylinder, and the bar code scanning gun 204 are connected with the lifting motor, and the lifting cylinder, and the lifting camera 203.
In this embodiment, a group of fourth conveyor lines 4 is disposed on one side of the third conveyor line 3, and the fourth conveyor line 4 is an output conveyor line, and is located on the downstream side of the third conveyor line 3 with respect to the second conveyor line 2, and is used for outputting containers that do not meet the order requirements.
In this embodiment, the third conveyor line 3 is provided with a horizontal encircling type packer (2015121470. X) connected with the ground PLC, the horizontal encircling type packer includes a main body 5 and a deck 6, the main body 5 is disposed on one side of an output port of the third conveyor line 3, the deck 6 extends from one side of an output end of the third conveyor line 3 to a lower side of the track mechanism, two side brackets on the third conveyor line 3 are respectively provided with a notch 301, the two notches 301 are opposite, and the deck 6 can pass through the notch 301 and a gap between two adjacent rollers, so that the deck 6 can move from the upper side of the roller of the third conveyor line 3 to the lower side of the roller.
In this embodiment, a driving motor is arranged on the travelling mechanism and used for driving the travelling mechanism to move along the track, the hoisting mechanism 9 comprises a longitudinal telescopic mechanism 901 and a grabbing mechanism 902, the longitudinal telescopic mechanism 901 is connected with the travelling mechanism through a rotating component, the grabbing mechanism 902 is connected below the longitudinal telescopic mechanism 901, and the driving motor is connected with the hoisting PLC.
In this embodiment, the rotating component includes a driving motor, a driving wheel and a driven wheel 907, the driving motor is fixed on the travelling mechanism and connected with the hoisting PLC, the driving motor is connected with the driving wheel, the longitudinal telescopic mechanism 901 is a scissor type lifter, a top plate 906 is arranged at the top of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, a bottom plate 905 is arranged at the bottom of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, the center of the top plate 906 is connected with the travelling mechanism through a rotating shaft, the longitudinal telescopic mechanism 901 can rotate around the rotating shaft, the top plate 906 is fixedly connected with the driving wheel, and the driving wheel and the rotating shaft are coaxially arranged.
In this embodiment, the grabbing mechanism 902 includes a base plate 904 and a plurality of suction cups 903 disposed on the lower surface of the base plate, where the suction cups 903 are connected to a vacuum pump and an air compressor through electromagnetic valves (before grabbing a container with suction cups, positive pressure is generated by the air compressor to jet air to the upper surface of the container, dust and impurities on the upper surface of the container are taken out, negative pressure is generated by the vacuum pump, and the container is grabbed), the electromagnetic valves are simultaneously connected to a hoisting PLC, and the base plate 904 is fixedly connected to a bottom plate 905 of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism 901.
In this embodiment, the upright height is greater than the truck height, and the upright that is close to the both sides of truck locomotive and the upright of the both sides of tail respectively are equipped with a laser sensor 12, also be equipped with laser sensor between truck parking area and the third transfer chain 3, 5 laser sensors are connected with hoist and mount PLC respectively.
In the above-described structure, the jacking transfer machines are provided at the positions of the second conveyor line 2 and the third conveyor line 3, respectively, opposite to the first conveyor line 1 and the second conveyor line 2 and the fourth conveyor line 4, respectively, so that the cargo box can smoothly enter the next conveyor line, and the manner of smoothly entering and exiting the two conveyor lines by the jacking transfer machines is the prior art in the field of production line.
One side of the butt joint part of the first conveying line 1 and the second conveying line 2, one side of the butt joint part of the second conveying line 2 and the third conveying line 3, and one side of the butt joint part of the monomer III 201 and the monomer IV 202 of the second conveying line 2 are respectively provided with a photoelectric sensor for detecting whether a container passes through or not, and the technology for detecting whether the container passes through or not by the photoelectric sensor is set on one side of the conveying line and is the prior art in the field of production line.
In the above structure, the scissor lift and the travelling trolley can be all adopted in the prior art.
Intelligent box-type cargo loading method
The whole thought of the loading method is as follows: first transfer chain 1 and warehouse butt joint, the goods are taken out of the warehouse and get into first transfer chain 1 according to the mode of individual layer matrix arrangement, and it is to hoist mechanism's below to move to through second transfer chain 2 and third transfer chain 3 in proper order, and the baling press packs the goods earlier, snatchs mechanism 902 and snatchs, and elevating system promotes, and the walking dolly drives the goods walking until place the goods in the carriage.
In this process, there are the following problems to be solved:
1. before hoisting and grabbing, the containers packed are arranged in a single row, and the containers are arranged in a single matrix when being taken out of the warehouse and are in close contact with each other, so that the containers arranged in the matrix are required to be broken into single containers in the conveying process.
2. The placement orientation of the container when the container is taken out of the warehouse is different from the placement orientation required by the packing of the container (the "placement orientation" refers to that the long side and the short side of a single container are parallel or perpendicular relative to the direction of a conveying line, so that the containers can be orderly arranged to be conveniently packed, the containers need to be rotated in advance, so that the containers can be orderly arranged), and then the containers need to be photographed, identified and turned in advance.
3. The packing box needs to sweep the code before packing, and whether the packing box accords with the order is judged.
In combination with the problems, the loading method adopts the following steps:
1. the packing box is delivered out of the warehouse in a single-layer matrix arrangement mode and enters a first conveying line 1 (differential conveying line), the first conveying line 1 is divided into two sections, a first monomer 101 and a second monomer 102 are sequentially arranged along the conveying line direction, the speed of the first monomer 101 is smaller than that of the second monomer 102, and when the packing box in matrix arrangement enters the second monomer 102 from the first monomer 101, the row (vertical to the direction of the first conveying line 1) distance of the matrix can be increased.
2. The second conveying line 2 is also designed into two sections, a third monomer 201 and a fourth monomer 202 are sequentially arranged along the conveying line direction, the speed of the third monomer 201 is smaller than that of the fourth monomer 202, the second monomer 102 and the third monomer 201 form a right-angle structure, when a row of containers enter the third monomer 201 from the second monomer 102, the first conveying line 1 stops running, and when the row of containers are conveyed to the fourth monomer 202 from the third monomer 201, the distance between the row of containers is increased due to the differential speed;
and when a container enters the area where the jacking rotating mechanism 206 is located, the CCD camera 203 and the bar code scanning gun 204 respectively shoot and sweep the code for the container, judge the placement position of the container through the photo, compare the placement position of the container with the placement position of the container required by the system when the system is preset and packed, if the container is the same, the container does not need to be rotated, and directly pass through, if the container is not the same, the jacking rotating mechanism 206 works, the container is jacked up, and then rotated by 90 degrees, and the placement position of the container is changed.
3. The containers enter the third conveying line 3 (accumulation type conveying line) from the second conveying line 2, the containers matched with the orders are directly conveyed to the tail end of the third conveying line 3, and the containers not matched with the orders are output from the output conveying line (i.e. leave the third conveying line).
4. When the containers arranged at the output end of the accumulation type conveying line reach the preset number, the conveying line stops conveying, and the horizontal encircling type packing machine at the output end of the accumulation type conveying line packs the containers 13 stopped at the output end integrally.
5. The travelling trolley moves to the position above the packed container along the track, the packed container is grabbed and lifted by the lifting mechanism, and then the travelling trolley drives the lifting mechanism to move to the position above the boxcar and places the goods in the boxcar.
In step 5, after the truck enters the truck parking area, the laser sensors on the two sides of the truck head and the truck tail detect the position of the truck, and the distance meter detects the length of the truck carriage; the information that photoelectric sensor and distancer gathered is sent to hoist and mount PLC, hoist and mount PLC sends information to ground PLC again, ground PLC feeds back information to the host computer, the host computer judges whether the freight train parks perpendicularly with the direction of delivery of accumulation formula transfer chain according to the distance information that four photoelectric sensor gathered, if take place the slope, then snatch the back with the packing box at grabbing mechanism 902, hoist and mount PLC control rotary part's driving motor work, make hoist and mount mechanism in the certain angle of horizontal direction gyration, so that the length direction of grabbing mechanism 902 is perpendicular with freight train length direction.
It should be noted that: the output conveying line is arranged in the embodiment, so that real-time statistics and prior output can be performed on containers which are taken out of the warehouse but do not meet the order requirements, the non-compliant items are prevented from entering the packing area, and real-time management on the containers which do not meet the order requirements is facilitated.
CCD camera model: CV-H500C, model of code scanning gun: SR-610, solenoid valve model: XMD-63DL-M9, type of photoelectric sensor: GTE-N1211, laser sensor model: SW-LDS50A, range finder model: SW-LDS50A, ground PLC model: s7-1200, hoisting PLC model: s7-1200, model of an upper computer: IPC-610.

Claims (10)

1.箱式货物智能化装车系统,其特征在于:包括输送线机构、轨道机构、行走机构、吊装机构及控制系统;1. The intelligent loading system for box goods is characterized by: including a conveyor line mechanism, a track mechanism, a traveling mechanism, a hoisting mechanism and a control system; 所述输送线机构设于轨道机构一端,行走机构设于轨道机构上,能够沿轨道机构移动,所述吊装机构与行走机构连接,用于吊装输送线机构上的货箱;The conveyor line mechanism is located at one end of the track mechanism, and the traveling mechanism is located on the track mechanism and can move along the track mechanism. The hoisting mechanism is connected to the traveling mechanism and is used to hoist the cargo box on the conveyor line mechanism; 所述输送线机构包括第一输送线、第二输送线和第三输送线,第二输送线两端分别垂直连接第一输送线和第三输送线;The conveyor line mechanism includes a first conveyor line, a second conveyor line and a third conveyor line, and both ends of the second conveyor line are vertically connected to the first conveyor line and the third conveyor line respectively; 所述轨道机构包括两根平行设置的轨道,轨道下方通过多根立柱支撑,两根轨道之间的区域为货车停放区,且两根轨道垂直于第三输送线的输送方向设于第三输送线上方,所述行走机构包括一组与两根轨道配合安装的行走小车,所述行走小车下方连接吊装机构;The track mechanism includes two tracks arranged in parallel. The lower part of the track is supported by multiple columns. The area between the two tracks is the truck parking area, and the two tracks are perpendicular to the conveying direction of the third conveyor line. Above the line, the traveling mechanism includes a set of traveling trolleys installed in conjunction with two rails, and a lifting mechanism is connected below the traveling trolley; 所述控制系统包括上位机、地面PLC和吊装PLC,所述地面PLC用于控制输送线机构,吊装PLC用于控制轨道机构、行走机构和吊装机构,地面PLC分别连接吊装PLC和上位机;所述第一、二、三输送线均为滚筒式输送线结构,且第一输送线和第二输送线为差速输送线,第三输送线为积放式输送线,所述第一输送线输出端端口与第二输送线输入端的侧面相对,第二输送线输出端端口与第三输送线输入端侧面相对,第三输送线输出端位于轨道机构下方;The control system includes a host computer, a ground PLC and a hoisting PLC. The ground PLC is used to control the conveyor line mechanism. The hoisting PLC is used to control the track mechanism, traveling mechanism and hoisting mechanism. The ground PLC is connected to the hoisting PLC and the host computer respectively; The first, second, and third conveyor lines are all roller conveyor line structures, and the first conveyor line and the second conveyor line are differential conveyor lines, and the third conveyor line is an accumulation and release conveyor line. The first conveyor line The output end port is opposite to the side of the second conveyor line input end, the second conveyor line output end port is opposite to the side of the third conveyor line input end, and the third conveyor line output end is located below the track mechanism; 所述第一输送线和第二输送线均包括至少两段能够独立运行的滚筒式输送线单体,沿输送线方向依次记为输送线单体一、输送线单体二、输送线单体三及输送线单体四,输送线单体二与输送线单体三对接,其中输送线单体一运输速度小于输送线单体二,输送线单体三运输速度小于输送线单体四,输送线单体二与输送线单体三之间及输送线单体三与输送线单体四之间设有光电传感器,输送线单体四一侧设有CCD相机和条码扫描枪,分别用于采集货箱的外观图像及条码信息,输送线单体四上设有一开口区,所述开口区设有一组顶升旋转机构,所述顶升旋转机构包括 “井”字托板、顶升气缸、齿轮组及驱动电机,“井”字托板下方连接齿轮组的从动轮,齿轮组的主动轮连接驱动电机,驱动电机通过齿轮组带动“井”字托板旋转,所述齿轮组下端面连接顶升气缸,通过顶升气缸能够控制“井”字托板的升降,所述输送线单体一至四的驱动电机、光电传感器、CCD相机、条码扫描枪、顶升气缸及驱动齿轮组转动的驱动电机均与地面PLC连接;The first conveyor line and the second conveyor line each include at least two sections of roller conveyor line units that can operate independently, which are sequentially marked as conveyor line unit one, conveyor line unit two, and conveyor line unit along the direction of the conveyor line. Three and conveyor line monomer four, conveyor line monomer two and conveyor line monomer three are connected, in which the transportation speed of conveyor line monomer one is lower than that of conveyor line monomer two, and the transportation speed of conveyor line monomer three is smaller than that of conveyor line monomer four. There is a photoelectric sensor between the conveyor line unit 2 and the conveyor line unit 3, and between the conveyor line unit 3 and the conveyor line unit 4. There is a CCD camera and a barcode scanner on one side of the conveyor line unit 4, respectively. In order to collect the appearance image and barcode information of the container, an opening area is provided on the conveyor line unit 4. The opening area is equipped with a set of lifting and rotating mechanisms. The lifting and rotating mechanisms include a "well" supporting plate, a lifting Cylinder, gear set and drive motor. The driven wheel of the gear set is connected to the bottom of the "well"-shaped supporting plate. The driving wheel of the gear set is connected to the driving motor. The driving motor drives the "well"-shaped supporting plate to rotate through the gear set. The gear set is connected to the driven wheel of the gear set. The end face is connected to the lifting cylinder, and the lifting cylinder can control the lifting and lowering of the "well"-shaped pallet. The driving motors, photoelectric sensors, CCD cameras, barcode scanners, lifting cylinders and driving gear sets of the conveyor line units one to four The rotating drive motors are all connected to the ground PLC; 所述第三输送线一侧设有一组第四输送线,所述第四输送线为输出输送线,在第三输送线一侧相对于第二输送线位于下游一侧,用于将不符合订单要求的货箱输出。There is a set of fourth conveyor lines on one side of the third conveyor line. The fourth conveyor line is an output conveyor line. The third conveyor line is located on the downstream side relative to the second conveyor line and is used to transport non-conforming conveyors. Carton output required by the order. 2.根据权利要求1所述的箱式货物智能化装车系统,其特征在于:所述第三输送线处设有与地面PLC连接的水平环抱式打包机,水平环抱式打包机包括主体及走带框,主体设于第三输送线输出端口一侧,走带框由第三输送线的输出端一侧向上游延伸至轨道机构的下方,所述第三输送线上的两侧支架各开设有一缺口,两缺口正相对,所述走带框能够穿过该缺口以及相邻两根滚筒之间的间隙,使走带框能够由第三输送线的滚筒上方运动至滚筒下方。2. The intelligent loading system for box-type goods according to claim 1, characterized in that: the third conveyor line is provided with a horizontal wrap-around baler connected to the ground PLC, and the horizontal wrap-around baler includes a main body and a conveyor. The main body of the belt frame is located on the output port side of the third conveyor line. The belt transport frame extends upstream from the output end side of the third conveyor line to the bottom of the track mechanism. Brackets on both sides of the third conveyor line are provided with openings on each side. There is a gap, and the two gaps are opposite to each other. The belt transport frame can pass through the gap and the gap between two adjacent rollers, so that the belt transport frame can move from above the roller of the third conveyor line to below the roller. 3.根据权利要求1所述的箱式货物智能化装车系统,其特征在于:所述行走机构上设有驱动电机,用于驱动行走机构沿轨道移动,吊装机构包括纵向伸缩机构和抓取机构,纵向伸缩机构通过回转部件与行走机构连接,抓取机构连接在纵向伸缩机构下方,所述驱动电机与吊装PLC连接。3. The intelligent loading system for box-type goods according to claim 1, characterized in that: the traveling mechanism is provided with a driving motor for driving the traveling mechanism to move along the track, and the hoisting mechanism includes a longitudinal telescopic mechanism and a grabbing mechanism. , the longitudinal telescopic mechanism is connected to the traveling mechanism through the rotating component, the grabbing mechanism is connected below the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, and the drive motor is connected to the hoisting PLC. 4.根据权利要求3所述的箱式货物智能化装车系统,其特征在于:所述回转部件包括驱动电机及相互啮合的主动轮和从动轮,驱动电机固定于行走机构上,与吊装PLC连接,驱动电机输出轴连接主动轮,所述纵向伸缩机构为剪叉式升降机,其顶部设有一顶板,底部设有一底板,顶板中央通过回转轴与行走机构连接,使纵向伸缩机构能够绕回转轴回转,顶板同时与主动轮固定连接,主动轮与回转轴同轴设置。4. The intelligent loading system for box-type goods according to claim 3, characterized in that: the rotating component includes a driving motor and an intermeshing driving wheel and a driven wheel. The driving motor is fixed on the traveling mechanism and connected to the hoisting PLC. , the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the driving wheel, and the longitudinal telescopic mechanism is a scissor lift, with a top plate on the top and a bottom plate on the bottom. The center of the top plate is connected to the traveling mechanism through a rotary shaft, so that the longitudinal telescopic mechanism can rotate around the rotary axis. , the top plate is fixedly connected to the driving wheel at the same time, and the driving wheel and the rotary shaft are coaxially arranged. 5.根据权利要求4所述的箱式货物智能化装车系统,其特征在于:所述抓取机构包括基板及设于基板下表面的多个吸盘,多个吸盘通过电磁阀连接真空泵和空压机,所述电磁阀同时连接吊装PLC,所述基板与纵向伸缩机构的底板固定连接。5. The intelligent loading system for boxed goods according to claim 4, characterized in that: the grabbing mechanism includes a base plate and a plurality of suction cups provided on the lower surface of the base board, and the plurality of suction cups are connected to a vacuum pump and air pressure through a solenoid valve. machine, the solenoid valve is connected to the hoisting PLC at the same time, and the base plate is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism. 6.根据权利要求5所述的箱式货物智能化装车系统,其特征在于:所述立柱高度大于货车高度,靠近货车车头的两侧的立柱和车尾的两侧的立柱上各设有一个激光传感器,货车停放区和第三输送线之间设有激光传感器,各激光传感器分别与吊装PLC连接。6. The intelligent loading system for boxed goods according to claim 5, characterized in that: the height of the uprights is greater than the height of the truck, and there are two uprights on both sides of the front and rear of the truck. Laser sensor: There is a laser sensor between the truck parking area and the third conveyor line. Each laser sensor is connected to the hoisting PLC. 7.一种采用权利要求1-6任意一项所述箱式货物智能化装车系统的装车方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:7. A loading method using the intelligent loading system for box-type goods according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1、货箱按单层矩阵排列的方式出库,进入差速输送线;S1. The containers are arranged in a single-layer matrix out of the warehouse and enter the differential conveyor line; S2、采用两组输送方向相互垂直的差速输送线将矩阵式排列的货箱分成单列的排列方式,且每列的货箱相互间隔;S2. Use two sets of differential conveying lines with mutually perpendicular conveying directions to divide the matrix-arranged containers into single rows, and the containers in each column are spaced apart from each other; S3、单个货箱依次通过差速输送线和积放式输送线,并在积放式输送线输出端停止,此时,多个货箱在积放式输送线输出端按沿输送线方向的单列排列;S3. A single container passes through the differential conveyor line and the accumulation conveyor line in sequence, and stops at the output end of the accumulation conveyor line. At this time, multiple containers move along the direction of the conveyor line at the output end of the accumulation conveyor line. Single column arrangement; S4、当积放式输送线输出端排列的货箱达到预设数量时,输送线停止输送,积放式输送线输出端设置水平环抱式打包机,打包机对到达输送线输出端的货箱进行整体打包;S4. When the number of boxes arranged at the output end of the accumulation conveyor line reaches the preset number, the conveyor line stops conveying, and a horizontal encircling baler is set at the output end of the accumulation conveyor line. The baler packs the boxes arriving at the output end of the conveyor line. Overall packaging; S5、行走小车沿轨道移动至打包的货箱上方,通过吊装机构将打包货箱抓取并起吊,然后行走小车带动吊装机构移动至货车车厢上方并将货物下放至货车车厢。S5. The walking trolley moves along the track to the top of the packed container, grabs and lifts the packed container through the hoisting mechanism, and then the walking trolley drives the hoisting mechanism to move to the top of the truck compartment and lower the goods into the truck compartment. 8.根据权利要求7所述的装车方法,其特征在于:在步骤S2中,两组差速输送线分为第一输送线和第二输送线,第一输送线输入端对接仓库,输出端对接第二输送线的输入端的侧面,且第一、二输送线的输送方向相互垂直。8. The loading method according to claim 7, characterized in that: in step S2, the two sets of differential conveying lines are divided into a first conveying line and a second conveying line, and the input end of the first conveying line is connected to the warehouse, and the output end is connected to the warehouse. The end butts the side of the input end of the second conveyor line, and the conveying directions of the first and second conveying lines are perpendicular to each other. 9.根据权利要求8所述的装车方法,其特征在于:在步骤S3中,第二输送线上设有照相机、条码扫描枪及顶升旋转机构,对单个货箱在第二输送线上进行货箱外形图像采集和条码扫描,并将货箱外形图像信息和条码信息发送至地面PLC,地面PLC通过货箱外形图像信息对货箱长边和短边所在的方位进行比较,若该货箱当前的长边和短边所在方位符合在水平环抱式打包机中的打包要求,则第二输送线带动该货箱继续向前输送;若该货箱当前的长边和短边所在方位不符合在水平环抱式打包机中的打包要求,则顶升旋转机构将该货箱顶起,然后旋转90°,再下放至输送线上并随输送线向前移动;在积放式输送线一侧还设有一条输出输送线,与积放式输送线垂直对接,地面PLC通过条码信息对货物进行判断,若该货物不符合订单要求,则判定为不符合项,对应的货箱由第二输送线进入积放式输送线后,由输出输送线输出。9. The loading method according to claim 8, characterized in that: in step S3, a camera, a barcode scanning gun and a lifting and rotating mechanism are provided on the second conveyor line, and a single container is placed on the second conveyor line. Carry out container shape image collection and barcode scanning, and send the container shape image information and barcode information to the ground PLC. The ground PLC uses the container shape image information to compare the orientation of the long and short sides of the container. If the cargo If the current long and short sides of the box meet the packaging requirements in a horizontal wrap-around baler, the second conveyor line will drive the box to continue transporting forward; if the current long and short sides of the box do not meet the packaging requirements, If it meets the packaging requirements in a horizontal wrap-around baler, the lifting and rotating mechanism will jack up the container, then rotate it 90°, then lower it to the conveyor line and move forward with the conveyor line; on the accumulation conveyor line There is also an output conveyor line on the side, which is vertically connected to the accumulation conveyor line. The ground PLC judges the goods through the barcode information. If the goods do not meet the order requirements, they are judged as non-conforming items, and the corresponding boxes are sent to the second After the conveyor line enters the accumulation conveyor line, it is output by the output conveyor line. 10.根据权利要求7所述的装车方法,其特征在于:在步骤S5中,当货车进入货车停放区后,车头和车尾的5个激光传感器对货车进行位置检测;激光传感器和测距仪所采集的信息发送至地面PLC,同时,地面PLC再将信息发送至吊装PLC,地面PLC将信息反馈至上位机,上位机根据5个激光传感器所采集的距离信息判断货车停放是否与积放式输送线的输送方向垂直,若发生倾斜,则在抓取机构将货箱抓取后,吊装PLC控制回转部件的驱动电机工作,使吊装机构在水平方向回转一定角度,以使抓取机构的长度方向与货车长度方向垂直。10. The loading method according to claim 7, characterized in that: in step S5, when the truck enters the truck parking area, five laser sensors at the front and rear of the truck perform position detection on the truck; the laser sensor and ranging The information collected by the instrument is sent to the ground PLC. At the same time, the ground PLC sends the information to the hoisting PLC. The ground PLC feeds the information back to the host computer. The host computer determines whether the truck is parked according to the distance information collected by the five laser sensors. The conveying direction of the conveyor line is vertical. If it tilts, after the grabbing mechanism grabs the container, the hoisting PLC controls the driving motor of the rotating part to work, so that the hoisting mechanism rotates at a certain angle in the horizontal direction, so that the grabbing mechanism The length direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the truck.
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