CN109909807B - Method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in numerical control system - Google Patents
Method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in numerical control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109909807B CN109909807B CN201910267482.XA CN201910267482A CN109909807B CN 109909807 B CN109909807 B CN 109909807B CN 201910267482 A CN201910267482 A CN 201910267482A CN 109909807 B CN109909807 B CN 109909807B
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Abstract
The invention also relates to a method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in the numerical control system, which comprises the following steps: (1) the numerical control system generates a scanning track in advance; (2) and the numerical control system performs scanning height measurement. By adopting the method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in the numerical control system, the problems of low efficiency, large error, easy damage to workpieces and the like of the traditional contact type height measurement can be effectively solved by using the automatic scanning height measurement. High energy acquisition, very much elevation point information, is measured using auto-scanning. The surface information of the workpiece can be better obtained, the Z-axis height during machining can be more accurately adjusted, the distance from the tool bit to the surface of the workpiece is ensured to be constant, and better cutting quality is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automatic control, in particular to the field of automatic height measurement of machine tools, and particularly relates to a method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in a numerical control system.
Background
The height measurement function is used for measuring the height difference of the surface of the workpiece, so that the height difference of the tool bit from the surface of the workpiece is constant during automatic machining, and the automatic machining can achieve a better machining effect. The traditional height measurement function generally adopts a contact height measurement mode, namely, in the height measurement process, the Z axis descends at the position of a height measurement point until a height measurement signal (IO signal) is obtained, and finally the height value of a single height measurement point is determined.
For a machined workpiece like a rock plate, the surface of the workpiece is a two-dimensional curved surface or an irregular curved surface. The whole height measurement process usually needs to measure dozens of height measurement points and execute repeated operation for many times, so that the process is very complicated and the efficiency is low abnormally. And the height gauge acquires the height value in a contact manner, so that the measurement error ratio is large, and the processed workpiece is easy to deform.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in a numerical control system with high efficiency, small error and low loss.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in the numerical control system of the invention is as follows:
the method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in the numerical control system is mainly characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) the numerical control system generates a scanning track in advance;
(2) and the numerical control system performs scanning height measurement.
Preferably, the step (1) specifically comprises the following steps:
(1.1) scanning the information of the processed workpiece by preset parameters of a numerical control system;
and (1.2) forming a scanning track through latticed point taking according to the workpiece information and the scanning information.
Preferably, the workpiece information in the step (1.2) includes a workpiece coordinate value at a lower left corner of the workpiece, an original long dimension of the workpiece, and an original wide dimension of the workpiece; the scanning information comprises a scanning direction and a scanning interval.
Preferably, the step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2.1) the numerical control system obtains a reference value;
(2.2) the numerical control system collects the height measurement data;
(2.3) calculating to obtain workpiece information according to the height measurement point data, and determining the Z value of each point on the workpiece;
and (2.4) the numerical control system calculates the Z value of each point of the machining tool path according to the obtained workpiece surface information and adjusts the Z-axis coordinate in the automatic machining process.
Preferably, the step (2.1) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2.1.1) moving the cutter head at the starting position of the scanning track to the height measurement safety height, popping up a height measurement cylinder, starting a sensor to project light, and enabling the cutter head to move downwards along the Z-axis;
(2.1.2) moving the tool bit for a fixed distance to reach the reference point position, and reading the Z-axis mechanical position and the feedback value of the sensor at the moment as the reference value.
Preferably, the step (2.2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2.2.1) the tool bit moves at a high speed along the scanning track, and the feedback value of the sensor of the height measurement point is collected near the height measurement point;
(2.2.2) the numerical control system calculates the Z value of the height measuring point through the feedback value of the sensor and the reference value, and collects the Z value data of all the height measuring points.
Preferably, in the step (2.3), the workpiece information is calculated by a linear area fitting algorithm according to the height measurement data.
Preferably, in the step (2.3), the workpiece information is calculated according to a weighted average of Z values at 4 points of the grid.
Preferably, in the step (2.4), the distance between the tool bit and the surface of the workpiece is kept unchanged in the process of calculating the Z value of each point of the machining tool path and adjusting the Z-axis coordinate in the automatic machining process.
By adopting the method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in the numerical control system, the problems of low efficiency, large error, easy damage to workpieces and the like of the traditional contact type height measurement can be effectively solved by using the automatic scanning height measurement. High energy acquisition, very much elevation point information, is measured using auto-scanning. The surface information of the workpiece can be better obtained, the Z-axis height during machining can be more accurately adjusted, the distance from the tool bit to the surface of the workpiece is ensured to be constant, and better cutting quality is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scanning track of a method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in a numerical control system of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic overall flow chart of a method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in the numerical control system of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly describe the technical contents of the present invention, the following further description is given in conjunction with specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the method for implementing automatic scanning height measurement in the numerical control system of the present invention includes:
(1) the numerical control system generates a scanning track in advance;
(1.1) scanning the information of the processed workpiece by preset parameters of a numerical control system;
(1.2) forming a scanning track through latticed point taking according to the workpiece information and the scanning information;
(2) the numerical control system scans and measures the height;
(2.1) the numerical control system obtains a reference value;
(2.1.1) moving the cutter head at the starting position of the scanning track to the height measurement safety height, popping up a height measurement cylinder, starting a sensor to project light, and enabling the cutter head to move downwards along the Z-axis;
(2.1.2) moving the tool bit for a fixed distance to reach the position of a reference point, and reading the mechanical position of the Z axis and the feedback value of the sensor at the moment as the reference value;
(2.2) the numerical control system collects the height measurement data;
(2.2.1) the tool bit moves at a high speed along the scanning track, and the feedback value of the sensor of the height measurement point is collected near the height measurement point;
(2.2.2) the numerical control system calculates Z values of the height measuring points through the feedback values of the sensors and the reference values, and collects Z value data of all the height measuring points;
(2.3) calculating to obtain workpiece information according to the height measurement point data, and determining the Z value of each point on the workpiece;
and (2.4) the numerical control system calculates the Z value of each point of the machining tool path according to the obtained workpiece surface information and adjusts the Z-axis coordinate in the automatic machining process.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the workpiece information in step (1.2) includes workpiece coordinate values of a lower left corner of the workpiece, an original long dimension of the workpiece, and an original wide dimension of the workpiece; the scanning information comprises a scanning direction and a scanning interval.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2.3), workpiece information is calculated by a linear area fitting algorithm based on the height measurement point data.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2.3), the workpiece information is obtained by calculating a weighted average of Z values at 4 points of the grid.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2.4), the distance between the tool tip and the surface of the workpiece is kept constant during the process of calculating the Z value of each point of the machining tool path and adjusting the Z-axis coordinate in the automatic machining process.
In the specific implementation mode of the invention, the invention aims to solve the problems of high measurement, low efficiency, large error, easiness in damaging the workpiece and the like of the traditional contact type for cutting the workpiece such as the rock plate. The invention provides an automatic scanning height measurement function, which can automatically generate a scanning track according to preset workpiece information. When the height measurement is carried out, a reference value is automatically obtained at the starting point of a scanning track, after the reference value is successfully obtained, high-speed continuous motion scanning is carried out along a preset track, accurate height information is fed back through a laser sensor, and then the information of the machined surface is obtained, and the cutter head is constant to the surface of a workpiece during automatic machining. The whole process is continuous and quick, the working time is shortened, and the height measurement efficiency is improved. The laser sensor is used for obtaining the height value, the relative contact type height measurement is realized, the precision is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the damage to the workpiece is also avoided.
Firstly, generating a scanning track in advance.
1. Presetting parameters, and scanning information of a processed workpiece, wherein the information comprises a coordinate value of the workpiece at the lower left corner of the workpiece and the original length and width dimensions of the workpiece. Information of the scan, scan direction and scan pitch.
2. And adopting a latticed point taking and S-shaped connecting line to form a scanning track according to the workpiece information and the scanning information. As shown in fig. 1, red is a scanning track, height measurement points are marked, and a rectangular frame is a workpiece.
Second, scanning height measuring process
1. And acquiring a benchmark. At the starting position of the scanning track, the cutter head moves to the height measurement safety height, the height measurement cylinder pops up, the sensor is turned on to project light, and then the Z axis moves downwards. And after the upper limit is separated, moving for a fixed distance to reach the position of a reference point, and reading the mechanical position of the Z axis and the feedback value of the sensor at the moment to serve as the reference.
2. And collecting height measurement data. And (3) moving at a high speed along the scanning track, collecting sensor feedback values of the height measuring points near the height measuring points, solving the Z values of the height measuring points with the reference values until the movement is finished, and collecting Z value data of all the height measuring points.
3. And obtaining the surface information of the workpiece according to the obtained height measurement point data. And obtaining workpiece information through a linear area fitting algorithm or a weighted average algorithm according to Z values of 4 points of the grid. The Z value of each point on the workpiece is determined.
4. And adjusting the Z-axis coordinate during automatic processing. And according to the obtained workpiece surface information, the Z value of each point of the machining tool path is calculated, and the constant distance from the tool bit to the workpiece surface is ensured.
By adopting the method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in the numerical control system, the problems of low efficiency, large error, easy damage to workpieces and the like of the traditional contact type height measurement can be effectively solved by using the automatic scanning height measurement. High energy acquisition, very much elevation point information, is measured using auto-scanning. The surface information of the workpiece can be better obtained, the Z-axis height during machining can be more accurately adjusted, the distance from the tool bit to the surface of the workpiece is ensured to be constant, and better cutting quality is ensured.
In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
Claims (2)
1. A method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in a numerical control system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the numerical control system generates a scanning track in advance;
(2) the numerical control system scans and measures the height;
the step (1) specifically comprises the following steps:
(1.1) scanning the information of the processed workpiece by preset parameters of a numerical control system;
(1.2) forming a scanning track through latticed points according to the processing workpiece information and the scanning information;
the processed workpiece information in the step (1.2) comprises workpiece coordinate values of the lower left corner of the workpiece, the original long size of the workpiece and the original wide size of the workpiece; the scanning information comprises a scanning direction and a scanning interval;
the step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2.1) the numerical control system obtains a reference value;
(2.2) the numerical control system collects the height measurement data;
(2.3) obtaining workpiece surface information according to the obtained height measurement point data, obtaining workpiece information through a linear area fitting algorithm or a weighted average algorithm according to Z values of 4 points on the grid, and determining the Z value of each point on the workpiece;
(2.4) the numerical control system calculates the Z value of each point of the machining tool path according to the obtained workpiece surface information, and adjusts the Z-axis coordinate in the automatic machining process;
the step (2.1) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2.1.1) moving the cutter head at the starting position of the scanning track to the height measurement safety height, popping up a height measurement cylinder, starting a sensor to project light, and enabling the cutter head to move downwards along the Z-axis;
(2.1.2) moving the tool bit for a fixed distance to reach the position of a reference point, and reading the mechanical position of the Z axis and the feedback value of the sensor at the moment as the reference value;
the step (2.2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2.2.1) the tool bit moves at a high speed along the scanning track, and the feedback value of the sensor of the height measurement point is collected near the height measurement point;
(2.2.2) the numerical control system calculates the Z value of the height measuring point through the feedback value of the sensor and the reference value, and collects the Z value data of all the height measuring points.
2. The method for realizing automatic scanning height measurement in a numerical control system according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the tool bit to the surface of the workpiece is kept unchanged during the process of calculating the Z value of each point of the machining tool path and adjusting the Z-axis coordinate in the automatic machining process in the step (2.4).
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