CN109898485B

CN109898485B - Underwater garbage cleaning device for hydroelectric power station

Info

Publication number: CN109898485B
Application number: CN201910277973.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王国辉
Original assignee: Nanjing Lishui Hi Tech Industry Equity Investment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Lishui Hi Tech Industry Equity Investment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-04-08
Filing date: 2019-04-08
Publication date: 2021-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-08
Also published as: CN109898485A

Abstract

The invention discloses an underwater garbage cleaning device for a hydroelectric power station, which comprises a water tank seat, wherein an impurity removing cavity which is through from front to back and has a downward opening is arranged in the water tank seat, a sluice gate switching assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the impurity removing cavity, a rotating rod which extends from front to back is arranged in the sluice gate switching assembly, the front end and the back end of the rotating rod are respectively hinged and connected with a longitudinal straight tooth plate and a driven hanging rod which extend from top to bottom, the inner wall of the right side of the impurity removing cavity is provided with slideways which are symmetrical from front to back, a sliding support rod is connected in a sliding fit manner in the slideways, and a synchronization plate is respectively and fixedly connected between the sliding support rod and the longitudinal straight tooth plate as well as between the driven hanging rod; the garbage collection device is simple in structure, the front and rear garbage collection devices are mutually shifted, and the opening is automatically opened and closed by water flow, so that the garbage is not lost in the process of lifting and draining, and the garbage collection device can be automatically opened after reaching a specified height, and is convenient for subsequent transportation and processing.

Description

Underwater garbage cleaning device for hydroelectric power station

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage cleaning, in particular to an underwater garbage cleaning device for a hydroelectric power station.

Background

Hydroelectric power generation is used as a main component of a power source in China, and the amount of water required every day is a huge value to generate electricity by passing through a wheel set. Due to the continuous development and involvement of human beings and the lack of river management and self environmental awareness, a lot of artificial floating garbage exists in natural water areas.

The traditional water surface garbage can be treated by a driven garbage collection ship, and even can be salvaged by a special person. However, due to the particularity of hydroelectric power generation, the potential energy accumulated by water at a high point is required to move downwards to generate kinetic energy to drive the wheels to work. The water flow of the garbage stockpiled area is turbulent and difficult to throw in a garbage cleaning vehicle, and manual cleaning is not safe. Therefore, the device capable of separating the garbage out of the water surface in the high water level area becomes a necessary trend in the development of the current industry, and the invention provides the device capable of solving the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a device for cleaning garbage in water for a hydroelectric power station, which can overcome the defects in the prior art.

The invention relates to an underwater garbage cleaning device for a hydroelectric power station, which comprises a water tank seat, wherein an impurity removing cavity which is communicated from front to back and has a downward opening is arranged in the water tank seat, a sluice port switching assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the right side of the impurity removing cavity, a rotating rod which extends from front to back is arranged in the sluice port switching assembly, the front end and the back end of the rotating rod are respectively hinged and connected with a longitudinal straight tooth plate and a driven hanging rod which extend from top to bottom, the inner wall of the right side of the impurity removing cavity is provided with slideways which are symmetrical from front to back, the slideways are connected with sliding support rods in a sliding fit manner, synchronous plates are respectively fixedly connected between the sliding support rods and the longitudinal straight tooth plate and the driven hanging rod, the sliding support rods, the longitudinal straight tooth plate and the driven hanging rod are mutually connected with hydraulic driving assemblies which are symmetrical from left to right in a rotating fit manner near the sides, a garbage collecting device is arranged in the impurity removing cavity and is controlled by the hydraulic driving assemblies, the garbage collection device is characterized in that the upper end of the garbage collection device is provided with a bilateral symmetry switch assembly and is right-left, the hydraulic drive assembly is controlled at the joint of the garbage collection device, the inner side of the top of the impurity removal cavity is provided with a front lifting assembly and a rear lifting assembly, an unlocking device is connected to the inner end of the lifting assembly in a rotating fit mode and is controlled by the switch assembly, a lifting motor is embedded into the inner wall of the top of the impurity removal cavity, the lower end of the lifting motor is connected with the front end of the lifting assembly in a power connection mode, and when the unlocking device is used, the lifting motor can be automatically started to drive the lifting assembly to enable the garbage collection device to ascend to the upper end of the water surface to be transported and processed.

Preferably, the gate switching assembly comprises a rotating shaft which is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the right end of the impurity removing cavity and extends leftwards and rightwards, a rotating rod which extends forwards and backwards is connected to the rotating shaft in a rotating fit manner, a through groove which is communicated leftwards and rightwards and is connected with the rotating shaft in a sliding fit manner is formed in the rotating rod, a hanging limiting groove is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top end of the impurity removing cavity, a driven hanging rod is connected to the hanging limiting groove in a sliding fit manner, the driven hanging rod is hinged to the rear end of the rotating rod, the tail end of the lower end of the driven hanging rod is connected with a hydraulic driving assembly in a rotating fit manner, a swing arm is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right end of the impurity removing cavity, a vertical straight tooth plate which extends upwards and downwards is connected to the swing arm in a sliding fit manner, a hydraulic driving assembly is connected to the lower end of the vertical straight tooth plate in a rotating fit manner, a driving motor is embedded in the inner wall of the right end of the impurity removing cavity, and a driving shaft which extends leftwards is connected in a power manner, be equipped with in the drive shaft with the incomplete gear that vertical spur rack meshing is connected, edulcoration chamber right-hand member inner wall is equipped with and is located the reversing shaft of extension about the drive shaft lower extreme just, the last normal running fit of reversing shaft connect with the reversing gear that incomplete gear meshing is connected, reversing gear with meshing is connected between the vertical spur rack.

Preferably, the hydraulic drive assembly comprises the sliding support rod, the longitudinal straight tooth plate and the driven hanging rod, the fixed point shaft extending leftwards and rightwards is connected to the side end face of the driven hanging rod in a rotating fit mode, the fixed point shaft is provided with a drive coupling device close to the symmetrical center end, and the fixed point shaft is provided with an impeller located at the end, far away from the symmetrical center, of the drive coupling device.

Preferably, the garbage collection device comprises a garbage can, the end surface of the top end of the garbage can is fixedly connected with a starting rod, the end surface of the lower end of the garbage can is fixedly connected with auxiliary supporting legs which are bilaterally symmetrical, the auxiliary supporting legs are connected with the synchronous plates in an abutting mode, a storage cavity with a forward opening is arranged in the garbage can, bilaterally symmetrical water blocking plates are fixedly connected in the storage cavity, threaded rods which extend leftwards and rightwards and penetrate through the garbage can are connected on the water blocking plates in a rotating fit mode, baffle doors which are positioned at the ends, close to the symmetrical centers, of the water blocking plates are connected on the threaded rods in a threaded fit mode, four-rod ratchet wheels which are positioned at the ends, far from the symmetrical centers, of the water blocking plates are arranged on the threaded rods, the side-pressing connection of the four-rod ratchet wheels and the water blocking plates are close to each other is provided with a torque spring, and driven shaft couplers which are positioned at the outer side of the garbage can are connected on the threaded rods in a sliding fit mode, the driven coupling is connected with the driving coupling in an abutting mode, and a spline for connecting the driven coupling in an abutting mode is arranged on the threaded rod.

Preferably, the switch assembly comprises a support which is symmetrical with the front and back of the inner wall of the upper end of the garbage can, a crossbeam is fixedly connected between the garbage cans, a clamping pawl located at the lower end of the crossbeam is connected to the garbage can in a sliding fit mode, the clamping pawl and the crossbeam are connected with a reset spring in a mutually close side jacking mode, a left butt hole and a right butt hole which are communicated are formed in the clamping pawl, a symmetrical butt rod is connected to the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the storage cavity in a sliding fit mode, a far symmetrical center end of the butt rod is connected with the driven shaft coupler in a sliding fit mode, a roller is connected to the near symmetrical center end of the butt rod in a rotating fit mode, the roller is connected with the clamping pawl in a butting mode, and a compression spring is connected to the inner wall of the storage cavity in a mutually close side jacking mode.

Preferably, the lifting assembly comprises a threaded shaft which is connected with the inner wall of the top end of the impurity removing cavity in a rotating fit mode and extends up and down, the upper end of the threaded shaft is dynamically connected with a lifting motor embedded in the inner wall of the top end of the impurity removing cavity, the threaded shaft is connected with a lifting frame in a threaded fit mode, the lower end of the lifting frame is connected with a suspension shaft which extends up and down in a rotating fit mode, the lower end of the suspension shaft is fixedly connected with an unlocking device, a belt pulley which is located at the upper end of the lifting frame is arranged on the threaded shaft, and the belt pulleys are connected through belt power.

Preferably, the unlocking device comprises a switch cover fixedly connected with the lower end of the suspension shaft, a groove with a downward opening is arranged in the switch cover, a slide rail is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the top end of the groove, a stopping block is connected on the slide rail in a sliding fit manner, the stopping block and the switch cover are mutually connected with a tension spring by abutting against the near side, a switching block positioned at the lower end of the slide rail is fixedly connected in the groove, a switching cavity is arranged in the switching block, a stress rod which extends up and down and penetrates through the switching block is connected in the switching cavity in a sliding fit manner, the upper end of the stress rod is fixedly connected with the stopping block, a driving push block positioned in the switching cavity is arranged on the stress rod, a transverse straight tooth plate which is bilaterally symmetrical is connected on the left and right inner walls of the switching cavity in a sliding fit manner, and a driven push block which is connected with the driving push block in an abutting manner is arranged at the end of the transverse straight tooth plate near the symmetrical center, the driven ejector pad with switch intracavity wall is close to near side roof pressure each other and is connected with the recovery spring, the normal running fit is connected with the transmission shaft that extends and bilateral symmetry around being connected with on the switch cover, be equipped with on the transmission shaft with the transmission gear runner that horizontal straight-tooth plate meshing is connected, be equipped with on the transmission shaft and be located the hook lever of transmission gear runner upper end.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the garbage collecting device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, the garbage collecting device is arranged in a channel at the water inlet end of the generator set, garbage floating on the water surface is collected by utilizing the impact force of water flow, the valve of the garbage can is closed through power conversion, meanwhile, the two garbage collecting devices with different heights in the front and the back are arranged, one garbage collecting device is correspondingly moved downwards when the other garbage collecting device is moved upwards through the switched reciprocating assembly, the floating garbage is prevented from entering a generator working group along with the water flow, and the working safety is guaranteed. The unlocking device driven by the lifting assembly cuts off the power input of the water flow power conversion assembly to the garbage collection device, the valve of the garbage can is opened through elastic recovery of the spring, and the garbage can ascends to a position far away from the water surface to facilitate subsequent transfer transportation.

Drawings

For ease of illustration, the invention is described in detail by the following specific examples and figures.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an apparatus for cleaning underwater garbage for a hydroelectric power station according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of "A-A" of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the butt joint of the switch assembly of FIG. 1

Fig. 4 is an enlarged structural view of "B" of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-4, for ease of description, the orientations described below will now be defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions described below correspond to the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions in the projection relationship of fig. 1 itself.

The invention relates to a device for cleaning garbage in water for a hydroelectric power station, which comprises a water tank seat 10, wherein an impurity removing cavity 11 which is through from front to back and has a downward opening is arranged in the water tank seat 10, a sluice gate switching assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the right side of the impurity removing cavity 11, a rotating rod 50 which extends from front to back is arranged in the sluice gate switching assembly, the front end and the back end of the rotating rod 50 are respectively hinged and connected with a longitudinal straight tooth plate 34 and a driven hanging rod 67 which extend from top to bottom, the inner wall of the right side of the impurity removing cavity 11 is provided with slide ways 19 which are symmetrical from front to back, slide support rods 21 are connected in a sliding and matching manner in the slide ways 19, synchronous plates 24 are respectively and fixedly connected between the slide support rods 21 and the longitudinal straight tooth plate 34 and the driven hanging rod 67, the slide support rods 21 and the longitudinal straight tooth plate 34 and the driven hanging rod 67 are connected with hydraulic drive assemblies which are symmetrical from left to right in a sliding and matching manner by rotating close sides, a garbage collection device is arranged in the impurity removing cavity 11 and controlled by the hydraulic drive assemblies, wherein, garbage collection device upper end is equipped with bilateral symmetry's switch module and right the water drive assembly with garbage collection device's junction controls, 11 top inboards in edulcoration chamber are provided with the lifting unit of front and back symmetry, wherein, lower extreme normal running fit is connected with unlocking device in the lifting unit, unlocking device is right switch module controls, 11 top inner walls in edulcoration chamber are embedded to have elevator motor 40, elevator motor 40 lower extreme is terminal and front end power is connected between the lifting unit, works as but after unlocking device was used automatic start elevator motor 40 drive lifting unit will garbage collection device rises to surface of water upper end and treats the transportation.

Beneficially, the gate switching assembly comprises a rotating shaft 33 extending left and right in fixedly connected with the inner wall of the right end of the impurity removing cavity 11, a rotating rod 50 extending front and back is connected to the rotating shaft 33 in a rotating fit manner, a through groove 51 penetrating the rotating rod 50 in a left-right manner and connected with the rotating shaft 33 in a sliding fit manner is formed in the rotating rod 50, a hanging type limiting groove 65 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top end of the impurity removing cavity 11, a driven hanging rod 67 is connected to the hanging type limiting groove 65 in a sliding fit manner, the driven hanging rod 67 is connected with the rear end of the rotating rod 50 in a hinged manner, a hydraulic driving assembly is connected to the tail end of the lower end of the driven hanging rod 67 in a rotating fit manner, a swing arm 66 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right end of the impurity removing cavity 11, a vertical straight tooth plate 34 extending up and down is connected to the swing arm 66 in a sliding fit manner, a hydraulic driving assembly is connected to the lower end of the vertical straight tooth plate 34 in a rotating fit manner, and a driving motor 39 is embedded in the inner wall of the right end of the impurity removing cavity 11, drive motor 39 left side end power is connected with the drive shaft 38 of extending about, be equipped with on the drive shaft 38 with the incomplete gear 37 that vertical spur gear board 34 meshing is connected, it is located to be equipped with in the inner wall of edulcoration chamber 11 right-hand member the reversing shaft 36 that extends about the drive shaft 38 lower extreme just, rotate on the reversing shaft 36 cooperate connect with the reversing gear 35 that incomplete gear 37 meshing is connected, reversing gear 35 with meshing is connected between the vertical spur gear board 34.

Beneficially, the hydraulic drive assembly comprises a fixed point shaft 23 which is connected with the sliding support rod 21, the longitudinal straight tooth plate 34 and the driven hanging rod 67 in a mutually close side end face rotating fit mode and extends from left to right, a drive coupling 59 is arranged at the position, close to the symmetrical center, of the fixed point shaft 23, and an impeller 22 which is located at the position, far away from the symmetrical center, of the drive coupling 59 is arranged on the fixed point shaft 23.

Advantageously, the garbage collection device comprises a garbage can 29, the end surface of the top end of the garbage can 29 is fixedly connected with an actuating rod 30, the end surface of the lower end of the garbage can 29 is fixedly connected with auxiliary supporting feet 31 which are bilaterally symmetrical, the auxiliary supporting feet 31 are connected with the synchronizing plate 24 in an abutting mode, a storage cavity 26 with a forward opening is arranged in the garbage can 29, a water blocking plate 25 which is bilaterally symmetrical is fixedly connected in the storage cavity 26, a threaded rod 27 which extends leftwards and rightwards and penetrates through the garbage can 29 is connected on the water blocking plate 25 in a rotating fit mode, a baffle door 28 which is positioned at the end, close to the symmetrical center, of the water blocking plate 25 is connected on the threaded rod 27 in a threaded fit mode, a four-bar ratchet 57 which is positioned at the end, far from the symmetrical center, of the water blocking plate 25 is arranged on the threaded rod 27, a torque spring 56 is pressed and connected on the side, close to the water blocking plate 25, and a driven coupling 60 which is positioned at the outer side of the garbage can 29 is connected on the threaded rod 27 in a rotating fit mode, the driven coupling 60 is connected with the driving coupling 59 in an abutting mode, and a spline 58 for abutting connection with the driven coupling 60 is arranged on the threaded rod 27.

Advantageously, the switch assembly comprises a bracket 20 which is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper end of the dustbin 29 and is symmetrical in front and back, a cross beam 52 is fixedly connected between the garbage cans 29, a clamping pawl 55 positioned at the lower end of the cross beam 52 is connected on the garbage can 29 in a sliding fit manner, a return spring 53 is pressed and connected between the adjacent sides of the blocking pawl 55 and the cross beam 52, the clamping pawl 55 is internally provided with a butt joint hole 54 which is communicated with the left and the right, the left and the right inner walls of the storage cavity 26 are connected with symmetrical butt joint rods 61 in a sliding fit manner, the far symmetrical center end of the abutting rod 61 is connected with the driven coupling 60 in a sliding fit manner, the end of the abutting rod 61 near the symmetrical center is connected with a roller 63 in a rotating fit manner, the roller 63 is abutted with the position clamping pawl 55, the roller 63 and the inner wall of the storage cavity 26 are close to each other and are connected with a compression spring 62 in a laterally pressing mode.

Beneficially, the lifting assembly comprises a threaded shaft 43 which is connected with the inner wall of the top end of the impurity removing cavity 11 in a rotating fit manner and extends up and down, the upper end of the threaded shaft 43 is in power connection with a lifting motor 40 embedded in the inner wall of the top end of the impurity removing cavity 11, a lifting frame 44 is connected on the threaded shaft 43 in a threaded fit manner, the lower end of the lifting frame 44 is in rotating fit connection with a suspension shaft 45 extending up and down, the lower end of the suspension shaft 45 is fixedly connected with an unlocking device, a belt pulley 41 which is located at the upper end of the lifting frame 44 is arranged on the threaded shaft 43, and the belt pulleys 41 are in power connection through a belt 42.

Beneficially, the unlocking device includes a switch cover 46 fixedly connected to the lower end of the suspension shaft 45, a groove 64 with a downward opening is arranged in the switch cover 46, a slide rail 47 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top end of the groove 64, a stopping block 49 is connected to the slide rail 47 in a sliding fit manner, the stopping block 49 and the switch cover 46 are mutually and closely and respectively connected with a tension spring 48 in a pressing manner, a switching block 12 located at the lower end of the slide rail 47 is fixedly connected in the groove 64, a switching cavity 14 is arranged in the switching block 12, a stress rod 68 extending up and down and penetrating through the switching block 12 is connected in the switching cavity 14 in a sliding fit manner, the upper end of the stress rod 68 is fixedly connected with the stopping block 49, a driving push block 32 located in the switching cavity 14 is arranged on the stress rod 68, and left and right symmetrical transverse straight tooth plates 15 are connected to the left and right inner walls of the switching cavity 14 in a sliding fit manner, horizontal spur-gear 15 be close to the symmetry center end be equipped with the driven ejector pad 13 that drive ejector pad 32 offseted is connected, driven ejector pad 13 with switch 14 inner walls of chamber and be close to near side roof pressure each other and be connected with the recovery spring, the last normal running fit of switch cover 46 is connected with the transmission shaft 16 of extending and bilateral symmetry around, be equipped with on the transmission shaft 16 with the transmission gear runner 17 that horizontal spur-gear 15 meshing is connected, be equipped with on the transmission shaft 16 and be located the hook lever 18 of transmission gear runner 17 upper end.

When the underwater garbage cleaning device for the hydroelectric power station is in an initial state, the lifting motor 40 and the driving motor 39 are closed, the garbage collecting device at the front end is positioned below the water surface, the driving coupling 59 is connected with the driven coupling 60 in an abutting mode, and all parts are in a non-working state.

When the underwater garbage cleaning device for the hydroelectric power station works, components below the water surface are impacted by water flow to rotate the impeller 22, the impeller 22 drives the driving coupling 59 to rotate through the fixed point shaft 23, the driving coupling 59 is connected with the driven coupling 60 in an abutting mode, the four-bar ratchet 57 is rotated through the threaded rod 27 to enable the torque spring 56 to accumulate power potential energy, meanwhile, the threaded rod 27 pushes the stop door 28 to move oppositely through threaded fit connection, the opening of the storage cavity 26 is closed, garbage is prevented from being scattered during ascending, the driving motor 39 is started to enable the driving shaft 38 to rotate the incomplete gear 37, when the incomplete gear 37 is connected with the reversing gear 35 in a meshing mode through the toothed section, the incomplete gear is disconnected with the longitudinal straight-tooth plate 34 in a meshing mode, and the longitudinal straight-tooth plate 34 moves upwards through the meshing connection of the reversing gear 35 and the longitudinal straight-tooth plate 34 Rotating incomplete gear 37 has a tooth section disconnection the meshing connection of reversing gear 35, self with incomplete gear 37 meshing connection will vertical spur gear 34 moves down to guarantee that there is rubbish collection device to guarantee always to be located and to guarantee that rubbish can not get into the generator wheel set in the water channel way, the rubbish collection device of the end that rises, again driven shaft coupling 60 with spline 58 disconnection back, because torque spring 56's elastic recovery makes threaded rod 27 reversal messenger shutter 28 opposite movement opens the opening of storage chamber 26, simultaneously, atress pole 68 with actuating lever 30 looks butt connection upward movement, drive pushing block 32 move up through with driven pushing block 13's butt connection promotes horizontal spur gear 15 is to keeping away from the center of symmetry end and is removed, horizontal spur gear 15 rotates through meshing connection transmission gear runner 17, the transmission gear wheel 17 rotates through the transmission shaft 16, the hook rod 18 penetrates through the butt joint hole 54 and pulls the clamping pawl 55 to move upwards, the clamping pawl 55 moves upwards to release the butt joint with the roller 63, the roller 63 is pushed towards the symmetrical center end by the elastic recovery of the compression spring 62, the roller 63 pushes the driven coupling 60 to slide towards the symmetrical center end by using the butt joint rod 61, so that the driven coupling 60 is disconnected from the driving coupling 59, the lifting motor 40 is started to enable the threaded shaft 43 to rotate to drive the belt pulley 41, the belt pulley 41 drives the threaded shafts 43 at the front end and the rear end to synchronously rotate through the belt 42, and the threaded shafts 43 enable the lifting frame 44 to move upwards through the threaded fit connection.

In the above manner, a person skilled in the art can make various changes depending on the operation mode within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aquatic garbage cleaning device for a hydroelectric power station comprises a water tank seat, wherein an impurity removing cavity which is through from front to back and has a downward opening is arranged in the water tank seat, a sluice gate switching assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the right side of the impurity removing cavity, a rotary rod which extends from front to back is arranged in the sluice gate switching assembly, the front end and the rear end of the rotary rod are respectively hinged with a longitudinal straight-tooth plate and a driven hanging rod which extend from top to bottom, the inner wall of the right side of the impurity removing cavity is provided with slideways which are symmetrical from front to back, the slideways are connected with a sliding rod in a sliding fit manner, the sliding rod is fixedly connected with a synchronous plate between the longitudinal straight-tooth plate and the driven hanging rod respectively, the sliding rod and the longitudinal straight-tooth plate and the driven hanging rod are mutually connected with hydraulic driving assemblies which are symmetrical from left to right in a rotating fit manner by the near sides, a garbage collecting device is arranged in the impurity removing cavity and is controlled by the hydraulic driving assemblies, the garbage collection device comprises a garbage collection device, a hydraulic drive assembly, an impurity removal cavity, an unlocking device, a lifting motor, a lifting assembly and a hydraulic motor, wherein the garbage collection device is provided with bilaterally symmetrical switch assemblies at the upper end and controls the joint of the hydraulic drive assembly and the garbage collection device, the lifting assemblies are arranged symmetrically in front and back on the inner side of the top of the impurity removal cavity, the unlocking device is connected to the lower end in the lifting assemblies in a rotating fit mode and controls the switch assemblies, the lifting motor is embedded in the inner wall of the top of the impurity removal cavity, the tail end of the lower end of the lifting motor is in power connection with the lifting assembly at the front end, and after the unlocking device is used, the lifting motor can be automatically started to drive the lifting assemblies to lift the garbage collection device to the upper end of the water surface for transportation and treatment; the gate switching assembly comprises a rotating shaft which is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the right end of the impurity removing cavity and extends leftwards and rightwards, a rotating rod which extends forwards and backwards is connected onto the rotating shaft in a rotating fit manner, a through groove which is communicated leftwards and rightwards and is connected with the rotating shaft in a sliding fit manner is arranged on the rotating shaft, a hanging limiting groove is fixedly connected onto the inner wall of the top end of the impurity removing cavity, a driven hanging rod is connected onto the hanging limiting groove in a sliding fit manner, the driven hanging rod is hinged with the rear end of the rotating rod, the tail end of the lower end of the driven hanging rod is connected with a hydraulic driving assembly in a rotating fit manner, a swing arm is fixedly connected onto the inner wall of the right end of the impurity removing cavity, a vertical straight-tooth plate which extends upwards and downwards is connected onto the swing arm in a sliding fit manner, a hydraulic driving assembly is connected onto the lower end of the vertical straight-tooth plate in a rotating fit manner, a driving motor is embedded into the inner wall of the right end of the impurity removing cavity, and a driving shaft which extends leftwards is connected with the power on the left side, an incomplete gear meshed with the longitudinal straight-tooth plate is arranged on the driving shaft, a reversing shaft which is positioned at the lower end of the driving shaft and extends leftwards and rightwards is arranged on the inner wall of the right end of the impurity removing cavity, the reversing gear meshed with the incomplete gear is connected to the reversing shaft in a rotating matching manner, and the reversing gear is meshed with the longitudinal straight-tooth plate; the hydraulic driving assembly comprises a fixed point shaft which is connected with the sliding support rod, the longitudinal straight tooth plate and the driven hanging rod in a rotating fit mode and extends left and right, the fixed point shaft is provided with a driving coupling near the symmetrical center end, and the fixed point shaft is provided with an impeller which is positioned at the end, far away from the symmetrical center, of the driving coupling; the garbage collection device comprises a garbage can, wherein the end surface of the top end of the garbage can is fixedly connected with a starting rod, the end surface of the lower end of the garbage can is fixedly connected with auxiliary supporting legs which are bilaterally symmetrical, the auxiliary supporting legs are connected with the synchronous plate in a propping manner, a storage cavity with a forward opening is arranged in the garbage can, the storage cavity is fixedly connected with a water blocking plate which is bilaterally symmetrical, the water blocking plate is connected with a threaded rod which extends leftwards and rightwards and penetrates through the garbage can in a rotating fit manner, the threaded rod is connected with a baffle door which is positioned at the end of the water blocking plate close to the symmetrical center in a threaded fit manner, a four-bar ratchet wheel which is positioned at the end of the far symmetrical center of the water blocking plate is arranged on the threaded rod, the side close to the water blocking plate is connected with a torque, the driven coupling is connected with the driving coupling in a propping mode, and a spline for propping and connecting the driven coupling is arranged on the threaded rod; the switch assembly comprises supports which are symmetrical front and back and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper end of the garbage can, a cross beam is fixedly connected between the garbage cans, a clamping pawl positioned at the lower end of the cross beam is connected on the garbage can in a sliding fit manner, the clamping pawl and the cross beam are close to each other and laterally abutted with a reset spring, butt holes which are communicated left and right are formed in the clamping pawl, symmetrical abutting rods are connected on the left and right inner walls of the storage cavity in a sliding fit manner, the far symmetrical center ends of the abutting rods are connected with the driven shaft coupler in a sliding fit manner, the near symmetrical center ends of the abutting rods are rotatably matched and connected with idler wheels, the idler wheels are connected with the clamping pawl in an abutting manner, and the idler wheels and the inner wall of the storage cavity are close to each other and laterally abutted with a compression spring; the lifting assembly comprises a threaded shaft which is connected with the inner wall of the top end of the impurity removing cavity in a rotating fit manner and extends up and down, the upper end of the threaded shaft at the front end is in power connection with a lifting motor embedded in the inner wall of the top end of the impurity removing cavity, the threaded shaft is in threaded fit connection with a lifting frame, the lower end of the lifting frame is in rotating fit connection with a suspension shaft which extends up and down, the lower end of the suspension shaft is fixedly connected with an unlocking device, a belt pulley which is positioned at the upper end of the lifting frame is arranged on the threaded shaft, and the belt pulleys are in power connection through a belt; the unlocking device comprises a switch cover fixedly connected with the lower end of the suspension shaft, a groove with a downward opening is arranged in the switch cover, a slide rail is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the top end of the groove, a stopping block is connected on the slide rail in a sliding fit manner, the stopping block and the switch cover are mutually abutted and connected with a tension spring near the side, a switching block positioned at the lower end of the slide rail is fixedly connected in the groove, a switching cavity is arranged in the switching block, a stress rod which extends up and down and penetrates through the switching block is connected in the switching cavity in a sliding fit manner, the upper end of the stress rod is fixedly connected with the stopping block, a driving push block positioned in the switching cavity is arranged on the stress rod, a transverse straight tooth plate which is bilaterally symmetrical is connected on the left and right inner walls of the switching cavity in a sliding fit manner, a driven push block abutted and connected with the driving push block is arranged at the end, which is close to the symmetrical center, the driven ejector pad with switch intracavity wall is close to near side roof pressure each other and is connected with the recovery spring, the normal running fit is connected with the transmission shaft that extends and bilateral symmetry around being connected with on the switch cover, be equipped with on the transmission shaft with the transmission gear runner that horizontal straight-tooth plate meshing is connected, be equipped with on the transmission shaft and be located the hook lever of transmission gear runner upper end.