CN109893282B - Animal head impact test bench - Google Patents
Animal head impact test bench Download PDFInfo
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- CN109893282B CN109893282B CN201910132408.7A CN201910132408A CN109893282B CN 109893282 B CN109893282 B CN 109893282B CN 201910132408 A CN201910132408 A CN 201910132408A CN 109893282 B CN109893282 B CN 109893282B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of human body injury protection, and relates to an animal head impact experiment table, which comprises: the device comprises a frame, an impact module, a clamp table, a releasing device and a speed acquisition device. The impact module is arranged on two guide rails of the frame, a hammer head of the impact module is contacted with the animal head sample, and a heavy ring is additionally arranged on the hammer head so as to increase the weight of the impact module; a pressure sensor of the impact module acquires mechanical data; the fixture table is arranged on a bottom plate of the frame, and the position of the animal head sample bound on the fixture table can be adjusted on an x axis, a y axis and a pitching angle; the release device uses a rope clamping cam handle to lock a steel rope drawn on the impact module. When the head impact test is carried out by adopting the invention, the flow is simpler, the stability is good, the impact reproduction to the free impact module is good, and the adjustment precision of the impact position is relatively higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of human body injury protection, and relates to an animal head impact test bed.
Background
Head injuries have a high fatality rate, and often occur in situations of traffic accidents, objects falling from high altitudes, falls from high altitudes, and blows. In the process of protecting and researching the head of a human body, data such as injury criterion and mechanical response of head injury are often acquired. Experiments on specific working conditions are an effective data acquisition mode. Certainly, the impact test of the human head cannot be realized, but the use of animal head samples such as pigs and dogs as substitutes is a good mode.
The method is particularly suitable for experiments under the working condition that the pig head bears falling objects which move in a free falling body and impact, most of the current pig head impact experiments adopt a mode of impacting a transverse Hopkinson pressure bar at a transverse fixed speed or impacting a single-guide-rail embedded sample, the method cannot properly reproduce the motion responses such as acceleration, speed and displacement in the process of impacting the head of the piglet, and the position of an impact point is difficult to determine; and the operation is complicated and the cost is high. The invention relates to a frame-supported animal head impact test bed, which is stable and can be operated repeatedly; the head sample clamp in the test bed is simple and convenient to use, and the adjustable precision of the position of the impact point is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the current animal head sample impact experiment mode and device, the invention provides an experiment table which can accurately position an impact area, is simple and convenient to operate and has a stable structure, and the animal head is impacted by a free-falling object, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
an animal head impact test stand comprising: the device comprises a frame, an impact module, a clamp table, a release device and a speed acquisition device;
the frame includes: the device comprises a top plate 1, four extension bars 2, two guide rails 3, four support columns 4, a bottom plate 5 and an expansion sleeve 18;
the bottom plate 5 and the top plate 1 are horizontally arranged; the four support columns 4 are vertically and parallelly arranged and are respectively positioned at the positions, close to the four corners, of the bottom plate 5, and the bottom ends of the four support columns 4 are connected with the bottom plate 5;
the two guide rails 3 are vertically and parallelly arranged and respectively positioned on two sides of the middle position of the bottom plate 5 and inside the four support columns 4, and the upper end and the lower end of each of the two guide rails 3 are respectively contacted with the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 5;
the upper end of support column 4 is the mouth that expands of conical surface fluting for: clamping the extension bar 2;
the extension bar 2 is sleeved in the support column 4; the supporting column 4 and the extension bar 2 are fastened at the expansion opening by using an expansion sleeve 18; the expansion sleeve 18 is in threaded connection with an expansion opening of the support column 4;
the top ends of the four extension bars 2 are sleeved with top plates 1 and are fastened and fixed by extension bar locking nuts 9;
the clamp table is positioned in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate 5;
the impact module is located directly over the fixture table and includes: the device comprises a sensor locking nut 8, two lifting rings 11, two linear bearings 12, a falling plate 14, a pressure sensor 15 and a hammer 17;
the falling plate 14 is horizontally arranged and sleeved on the two guide rails 3 through the two linear bearings 12;
the upper end of the pressure sensor 15 is a fixed end provided with threads, and the lower end of the pressure sensor is a movable end also provided with threads;
the fixed end of the pressure sensor 15 passes through a hole formed in the middle of the falling plate 14 from the lower part of the falling plate 14, and the upper surface of the falling plate 14 is exposed;
the sensor locking nut 8 is screwed into the fixed end of the pressure sensor 15, and the pressure sensor 15 is tightly installed on the falling plate 14;
the moving end of the pressure sensor 15 is in threaded connection with the hammer 17;
the pressure sensor 15 is configured to: collecting mechanical data;
a hanging ring 11 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the falling plate 14, between the two guide rails 3 and on two sides of the sensor locking nut 8 respectively;
the release device includes: the device comprises two pulley blocks I6, a steel rope 7, two hooks 10, a pulley block II 35, a fixed block 36, two springs 37, a sliding block 38, a rope clamping cam handle 39 and an F-shaped frame 40;
the upper surface of the top plate 1 is fixedly provided with two pulley blocks I6, and the lower surface of the top plate is fixedly provided with two hooks 10; the two hooks 10 are respectively positioned on the same straight line with the two hanging rings 11 in the vertical direction; when the animal head impact test is not started, the two hooks 10 are respectively hung on the two hanging rings 11;
the F-shaped frame 40 is in an F shape and is positioned on the upper surface of the bottom plate 5 and one side of the clamp table;
the bottom end of the F-shaped frame 40 is arranged on the bottom plate 5;
the second pulley block 35 is arranged at the upper end of the F-shaped frame 40;
the middle part of the F-shaped frame 40 is provided with an outward extending platform;
a first groove with an outward opening is formed in the end part of the platform extending outwards in the middle of the F-shaped frame (40);
a second groove with an upward opening is formed in the upper surface of the platform extending outwards in the middle of the F-shaped frame (40);
the second groove is communicated with the first groove;
the fixed block 36 and the sliding block 38 are positioned in the second groove and are arranged in parallel relatively to form a gap; rectangular grooves are formed in the outer side faces of the fixing block 36 and the sliding block 38;
two inner side surfaces in the second groove are provided with: a rectangular boss perpendicular to the direction of the gap formed by the fixed block 36 and the slider 38;
the rectangular boss is matched with the rectangular groove of the fixing block 36 (is connected by a sliding chute), and the fixing block 36 slides in the rectangular boss to the top end inside the second groove and a fixed position far away from the first groove;
the rectangular boss is matched with the rectangular groove of the sliding block 38 (is connected with the sliding groove), and the sliding block 38 slides on the rectangular boss;
in the first groove, a rope clamping cam handle 39 is arranged on an F-shaped frame 40 through a pin shaft;
one end of the rope clamping cam handle 39 is a handle and is positioned outside the first groove, the other end of the rope clamping cam handle 39 is a cam structure and is positioned in the first groove, and the handle of the rope clamping cam handle 39 and the cam structure of the rope clamping cam handle 39 are integrated;
the cam structure of the rope clamping cam handle 39 is in line contact with the sliding block 38;
when the handle of the rope clamping cam handle 39 is rotated, the cam structure of the rope clamping cam handle 39 drives the sliding block 38 to slide in the rectangular boss, so that the gap between the fixed block 36 and the sliding block 38 is reduced, and the steel rope 7 is compressed;
the opposite surfaces of the fixed block 36 and the sliding block 38 are respectively provided with a cross boss and a cross groove which are matched with each other;
two springs 37 are diagonally arranged on the opposite surfaces of the fixed block 36 and the sliding block 38, one ends of the two springs 37 are fixedly connected with the fixed block 36, and the other ends of the two springs 37 are fixedly connected with the sliding block 38;
one end of the steel rope 7 penetrates through a hole formed in the sensor locking nut 8 and is fixedly connected with the sensor locking nut 8, and the other end of the steel rope firstly penetrates through the hole formed in the top plate 1 upwards, then sequentially bypasses the two pulley blocks I6, then downwards bypasses the pulley block II 35 and finally penetrates between the sliding block 38 and the fixed block 36;
when the rope clamping cam handle 39 is tightened, the rope clamping cam handle 39 drives the sliding block 38 to clamp the steel rope 7, and the impact module is static and stable above the clamp table;
when the hook 10 is not hung on the hanging ring 11 and the rope clamping cam handle 39 is loosened, the steel rope 7 is separated from the position between the sliding block 38 and the fixed block 36, and the impact module falls down;
the jig stage includes: two longitudinal slide rails 19, a knurled handle 20, a small bevel gear 21, two transverse slide rails 23, two buckle belts 24, a pitch plate 25, a large bevel gear 26, a yaw locking cam 27, a transverse plate 28, a longitudinal plate 30, a pitch hinge 31, a friction plate 32 and a fixed angle cam 33;
the longitudinal slide 19 comprises: the device comprises a longitudinal slide rail upper unit and a longitudinal slide rail lower unit;
the upper unit of the longitudinal slide rail is positioned above the lower unit of the longitudinal slide rail and slides on the lower unit of the longitudinal slide rail;
the lateral slide rail 23 includes: the device comprises a transverse slide rail upper unit and a transverse slide rail lower unit;
the upper transverse sliding rail unit is positioned above the lower transverse sliding rail unit and slides on the lower transverse sliding rail unit;
the two lower units of the longitudinal slide rails are positioned in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate 5, are arranged in parallel and are fixedly connected with the bottom plate 5;
the longitudinal plate 30 is positioned above the upper units of the two longitudinal slide rails, and two sides of the longitudinal plate 30 are respectively fixedly connected with the upper units of the two longitudinal slide rails;
a plurality of longitudinal plate fixing screws 29 are arranged in the middle of the longitudinal plate 30 and parallel to the upper unit of the longitudinal slide rail;
when the longitudinal plate fixing screw 29 is screwed downwards, the bottom end of the longitudinal plate fixing screw 29 is screwed through the longitudinal plate 30 and then passes through the space between the two longitudinal slide rail lower units to be propped against the upper surface of the bottom plate 5, so that the longitudinal slide rail upper unit cannot slide on the longitudinal slide rail lower units;
when the longitudinal plate fixing screw 29 is unscrewed, the longitudinal slide rail upper unit slides on the longitudinal slide rail lower unit;
the two lower units of the transverse slide rails are positioned in the middle of the upper surface of the longitudinal plate 30 and are arranged in parallel, the direction of the lower units of the transverse slide rails is vertical to the direction of the longitudinal slide rails 19, and the lower units of the transverse slide rails are fixedly connected with the longitudinal plate 30;
the transverse plate 28 is positioned above the upper units of the two transverse sliding rails, and two sides of the transverse plate 28 are respectively fixedly connected with the upper units of the two transverse sliding rails;
a plurality of transverse plate fixing screws 22 are arranged at the edge positions of the transverse plates 28;
when the transverse plate fixing screw 22 is screwed downwards, the bottom end of the transverse plate fixing screw 22 is screwed through the transverse plate 28 and then passes through the space between the two transverse slide rail lower units to be propped against the upper surface of the longitudinal plate 30, so that the transverse slide rail upper unit cannot slide on the transverse slide rail lower units;
when the transverse plate fixing screw 22 is unscrewed, the transverse slide rail upper unit slides on the transverse slide rail lower unit;
a hole is arranged in the middle of the transverse plate 28, and a bearing is arranged in the hole;
the large bevel gear 26 is positioned above the transverse plate 28, and the shaft of the large bevel gear 26 is installed in a bearing in a middle hole of the transverse plate 28;
a small bevel gear 21 engaged with the large bevel gear 26 is installed at one side of the transverse plate 28;
the outward extending shaft of the small bevel gear 21 is connected with a knurled handle 20;
the pitching plate 25 is positioned above the large bevel gear 26, and one side of the pitching plate 25 is movably connected with the large bevel gear 26 through a pitching hinge 31;
a friction plate 32 is arranged at one end of the pitching hinge 31, and the friction plates 32 are divided into two groups which are mutually crossed and respectively fixed on the pitching plate 25 and the large bevel gear 26;
the fixed angle cam 33 is mounted on the large bevel gear 26, and includes: a cam and a handle;
one end of each of the two friction plates 32 is in line contact with a cam of the fixed angle cam 33;
when the handle of the fixed angle cam 33 is rotated, the clearance between the two groups of friction plates 32 is adjusted;
when the clearance between the two groups of friction plates 32 is reduced, the two groups of friction plates 32 are locked, and the angle of the pitching plate 25 is fixed;
when the gap between the two sets of friction plates 32 becomes large, the two sets of friction plates 32 are loosened, and the pitch plate 25 is rotated about the axis of the pitch hinge 31 to adjust the angle of the pitch plate 25;
the yaw locking cam 27 is positioned on one side of the large bevel gear 26 and opposite to the small bevel gear 21;
the yaw lock cam 27 includes: a cam and a handle;
the outer side bevel gear surface of the large bevel gear 26 is close to the cam of the fixed angle cam 33;
when turning the handle of the yaw lock cam 27, the cam of the fixed angle cam 33 is used to: the large bevel gear 26 is clamped to prevent the large bevel gear 26 from rotating;
the two buckle belts 24 are positioned above the pitching plate 25 and fixedly connected with the pitching plate 25;
the speed acquisition device is used for: the falling speed of the impact module is collected.
On the basis of the above technical scheme, the speed acquisition device includes: a grating sheet 34 and an optoelectronic switch 13; a grating sheet 34 is attached to the back surface of the F-shaped frame 40; an opto-electric switch 13 is mounted on the edge of the drop plate 14 on the side opposite the F-shaped shelf 40.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the guide rail 3 is divided into a plurality of sections, and the sections are connected in a threaded mode.
On the basis of the technical scheme, a plurality of counterweight rings 16 are arranged between the upper end of the hammer 17 and the pressure sensor 15; the counterweight ring 16 is fixedly connected with the hammer head 17.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the bottom ends of the four supporting columns 4 are in threaded connection with the bottom plate 5; the upper end and the lower end of each of the two guide rails 3 are respectively provided with a shaft shoulder and are respectively in clearance fit with three grooves arranged on the bottom plate 5 and the top plate 1;
the counterweight ring 16 is fixedly connected with the hammer 17 through a screw; the lifting ring 11 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the falling plate 14 through threaded connection; the hook 10 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the top plate 1 through threaded connection; the bottom end of the F-shaped frame 40 is arranged on the bottom plate 5 through a screw; the second pulley block 35 is installed at the upper end of the F-shaped frame 40 through a screw;
the two lower longitudinal slide rail units are fixedly connected with the bottom plate 5 through screws; the longitudinal plate 30 is fixedly connected with the upper units of the two longitudinal slide rails through screws;
the two lower units of the transverse slide rails are fixedly connected with the longitudinal plate 30 through screws; the transverse plate 28 is fixedly connected with the two transverse slide rail upper units through screws;
the two buckle belts 24 are fixedly connected with the pitching plate 25 through screws.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the second pulley block 35 comprises two pulleys, the steel rope 7 downwards firstly passes under the first pulley of the second pulley block 35 and then passes out from the upper part of the second pulley block 35.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the outward extending shaft of the bevel pinion 21 is connected with the knurled handle 20 through welding.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the plurality of longitudinal plate fixing screws 29 are uniformly distributed.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the two guide rails 3 are smooth guide rails.
On the basis of the above technical solution, the two springs 37 are compression springs.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
when the head impact test is carried out by adopting the invention, the flow is simpler, the stability is good, the impact reproduction to the free impact module is good, and the adjustment precision of the impact position is relatively higher.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an animal head impact experiment table of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an impact module and a partial release device of an animal head impact experiment table according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a clamp table of an animal head impact experiment table according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of the animal head impact table fixture table of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of a releasing device of an animal head impact experiment table and a speed collecting device of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the fixed block 36 and the slide block 38 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the connection relationship of the fixed block 36, the sliding block 38 and the sliding groove of the F-shaped frame 40;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the inner boss of the F-shaped frame 40 and the fixing block 36.
Reference numerals:
1. top plate, 2, extension bar, 3, guide rail, 4, support column, 5, bottom plate, 6, pulley block I, 7, steel rope, 8, sensor lock nut, 9, extension bar lock nut, 10, hook, 11, suspension ring, 12, linear bearing, 13, photoelectric switch, 14, drop plate, 15, pressure sensor, 16, balance weight ring, 17, hammer head, 18, expansion sleeve, 19, longitudinal slide rail, 20, knurled handle, 21, small bevel gear, 22, transverse plate fixing screw, 23, transverse slide rail, 24, buckle belt, 25, pitch plate, 26, large bevel gear, 27, yaw lock cam, 28, transverse plate, 29, longitudinal plate fixing screw, 30, longitudinal plate, 31, pitch hinge, 32, friction plate, 33, fixed angle cam, 34, grating sheet, 35, pulley block II, 36, fixed block, 37, spring, 38, slide block, 39, rope clamping cam handle, 40. f-shaped frame
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below with reference to the following examples and drawings.
An animal head impact test stand comprising: the device comprises a frame, an impact module, a clamp table, a releasing device and a speed acquisition device.
As shown in fig. 1, the frame is a moving part supporting member. The frame base body is a bottom plate 5; four support columns 4 are connected to the bottom plate 5 in a threaded manner; the upper end of the support column 4 is provided with a conical surface slotting expansion opening which is used for clamping the extension rod 2; the extension bar 2 is sleeved in the support column 4; the supporting column 4 and the extension bar 2 are fastened at the expansion opening of the supporting column 4 by using an expansion sleeve 18; the expansion sleeve 18 is connected with the expansion opening of the support column 4 by screw threads; the upper ends of the four extension bars 2 are sleeved with stabilizing plates and are fastened and fixed by extension bar locking nuts 8; and the upper end and the lower end of the guide rail 3 are respectively provided with a shaft shoulder and are respectively in clearance fit with three grooves arranged on the bottom plate 5 and the top plate 1.
When the height of the test bed is to be changed, the four expansion sleeves 18 are unscrewed, the extension bar 2 is moved to the desired height, sections with corresponding lengths are added or removed on the two current guide rails 3, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the sections of the guide rails 3 are provided with threads. The sections of the guide rail 3 are in threaded connection. The top plate 1 is sleeved into the terminal of the guide rail 3, and the expansion sleeve 18 is screwed.
As shown in fig. 2, the impact module base member is a drop plate 14; the falling plate 14 is connected with the guide rail 3 by a linear bearing 12; the linear bearings 12 are arranged on two sides of the falling plate 14; a pressure sensor 15 is fixedly arranged on the falling plate 14 through a sensor locking nut 8, and the fixed end of the pressure sensor 15 is inserted into the falling plate 14 through threads; the moving end of the pressure sensor 15 is in threaded connection with a hammer head 17; a plurality of counterweight rings 16 can be sleeved between the upper end of the hammer head 17 and the pressure sensor 15, and the counterweight rings 16 are connected to the hammer head 17 by using screws.
The sensor locking nut 8 is punched and connected with a steel rope 7 in a penetrating manner; two pulley blocks I6 are fixed on the upper side of the top plate 1 through screws; the steel rope 7 penetrates through a middle hole of the top plate 1 and is lapped on the pulley block I6; two lifting rings 11 are arranged above two sides of the falling plate 14 and are matched with hooks 10 arranged at corresponding positions on the lower side of the top plate 1; the hook 10 and the hanging ring 11 are respectively installed on the falling plate 14 and the top plate 1 in a threaded mode.
As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the body of the release device is an F-shaped frame 40, which is mounted on the bottom plate 5 by screws; a pulley block II 35 is mounted at the upper end of the F-shaped frame 40 through a screw;
as shown in fig. 6-9, a fixed block 36 and a sliding block 38 are installed in the middle of the F-shaped frame 40, and both the fixed block and the sliding block are connected with the F-shaped frame 40 through sliding grooves (i.e., a boss is matched with a groove to form a sliding groove connection); two springs 37 are arranged between the fixed block 36 and the sliding block 38; a rope clamping cam handle 39 is arranged on the outer side of the sliding block 38, is arranged on the outer side of the F-shaped frame 40 and is in line contact with the sliding block 38;
as shown in fig. 2 and 6, the steel cable 7 passes through the second pulley block 35 from bottom to top and penetrates between the sliding block 38 and the fixed block 36, the cable clamping cam handle 39 is rotated, and the steel cable 7 is pressed onto the fixed block 36 by the sliding block 38.
In the experiment process, the impact module is lifted to the topmost end, the hanging ring 11 is hooked by the hook 10, the steel rope 7 which is clamped in the sensor locking nut 8 penetrates through a center hole of the top plate 1, passes through the upper end of the pulley of the first pulley block 6, then sequentially penetrates through the first pulley and the second pulley of the second pulley block 35 from bottom to top in an S shape (namely, the steel rope 7 firstly passes through the lower part of the first pulley of the second pulley block 35 and then passes out of the upper part of the second pulley block 35), then penetrates through the space between the fixed block 36 and the sliding block 38, and the steel rope 7 is clamped by the rope clamping cam handle 39 through the sliding block. To maintain the impact module in a stable and safe position, in preparation for the experiment. During the experiment, the clamping rope cam handle 39 is loosened, and the impact module is released.
As shown in fig. 3, the longitudinal slide 19 includes: the device comprises a longitudinal slide rail upper unit and a longitudinal slide rail lower unit;
the upper unit of the longitudinal slide rail is positioned above the lower unit of the longitudinal slide rail and slides on the lower unit of the longitudinal slide rail;
the lateral slide rail 23 includes: the device comprises a transverse slide rail upper unit and a transverse slide rail lower unit;
the upper transverse sliding rail unit is positioned above the lower transverse sliding rail unit and slides on the lower transverse sliding rail unit;
the two lower units of the longitudinal slide rails are positioned in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate 5, are arranged in parallel and are fixedly connected with the bottom plate 5;
the longitudinal plate 30 is positioned above the upper units of the two longitudinal slide rails, and two sides of the longitudinal plate 30 are respectively fixedly connected with the upper units of the two longitudinal slide rails;
a plurality of longitudinal plate fixing screws 29 are arranged in the middle of the longitudinal plate 30 and parallel to the upper unit of the longitudinal slide rail;
when the longitudinal plate fixing screw 29 is screwed downwards, the bottom end of the longitudinal plate fixing screw 29 is screwed through the longitudinal plate 30 and then passes through the space between the two longitudinal slide rail lower units to be propped against the upper surface of the bottom plate 5, so that the longitudinal slide rail upper unit cannot slide on the longitudinal slide rail lower units;
when the longitudinal plate fixing screw 29 is unscrewed, the longitudinal slide rail upper unit slides on the longitudinal slide rail lower unit;
the two lower units of the transverse slide rails are positioned in the middle of the upper surface of the longitudinal plate 30 and are arranged in parallel, the direction of the lower units of the transverse slide rails is vertical to the direction of the longitudinal slide rails 19, and the lower units of the transverse slide rails are fixedly connected with the longitudinal plate 30;
the transverse plate 28 is positioned above the upper units of the two transverse sliding rails, and two sides of the transverse plate 28 are respectively fixedly connected with the upper units of the two transverse sliding rails;
a plurality of transverse plate fixing screws 22 are arranged at the edge positions of the transverse plates 28;
when the transverse plate fixing screw 22 is screwed downwards, the bottom end of the transverse plate fixing screw 22 is screwed through the transverse plate 28 and then passes through the space between the two transverse slide rail lower units to be propped against the upper surface of the longitudinal plate 30, so that the transverse slide rail upper unit cannot slide on the transverse slide rail lower units;
when the transverse plate fixing screw 22 is unscrewed, the transverse slide rail upper unit slides on the transverse slide rail lower unit;
as shown in fig. 3-5, the transverse plate 28 is connected with a large bevel gear 26 through a bearing, and a small bevel gear 21 meshed with the large bevel gear 26 is arranged on one side of the large bevel gear 26; a knurled handle 20 is welded on the side of the outer extending shaft of the small bevel gear 21; a yaw locking cam 27 is arranged on the other side of the large bevel gear 26; a pitch plate 25 is attached to the upper surface of the large bevel gear 26 using a pitch hinge 31; one side of the shaft of the pitching hinge 31 is provided with a set of friction plates 32; the friction plates 32 are divided into two groups which are mutually crossed and are respectively fixed on the pitching plate 25 and the large bevel gear 26; the fixed angle cam 33 is mounted on the large bevel gear 26, and includes: a cam and a handle;
one end of each of the two friction plates 32 is in line contact with a cam of the fixed angle cam 33;
when the handle of the fixed angle cam 33 is rotated, the clearance between the two groups of friction plates 32 is adjusted;
when the clearance between the two groups of friction plates 32 is reduced, the two groups of friction plates 32 are locked, and the angle of the pitching plate 25 is fixed;
when the gap between the two sets of friction plates 32 becomes large, the two sets of friction plates 32 are loosened, and the pitch plate 25 is rotated about the axis of the pitch hinge 31 to adjust the angle of the pitch plate 25;
two buckle belts 24 are fixed on the upper portion of the pitching plate 25 through screws.
The way of fixing the animal head sample is as follows: the head is tightened with a snap-in band 24. If the head is naturally placed, the normal direction of the surface of the impact area of the head is not vertical upwards, the pitching plate 25 needs to be turned over to adjust the angle of the pitching plate 25, the knurled handle 20 is rotated to adjust the yaw angle of the large bevel gear 26, the large bevel gear slides on the lower unit of the longitudinal slide rail through the upper unit of the longitudinal slide rail and slides on the lower unit of the transverse slide rail through the upper unit of the transverse slide rail, the x-direction position and the y-direction position are respectively adjusted, after the center of the impact area is determined to be over against the hammer head 17, the yaw locking cam 27 is locked, and the rotation of the large bevel gear 26 is stopped; screwing the transverse plate fixing screw 22 and the longitudinal plate fixing screw 29 to stop the sliding of the upper longitudinal slide rail unit on the lower longitudinal slide rail unit and the sliding of the upper transverse slide rail unit on the lower transverse slide rail unit; if the normal direction of the surface of the impact area of the sample (animal head sample) is vertical upwards when the sample is naturally placed, the pitching plate 25 does not need to be turned over, and the sample can be buckled flatly.
As shown in fig. 2 and 6, a grating sheet 34 is attached to the back of the F-shaped frame 40; an opto-electronic switch 13 is mounted on the edge of the drop plate 14 on the side opposite the F-shaped shelf 40 for acquiring the speed of impact on the module at the moment of contact with the sample.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or flow transformations made by the present specification and drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to other related arts, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (1)
1. An animal head impact test stand, comprising: the device comprises a frame, an impact module, a clamp table, a release device and a speed acquisition device;
the frame includes: the device comprises a top plate (1), four extension bars (2), two guide rails (3), four support columns (4), a bottom plate (5) and an expansion sleeve (18);
the bottom plate (5) and the top plate (1) are horizontally arranged; the four supporting columns (4) are vertically and parallelly arranged and are respectively positioned at the positions, close to four corners, of the bottom plate (5), and the bottom ends of the four supporting columns (4) are connected with the bottom plate (5);
the two guide rails (3) are vertically and parallelly arranged and are respectively positioned on two sides of the middle position of the bottom plate (5) and inside the four support columns (4), and the upper end and the lower end of each of the two guide rails (3) are respectively contacted with the top plate (1) and the bottom plate (5);
the upper end of support column (4) is the mouth that expands of conical surface fluting for: clamping the extension bar (2);
the extension bar (2) is sleeved in the support column (4); the supporting column (4) and the extension bar (2) are fastened at the expansion opening by using an expansion sleeve (18); the expansion sleeve (18) is in threaded connection with an expansion opening of the support column (4);
the top plates (1) are sleeved at the upper ends of the four extension bars (2) and are fastened and fixed by extension bar locking nuts (9);
the clamp table is positioned in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate (5);
the impact module is located directly over the fixture table and includes: the device comprises a sensor locking nut (8), two lifting rings (11), two linear bearings (12), a falling plate (14), a pressure sensor (15) and a hammer head (17);
the falling plate (14) is horizontally arranged and sleeved on the two guide rails (3) through two linear bearings (12);
the upper end of the pressure sensor (15) is a fixed end and is provided with threads, and the lower end of the pressure sensor is a movable end and is also provided with threads;
the fixed end of the pressure sensor (15) penetrates through a hole formed in the middle of the falling plate (14) from the lower side of the falling plate (14) to expose the upper surface of the falling plate (14);
the sensor locking nut (8) is screwed into the fixed end of the pressure sensor (15), and the pressure sensor (15) is tightly installed on the falling plate (14);
the moving end of the pressure sensor (15) is in threaded connection with the hammer head (17);
the pressure sensor (15) is configured to: collecting mechanical data;
a hanging ring (11) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the falling plate (14), between the two guide rails (3) and on each of two sides of the sensor locking nut (8);
the release device includes: the device comprises two pulley block I (6), a steel rope (7), two hooks (10), a pulley block II (35), a fixed block (36), two springs (37), a sliding block (38), a rope clamping cam handle (39) and an F-shaped frame (40);
the upper surface of the top plate (1) is fixedly provided with two pulley block I (6), and the lower surface of the top plate is fixedly provided with two hooks (10); the two hooks (10) are respectively positioned on the same straight line with the two lifting rings (11) in the vertical direction; when the animal head impact test is not started, the two hooks (10) are respectively hung on the two hanging rings (11);
the F-shaped frame (40) is F-shaped and is positioned on the upper surface of the bottom plate (5) and one side of the clamp table;
the bottom end of the F-shaped frame (40) is arranged on the bottom plate (5);
the pulley block II (35) is arranged at the upper end of the F-shaped frame (40);
the middle part of the F-shaped frame (40) is provided with an outward extending platform;
a first groove with an outward opening is formed in the end part of the platform extending outwards in the middle of the F-shaped frame (40);
a second groove with an upward opening is formed in the upper surface of the platform extending outwards in the middle of the F-shaped frame (40);
the first groove is communicated with the second groove;
the fixed block (36) and the sliding block (38) are positioned in the second groove and are arranged in parallel relatively to form a gap; rectangular grooves are respectively formed in the two outer side surfaces of the middle parts of the fixed block (36) and the sliding block (38);
two inner side surfaces in the second groove are provided with: a rectangular boss which is vertical to the gap direction formed by the fixed block (36) and the sliding block (38);
the rectangular boss is matched with the rectangular groove of the fixing block (36), and the fixing block (36) slides in the rectangular boss to the top end of the inner part of the second groove and a fixed position far away from the first groove;
the rectangular boss is matched with the rectangular groove of the sliding block (38), and the sliding block (38) slides on the rectangular boss;
in the first groove, a rope clamping cam handle (39) is mounted on an F-shaped frame (40) through a pin shaft;
one end of the rope clamping cam handle (39) is a handle and is positioned outside the first groove, the other end of the rope clamping cam handle is a cam structure and is positioned in the first groove, and the handle of the rope clamping cam handle (39) and the cam structure of the rope clamping cam handle (39) are integrated;
the cam structure of the rope clamping cam handle (39) is in line contact with the sliding block (38);
when the handle of the rope clamping cam handle (39) is rotated, the cam structure of the rope clamping cam handle (39) drives the sliding block (38) to slide in the rectangular boss, so that the gap between the fixed block (36) and the sliding block (38) is reduced, and the steel rope (7) is compressed;
the opposite surfaces of the fixed block (36) and the sliding block (38) are respectively provided with a cross boss and a cross groove which are matched with each other;
two springs (37) are diagonally arranged on the opposite surfaces of the fixed block (36) and the sliding block (38), one ends of the two springs (37) are fixedly connected with the fixed block (36), and the other ends of the two springs are fixedly connected with the sliding block (38);
one end of the steel rope (7) penetrates through a hole formed in the sensor locking nut (8) and is fixedly connected with the sensor locking nut (8), and the other end of the steel rope firstly penetrates through the hole formed in the top plate (1) upwards, then sequentially bypasses the two pulley blocks I (6), then downwards bypasses the pulley block II (35), and finally penetrates between the sliding block (38) and the fixed block (36);
when the rope clamping cam handle (39) is tightened, the rope clamping cam handle (39) drives the sliding block (38) to clamp the steel rope (7), and the impact module is static and stable above the clamp table;
when the hook (10) is not hung on the hanging ring (11) and the rope clamping cam handle (39) is loosened, the steel rope (7) is separated from the position between the sliding block (38) and the fixed block (36), and the impact module falls down;
the jig stage includes: the device comprises two longitudinal slide rails (19), a knurled handle (20), a small bevel gear (21), two transverse slide rails (23), two buckle belts (24), a pitching plate (25), a large bevel gear (26), a yaw locking cam (27), a transverse plate (28), a longitudinal plate (30), a pitching hinge (31), a friction plate (32) and a fixed angle cam (33);
the longitudinal sliding rail (19) comprises: the device comprises a longitudinal slide rail upper unit and a longitudinal slide rail lower unit;
the upper unit of the longitudinal slide rail is positioned above the lower unit of the longitudinal slide rail and slides on the lower unit of the longitudinal slide rail;
the lateral sliding rail (23) comprises: the device comprises a transverse slide rail upper unit and a transverse slide rail lower unit;
the upper transverse sliding rail unit is positioned above the lower transverse sliding rail unit and slides on the lower transverse sliding rail unit;
the two lower units of the longitudinal slide rail are positioned in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate (5), are arranged in parallel and are fixedly connected with the bottom plate (5);
the longitudinal plate (30) is positioned above the upper units of the two longitudinal slide rails, and two sides of the longitudinal plate (30) are respectively fixedly connected with the upper units of the two longitudinal slide rails;
a plurality of longitudinal plate fixing screws (29) are arranged in the middle of the longitudinal plate (30) and parallel to the upper unit of the longitudinal slide rail;
when the longitudinal plate fixing screw (29) is screwed downwards, the bottom end of the longitudinal plate fixing screw (29) is screwed through the longitudinal plate (30) and then is pushed to the upper surface of the bottom plate (5) through a space between the two longitudinal slide rail lower units, so that the longitudinal slide rail upper unit cannot slide on the longitudinal slide rail lower unit;
when the longitudinal plate fixing screw (29) is unscrewed, the longitudinal slide rail upper unit slides on the longitudinal slide rail lower unit;
the two transverse sliding rail lower units are positioned in the middle of the upper surface of the longitudinal plate (30), are arranged in parallel, are vertical to the longitudinal sliding rail (19), and are fixedly connected with the longitudinal plate (30);
the transverse plate (28) is positioned above the upper units of the two transverse sliding rails, and two sides of the transverse plate (28) are fixedly connected with the upper units of the two transverse sliding rails respectively;
a plurality of transverse plate fixing screws (22) are arranged at the edge positions of the transverse plates (28);
when the transverse plate fixing screw (22) is screwed downwards, the bottom end of the transverse plate fixing screw (22) is screwed through the transverse plate (28) and then is pushed to the upper surface of the longitudinal plate (30) through the space between the two transverse sliding rail lower units, so that the transverse sliding rail upper unit cannot slide on the transverse sliding rail lower unit;
when the transverse plate fixing screw (22) is unscrewed, the transverse sliding rail upper unit slides on the transverse sliding rail lower unit;
a hole is arranged in the middle of the transverse plate (28), and a bearing is arranged in the hole;
the large bevel gear (26) is positioned above the transverse plate (28), and the shaft of the large bevel gear (26) is installed in a bearing in a middle hole of the transverse plate (28);
a small bevel gear (21) meshed with the large bevel gear (26) is arranged on one side of the transverse plate (28);
the outward extending shaft of the small bevel gear (21) is connected with a knurled handle (20);
the pitching plate (25) is positioned above the large bevel gear (26), and one side of the pitching plate (25) is movably connected with the large bevel gear (26) through a pitching hinge (31);
one end of the pitching hinge (31) is provided with a friction plate (32), the friction plates (32) are divided into two groups which are mutually crossed and are respectively fixed on the pitching plate (25) and the large bevel gear (26);
the fixed angle cam (33) is mounted on the large bevel gear (26), and comprises: a cam and a handle;
one end of each friction plate (32) is in line contact with a cam of the fixed-angle cam (33);
when the handle of the fixed angle cam (33) is rotated, the clearance between the two groups of friction plates (32) is adjusted;
when the clearance between the two groups of friction plates (32) is reduced, the two groups of friction plates (32) are locked, and the angle of the pitching plate (25) is fixed;
when the gap between the two groups of friction plates (32) is enlarged, the two groups of friction plates (32) are loosened, and the pitching plate (25) rotates around the shaft of the pitching hinge (31) to adjust the angle of the pitching plate (25);
the yaw locking cam (27) is positioned on one side of the large bevel gear (26) and is opposite to the small bevel gear (21);
the yaw lock cam (27) includes: a cam and a handle;
the outer side bevel gear surface of the large bevel gear (26) is close to the cam of the fixed angle cam (33);
when turning the handle of the yaw lock cam (27), the cam of the fixed angle cam (33) is used for: the large bevel gear (26) is clamped to prevent the large bevel gear (26) from rotating;
the two buckle belts (24) are positioned above the pitching plate (25) and fixedly connected with the pitching plate (25);
the speed acquisition device is used for: collecting the falling speed of the impact module;
a plurality of counterweight rings (16) are arranged between the upper end of the hammer head (17) and the pressure sensor (15); the counterweight ring (16) is fixedly connected with the hammer head (17);
the bottom ends of the four supporting columns (4) are in threaded connection with the bottom plate (5); the upper end and the lower end of each of the two guide rails (3) are respectively provided with a shaft shoulder, and are respectively in clearance fit with three grooves formed in the bottom plate (5) and the top plate (1);
the counterweight ring (16) is fixedly connected with the hammer head (17) through a screw; the lifting ring (11) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the falling plate (14) through threaded connection; the hook (10) is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the top plate (1) through threaded connection; the bottom end of the F-shaped frame (40) is installed on the bottom plate (5) through a screw; the second pulley block (35) is mounted at the upper end of the F-shaped frame (40) through a screw;
the two lower longitudinal slide rail units are fixedly connected with a bottom plate (5) through screws; the longitudinal plate (30) is fixedly connected with the upper units of the two longitudinal slide rails through screws;
the two lower units of the transverse sliding rails are fixedly connected with the longitudinal plate (30) through screws; the transverse plate (28) is fixedly connected with the upper units of the two transverse sliding rails through screws;
the two buckle belts (24) are fixedly connected with the pitching plate (25) through screws;
the speed acquisition device includes: a grating sheet (34) and a photoelectric switch (13); a grating sheet (34) is attached to the back surface of the F-shaped frame (40); a photoelectric switch (13) is arranged on the edge of the falling plate (14) at the side opposite to the F-shaped frame (40);
the guide rail (3) is divided into a plurality of sections, and the sections are connected in a threaded manner;
the second pulley block (35) comprises two pulleys, the steel rope (7) is downward, firstly passes through the lower part of the first pulley of the second pulley block (35), and then passes through the upper part of the second pulley block (35);
the outward extending shaft of the small bevel gear (21) is connected with the knurled handle (20) through welding;
the plurality of longitudinal plate fixing screws (29) are uniformly distributed;
the two guide rails (3) are smooth guide rails;
the two springs (37) are compression springs.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910132408.7A CN109893282B (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | Animal head impact test bench |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910132408.7A CN109893282B (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | Animal head impact test bench |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109893282A CN109893282A (en) | 2019-06-18 |
| CN109893282B true CN109893282B (en) | 2020-09-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910132408.7A Active CN109893282B (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | Animal head impact test bench |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113662700A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-19 | 赵玉军 | Animal brain injury's percussion device |
| CN114323529A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-12 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Head damage testing device and method for unmanned aerial vehicle falling collision personnel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201263721Y (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2009-07-01 | 北京航空航天大学 | Device for causing injury of experimental animal |
| CN202270085U (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-06-13 | 中国康复研究中心 | Animal bone beating device for experiment |
| CN103196647B (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2015-02-25 | 湖南大学 | Human head impacting test device |
| CN204128770U (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-28 | 合肥工业大学 | Vertical drop formula impact experiment test platform |
| CN105842088B (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2018-12-04 | 膳魔师（江苏）家庭制品有限公司 | A kind of vertical impact testing machine |
| CN208243656U (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2018-12-18 | 马步君 | A kind of Special surgical positioning frame for veterinarians |
| CN108514460B (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2024-03-26 | 华南师范大学 | Animal experiment fixing device |
| CN108578006B (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2020-05-12 | 燕山大学 | Carp brain stereo positioning auxiliary device and positioning method |
| CN208333800U (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2019-01-04 | 安徽赞瑞实业有限公司 | A kind of lifting device on helmet penetration resistance energy testboard |
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