CN109890519A

CN109890519A - Method and apparatus for being especially dusted by ionization to discrete material

Info

Publication number: CN109890519A
Application number: CN201780063129.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 克劳斯·威廉
Original assignee: Helios Plastic Technology Equipment Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Helios Plastic Technology Equipment Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-10-18
Filing date: 2017-10-10
Publication date: 2019-06-14
Also published as: EP3528970A1; EP3528970B1; DE102016119827B4; KR102351295B1; DE102016119827A1; WO2018073053A1; KR20190065292A

Abstract

To remove the dust (11) being especially adhered on the pellet crystal grain (4) in the pellet (4), the pellet crystal grain (4) in the accumulation of the pellet on pellet intermediate receptacle (9) bottom is moved up by the air-flow (32) of preferred laminar flow --- preferably to avoid the pellet crystal grain (4) that friction occurs each other and to be thus formed simultaneously new dust (11) --- until pellet crystal grain (4) gravity is relatively fallen after rise to pellet accumulation (4) in the external laterally falls downward of the air-flow (32) and again again.Meanwhile applying negative pressure above the air-flow (32), to be drawn up the dust separated with the pellet crystal grain (4).The two can be realized jointly and applying especially controlled negative pressure on the exhaust outlet (18) for the air for loading dust.The air of the air-flow (32) is ionized when the air-flow reaches the pellet accumulation (4) or before this for the separation for promoting the dust (11) and the pellet crystal grain (4).

Description

Method and apparatus for being especially dusted by ionization to discrete material

I. technical field

The present invention relates to especially the dust in discrete material is removed by ionization, wherein the dust is especially usually borrowed Electrostatic charging is helped to be adhered on the pellet crystal grain.

II. background technique

In pharmacy and food technology, especially in plastics technology, it usually needs be discrete material to form --- such as Pellet, to grind materials, corase meal etc. --- raw material operated.For the purpose of the application, with simplified concept " pellet " To indicate all discrete materials.

The conveying of these discrete materials is especially realized by diluted phase transport, exactly usually by pneumatic conveying defeated During sending, pellet is sent to by desired position by feed-line by air and mostly in a manner of suspending together in air It sets.

It is processed for further progress, such as is used for injection molding machine as raw material, pellet should be as clean as possible and especially cannot With dirt shape impurity.These dirt shape impurity not only may be by the foreign material that is accidentally attached on pellet in manufacture or transmission process It constitutes, and may be the dirt shape particle by being constituted with the identical material of this pellet itself, and it is to have that this point is equally possible Harmful, specifically depending on subsequent purposes.

Dust or dirt shape impurity in this specification should preferably have a certain granularity, and diameter is up to the straight of pellet crystal grain The 1/10 of diameter, more preferably up to 1/30, more preferably up to 1/100, more preferably up to 1/1000.

Therefore, general objectives is, separates this kind of pellet with dust component therein using preceding.

This point is realized using different technologies, separation conveying air is sieved to from simple mistake and pellet and filtering is defeated Air is sent, until carrying out fraction separation by whirlwind.

Wherein one of problem is dust granule and pellet particle is firmly with each other is adhered to each other, and dust Grain can be also adhered on device feature (such as feed-line or pellet container).

This secure adhesion is usually as caused by electrostatic charging, so that in general, only in these binding forces, especially When it is that so-called Lorentz force is eliminated, dust could be removed by mechanical measure.

Way in existing scheme in principle is as follows: respectively to these with different charges and the part that attracts one another, herein That is dust granule and pellet particle, discharge, and concrete mode is for example for this fraction to be grounded.

But in practice, there are a large amount of nano sized particles, such as in these cases, this point almost can not be real It is existing.

II. summary of the invention

A) goal of the invention

In view of this, it is an object of the present invention to proposing for eliminating the binding force between dust granule and pellet particle A kind of method and a kind of device, the method and described device works together relatively simple and cost is relatively low.

B) solution

The present invention is feature described in claim 1 and 17 to reach the solution of above-mentioned purpose.It is advantageous to implement Mode is referring to dependent claims.

For the method, implementation is to generate known air-flow from bottom to top, arrives strongly and is enough to make Pellet crystal grain --- in general these pellet crystal grain are in the pellet accumulation of bottom --- is moved upwards by the air-flow And thus separate these pellets.

Especially in the case where the flow velocity of air-flow reduces with height --- such case is, for example, in the transversal of air-flow When increasing upwardly --- the active force for acting on these pellet crystal grain upwards reduces, until gravity is dominant, these pellets are brilliant Grain terminates it in the reverse region for appearing in certain height and rises simultaneously --- in general outside the cross section of air-flow --- It drops to and is gathered into pellet again.

From pellet accumulation, these pellet crystal grain can be again introduced into the air-flow when air-flow further continues, This circuit can repeatedly be carried out, this depend on by air-flow keep how long.

It is well known that the respective negative inside or above region can be reversed to press to by being particularly in by the separation The dust granule in upper suction pellet --- even if these dust granules still easily adhere to these pellets crystalline substance in the case On grain.

(ionization)

This point available strong support in the case where air-flow is made of ionized air, the reason is that, in this feelings Ion under condition in air-flow can eliminate the adherency of electrostatic and dust granule on pellet crystal grain.

It is of course also possible to which another gas to be used for the gas stream of referred to here as " air-flow ", due to this title, this point is It cannot be excluded.For this purpose, for cost reasons, using air, it is preferable to use it is preferred that the surrounding air filtered before ionization.

--- especially air-flow is accordingly guided and shaped --- according to the present invention and is focused on, in ascending motion In, these pellet crystal grain are rubbing against one another as few as possible, but move in parallel with each other, because this phase mutual friction is by chance because of grain Expect the abrasion of crystal grain and generates the additional dust that should be avoided by or remove in pellet.

This point can be implemented, and concrete mode is, the air-flow is the fluid of laminar flow as far as possible, but its cross section is excellent Choosing especially extends up in the process, this can be realized by delimiting the corresponding design of component.

In addition, when pellet crystal grain moves upwards, it is also necessary to these pellet crystal grain be avoided to hit fixed barrier, reason It is also to will appear abrasion and new dust in the case.When the barrier of this fixation is located at pellet accumulation top, especially It is the ascending motion for controlling pellet crystal grain in some way by the flow velocity of air-flow, so that region is reversed to be located at this fixation It below barrier, reverses in region at this, most of end its ascending motion in these pellet crystal grain.

Upward air-flow can be generated together and in lower area by being applied to the negative pressure above air-flow to be generated The dominant negative pressure for suctioning dirt.

Wherein, the so strong updraft of selection, so that pellet crystal grain most (actually all pellet crystal grain) is in institute It states in the cross section of air-flow and is delivered up specific range from its initial position, i.e., reverse region until entering, but It is preferred that will not further be conveyed.

For these pellet crystal grain especially no more than preset reverse threshold value, the reverse threshold value, which for example can be, reverses area The upper end in domain can be located at this upper end.

This point swept across since then by air-flow from pellet crystal grain, preferably up to 3% pellet crystal grain, more preferably at most 2% pellet crystal grain, more preferably absolutely not pellet crystal grain is fallen downwards in the cross section of the air-flow.

(being illustrated by container)

In general, in pellet intermediate receptacle and being preferably dusted in bulk to pellet, wherein in the pellet The pellet discharge port that can be opened and closed is equipped in the bottom of intermediate receptacle.

Filling:

When pellet discharge port is closed, this batch of pellet to dedusting is admitted to the pellet intermediate receptacle and consequently as grain Material accumulation sticks on the bottom of the pellet intermediate receptacle, and the pellet discharge port is additionally provided in this bottom, is being filled out Element is closed when filling, such as the closing of closing flip lid, it is however generally that, pellet is equally existed on this closing flip lid.

In the upper area of the pellet intermediate receptacle, it is equipped with and uses especially in the top side of the pellet intermediate receptacle In the exhaust outlet for the air for loading dust, the exhaust outlet can be screen covered, although this sieve can be passed through by dust, But it cannot be passed through by these pellet crystal grain.

Dedusting:

Apply negative pressure on this exhaust outlet, after applying the negative pressure, especially followed by, overcome the negative pressure of effect The closure elements of the pellet discharge port are opened, gathers and will be in the above manner, air-flow flows through pellet from bottom to up Pellet crystal grain in the cross section of the air-flow is taken away together upwards.

However it is less than the cross section of the pellet discharge port of the cross section of the pellet intermediate receptacle, air-flow by selection It is widened after passing through the pellet discharge port, so that the flow velocity of the air-flow is bowed in flow middle and complementally close Depending on depending on fringe region reduced, from a certain height, the flow velocity is no longer enough compensating action in each pellet crystal grain Gravity.

Therefore, the reverse region is reached in these pellet crystal grain and the air-flow is laterally left by random motion After the core quickly flowed, these pellet crystal grain falls downward again outside the cross section of the air-flow.For this purpose, being regarded overlooking There are in the case where enough ambients, thus being formed in the form of water fountain vertically upward just has on mushroom The pellet fountain for the laterally circular heavy curtain that end and the pellet crystal grain by declining are constituted.

In the case, the pellet crystal grain moved upwards should no longer reach upper air vent as far as possible and optionally set herein The sieve set --- and preferably protrude into the charging of the free internal cross section of pellet intermediate receptacle in this upper area and connect Head, so that the height of relatively so-called fixed obstacle adjusts the intensity of air-flow, i.e. its initial flow rate in some way, so that institute It states and region and/or the reverse threshold value is reversed to be located at below the so-called fixed obstacle.

Especially when the exhaust outlet and the pellet discharge port have different size of cross section, can also with pass through Independently control action is either logical in the negative pressure of the exhaust outlet in some way for the flow velocity of the air-flow of the pellet discharge port Cross different separated pressure generators, or by providing these so-called cross sections with this relationship each other, To realize the desired proportion between the flow velocity in the negative pressure acted in the exhaust outlet and the pellet discharge port.

Cause the air for flowing through the pellet discharge port especially by the method that air is inputted the pellet discharge port It is flowed in a manner of laminar flow as far as possible, especially thus below the pellet discharge port as far as possible in large area and from each side Air needed for the suction of face.

In this each region, i.e., below the pellet discharge port, electricity also preferably is carried out to the air for the air-flow From.

Pellet tail-end vessel is usually disposed with below the pellet discharge port, the pellet tail-end vessel is in the case There can be ventilation hole as circular as possible of corresponding size in its wall portion, it is that the ventilation hole should be breathed freely naturally but for institute Impermeable material for pellet crystal grain, especially filter is stated to close.

In this case, it is preferable to select the aperture of the filter, in some way to filter out in the surrounding air The sheet of the order of magnitude should not be present in the dust granule in the pellet.

In the case, the electro-dissociator is preferably in some way no longer in the outside of the pellet tail-end vessel wall portion On, thus inside the pellet tail-end vessel, in the air molecule for generating ionization from the outer air being introduced into.The electro-dissociator It is preferred that having ionization tip, and it is equipped with through-hole in the wall portion, i.e., the described ionization opening is covered by the electro-dissociator outwardly Lid, and wherein the ionization tip protrudes into the ionization from the electro-dissociator and is open, but not protrudes inwardly from the wall portion.

The air-flow being externally introduced can also be guided in some way, so that the electro-dissociator, especially described The ionization tip of electro-dissociator is in the air-flow, and in the case preferably also in the pellet tail-end vessel outside.

It empties:

After being dusted in this way to a batch, the pellet intermediate receptacle is emptied, concrete mode is, terminates institute It states across the upward air-flow of the pellet discharge port or is at least decreased to the air-flow to a certain degree, so that in the pellet Between all pellets in container fallen downwards by the pellet discharge port, fall into mostly and described be arranged in the pellet discharge port The pellet tail-end vessel of lower section.

It realizes that the mode continued working is, for good and all per unit time inputs the pellet of the amount of definition in the pellet Between container and adjust the air-flow in some way so that always the smaller portions of these pellet crystal grain are with being in reverse to the air-flow It is fallen downwards by the pellet discharge port.

But this shortcomings that continuing working, is, the pellet intermediate receptacle is never emptying during the work, such as In batch working, therefore, the work is had the advantage that

It rinses:

Before loading the pellet intermediate receptacle with next group, ionized gas can be used, especially ionized air is to described Empty pellet intermediate receptacle is rinsed, and is still in the pellet intermediate receptacle and is especially adhered to wall to remove Dust granule in portion and bottom inside:

For this purpose, ionized air is introduced the pellet intermediate receptacle --- wherein the pellet discharge port is in general It is closed, the preferably described pellet feed inlet is also closed --- until the pellet intermediate receptacle is preferably completely empty by the ionization All dust granules in gas filling and the ionized air arrived.

Then preferably in the case where pellet discharge port is opened, by applying on the exhaust outlet of the pellet intermediate receptacle Negative pressure is aspirated together with these charge neutrality usual in the case and by isolated dust granule the air.

Above scheme can also repeatedly be implemented in succession.The used time of the ionized gas for the flushing is introduced at 2 seconds to 20 Between second, especially between 3 seconds to 10 seconds.

For this purpose, it is preferred that initiatively by the independent air intake for the ionized air --- i.e. by opposite The negative pressure of pressure in the pellet intermediate receptacle, usually there are environment pressures in the pellet intermediate receptacle in this case Power --- the ionized air is introduced into the pellet intermediate receptacle

As an alternative, the pellet discharge port that can also pass through the opening will be below the pellet discharge port, i.e., It is preferred that the ionized air generated in pellet tail-end vessel here is directed upwardly into the pellet intermediate receptacle, and in this situation Under, this point preferably should be realized equally by negative pressure, to use ionization first before being aspirated by the exhaust outlet Air is filled up completely the pellet intermediate receptacle.

In general, it should at least 10 liters of use, more preferably at least 20 liters, more preferably at least 30 liters, more preferably at least 35 liters, more preferably extremely Few 50 liters of ionized gas is rinsed every 10 liter capacity of the pellet intermediate receptacle to be rinsed.

The negative pressure or empty by compression in the exhaust outlet can be generated by conventional negative pressure generator, such as fan Gas generates the negative pressure in aspiration line, and required compressed air and ionized air are extracted from identical compressed air source And/or the air for conveying pellet, preferably all air, and only by pressure reducing valve to pressure needed for each exhaustion point into Row matching, in particular for air to be ionized.

For the implementation dust removal method described so far, a kind of device is needed, first --- such as generally directed to batch Processing --- there is pellet intermediate receptacle, the pellet intermediate receptacle has pellet feed inlet and pellet discharge port, also has row Port especially aspirates the air together with the dust to be cleaned for removing.

Naturally, the pellet feed inlet and/or the pellet exhaust outlet are located at the upper zone of the pellet intermediate receptacle In the upper part of domain, the especially described top half or trisection, the pellet discharge port is located at the pellet intermediate receptacle In lower area, the lower part of the especially described trisection or the preferred bottom.

According to the present invention, described device includes flow generator, can generate the gas of above-mentioned upward laminar flow as far as possible Stream, the air-flow should gather in the pellet, i.e., more preferably start in pellet intermediate receptacle bottom or thereunder, and From bottom to top in particular through the pellet discharge port.

As an alternative, the closure elements for the pellet discharge port can also be passed through, as closing sliding block inputs institute Air-flow is stated, but in the case, it is more difficult to generate laminar flow.

The air-flow should be able to preferably be widened upwards for its cross section.Therefore, the pellet discharge port is preferably substantive Cross-sectional area of the upper inner cavity less than the pellet intermediate receptacle in the horizontal circular of its most width position.

By the above-mentioned means, the air-flow for passing through pellet discharge port movement from bottom to top can go out in the pellet It widens above material mouth, so that the flow velocity increases and reduces automatically with widening, until the flow velocity is in certain height, i.e., it is so-called Reverse region in be low enough so that pellet crystal grain be in reverse to the gravity and move or be enough by the pellet crystal grain keep On constant altitude.

Wherein, (under occupied state, the pellet accumulation sticks on the bottom for the bottom of the pellet intermediate receptacle On) it is preferred uneven, but there is inclination in the lower area so that the pellet intermediate receptacle it is transversal downwards gradually Contracting, especially conically tapered and terminate in the pellet discharge port, the pellet discharge port preferred center is arranged in institute It states in the free cross section of pellet collection vessel.

The part of the pellet accumulation being located at outside the pellet discharge port is together with described from the lifting state as a result, The pellet crystal grain declined again together towards pellet discharge port direction slide so that the pellet accumulation all pellet crystal grain with The passage of time swept across and moved upwards by the air-flow.

The flow generator is preferably located at the exhaust outlet downstream, i.e., is in general located above the exhaust outlet Negative pressure source, such as can be air sprayer pistol nozzle, or be also possible to the fan positioned at pellet discharge port downstream.

The flow generator is preferably especially in the intensity of the air-flow and/or duration and beginning and end It can be controlled by control device in terms of time point, the control device also can control all work of remainder of described device Dynamic component.The control device is especially required to the relatively described air-flow, is especially located at the negative pressure in the exhaust outlet downstream Use the opening time point of the closure elements of the pellet discharge port is controlled.

The large-scale air for the surrounding air for the air-flow to be pumped is equipped with below the pellet discharge port Entrance.It is preferred that pellet tail-end vessel is equipped with below the pellet discharge port, it is described in addition to the closed pellet discharge port Pellet tail-end vessel and the pellet intermediate receptacle are closely coupled.

In the case, the air intake is located in the preferably same cylindrical wall portion, and the pellet end holds Device be preferably configured as surround or almost completely around air intake.The air intake is preferably filtered device covering, so as on the one hand The dust granule in the surrounding air will not be sucked, the pellet crystal grain in the pellet tail-end vessel is on the other hand prevented to escape.

Described device preferably includes at least one electro-dissociator, and the electro-dissociator is arranged in some way, so that the ionization Device ionizes the air of the air-flow before the air-flow reaches the pellet crystal grain.

On on the outside of the wall portion of the pellet tail-end vessel, the electro-dissociator is preferably to be located at the pellet tail-end vessel In upper area, especially it is located at the wall that the mode above at least one described air intake is arranged in the pellet tail-end vessel It is ionized in portion and to the air of the inside.This wall portion usually has through-hole, and ionization tip is located in this through-hole, nothing It need to protrude into inside the pellet tail-end vessel.This through-hole can be ionized device covering, alternatively, can pass through this through-hole master It is dynamic --- after optionally sufficiently filter for the dust granule to come from external conveying --- input environment air, it is described Surrounding air skims over along this ionization tip and enters the pellet tail-end vessel.

It is preferred that another air inlet is equipped with especially in its wall portion in the pellet intermediate receptacle, it can be by described Ionized gas, preferably ionized air are introduced the pellet intermediate receptacle by air inlet, to carry out to the pellet intermediate receptacle It rinses.

The pellet intermediate receptacle preferably has form or for the entire wall portion by transparent material, such as glass structure At so as to can be from the process inside external observation.

Closure elements are preferably arranged in the intake pipeline being connected to the pellet feed inlet for the pellet, such as On the other hand squeezing valve, is rushing on the one hand, to there is the pressure loss by the feed-line in the off state Only pass through the exhaust outlet when washing and the ionized gas, the especially described ionized air is discharged.

It is compactly built described device in order to small, is less than 5000cm using volume³, especially less than 3000cm³Pellet Intermediate receptacle.

In this pellet intermediate receptacle, 300 to 600ml pellet is usually loaded in batches and it is dusted.

It is multiple in multiple and described movable components in the related component, i.e., for example in gas input device Material position in shut-off valve, electro-dissociator, the shut-off valve in pellet feed-line, pellet tail-end vessel and/or pellet intermediate receptacle passes Sensor is connect with control device, and the control device obtains signal from these sensors and controls these mobile components.

As sensor, can be arranged at least in the pellet intermediate receptacle and/or the pellet tail-end vessel respectively Pressure can be arranged in different location, such as in exhaust outlet or in the pellet tail-end vessel in one level sensor The sensor for being able to detect the height for reversing region and reversing threshold value of pellet crystal grain can be set, such as in sensor, and/or person The motion detector on pellet intermediate receptacle or being arranged therein is arranged in certain height.

Embodiment

Below illustratively in conjunction with attached drawing under different working condition to the dress for being dusted to pellet of the invention A kind of embodiment set is illustrated.Wherein:

Fig. 1 a is local vertical sectional view of the described device in granular filling material intermediate receptacle,

Fig. 1 b for along the sectional view of Fig. 1 a institute timberline lb-lb,

Fig. 2 a is local vertical sectional view of the described device when being dusted to the pellet in the pellet intermediate receptacle,

Fig. 2 b is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 2 a,

Fig. 3 is local vertical sectional view of the described device when emptying the pellet intermediate receptacle,

Fig. 4 is local vertical sectional view of the described device when rinsing the pellet intermediate receptacle of the sky,

Fig. 5 is that local vertical of the described device when aspirating the flushing gas in the pellet intermediate receptacle through rinsing cuts open Face figure.

It is opened in bulk in pellet intermediate receptacle 9 and pellet 4 is dusted.

Therefore, as shown in Figure 1a, in step 1 with a collection of granular filling material intermediate receptacle 9 in pellet 4.

For this purpose, suction spray gun 16 is inserted in the deposit being made of pellet 4 in storage container 7.Pass through connection To the feed-line 15 of suction spray gun 16, by defeated along the conveying air 3 for taking away pellet crystal grain 4 together for flowing to 10 flowings Send the pellet in storage container, another end of the feed-line terminates in inlet attack 24, this inlet attack from The pellet feed inlet 8 in pellet intermediate receptacle is formed by opening end.

Inlet attack 24 is angular pipe fitting herein, passes snugly through the wall portion of pellet intermediate receptacle 9 and this is managed The free terminal of part is in 9 pointing downwards of pellet intermediate receptacle, so that the pellet 4 inputted by feed-line 15 is by entire Towards the direction of inlet attack 24 in feed-line 15, i.e., towards the conveying air 3 of the direction of pellet intermediate receptacle 9 flowing downwards from grain Expect that feed inlet 8 flows out.

The pellet 4 of input is deposited on the bottom of pellet intermediate receptacle 9 in the form of pellet accumulation 4.For this purpose, holding among pellet Pellet discharge port 25 in 9 bottom of device is closed.

Conveying air 3 leaves pellet intermediate receptacle 9 by the exhaust outlet 18 of pellet intermediate receptacle, this exhaust outlet is arranged in It can be covered in the top that the taper of pellet intermediate receptacle 9 is reduced upwards and by sieve 5, although conveying air 3 and wherein may The dust 11 for including can flow through the sieve, but pellet crystal grain 4 cannot flow through the sieve.

Conveying air 3 along its flow to 10 from sieve along dust pipeline 20 flow into dirt collecting receptacle 12, dust pipeline 20 with The connection of this dirt collecting receptacle, conveying air 3 can be by the outlets that are arranged in the cover board 27 of dirt collecting receptacle 12 In exhaust-air filter 2 leave this dirt collecting receptacle, and dust 11 can not then leave, exhaust-air filter 2 for dust and Speech, which shows, to be impermeable.

By being located at exhaust outlet 18, the especially negative pressure generator in 5 downstream of sieve, in such case by can be arranged in The injector compressed-air atomizer of 2 downstream of exhaust-air filter or 18 positive downstream of exhaust outlet being arranged in dust pipeline 20 21, so that conveying air 3 flows.

This injector compressed-air atomizer 21 compressed air network that compressed air-is usually fixed from existing position Extracted in network-each feed-line of 10 injections is flowed to and thus in feed-line in the spray of injector compressed air along desired 21 downstream of mouth generates negative pressure, so that conveying air 3 flows to 10 flowings along described.

Injector compressed-air atomizer 21 so works for a long time, until there are enough grains in pellet intermediate receptacle 9 Material 4, i.e., batch of desired amount then stop compressed air being inputted to injector compressed-air atomizer 21 and preferably by pass Disconnected valve 35, especially squeezing valve 35 close feed-line 15.

In addition, sectional view shown in Fig. 1 a is clearly shown, pellet collection vessel 9 is the substantial cylindrical appearance placed vertically Device, i.e., with rotational symmetry wall portion, these wall portions in lower area be centrally disposed on pellet discharge port 25 therein with The form of cone 28 is close.The lower part free terminal of cone 28 is pellet discharge port 25, can be closed 6 closing of flip lid, During granular filling material collection vessel 9, the pellet discharge port is closed.Closing flip lid 6 is opened and closed by pneumatic cylinder 23.

As shown in Figure 1 b, the area of especially circular pellet discharge port 25 can be significantly less than in pellet intermediate receptacle 9 The free especially circular cross section in portion, especially circular pellet feed inlet 8 (aperture i.e. on 24 end of inlet attack) Free internal cross section can be smaller again, however this two o'clock is not to realize precondition of the invention.

As shown in the enlarged drawing of Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, then this batch in pellet intermediate receptacle 9 is dusted.

As shown in best Fig. 2 b, for this purpose, the squeezing valve 35 in feed-line 15 is during being dusted pellet 4 When remaining turned-off, negative pressure, that is, for example, load of injector compressed-air atomizer 21 pressure are generated in dust pipeline 20 first And then contracting air opens closing flip lid 6, for this purpose, this closing flip lid needs to overcome in pellet intermediate receptacle 9 --- and it is straight It is closed to dust pipeline 20 --- the negative pressure of formation.

Based on dominant negative pressure in pellet intermediate receptacle 9, taken out from the region for being located at 25 lower section of lower part pellet discharge port Surrounding air 31 is inhaled, shown surrounding air passes through to be flowed up in the substantial laminar air flow 32 of pellet discharge port 25, described For air-flow first about with the cross section of pellet discharge port 25, the opposite pellet discharge port 25 based on pellet intermediate receptacle 9 is upward The cross section of the wall portion shunk back, air-flow 32 can extend slightly upward.

That is, air-flow 32 flows through the closing flip lid 6 being previously powered down to the pellet of lower support accumulation 4 and has certain Active force, so that the pellet crystal grain 4 being previously disposed on closing flip lid 6 does not pass through pellet discharge port 25 and falls downwards, but by The air-flow 32 of the cross-section center of pellet intermediate receptacle 9 is delivered up together, until the flow velocity in the air-flow is because of air-flow 32 It widens and is no longer enough to continue lifting wherein entrained pellet crystal grain 4 or in the state of being no longer enough to be merely retained in and being lifted.

Therefore, pellet crystal grain 4 is most, i.e., at least 80% pellet crystal grain, more preferably at least 90% pellet crystal grain, specific Height on, i.e., terminate its ascending motion and in the perimeter of the inner cavity of pellet intermediate receptacle 9 14 in reversing region 30 The side of central fluidizing gas 32 laterally falls downward again, and roll back in the annular outer edge area of pellet accumulation.

And pellet crystal grain 4-in above-mentioned definition-cannot be more than mostly especially preset reverse threshold value 30' upwards.This A reverse threshold value 30' is located at the top for reversing the coboundary in region 30 herein, but can also be entirely same with this coboundary.

Based on lower part cone 28, pellet crystal grain is in this cone towards the direction of the vertical centerline of pellet intermediate receptacle 9 The air-flow 32 for sliding and being again close to the cross section of pellet discharge port 25 and flowing up from this pellet discharge port, lays equal stress on Newly it is delivered up.

That is, pellet crystal grain 4 undergoes multiple this kind of belt depending on the duration of air-flow 32.

Pellet tail-end vessel 14 is equipped with below pellet discharge port 25 and below pellet intermediate receptacle 9, it is same usual For the cylinder substantially placed vertically.If only Fig. 1 a is shown, this pellet tail-end vessel 14 is placed on electrical equipment 50 generally directed to pellet 4 Top side on, be used as buffer, from this buffer-pellet tail-end vessel 14 lower openings open in the case where-general Pellet inputs electrical equipment 50.

In the side wall of this pellet tail-end vessel 14 be equipped with for surrounding air 31 large-scale air inlet 33, but this into Port-being gone in ring preferably in the entire peripheral extent of pellet tail-end vessel 14-enters the covering of wind filter 13, to make The dust in surrounding air 31 sucked will not enter pellet tail-end vessel 14 and will not be based in pellet intermediate receptacle 9 Dominant negative pressure and be upwardly into this pellet intermediate receptacle from this pellet tail-end vessel and reach air-flow 32.

Pellet tail-end vessel 14 is passed through on the way in the surrounding air, by electro-dissociator 37a to the surrounding air sucked 31 are ionized, this electro-dissociator is arranged on the outside of the outer wall of pellet tail-end vessel 14, are preferably placed in pellet discharge port Immediately below 25, but it to be arranged at least one 33 top of air inlet anyway.

The surrounding air 31 of ionization causes to be adhered to by electrostatic charging in the wall portion of pellet crystal grain 4 or pellet intermediate receptacle Dust granule partial electrode sex reversal or neutralization on side, so that these dust granules are easier to get detached, will pass through dust pipe Line 20 and these dust granules are discharged across sieve 5.

Shown another is arranged in the electro-dissociator 37b on the outside of wall portion on pellet intermediate receptacle 9 preferably can also be to grain Activation during material 4 is dusted, but in the case preferably without the gas access 36b air-flow passed through herein, so as not to damage Evil laminar air flow 32.

After carrying out dedusting prolonged enough to pellet, terminates dedusting and as shown in figure 3, empty pellet intermediate receptacle Pellet 4 in 9, concrete mode is, pellet passes through the pellet discharge port 25 still opened and drops downward into pellet tail-end vessel 14.

For this purpose, it is only necessary to terminate the negative pressure in aspiration line 20, that is, turn off at least one injector compressed-air atomizer 21, that is, terminate the load of compressed air.

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, it removes in empty pellet intermediate receptacle 9 and is especially deposited on the pellet intermediate receptacle Dust on the inside of wall portion.

It is --- as shown in Figure 4 --- for this purpose, with ionized air 34 to pellet intermediate receptacle 9 to be rinsed, wherein sealing It closes flip lid 6 and preferably remains closing.

But in general, it is empty to generate ionization by the first electro-dissociator 37a being arranged on pellet tail-end vessel 14 Gas 34, but by being arranged on the outer wall of pellet intermediate receptacle 9, second be preferably placed in the lower area of the outer wall Electro-dissociator 37b.

Air, especially by compressed-air line 26 input this second electro-dissociator compressed air flow through this second Electro-dissociator.After being ionized by electro-dissociator 37b, compressed air is imported by pellet intermediate receptacle 9 by air-in 36.

First electro-dissociator 37a can be flowed through by air, but in general will not be flowed through by air, but only by its ionization point Through-hole in 14 wall portion of pellet tail-end vessel is protruded at end --- such as the ionization tip similarly shape in pellet intermediate receptacle 9 At air-in 36 --- to a certain degree, so that this ionization tip will not extend inwardly into the container, i.e. pellet herein Tail-end vessel.

This through-hole complementally can also be similarly arranged in by the ionization tip for the second electro-dissociator 37b that air flows through In, it is arranged in air-in 36 herein.

The two electro-dissociators 37a, b can especially use complete same constructing plan or arrange in a similar way, and Air input or shutdown air input can be carried out to each electro-dissociator 37a, b depending on specific requirements.As shown in only Fig. 2 a, A pressure-regulating valve 29 can be respectively equipped with by leading in each compressed-air line 26 of electro-dissociator 37a, b.

After being filled up completely pellet intermediate receptacle 9 with ionized air and still continue input ionized air 34 when, such as Shown in Fig. 5 --- negative pressure is generated in aspiration line 20 by injector compressed-air atomizer 21 and from there through in this pellet Between container upper air vent 18 and dust pipeline 20 aspirate the dust enrichment removed in pellet intermediate receptacle 9 ionization it is empty Gas is simultaneously inputted dirt collecting receptacle 12.

In the case, the pellet discharge port 25 in 9 bottom of pellet intermediate receptacle is opened, and holds to aspirate pellet end Surrounding air in device 14.

For purposes of the invention, it is taken as the alternative solution of injector compressed-air atomizer 21, it can also be by Another applicable negative pressure generator, especially fan, to generate negative pressure.

So, pellet intermediate receptacle 9 and whole device may be used for processing next group pellet 4.

All described processes are controlled by central control unit 22:

This control device passes through compressed-air line 26

Squeezing valve 35,

At least the second electro-dissociator 37b,

23 He of pneumatic cylinder for mobile closing flip lid 6

For generating at least one injector compressed-air atomizer 21 of negative pressure

Supply compressed air.

In addition, this control device and the level sensor being located on pellet tail-end vessel 14 and pellet intermediate receptacle 9 There are the connections on signalling technique by 19a, b, so as to for example according to the measuring signal of these level sensors at correct time point Terminate filling process.

It is that two electro-dissociators 37a, b power and to the progress of the two electro-dissociators by control device 22 as additional project Control.

Description of symbols

1 pellet separator

2 exhaust-air filters

3 conveying air

4 pellets, pellet accumulation, pellet crystal grain

5 sieves

6 closing flip lids

7 storage containers

8 pellet feed inlets

9 pellet intermediate receptacles

10 flow directions

11 dusts

12 dirt collecting receptacles

13 enter wind filter

14 pellet tail-end vessels

15 feed-lines

16 suction spray guns

17 compressed air sources

18 exhaust outlets

19a, b level sensor

20 dust pipelines

21 injector compressed-air atomizers

22 control devices

23 pneumatic cylinders

24 inlet attacks

25 pellet discharge ports

26 compressed-air lines

27 cover boards

28 cones

29 pressure-regulating valves

30 reverse region

31 surrounding airs

32 air-flows

33 air inlets

34 ionized gases

35 shut-off valves, squeezing valve

36a, b gas input port

37a, b electro-dissociator

50 electrical equipments

Claims

1. the method that one kind is especially in bulk dusted pellet (4), wherein being adhered to the grain described in especially removing Expect the dust (11) on crystal grain (4), and wherein

Air-flow controllable especially in terms of its flow velocity is guided upwards across the pellet (4), especially pellet accumulation (4) (32), the air-flow arrives strongly is enough together to transport pellet crystal grain (4) upwards,

It is characterized in that,

The flow velocity of the air-flow (32) is selected in some way, so that pellet crystal grain (4) entrained in the air-flow exists mostly It reverses below threshold value (30'), especially mostly in reversing region (30), gravity relatively terminates its ascending motion and to decline It falls,

Apply certain negative pressure above the reverse region (30) or the reverse threshold value (30'), the negative pressure is enough to take out upwards The dust (11) in the air-flow (32) is inhaled, but the negative pressure is too weak and is not enough to be drawn up pellet crystal grain (4).

2. according to the method described in claim 1,

It is characterized in that,

The air-flow (32) is generated by being applied to reverse region (30) or the negative pressure reversed above threshold value (30'),

And/or person

The flow velocity that the air-flow (32) are selected in a manner of decreasing upwards, especially by increasing the gas from bottom to up Flow (32) cross section and for it.

3. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

The air-flow (32) are generated and guided in some way, so that pellet crystal grain (4) essence entrained in the air-flow On in parallel with each other along the air-flow (32) direction movement and/or person described in air-flow (32) be essentially laminar air flow (32).

4. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

For pellet accumulation,

Viewed from above, the cross section of the air-flow (32) for flowing through the pellet accumulation is less than the transversal of pellet accumulation Face,

And/or person,

The pellet crystal grain (4) of the decline is inputted into the pellet accumulation (4) again.

5. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

Cause the air-flow (32) for being dusted to a collection of pellet for a long time so frequent and/or so, thus by The air-flow (32) repeatedly carries each pellet crystal grain (4) upwards and then gravity relatively inputs the pellet crystal grain again The pellet gathers (4).

6. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

The air-flow (32) are consumingly so selected, so that in the cross section (32') of the air-flow (32), most 3% Pellet crystal grain, more preferably most 1% pellet crystal grain, more preferably absolutely not pellet crystal grain (4) is fallen downwards, will not especially be led to Pellet discharge port (25) to be crossed to fall downwards, the air-flow (32) passes through the pellet discharge port, beside the pellet discharge port, It is equipped with for pellet accumulation (4) outside the cross section of the air-flow (32) especially about the pellet discharge port Part bearing surface.

7. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

The air-flow (32) are consumingly so selected, so that pellet crystal grain (4) entrained in the air-flow is mostly in its arrival Before the barrier of fixation above pellet accumulation (4), gravity relatively terminates its ascending motion.

(ionization)

8. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

Especially before the air-flow (32) reach the pellet accumulation (4), complementally after this optionally, to described The air of air-flow (32) is ionized.

9. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

After carrying out the dedusting to a collection of pellet, terminates the air-flow (32) or the air-flow is at least decreased to certain journey Degree, so that pellet accumulation (4) is dropped out downwards by the pellet discharge port (25).

10. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

Surrounding air is used for the air of the air-flow (32), the surrounding air to be entered below pellet accumulation The air-flow (32), is especially sucked by the air-flow, preferably for it in the case where being filtered to the surrounding air.

(container illustrates)

11. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

Implement the dedusting in pellet intermediate receptacle (9),

The pellet discharge port (25) is equipped in the bottom of the pellet intermediate receptacle, below the pellet discharge port preferably It carries out the input of the surrounding air (31) and/or person is disposed with pellet tail-end vessel (14),

And/or person,

It is equipped in the upper area of the pellet intermediate receptacle, the top side of the especially described pellet intermediate receptacle and is used for the dress The outlet (18) for carrying the air of dust is especially equipped with sieve (6) in the exhaust outlet, can not be by the pellet crystal grain (4) it passes through, wherein the intensity of the air-flow (32) is adjusted in some way, so that the pellet crystal grain (4) at least mostly will not The outlet (18) are reached, the especially described sieve (5).

(flushing)

12. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

After carrying out the dedusting to a collection of pellet, with ionized air to the no longer pellet intermediate receptacle (9) containing pellet It is rinsed, for it especially by following manner:

The pellet discharge port (25) has been closed or has closed the pellet discharge port,

The cut-off device (35) of the feed-line (15) has been closed or has closed the cut-off device,

Ionized gas (34), especially ionized air are introduced into the pellet intermediate receptacle (9), wherein being preferably introduced into described entire More times of the ionized gas (34) of pellet intermediate receptacle (9) volume,

At the latest from loading the pellet intermediate receptacle (9) completely, continue to remove the electricity from the pellet intermediate receptacle (9) From gas (34), the ionized gas is aspirated especially by the outlet (18).

13. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

It is filled out by the delivery air being located in the feed-line (15) being connected to the pellet intermediate receptacle (9) with new a collection of pellet The pellet intermediate receptacle (9) is filled, the feed-line (15) is closed during the dedusting.

14. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

The delivery air (3) and the negative pressure are generated by compressed air in the reverse overlying regions, and

The ionized gas (34) being introduced into preferably is similarly ionization compressed air, and

Both especially from the identical compressed air source (17), especially existing static compressed air network extracts.

15. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

The ionized gas (34) are introduced, with atmospheric pressure or greater than the pressure of the atmospheric pressure, especially there is place In atmospheric pressure and higher than the pressure between 5 bars of atmospheric pressure.

16. method according to any one of the preceding claims,

It is characterized in that,

The used time of the ionized gas (34) for being rinsed between the dust removal process of the pellet (4) is introduced at 2 seconds to 20 Between second, especially between 3 seconds to 10 seconds,

And/or person,

Every 10 liters at least 10 liters of pellet intermediate receptacles (9) introducings to be rinsed, more preferably at least 20 liters, more preferably at least 30 liters, more preferably At least 35 liters, more preferably at least 50 liters of ionized gas (34).

17. a kind of device for being dusted to pellet, has pellet intermediate receptacle (9), the pellet intermediate receptacle has

For the pellet feed inlet (8) of the pellet (4),

It for the exhaust outlet (18) of air, is arranged in the top of the pellet intermediate receptacle (9), is especially arranged on described It can be covered in the top of pellet intermediate receptacle and by sieve (5),

Can especially close in the lower part of the pellet intermediate receptacle (9), especially pellet intermediate receptacle bottom Pellet discharge port (25),

Wherein the lower area of the pellet intermediate receptacle (9) is tapered towards the pellet discharge port (25), especially conically gradually Contracting,

It is characterized in that

Air inlet (33) in the height of the pellet discharge port (25) or below the pellet discharge port, it is described Air inlet is especially entered wind filter (13) covering,

It can be from the air inlet (flow generator of 33)s towards the direction of exhaust outlet (18) generation air-flow (32), the gas Stream is strong to discharge to the pellet crystal grain (4) for being enough most of to prevent above the pellet discharge port (25) across the pellet Mouthful (25) and fall,

The intensity and/or the control device of duration and the time point of beginning and end of the air-flow (32) can be controlled (22)。

18. device according to claim 17,

It is characterized in that,

The flow generator can generate certain air-flow (32), so that

Most 3% pellet crystal grain, more preferably most 1% pellet crystal grain, more preferably absolutely not pellet crystal grain (4) is in the air-flow (32) it falls downwards in cross section, will not especially be fallen downwards by pellet discharge port (25), the air-flow (32) passes through The pellet discharge port is equipped with especially about the pellet discharge port beside the pellet discharge port and is used for the pellet The bearing surface of the part outside the cross section of the air-flow (32) of accumulation,

And/or person,

Entrained pellet crystal grain (4) is mostly in the obstacle that it reaches the fixation being located above pellet accumulation in the air-flow Before object, gravity relatively terminates its ascending motion, and

The control device (22) can start and turn off the flow generator, the especially power in the flow generator In correspondingly controlled.

(electro-dissociator)

19. the device according to any one of above-mentioned apparatus claim,

It is characterized in that

The first electro-dissociator in the height of the pellet discharge port (25) or below the pellet discharge port (37a), first electro-dissociator can especially be arranged on the first opening (36a), especially gas across the wall portion (2a) In body input port (36a),

And/or person,

Second electro-dissociator (37b), second electro-dissociator can especially be arranged on the second opening across the wall portion In (36b), especially gas input port (36b),

And/or person,

Negative pressure source (21) positioned at the outlet (18) downstream.

20. the device according to any one of above-mentioned apparatus claim,

It is characterized in that,

The pellet (4) is delivered to the pellet feed inlet (8) by delivery air (3), the control device (22) can The intensity of the delivery air (3) and/or in terms of duration and the time point of beginning and end to the delivery air (3) it is controlled.

21. the device according to any one of above-mentioned apparatus claim,

It is characterized in that,

Flow generator construction in some way enables the flow generator to generate laminar air flow (32).

22. the device according to any one of above-mentioned apparatus claim,

It is characterized in that,

Below the pellet discharge port (25), pellet tail-end vessel is disposed on the bottom side of the pellet intermediate receptacle (9) (14), the pellet tail-end vessel can be especially by the closure elements (6) for closing the pellet discharge port (25), especially Closing flip lid (6) or closing sliding block at least pellet hermetically, preferably airtightly the relatively described pellet intermediate receptacle (9) and close, And

Especially described first electro-dissociator (37a) is arranged on the outside of pellet tail-end vessel (14) wall portion, especially borrows The free front end at the ionization tip is helped to be arranged in first opening (36a).

23. the device according to any one of above-mentioned apparatus claim,

It is characterized in that,

The control device (22) can

Intensity and/or duration and beginning to the ionized gas (34) introduced by the gas input port (36) It is controlled with the time point of end,

And/or person,

The intensity for the ionization realized by the described first and/or second electro-dissociator (37a, b) is controlled,

And/or person,

The generation of air-flow (32) described in opposite beginning and end in some way to open and close the closure elements (6) when Between point controlled so that during or after opening closure elements (6), the pellet being located on the closure elements The pellet crystal grain (4) of accumulation (4) will not be fallen mostly by the pellet discharge port (25).

24. the device according to any one of above-mentioned apparatus claim,

It is characterized in that,

Pressure-regulating valve (29) are disposed in the gas input port (36),

And/or person,

The gas input port (36) links together with compressed air source (17), and the compressed air source is especially described and institute State compressed air source (17) for generating the air-flow (32) and/or described for generate will be described in the pellet (4) to be sent into The identical compressed air source (17) of the compressed air source (17) of the delivery air (3) of pellet intermediate receptacle (9).

25. the device according to any one of above-mentioned apparatus claim,

It is characterized in that,

The pellet intermediate receptacle (9) has at least one transparent window (8a) on side wall, and

The entire wall portion of the especially described pellet intermediate receptacle (9) be it is transparent and

It is preferred that being made of glass.

26. the device according to any one of above-mentioned apparatus claim,

It is characterized in that,

The volume of the pellet intermediate receptacle (9) is less than 5000cm³, especially less than 3000cm³, and, especially

The pellet intermediate receptacle (9) filled by a collection of pellet (4) includes 300 to 600ml pellet (4).

27. the device according to any one of above-mentioned apparatus claim,

It is characterized in that,

The feed-line (15) for pellet (4) can be closed device (35), if squeezing valve (35) are closed, the extruding Valve especially links together with the control device (22) and is controlled by the control device.