CN109887465B - Pixel driving circuit and display panel - Google Patents

Pixel driving circuit and display panel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109887465B
CN109887465B CN201910173540.2A CN201910173540A CN109887465B CN 109887465 B CN109887465 B CN 109887465B CN 201910173540 A CN201910173540 A CN 201910173540A CN 109887465 B CN109887465 B CN 109887465B
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transistor
potential
electrically connected
driving circuit
node
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CN109887465A (en
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蔡玉莹
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/093657 priority patent/WO2020177253A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Abstract

According to the pixel driving circuit and the display panel, the pixel driving circuit with the 3T1C structure is adopted to effectively compensate the threshold voltage of the driving transistor in each pixel, the compensation structure of the pixel driving circuit is simple, and therefore a large amount of area does not need to be occupied during design.

Description

Pixel driving circuit and display panel
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a pixel driving circuit and a display panel.
Background
An OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display panel has the advantages of high brightness, wide viewing angle, fast response speed, low power consumption, and the like, and is widely applied to the field of high-performance display. In the OLED display panel, pixels are arranged in a matrix including a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, each pixel generally includes two transistors and a capacitor, which is commonly referred to as a 2T1C circuit, but the transistors have a problem of threshold voltage shift, and therefore, the OLED pixel driving circuit needs a corresponding compensation structure. At present, the compensation structure of the OLED pixel driving circuit is complex, occupies a large area when designing the layout, and is not favorable for designing a high PPI (pixel density) display panel.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a pixel driving circuit and a display panel, which can solve the technical problems that the compensation structure of the existing pixel driving circuit is complex and occupies a large area when designing the layout.
An embodiment of the present application provides a pixel driving circuit, including: a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a capacitor, and a light emitting device;
the grid electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to the control signal, the source electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to the data signal, and the drain electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to the first node;
a gate of the second transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a source of the second transistor is electrically connected to a first power signal, and a drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to a second node;
a gate of the third transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a source of the third transistor is electrically connected to a second power signal, and a drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the second node;
a first end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the first node, and a second end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the second node;
and the anode end of the light-emitting device is electrically connected to the second node, and the cathode end of the light-emitting device is electrically connected to the grounding end.
In the pixel driving circuit of the present application, the combination of the control signal, the data signal, the first power signal, and the second power signal sequentially corresponds to an initialization stage, a threshold voltage detection stage, a threshold voltage compensation stage, and a light emitting stage; the data signal comprises a reference low potential and a display high potential; the second power supply signal includes a first potential and a second potential, the first potential being less than the second potential; the potential of the first power supply signal is equal to the second potential.
In the pixel driving circuit of the present application, in the initialization stage, the control signal is a high potential, the first power signal is the first potential, the second power signal is the second potential, and the data signal is the reference low potential.
In the pixel driving circuit of the present application, in the threshold voltage detection stage, the control signal is at a high potential, the first power signal jumps from the first potential to the second potential, the second power signal is at the second potential, and the data signal is at the reference low potential.
In the pixel driving circuit of the present application, in the threshold voltage compensation stage, the control signal is a high potential, the first power signal is the second potential, the second power signal is the second potential, and the data signal is the display high potential.
In the pixel driving circuit of the present application, in the light emitting stage, the control signal is a low potential, the first power signal is the second potential, the second power signal is the second potential, and the data signal is the reference low potential.
In the pixel driving circuit of the present application, the first transistor, the second transistor, and the third transistor are all low temperature polysilicon thin film transistors, oxide semiconductor thin film transistors, or amorphous silicon thin film transistors.
In the pixel driving circuit described herein, a current flowing through the light emitting device is independent of a threshold voltage of the second transistor.
In the pixel driving circuit described herein, the light emitting device is an organic light emitting diode.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a display panel, including the pixel driving circuit described above.
According to the pixel driving circuit and the display panel, the pixel driving circuit with the 3T1C structure is adopted to effectively compensate the threshold voltage of the driving transistor in each pixel, the compensation structure of the pixel driving circuit is simple, and therefore a large amount of area does not need to be occupied during design.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a timing diagram of a pixel driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a path of an initialization stage of a pixel driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application under the driving timing shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a path of a pixel driving circuit in a threshold voltage detection stage according to the driving sequence shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a path of a pixel driving circuit in a threshold voltage compensation stage according to the driving timing shown in FIG. 2;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a path of a pixel driving circuit in a light emitting stage according to the driving timing shown in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The transistors used in all embodiments of the present application may be thin film transistors or field effect transistors or other devices with the same characteristics, and since the source and drain of the transistors used herein are symmetrical, the source and drain may be interchanged. In the embodiment of the present application, to distinguish two poles of a transistor except for a gate, one of the two poles is referred to as a source, and the other pole is referred to as a drain. The form in the drawing provides that the middle end of the switching transistor is a grid, the signal input end is a source, and the output end is a drain. In addition, the transistors used in the embodiments of the present application may include a P-type transistor and/or an N-type transistor, where the P-type transistor is turned on when the gate is at a low level and turned off when the gate is at a high level, and the N-type transistor is turned on when the gate is at a high level and turned off when the gate is at a low level.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, a pixel driving circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: a first transistor T1, a second transistor T2, a third transistor T3, a capacitor C, and a light emitting device OLED, which may be an organic light emitting diode. That is, the pixel driving circuit with the 3T1C structure in the embodiment of the present application effectively compensates the threshold voltage of the driving transistor in each pixel, uses fewer components, and has a simple and stable structure, thereby saving the cost. The second transistor T2 in the pixel driving circuit is a driving transistor.
The gate of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the control signal S1, the source of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the data signal D, and the drain of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to the first node g. The gate of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the first node g, the source of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the first power signal Vdd1, and the drain of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the second node s. The gate of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the first node g, the source of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the second power signal Vdd2, and the drain of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the second node s. The first end of the capacitor C is electrically connected to the first node g, and the second end of the capacitor C is electrically connected to the second node s. The anode terminal of the light emitting device OLED is electrically connected to the second node s, and the cathode terminal of the light emitting device OLED is electrically connected to the ground terminal.
In some embodiments, the first transistor T1, the second transistor T2, and the third transistor T3 are all low temperature polysilicon thin film transistors, oxide semiconductor thin film transistors, or amorphous silicon thin film transistors. The transistors in the pixel driving circuit provided by the embodiment of the application are the same type of transistors, so that the influence of difference among different types of transistors on the pixel driving circuit is avoided.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a timing diagram of a pixel driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the combination of the control signal S1, the data signal D, the first power signal Vdd1 and the second power signal Vdd2 sequentially corresponds to an initialization phase t1, a threshold voltage detection phase t2, a threshold voltage compensation phase t3 and a light emitting phase t 4. The data signal D includes a reference low voltage Vref and a display high voltage Vdata. The second power signal Vdd2 includes a first potential V1 and a second potential V2, and the first potential V1 is smaller than the second potential V2. The potential of the first power supply signal Vdd1 is equal to the second potential V2.
In some embodiments, during the initialization period t1, the control signal S1 is at a high level, the first power signal Vdd1 is at a first level V1, the second power signal Vdd2 is at a second level V2, and the data signal D is at a reference low level Vref.
In some embodiments, during the threshold voltage detecting period t2, the control signal S1 is high, the first power signal Vdd1 transitions from the first voltage V1 to the second voltage V2, the second power signal Vdd2 is the second voltage V2, and the data signal D is the reference low voltage Vref.
In some embodiments, during the threshold voltage compensation period t3, the control signal S1 is at a high level, the first power signal Vdd1 is at the second level V2, the second power signal Vdd2 is at the second level V2, and the data signal D is at the display high level Vdata.
In some embodiments, during the light-emitting period t4, the control signal S1 is at a low level, the first power signal Vdd1 is at the second level V2, the second power signal Vdd2 is at the second level V2, and the data signal D is at the reference low level Vref.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic path diagram of an initialization stage of the pixel driving circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application under the driving timing shown in fig. 2. First, referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the initialization period T1, the control signal S1 is high, the first transistor T1 is turned on, and the data signal D is at the reference low level Vref at this time, that is, the reference low level Vref of the data signal D is output to the first node g. It should be noted that, at this time, the reference low voltage Vref of the data signal D needs to be set to a voltage level at which the second transistor T2 and the third transistor T3 are turned on. That is, at this time, the second transistor T2 and the third transistor T3 are turned on, and since the first power signal Vdd1 is at the second potential V2, the second power signal Vdd2 is at the first potential V1, and the first potential V1 is smaller than the second potential V2, the second power signal Vdd2 charges the second node s until the potential of the second node s is equal to the first potential V1.
In this initialization phase t1t1, the potential of the first node g and the potential of the second node s may be set according to the following formula: vgVref, Vs V1, where VgThe voltage level at the first node g, Vs is the voltage level at the second node s, Vref is the reference low voltage level Vref of the data signal D, and V1 is the first voltage level V1.
Next, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic path diagram of a threshold voltage detection stage of the pixel driving circuit provided in the embodiment of the application at the driving timing shown in fig. 2. Referring to fig. 2 and 4, during the threshold voltage detecting period T2, the control signal S1 is still high, the first transistor T1 is still turned on, and the data signal D is still at the reference low level Vref, i.e., the reference low level Vref of the data signal D is still output to the first node g. It should be noted that, at this time, the reference low voltage Vref of the data signal D needs to be set to a voltage level at which the second transistor T2 and the third transistor T3 are turned on. That is, at this time, the second transistor T2 and the third transistor T3 are still turned on, and since the first power signal Vdd1 is at the second potential V2, the second power signal Vdd2 is at the first potential V1, and the first potential V1 is smaller than the second potential V2, the second power signal Vdd2 charges the second node s until the potential of the second node s is equal to the first potential V1 in the initialization period T1. At the threshold voltage detecting node, the first power signal Vdd1 charges the second node s until the potential of the second node s is equal to the voltage difference between the reference low level Vref of the data signal D and the threshold voltage of the second transistor T2.
In the threshold voltage detection period t2, the potential of the first node g and the potential of the second node s may be set according to the following formula: vgVref, Vs Vref Vth, where VgIs the potential of the first node g, VsVref is a reference low level Vref of the data signal D, and Vth is a threshold voltage of the second transistor T2.
Next, referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a path of a pixel driving circuit in a threshold voltage compensation stage at the driving timing shown in fig. 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 2 and 5, during the threshold voltage compensation period T3, the control signal S1 is still at the high voltage level, the first transistor T1 is still turned on, and the data signal D is at the display high voltage level Vdata, i.e., the display high voltage level Vdata of the data signal D is output to the first node g. Due to the capacitive C-coupling effect, the potential of the second node s changes accordingly.
In the threshold voltage compensation period t3, the potential of the first node gg and the potential of the second node ss may be set according to the following formula: vgVdata, Vs Vref Vth + Δ V, where VgIs the potential of the first node g, VsVdata is a display high potential Vdata of the data signal D, Vth is a threshold voltage of the first transistor T1, and Δ V is an influence of the display high potential Vdata on the potential of the second node s.
Finally, referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a path of a pixel driving circuit in a light emitting stage according to the driving timing shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 2 and 6, in the light emitting period T4T4, the control signal S1 is at a low level, and the first transistor T1 is turned off. Due to the storing action of the capacitor C, the voltage difference between the potential of the first node g and the potential of the second node s remains unchanged.
During the lighting period t4t4, the pressure difference between the first node g and the second node s can be obtained according to the following formula: vgs-Vdata-Vref + Vth- Δ V, where Vgs is a voltage difference between the potential of the first node g and the potential of the second node s, Vdata is a display high potential Vdata of the data signal D, Vref is a reference low potential Vref of the data signal D, Vth is a threshold voltage of the first transistor T1, and Δ V is an influence of the display high potential Vdata on the potential of the second node s.
Further, the formula for calculating the current flowing through the light emitting device oleoled is:
IOLED＝1/2Cox(μW/L)(Vgs1－Vth)2in which IOLEDTo the current flowing through the light emitting device OLED, μ is the carrier mobility of the first transistor T1, W and L are the width and length of the channel of the first transistor T1, respectively, Vgs1 is the voltage difference between the gate and drain of the second transistor T2, and Vth is the threshold voltage of the second transistor T2. In the embodiment of the present application, the voltage difference between the gate and the drain of the second transistor T2 is equal to the voltage difference between the potential of the first node g and the potential of the second node s. A voltage difference V between the potential of the first node g and the potential of the second node sgsSubstituting Vdata-Vref + Vth- Δ V into the above formula, namely:
IOLED＝1/2Cox(μW/L)(Vdata-Vref+Vth-ΔV-Vth)2
＝1/2Cox(μW/L)(Vdata-Vref-ΔV)2
it can be seen that the current of the light emitting device OLED is independent of the threshold voltage of the second transistor T2, implementing a compensation function. The light emitting device OLED emits light, and a current flowing through the light emitting device OLED is independent of a threshold voltage of the second transistor T2.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a display panel, which includes the pixel driving circuit described above, and specific reference may be made to the description of the pixel driving circuit, which is not repeated herein.
According to the pixel driving circuit and the display panel, the pixel driving circuit with the 3T1C structure is adopted to effectively compensate the threshold voltage of the driving transistor in each pixel, the compensation structure of the pixel driving circuit is simple, and therefore a large amount of area does not need to be occupied during design.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A pixel driving circuit, comprising: a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a capacitor, and a light emitting device;
the grid electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to the control signal, the source electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to the data signal, and the drain electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to the first node;
a gate of the second transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a source of the second transistor is electrically connected to a first power signal, and a drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to a second node;
a gate of the third transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a source of the third transistor is electrically connected to a second power signal, and a drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the second node;
a first end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the first node, and a second end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the second node;
and the anode end of the light-emitting device is electrically connected to the second node, and the cathode end of the light-emitting device is electrically connected to the grounding end.
2. The pixel driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the control signal, the data signal, the first power signal and the second power signal in combination correspond to an initialization phase, a threshold voltage detection phase, a threshold voltage compensation phase and a light emitting phase in sequence; the data signal comprises a reference low potential and a display high potential; the second power supply signal includes a first potential and a second potential, the first potential being less than the second potential; the potential of the first power supply signal is equal to the second potential.
3. The pixel driving circuit according to claim 2, wherein in the initialization stage, the control signal is at a high level, the first power signal is at the second level, the second power signal is at the first level, and the data signal is at the reference low level.
4. The pixel driving circuit according to claim 2, wherein during the threshold voltage detection phase, the control signal is at a high level, the second power signal jumps from the first level to the second level, the first power signal is at the second level, and the data signal is at the reference low level.
5. The pixel driving circuit according to claim 2, wherein during the threshold voltage compensation phase, the control signal is at a high voltage level, the first power signal is at the second voltage level, the second power signal is at the second voltage level, and the data signal is at the display high voltage level.
6. The pixel driving circuit according to claim 2, wherein in the light emitting period, the control signal is at a low potential, the first power signal is at the second potential, the second power signal is at the second potential, and the data signal is at the reference low potential.
7. The pixel driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first transistor, the second transistor, and the third transistor are each a low-temperature polysilicon thin film transistor, an oxide semiconductor thin film transistor, or an amorphous silicon thin film transistor.
8. The pixel driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein a current flowing through the light emitting device is independent of a threshold voltage of the second transistor.
9. The pixel driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting device is an organic light emitting diode.
10. A display panel comprising the pixel drive circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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