CN109884634A - InSAR phase unwrapping method and system based on classification construction network mode - Google Patents

InSAR phase unwrapping method and system based on classification construction network mode Download PDF

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CN109884634A
CN109884634A CN201910214241.9A CN201910214241A CN109884634A CN 109884634 A CN109884634 A CN 109884634A CN 201910214241 A CN201910214241 A CN 201910214241A CN 109884634 A CN109884634 A CN 109884634A
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许兵
李志伟
王赛
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Central South University
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of InSAR phase unwrapping methods and system based on classification construction network mode, it include: the phase point sequence of different quality to be obtained according to the coherence and multiple parameters of interferometric phase image, and the phase point sequence is divided by level-one point and secondary points according to the difference of quality;Irregular triangle network is constructed to the level-one point, phase unwrapping is carried out according to function model and solves resolving, obtains level-one point disentanglement fruit;Joint network forming is carried out to the level-one point and the secondary points, obtains secondary points disentanglement fruit;Final phase unwrapping result figure is obtained according to the level-one point disentanglement fruit and the secondary points disentanglement fruit.The present invention can be used for that coherence is integrally lower or region in there are the interference pattern of strong noise, overcome the problems, such as to cause solution to twine error by noise region, algorithm is steadily and surely reliable, is easily programmed realization, is conducive to InSAR and carries out more accurate phase unwrapping.

Description

InSAR phase unwrapping method and system based on classification construction network mode
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to synthetic aperture radar interferometry technical field, in particular to a kind of based on classification construction network mode InSAR phase unwrapping method and system.
Background technique
Synthetic Aperture Radar satellite is fast-developing since nearly 20 years, and in-orbit synthetic aperture satellite is more and more, and data are richer It is rich.With the successful launch and application of No. three satellites of Chinese high score, China's low orbit Synthetic Aperture Radar satellite development is indicated Important breakthrough is realized, the radar imagery satellite complete service development of the national economy epoch arrive.Since radar imagery satellite is unique Application advantage and data volume extension, the rush of demand in fields such as resource investigation, the mitigation disaster relief, environmental protections.
Synthetic aperture radar interferometry technology (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, It InSAR) is to combine synthetic aperture radar (Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR) and two kinds of principles of interferometry The technology come obtains the two of ground the same area mainly by two width antennas or two different times but almost parallel observation Width haplopia answers image (single look complex image, SLC), orbit parameter when according to sensor flight and dry Phase information is related to obtain earth's surface elevation information.Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (Synthetic Aperture Radar, D-InSAR) technology be grow up in InSAR technical foundation obtain Ground Deformation amount in imaging time twice Technology.InSAR using its round-the-clock, round-the-clock, high-precision, large-scale advantage as the acquisition of digital elevation model and earthquake, The monitoring of the Ground Deformations such as mining area, landslide provides new means.
To obtain the terrain information or deformation data in earth's surface somewhere, it is necessary to absolute interference phase of this known in image Position, and phase obtained in interference pattern is the main value between-π and π, to obtain true phase must be on this basis 2 π integral multiple of plus/minus, this process are known as phase unwrapping.Phase unwrapping is as one of InSAR key technology, the essence of disentanglement fruit Degree will directly affect the precision of final result.However due to the side view imaging mode of SAR satellite and hypsography etc., thunder Will appear space-time decoherence effect up to interference pattern causes local residue points intensive, and phase unwrapping, which is affected by this, will appear solution and twine mistake Accidentally.How accurately and efficiently phase unwrapping is still current difficult point and hot issue.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides it is a kind of based on classification construction network mode InSAR phase unwrapping method and system, the purpose is to for Solve the problems, such as that there are solutions to twine error propagation in Noise region.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment provides a kind of InSAR phases based on classification construction network mode Unwrapping method, comprising:
Step 1, the phase point sequence of different quality is obtained according to the coherence of interferometric phase image and multiple parameters, and according to The phase point sequence is divided into level-one point and secondary points by the difference of quality;
Step 2, irregular triangle network is constructed to the level-one point, phase unwrapping is carried out according to function model and solves resolving, Obtain level-one point disentanglement fruit;
Step 3, joint network forming is carried out to the level-one point and the secondary points, the level-one point disentanglement fruit is brought into Phase unwrapping is carried out in the function model of secondary points and solves resolving, obtains secondary points disentanglement fruit;
Step 4, final phase unwrapping knot is obtained according to the level-one point disentanglement fruit and the secondary points disentanglement fruit Fruit figure.
Wherein, the step 1 specifically includes:
The residue points in the interferometric phase image are detected, and the residue points are marked carry out exposure mask;
According to the Quality Maps such as the coherence of the interferometric phase image and discrete gradient coefficient, set minimum coherence's threshold value and Quality control threshold;
Coherence is subjected to exposure mask lower than the phase point of minimum coherence's threshold value, further according to quality control threshold by phase point Be divided into high quality level-one point and low-quality secondary points.
Wherein, the step 2 specifically includes:
The winding phase images for being i*j equipped with a size, the principle for carrying out phase recovery is:
Function model are as follows:
Wherein, whereinFor known quantity,For unknown quantity;It is Fixed Initial Point that a phase point, which is arranged, is added Add equationThen observational equation are as follows: V=BX-L;
Wherein, wherein B be size be (n+1) × t matrix, X be length be t number vector to be asked, L be size be (n+ 1) observation vector;
According to criterion of least squares VTPV=min is solved, unknown quantity X=(BTPB)-1BTPL obtains the solution of these phase points Twine phase value, referred to as φA
Wherein, the step 3 specifically includes:
When level-one point and secondary points are evenly distributed in interferometric phase image, successively make secondary points connection and its distance nearest Three level-one points.
Wherein, the step 3 further include:
When the phase masses of uncertain level-one point and secondary points in interferometric phase image are distributed, constituted between secondary points On the basis of irregular triangle network, connect apart from nearest secondary points and level-one point.
The embodiments of the present invention also provide a kind of InSAR phase unwrapping systems based on classification construction network mode, comprising:
Division module obtains the phase point sequence of different quality for the coherence and multiple parameters according to interferometric phase image Column, and the phase point sequence is divided by level-one point and secondary points according to the difference of quality;
First resolves module, for constructing irregular triangle network to the level-one point, carries out phase solution according to function model It twines solution to resolve, obtains level-one point disentanglement fruit;
Second resolves module, for carrying out joint network forming to the level-one point and the secondary points, by the level-one point solution Entanglement fruit, which is brought into the function model of secondary points, carries out phase unwrapping solution resolving, obtains secondary points disentanglement fruit;
Composition module, for obtaining final phase according to the level-one point disentanglement fruit and the secondary points disentanglement fruit Disentanglement fruit figure.
Wherein, the division module includes:
Marking unit is detected, is marked for detecting the residue points in the interferometric phase image, and by the residue points Carry out exposure mask;
Setup unit, for according to Quality Maps such as the coherence of the interferometric phase image and discrete gradient coefficients, setting to be most Low coherence threshold value and quality control threshold;
Division unit, for coherence to be carried out exposure mask lower than the phase point of minimum coherence's threshold value, further according to quality control Threshold value processed by phase point be divided into high quality level-one point and low-quality secondary points.
Wherein, the second resolving module includes:
First network forming unit successively makes secondary points for being evenly distributed in interferometric phase image when level-one point and secondary points The connection three level-one points nearest with its distance;
Second network forming unit, for the phase masses distribution when uncertain level-one point and secondary points in interferometric phase image When, on the basis of irregular triangle network is constituted between secondary points, connect apart from nearest secondary points and level-one point.
Above scheme of the invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The above embodiment of the present invention is answered the interferometric phase that image conjugate multiplication obtains by two width haplopiasIt is folded Phase main value, range (- π, π].Continuous true phase φ and interferometric phaseDiffer 2k π.To obtain accurate height Journey information must be in interferometric phaseOn the basis of obtain accurate lane issue k, to obtain true phase φ.Ideal feelings Under condition, SAR image sampling must satisfy Nyquist sampling thheorem, and the sample frequency of image is higher than twice of signal highest frequency, Wind phaseAdjacent phase difference is less than π, could press certain path to winding phaseIt is integrated to obtain solution and twines phase.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the InSAR phase unwrapping method of the invention based on classification construction network mode;
Fig. 2 is the overall flow figure of the InSAR phase unwrapping method of the invention based on classification construction network mode;
Fig. 3 is the structural block diagram of the InSAR phase unwrapping system of the invention based on classification construction network mode.
Specific embodiment
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool Body embodiment is described in detail.
The present invention has that solution twines error propagation in Noise region existing, provides a kind of based on classification The InSAR phase unwrapping method and system of construction network mode.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the embodiment provides a kind of InSAR phase solutions based on classification construction network mode Twine method, comprising:
Step 1, the phase point sequence of different quality is obtained according to the coherence of interferometric phase image and multiple parameters, and according to The phase point sequence is divided into level-one point and secondary points by the difference of quality;
Step 2, irregular triangle network is constructed to the level-one point, phase unwrapping is carried out according to function model and solves resolving, Obtain level-one point disentanglement fruit;
Step 3, joint network forming is carried out to the level-one point and the secondary points, the level-one point disentanglement fruit is brought into Phase unwrapping is carried out in the function model of secondary points and solves resolving, obtains secondary points disentanglement fruit;
Step 4, final phase unwrapping knot is obtained according to the level-one point disentanglement fruit and the secondary points disentanglement fruit Fruit figure.
InSAR phase unwrapping method based on classification construction network mode described in the above embodiment of the present invention is by two width haplopias The interferometric phase that multiple image (.SLC) conjugate multiplication obtainsFolded phase main value, range (- π, π].Continuously True phase φ and interferometric phaseDiffer 2k π.It must be in interferometric phase to obtain accurate elevation informationOn the basis of obtain Accurate lane issue k is obtained, to obtain true phase φ.Ideally, SAR image sampling must satisfy Nyquist Sampling thheorem, the sample frequency of image are higher than twice of signal highest frequency, i.e. winding phaseAdjacent phase difference is less than π, It can be by certain path to winding phaseIt is integrated to obtain solution and twines phase.
Mathematical principle that solution twines illustrates: assuming that current solution twines phase isWherein i=1,2 ..., M, j=1, 2 ..., N, the first-order difference on line direction and column direction are respectivelyWith
Ideally, not having noisy interference in interferometric phase image, the phase gradient that solution twines front and back should be equal everywhere, And phase gradient absolute value is less than π.Solution twines phase(i, j)First-order difference on line direction and column direction should be with winding phase Corresponding direction first-order difference is consistent, i.e.,
Phase unwrapping objective function based on criterion of least squares are as follows:
Wherein,
Unknown quantity φ is the optimal solution in global scope, meets the relationship of following formula:
(i+1, j)-2φ(i, j)(i-1, j))+(φ(i, j+1)-2φ(i, j)(i, j-1))=ρ(i, j)
Wherein,
Wherein, the step 1 specifically includes:
The residue points in the interferometric phase image are detected, and the residue points are marked carry out exposure mask;
According to the Quality Maps such as the coherence of the interferometric phase image and discrete gradient coefficient, minimum coherence's threshold value C is set1 With quality control threshold C2
Coherence is lower than minimum coherence's threshold value C1Phase point carry out exposure mask, further according to quality control threshold C2By phase Site be divided into high quality level-one point and low-quality secondary points.
Wherein, the step 2 specifically includes:
The winding phase images for being i*j equipped with a size, the principle for carrying out phase recovery is:
Function model are as follows:
Wherein, whereinFor known quantity,For unknown quantity;It is Fixed Initial Point that a phase point, which is arranged, is added Add equationThen observational equation are as follows: V=BX-L;
Wherein, wherein B be size be (n+1) × t matrix, X be length be t number vector to be asked, L be size be (n+ 1) observation vector;
According to criterion of least squares VTPV=min is solved, unknown quantity X=(BTPB)-1BTPL obtains the solution of these phase points Twine phase value, referred to as φA
Wherein, the step 3 specifically includes:
When level-one point and secondary points are evenly distributed in interferometric phase image, successively make secondary points connection and its distance nearest Three level-one points.
Wherein, the step 3 further include:
When the phase masses of uncertain level-one point and secondary points in interferometric phase image are distributed, constituted between secondary points On the basis of irregular triangle network, connect apart from nearest secondary points and level-one point.
Different grades of phase point is marked off according to the coherence of interferometric phase image and other reliability indexs.It carries out first The detection of residue points in interference pattern, the presence of residue points are that most direct solution twines error source, therefore residue points are marked Carry out exposure mask.Then according to the Quality Maps such as coherence and discrete gradient coefficient, minimum coherence's threshold value C is set1With quality control Threshold value C processed2.Coherence is lower than minimum coherence's threshold value C1Phase point carry out exposure mask, according to the quality C of interference pattern1Suggestion Reference value is 0.1-0.5.Further according to quality control threshold C2Phase point is divided into high and low quality two parts, C2Suggestion reference value For 0.6-0.9.Obtained different quality phase point we be referred to as level-one point and secondary points respectively.Final exposure mask situation by Following equation definition:
In order to be uniformly distributed level-one point in image, some algorithms in our set distance threshold values and morphology are to one Grade point and the distribution of secondary points are detected, and level-one point existing for isolated presence or isolated island form is rejected.Apart from threshold Value is the standard for judging whether the segmental arc of the delaunay triangulation network constituted between level-one point is too long, if around its connection of certain point The segmental arc length of phase point is all too long, then can be determined that this point is isolated existing high coherent phase site, even if its coherence is high, But due to too far from other high quality phase points, it may be possible to the high either coherence of coherence caused by radar incident direction Estimate mistake, the phase value of this kind of point is simultaneously unreliable, needs to be rejected in the sequence of level-one point, this detection method is also suitable In island effect, we define isolated island be it is a small amount of, apart from surrounding, other put farther away level-one points.Specific detection process is, Expansion scale in morphology is set as to the half of distance threshold according to distance threshold, level-one point distribution map is subjected to dilation operation Connected domain binary map is obtained, then removes the part that connected domain area is less than isolated island area, is included in remaining connected domain binary map Interior level-one point is final level-one point.Second level point sequence is that the phase point that all participation solutions twine subtracts level-one point.
It is basic model with the segmental arc that the delaunay triangulation network of level-one point is connected, withTrue value is indicated, with Δ νpCome Indicate that solution twines the increment of front and back phase gradient.Function model: WhereinI.e.For known quantity,For unknown quantity.It is Fixed Initial Point that a phase point, which is arranged, adds equation Then establish following equation:
If the phase point for participating in the building triangulation network for the first time is t, n segmental arc is shared in Triangulation Network Model, above formula can letter V=BX-L is turned to, wherein B is the matrix that size is (n+1) × t, and X is the number vector to be asked that length is t, and L is that size is (n+ 1) observation vector.Corresponding power battle array is the diagonal matrix P that size is (n+1) × (n+1),C For the coherence value of each phase point.What last line represented is known date, weight 1.
According to criterion of least squares VTPV=min is solved, unknown quantity X=(BTPB)-1BTPL obtains the solution of these phase points Twine phase value, referred to as φA.Use the pre- solution conjugate gradient (Preconditioned having in Matlab computational science software Conjugate gradients method, PCG) method, Biconjugate gradient (Biconjugate gradients method, BICG) method can rapid solving reliable results, resolve sparse vectors in add iteration threshold ε, ε=10-8
High due to participating in the phase point mass that solution twines for the first time, noise is low, and obtained disentanglement fruit is accurate and reliable.Second Secondary solution using the disentanglement fruit of these phase points as given value can improve accuracy during twining to constrain secondary solution.The Secondary solution twine in all phase points building irregular triangle network for participating in phase unwrappings, we can be there are two types of network forming side herein Formula can independently be selected according to quality of image situation.When level-one point and secondary points are all evenly distributed in the picture, each other In the presence of intersection, the network forming strategy that can be used is successively to connect three nearest level-one points of its distance for secondary points.When not When determining that phase masses are distributed in image, full network forming mode can be used, i.e., constitutes irregular triangle network basis between secondary points It is upper to reconnect nearest secondary points and level-one point.
Promising two class of segmental arc in current Triangulation Network Model, one kind are not resolved by the level-one point connection resolved Secondary points, one kind is that the secondary points not resolved by two are connected.We add level-one point solution and twine constraint here, for the first time Disentanglement fruit φAThis solution, which is participated in, as given value twines resolving.
A-b segmental arc as shown in the figure, the relational expression between phase are as follows:
B-c segmental arc, the relational expression between phase are as follows:
A-c segmental arc, the relational expression between phase are as follows:
Wherein φbIt is the disentanglement fruit of this phase point for the first time.
According to such relationship, following equation can establish:
Similarly, according to criterion of least squares VTPV=min solves unknown quantity X=(BTPB)-1BTPL obtains these phases The solution of point twines phase value, referred to as φB, it is identical that the calculation method of Quan Zhen P and first time solution twine process, no longer illustrates herein.φBIt is Sparse disentanglement fruit of the Low coherence phase in interferometric phase image, finally in former image position by φAWith φBIn conjunction with obtaining most Last phase position disentanglement fruit figure.
At least there are level-one point or secondary points to be connected in this triangle mesh model, around each secondary points, especially When using full network forming model, redundant observation is abundant, and solving result is reliable for it.High quality phase point and remaining low-quality phase Site constitutes the triangulation network again and is settled accounts, since there are high quality points around low quality phase point as control point, Disentanglement fruit accuracy rate improves, and the disentanglement fruit error of noise spot is not transferred to surrounding at the same time.
As shown in figure 3, the embodiments of the present invention also provide a kind of InSAR phase unwrapping systems based on classification construction network mode System, comprising:
Division module obtains the phase point sequence of different quality for the coherence and multiple parameters according to interferometric phase image Column, and the phase point sequence is divided by level-one point and secondary points according to the difference of quality;
First resolves module, for constructing irregular triangle network to the level-one point, carries out phase solution according to function model It twines solution to resolve, obtains level-one point disentanglement fruit;
Second resolves module, for carrying out joint network forming to the level-one point and the secondary points, by the level-one point solution Entanglement fruit, which is brought into the function model of secondary points, carries out phase unwrapping solution resolving, obtains secondary points disentanglement fruit;
Composition module, for obtaining final phase according to the level-one point disentanglement fruit and the secondary points disentanglement fruit Disentanglement fruit figure.
Wherein, the division module includes:
Marking unit is detected, is marked for detecting the residue points in the interferometric phase image, and by the residue points Carry out exposure mask;
Setup unit, for according to Quality Maps such as the coherence of the interferometric phase image and discrete gradient coefficients, setting to be most Low coherence threshold value C1With quality control threshold C2
Division unit, for coherence to be lower than minimum coherence's threshold value C1Phase point carry out exposure mask, further according to quality Control threshold C2By phase point be divided into high quality level-one point and low-quality secondary points.
Wherein, the second resolving module includes:
First network forming unit successively makes secondary points for being evenly distributed in interferometric phase image when level-one point and secondary points The connection three level-one points nearest with its distance;
Second network forming unit, for the phase masses distribution when uncertain level-one point and secondary points in interferometric phase image When, on the basis of irregular triangle network is constituted between secondary points, connect apart from nearest secondary points and level-one point.
InSAR phase unwrapping method and system based on classification construction network mode described in the above embodiment of the present invention is by two Width haplopia answers the interferometric phase that image (.SLC) conjugate multiplication obtainsFolded phase main value, range (- π, π]. Continuous true phase φ and interferometric phaseDiffer 2k π.It must be in interferometric phase to obtain accurate elevation information's On the basis of obtain accurate lane issue k, to obtain true phase φ.Ideally, SAR image sampling must satisfy Nyquist sampling thheorem, the sample frequency of image are higher than twice of signal highest frequency, i.e. winding phaseAdjacent phase difference is small In π, certain path could be pressed to winding phaseIt is integrated to obtain solution and twines phase, cause solution to twine by noise region to overcome The problem of error, algorithm is steadily and surely reliable, is easily programmed realization, is conducive to InSAR and carries out more accurate phase unwrapping.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art For, without departing from the principles of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of InSAR phase unwrapping method based on classification construction network mode characterized by comprising
Step 1, the phase point sequence of different quality is obtained according to the coherence of interferometric phase image and multiple parameters, and according to quality Difference the phase point sequence is divided into level-one point and secondary points;
Step 2, irregular triangle network is constructed to the level-one point, phase unwrapping is carried out according to function model and solves resolving, is obtained Level-one point disentanglement fruit;
Step 3, joint network forming is carried out to the level-one point and the secondary points, the level-one point disentanglement fruit is brought into second level Phase unwrapping is carried out in the function model of point and solves resolving, obtains secondary points disentanglement fruit;
Step 4, final phase unwrapping result figure is obtained according to the level-one point disentanglement fruit and the secondary points disentanglement fruit.
2. the InSAR phase unwrapping method according to claim 1 based on classification construction network mode, which is characterized in that described Step 1 specifically includes:
The residue points in the interferometric phase image are detected, and the residue points are marked carry out exposure mask;
According to the Quality Maps such as the coherence of the interferometric phase image and discrete gradient coefficient, minimum coherence's threshold value and quality are set Control threshold;
Coherence is subjected to exposure mask lower than the phase point of minimum coherence's threshold value, is divided into phase point further according to quality control threshold The level-one point of high quality and low-quality secondary points.
3. the InSAR phase unwrapping method according to claim 2 based on classification construction network mode, which is characterized in that described Step 2 specifically includes:
The winding phase images for being i*j equipped with a size, the principle for carrying out phase recovery is:
Function model are as follows:
Wherein, whereinFor known quantity,For unknown quantity;It is Fixed Initial Point, addition etc. that a phase point, which is arranged, FormulaThen observational equation are as follows: V=BX-L;
Wherein, wherein B be size be (n+1) × t matrix, X be length be t number vector to be asked, L be size be (n+1) Observation vector;
According to criterion of least squares VTPV=min is solved, unknown quantity X=(BTPB)-1BTThe solution that PL obtains these phase points twines phase Place value, referred to as φA
4. the InSAR phase unwrapping method according to claim 3 based on classification construction network mode, which is characterized in that described Step 3 specifically includes:
When level-one point and secondary points are evenly distributed in interferometric phase image, successively make three that secondary points connection is nearest with its distance Level-one point.
5. the InSAR phase unwrapping method according to claim 4 based on classification construction network mode, which is characterized in that described Step 3 further include:
When the phase masses of uncertain level-one point and secondary points in interferometric phase image are distributed, constitute between secondary points and do not advise Then on the basis of the triangulation network, connect apart from nearest secondary points and level-one point.
6. a kind of InSAR phase unwrapping system based on classification construction network mode characterized by comprising
Division module obtains the phase point sequence of different quality for the coherence and multiple parameters according to interferometric phase image, and The phase point sequence is divided into level-one point and secondary points according to the difference of quality;
First resolves module, for constructing irregular triangle network to the level-one point, carries out phase unwrapping according to function model and asks Solution resolves, and obtains level-one point disentanglement fruit;
Second resolves module, for carrying out joint network forming to the level-one point and the secondary points, by the level-one point disentanglement Fruit, which is brought into the function model of secondary points, carries out phase unwrapping solution resolving, obtains secondary points disentanglement fruit;
Composition module, for obtaining final phase unwrapping according to the level-one point disentanglement fruit and the secondary points disentanglement fruit Result figure.
7. the InSAR phase unwrapping method according to claim 6 based on classification construction network mode, which is characterized in that described Division module includes:
Marking unit is detected, is marked progress for detecting the residue points in the interferometric phase image, and by the residue points Exposure mask;
Setup unit, for setting minimum phase according to Quality Maps such as the coherence of the interferometric phase image and discrete gradient coefficients Stemness threshold value and quality control threshold;
Division unit controls threshold further according to quality for coherence to be carried out exposure mask lower than the phase point of minimum coherence's threshold value Value by phase point be divided into high quality level-one point and low-quality secondary points.
8. the InSAR phase unwrapping method according to claim 6 based on classification construction network mode, which is characterized in that described Second, which resolves module, includes:
First network forming unit successively connects secondary points for being evenly distributed in interferometric phase image when level-one point and secondary points Three nearest level-one points with its distance;
Second network forming unit, for when the phase masses distribution in interferometric phase image of uncertain level-one point and secondary points, On the basis of constituting irregular triangle network between secondary points, connect apart from nearest secondary points and level-one point.
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