CN109884581A - A kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of Terahertz based on General Cell - Google Patents
A kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of Terahertz based on General Cell Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding methods of Terahertz based on General Cell, comprising the following steps: array is randomly generated, and records aerial position；Spatial sampling frequencies vector is calculated according to aerial position；Calculate the correlation output vector of all antennas；The radiation space range of radiation source is subjected to sliding-model control；It constructs compressed sensing and measures equation；Convex optimal reconfiguration obtains terahertz emission source space angle.The present invention is based on terahertz emission source airspace sparse characteristics, applied compression perception principle carries out array signal processing, wide airspace direction finding of any battle array realization to terahertz emission source can be used, minimum antenna spacing is not required to be less than half-wavelength, array arrangement is not also required, preferably solve because Terahertz wavelength it is too short caused by wide airspace direction finding problem.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of using any the present invention relates to the direction-finding method technical field in terahertz emission source
Array realizes the wide airspace passive direction finding method to terahertz emission source.
Background technique
THz wave refers to one section electromagnetic wave of the frequency within the scope of 0.1THz-10THz, current THz source, Terahertz
The development of detector and Terahertz function element makes it in fields such as communication, radar detection, safety checks using gradually increasing, therefore
Research is highly desirable for the passive direction finding method in terahertz emission source.But common passive direction finding method such as interferometer is surveyed
It is based on airspace Fourier transformation sampling principle, in order to realize wide airspace direction finding, it is desirable that passive survey to, Space ball etc.
It is less than half-wavelength to array minimum antenna spacing, and requirement is arranged with to array.And the frequency of THz wave is very high, wavelength is general
In submillimeter magnitude, antenna spacing is difficult to meet half-wavelength requirement, therefore conventional direction-finding method is difficult to realize to terahertz emission
The wide airspace direction finding in source.
Therefore, how a kind of pair of antenna spacing and the wide airspace passive direction finding side of Terahertz of the array without particular/special requirement are provided
The problem of method is those skilled in the art's urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of Terahertz based on General Cell, the party
General Cell combination compressed sensing technology can be used to realize wide airspace direction finding for method, without minimum antenna pitch requirements, arrange antenna
Column also do not require, and provide a kind of feasible way for restricted clearance and THz wave direction finding.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of Terahertz based on General Cell, comprising the following steps:
S1: one-dimensional aerial array is formed using N number of antenna, and records aerial position yi, i=1,2 ..., N；
S2: according to aerial position, spatial sampling frequencies u is obtainedmn, and construct spatial sampling frequencies vector u；
S3: according to the signal of the received terahertz emission source radiation of N number of antenna, obtaining the road N analog signal, and by the road N mould
Quasi- signal is converted to N railway digital complex signal xi(t)；Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, t are discrete-time variable, and N is whole greater than 3
Number；
S4: any two-way digital complex signal x is selectedn(t)、xm(t), 1≤n≤m≤N calculates its correlation output Rnm, and root
According to the sequential build correlation output vector R of n and m；
S5: obtaining the correlation output of system noise when not having a terahertz emission source in airspace, and statistical correlation output
Noise variance
S6: the radiation space range of radiation source is subjected to sliding-model control, the space point of building terahertz emission source power
Cloth vector P；
S7: equation is measured according to the compressed sensing of output vector R and spatial distribution vector P building General Cell；
S8: convex optimal reconfiguration is carried out to compressed sensing measurement equation, obtains terahertz emission source space angle.
It can be seen via above technical scheme that compared with prior art, the present invention replaces original by using compressed sensing
Fourier's Space domain sampling thought, the airspace sparse characteristic based on terahertz emission source, using any battle array realize to Terahertz spoke
The wide airspace direction finding for penetrating source, structuring the formation minimum antenna spacing and antenna, it is very low to require.
Preferably, in a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of above-mentioned Terahertz based on General Cell, in step S1
One-dimensional aerial array is the aerial array arrangement generated at random or a specific aerial array row is arranged according to space constraint of structuring the formation
Cloth.
Preferably, in a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of above-mentioned Terahertz based on General Cell, which is characterized in that
Step S2 includes:
S21: two antennas are extracted according to putting in order for antenna, calculate spatial sampling frequencies u according to the following formulanm:
unm=ym-yn；
Wherein, ymIndicate the position of m-th of antenna, ynIndicate the position of n-th of antenna；
S22: according to the sequential build spatial sampling frequencies vector u of n and m, formula is as follows:
Include l element in the formula, and meets 1≤l≤L, L=(N-1) N/2.
Preferably, the N in a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of above-mentioned Terahertz based on General Cell, in step S3
Road analog signal is amplified, filtered, downconverted and analog-to-digital conversion is transformed to N railway digital complex signal xi(t)。
Preferably, in a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of above-mentioned Terahertz based on General Cell, R in step S4nm
Calculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein, E [] indicates that the time is average, and subscript * indicates complex conjugate；
The calculation formula of R is as follows:
Include l element in the formula, and meets 1≤l≤L.
Preferably, in a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of above-mentioned Terahertz based on General Cell, step S6 includes:
S61: the radiation space range (- 1,1) of radiation source is divided into K equal portions, obtains the radiation source at each spatial position
Power P (ξk), ξkThe direction cosines of representation space angle, k=1,2 ..., K；
S62: the spatial distribution vector P of building terahertz emission source power, vector P are expressed as follows:
Preferably, in a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of above-mentioned Terahertz based on General Cell, step S7 includes:
S71: building sensing matrix A, formula are as follows:
Wherein, j indicates imaginary part, u1、u2、...uLRespectively indicate the 1st element of spatial sampling frequencies vector u, the 2nd member
Element ... l-th element.
S72: constructing the compressed sensing measurement equation of General Cell, and formula is as follows:
R=AP.
Preferably, in a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of above-mentioned Terahertz based on General Cell, in step S8
Optimized model are as follows:
min||P||1 s.t.||AP-R||2≤dSNRσR
Wherein, dSNRFor signal-to-noise ratio, s.t. indicates behind to be constraint function.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 attached drawing is a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method flow of Terahertz based on General Cell provided by the invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 attached drawing is the structural schematic diagram of Terahertz array received system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 attached drawing utilizes a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method pair of Terahertz based on General Cell to be provided by the invention
The result of -80 ° of space angle reconstruct.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding sides of the Terahertz based on General Cell
Method, comprising the following steps:
S1: one-dimensional aerial array is formed using N number of antenna, and records aerial position yi, i=1,2 ..., N；
S2: according to aerial position, spatial sampling frequencies u is obtainedmn, and construct spatial sampling frequencies vector u；
S3: according to the signal of the received terahertz emission source radiation of N number of antenna, obtaining the road N analog signal, and by the road N mould
Quasi- signal is converted to N railway digital complex signal xi(t)；Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, t are discrete-time variable, and N is whole greater than 3
Number；
S4: any two-way digital complex signal x is selectedn(t)、xm(t), 1≤n≤m≤N calculates its correlation output Rnm, and root
According to the sequential build correlation output vector R of n and m；
S5: obtaining the correlation output of system noise when not having a terahertz emission source in airspace, and statistical correlation output
Noise variance
S6: the radiation space range of radiation source is subjected to sliding-model control, the space point of building terahertz emission source power
Cloth vector P；
S7: equation is measured according to the compressed sensing of output vector R and spatial distribution vector P building General Cell；
S8: convex optimal reconfiguration is carried out to compressed sensing measurement equation, obtains terahertz emission source space angle.
The present invention is based on terahertz emission source airspace sparse characteristic, applied compression perception principle carries out array signal processing,
Wide airspace direction finding of any battle array realization to terahertz emission source can be used, do not require minimum antenna spacing to be less than half-wavelength, be poised for battle
Column arrangement does not also require, and preferably solves the problems, such as because wide airspace direction finding caused by Terahertz wavelength is too short is not accurate.
It is described in detail below for above step.
S1: forming one-dimensional aerial array using N number of antenna, random to generate an aerial array arrangement, can also be according to cloth
A specific antenna element is arranged in battle array space constraint.N number of random number value can specifically be made by generating one group of N number of random number
For aerial array position, the wavelength normalization position of N number of antenna is yi, i=1,2 ..., N.
S2: according to aerial position, spatial sampling frequencies u is obtainedmn, and construct spatial sampling frequencies vector u；
S21: two antennas are extracted according to putting in order for antenna, calculate the antenna between two antennas using formula (1)
Spacing obtains spatial sampling frequencies umn。
unm=ym-yn(1)；
S22: according to the sequential build spatial sampling frequencies vector u of n and m, as shown in formula (2):
For ease of description, first of element of vector u, is denoted as ul, 1≤l≤L, L=(N-1) N/2.
S3: the received analog signal of each antenna is converted into Ei digital signal, according to the received terahertz emission source of N number of antenna
The signal of radiation obtains the road N analog signal, and by the road N analog signal is amplified, filtered, downconverted and analog-to-digital conversion is transformed to N
Railway digital complex signal xi(t)；Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, t are discrete-time variable, and N is the integer greater than 3.
Specifically, the present invention carries out analog-to-digital conversion using Terahertz array received system, as shown in Fig. 2, Terahertz array
Reception system amplifies filter module, synchronous acquisition module by aerial array, amplifier, filter, down conversion module, intermediate frequency
It is constituted with signal processing module；For receiving terahertz emission source signal, amplifier and filter are respectively used to radiation antenna
Source signal is amplified and is filtered, down conversion module by filtered signal from Terahertz frequency translation to intermediate frequency, and by intermediate frequency
Amplification filter module amplifies filtering processing to intermediate-freuqncy signal；Synchronous acquisition module is for completing to the same of the road N analog signal
Step acquisition.Signal processing module has been used for the analog-to-digital conversion of pair signals, and completes relevant treatment and compressed sensing reconstruction processing
Process.
S4: any two-way digital complex signal x is selectedn(t)、xm(t), 1≤n≤m≤N calculates its correlation using formula (3)
Export Rnm:
Wherein, E [] indicates that the time is average, and subscript * indicates complex conjugate；
According to the sequential build correlation output vector R of n and m, as shown in formula (4):
For ease of description, first of element of vector R, is denoted as Rl, and meet 1≤l≤L, L=(N-1) N/2.
S5: measuring system correlation output noise power is measured when not having terahertz emission source in airspace according to step S4
System noise correlation output, statistical correlation output noise variance, be denoted as
According to there are correlation outputs when terahertz emission source in formula (3) and formula (4) measurement airspace, and obtain its phase
Close output vector R.
S6: the radiation space range of radiation source is subjected to sliding-model control, the space point of building terahertz emission source power
Cloth vector P；
S61: the radiation space range (- 1,1) of radiation source is divided into K equal portions, obtains the radiation source at each spatial position
Power P (ξk), ξkThe direction cosines of representation space angle, k=1,2 ..., K；
S62: the spatial distribution vector P of building terahertz emission source power, shown in the expression of vector P such as formula (5):
Since the radiation source number in space is limited, the spatial distribution vector of power of radiation source be it is sparse,
Most elements value in vector P is 0, and only a small number of values are not 0.
S7: equation is measured according to the compressed sensing of output vector R and spatial distribution vector P building General Cell；
S71: the spatial sampling frequencies u obtained according to step S2mnWith the view field space of the step S6 radiation source divided, building
Sensing matrix A, specific as shown in formula (6):
Wherein, j indicates imaginary part, u1、u2、...uLRespectively indicate the 1st element of spatial sampling frequencies vector u, the 2nd member
Element ... l-th element.
S72: constructing the compressed sensing measurement equation of General Cell, specific as shown in formula (7):
R=AP (7).
Wherein, vector P is sparse vector.
S8: convex optimal reconfiguration is carried out to compressed sensing measurement equation, obtains terahertz emission source space angle.
Using conventional convex optimized algorithm can from correlation output vector R and perception matrix A in high probability reconstruct it is sparse to
P is measured, shown in Optimized model such as formula (8):
min||P||1 s.t.||AP-R||2≤dSNRσR(8)；
Wherein, dSNRFor signal-to-noise ratio, s.t. indicates behind to be constraint function.
Below by the wide airspace passive direction finding method energy of the verification experimental verification Terahertz provided by the invention based on General Cell
The angle in enough accurate reconstruction terahertz emission sources.
1, testing equipment:
1) unit 8 Terahertz array received system, design parameter are as follows:
Service band: 0.1THz；
Bay number: 8；
One group of antenna alignment is generated at random, and wavelength normalization antenna spacing is as follows: [08.79.911.615.716.3 19.1
23.0]；
2) signal source 1:
Using signal source, setting working frequency is 0.1THz, is connected with Terahertz antenna as terahertz emission source, radiation
Power 10dBm.
2, experimentation and result
Terahertz emission source is placed at distance arrays 10m, angle is 70 °；Radiation source is closed, array system noise is measured
Correlation output, statistical correlation output variance；Then radiation source is opened, terahertz emission signal is received, obtains 28 correlation outputs,
Entire space [- 80 °, 80 °] are divided into 114 parts, it is reconstruct as a result, reconstruct angle is 69.8 ° that detection signal-to-noise ratio, which takes 10dB, Fig. 3,
With the actual angle in terahertz emission source than more consistent, illustrate that this method is capable of the angle in accurate reconstruction terahertz emission source.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment
For, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is said referring to method part
It is bright.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of Terahertz based on General Cell, which comprises the following steps:
S1: one-dimensional aerial array is formed using N number of antenna, and records aerial position yi, i=1,2 ..., N；
S2: according to aerial position, spatial sampling frequencies u is obtainedmn, and construct spatial sampling frequencies vector u；
S3: according to the signal of the received terahertz emission source radiation of N number of antenna, the road N analog signal is obtained, and the road N is simulated and is believed
Number be converted to N railway digital complex signal xi(t)；Wherein i=1,2 ..., N, t are discrete-time variable, and N is the integer greater than 3；
S4: any two-way digital complex signal x is selectedn(t)、xm(t), 1≤n≤m≤N calculates its correlation output Rnm, and according to n and
The sequential build correlation output vector R of m；
S5: the correlation output of system noise when not having terahertz emission source in airspace, and the noise of statistical correlation output are obtained
Variance
S6: carrying out sliding-model control for the radiation space range of radiation source, construct the spatial distribution of terahertz emission source power to
Measure P；
S7: equation is measured according to the compressed sensing of output vector R and spatial distribution vector P building General Cell；
S8: convex optimal reconfiguration is carried out to compressed sensing measurement equation, obtains terahertz emission source space angle.
2. a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of Terahertz based on General Cell according to claim 1, feature exist
In the one-dimensional aerial array in step S1 is the aerial array arrangement generated at random or a tool is arranged according to space constraint of structuring the formation
Body antenna array arrangement.
3. a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of Terahertz based on General Cell according to claim 1, feature exist
In step S2 includes:
S21: two antennas are extracted according to putting in order for antenna, calculate spatial sampling frequencies u according to the following formulanm:
unm=ym-yn；
Wherein, ymIndicate the position of m-th of antenna, ynIndicate the position of n-th of antenna；
S22: according to the sequential build spatial sampling frequencies vector u of n and m, formula is as follows:
Include l element in the formula, and meets 1≤l≤L, L=(N-1) N/2.
4. a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of Terahertz based on General Cell according to claim 1, feature exist
In the road the N analog signal in step S3 is amplified, filtered, downconverted and analog-to-digital conversion is transformed to N railway digital complex signal xi(t)。
5. a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of Terahertz based on General Cell according to claim 3, feature exist
In R in step S4nmCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein, E [] indicates that the time is average, and subscript * indicates complex conjugate；
The calculation formula of R is as follows:
Include l element in the formula, and meets 1≤l≤L.
6. a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of Terahertz based on General Cell according to claim 5, feature exist
In step S6 includes:
S61: the radiation space range (- 1,1) of radiation source is divided into K equal portions, obtains the power of radiation source P at each spatial position
(ξk), ξkThe direction cosines of representation space angle, k=1,2 ..., K；
S62: the spatial distribution vector P of building terahertz emission source power, vector P are expressed as follows:
7. a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of Terahertz based on General Cell according to claim 6, feature exist
In step S7 includes:
S71: building sensing matrix A, formula are as follows:
Wherein, j indicates imaginary part, u1、u2、...uLRespectively indicate the 1st element of spatial sampling frequencies vector u, the 2nd member
Element ... l-th element.
S72: constructing the compressed sensing measurement equation of General Cell, and formula is as follows:
R=AP.
8. a kind of wide airspace passive direction finding method of Terahertz based on General Cell according to claim 7, feature exist
In Optimized model in step S8 are as follows:
min||P||1s.t.||AP-R||2≤dSNRσR
Wherein, dSNRFor signal-to-noise ratio.
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