CN109884129B - Device and method for detecting thermite welding quality of steel rail - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting thermite welding quality of steel rail Download PDFInfo
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- CN109884129B CN109884129B CN201910235766.0A CN201910235766A CN109884129B CN 109884129 B CN109884129 B CN 109884129B CN 201910235766 A CN201910235766 A CN 201910235766A CN 109884129 B CN109884129 B CN 109884129B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting the thermite welding quality of a steel rail, which comprises four conductive steel brush wheels, a rotating shaft lever, a driving motor, an excitation power supply and a signal receiving processor, wherein alternating current excitation is implemented by utilizing the conductive action of the conductive steel brush wheels, potential difference signals at two sides of the welding position of a detected thermite welding steel rail workpiece are received, and the quality of the welding position of the detected thermite welding steel rail workpiece is indirectly judged by comparing the potential difference values with normal potential difference values at two sides of the welding position of a standard thermite welding steel rail workpiece; the invention is specially used for detecting the thermite welding quality of the steel rail, and has the advantages of simplicity, easy operation and reliable detection result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nondestructive testing device and a nondestructive testing method, in particular to a device and a method for detecting the thermite welding quality of a steel rail.
Background
The method for welding the steel rail by using thermit reaction is a technical means generally adopted by the prior rail transit, but a rapid, simple and convenient nondestructive testing method for testing the welding quality is not available so far. Although, in principle, the ultrasonic flaw detection method is available, the ultrasonic flaw detection has high requirements on the surface state and is not easy to implement; the magnetic powder inspection method can also be used, but the quality defect of the rail bottom position at the welding position is difficult to detect; while the magnetic flux leakage method or eddy current method has not very high requirements on the surface, it is easy to generate false alarm or false alarm for a large number of irregular welding beading current situations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a simple, easy and reliable nondestructive testing device and method to effectively test the thermite welding quality of steel rails.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background section above by providing a device and a method for detecting the thermite welding quality of steel rails.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a detection apparatus for rail thermite welding quality, includes four conductive steel brush wheels, rotatory axostylus axostyle, driving motor, excitation power, signal reception treater, its characterized in that: the four conductive steel brush wheels are movably arranged on one side of the rotating shaft rod; the driving motor is fixedly arranged at the front end of the other side of the rotating shaft rod and is used for driving the four conductive steel brush wheels to rotate; the excitation power supply is electrically connected with two conductive steel brush wheels positioned on the outer side of the four conductive steel brush wheels; and the signal receiving processor is electrically connected with two conductive steel brush wheels positioned in the middle of the four conductive steel brush wheels.
A detection method for the thermite welding quality of a steel rail adopts the device, and is characterized in that: comprises two processes of calibration and actual measurement,
the calibration process comprises the following steps of,
a. selecting a defect-free thermite welded steel rail workpiece which is inspected and qualified in quality as a standard thermite welded steel rail workpiece;
b. c, respectively symmetrically and vertically pressing two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the outer side and two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the middle side of four conductive steel brush wheels movably arranged on a rotating shaft rod in the detection device to two sides of the surface of the welding part of the standard thermite welding steel rail workpiece in the step a;
c. starting an excitation power supply, applying alternating current excitation to one end of two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the outer side of the four conductive steel brush wheels, measuring and receiving potential signals at two ends of two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the middle of the four conductive steel brush wheels by using a signal receiving processor at the same time, so that a normal potential difference value at two ends of a welding part of a standard thermite welded steel rail workpiece without quality defects can be obtained, and storing the normal potential difference value at two ends of the welding part of the standard thermite welded steel rail workpiece by using the signal receiving processor as a calibration potential difference value;
the actual measurement process is that,
d. two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the outer side and two conductive steel brush wheels positioned in the middle of four conductive steel brush wheels movably arranged on a rotating shaft rod in a detection device are respectively symmetrically and vertically pressed and placed on two sides of the surface of the welding part of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece;
e. starting a driving motor, wherein the driving motor drives four conductive steel brush wheels on a rotating shaft rod to rotate so as to clean dirt and oxides on the surface of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece, so that the four conductive steel brush wheels are ensured to be in good contact with the surface of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece;
f. starting an excitation power supply, applying alternating current excitation to one end of two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the outer side of the four conductive steel brush wheels, and measuring and receiving potential signals at two ends of two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the middle of the four conductive steel brush wheels by using a signal receiving processor so as to obtain a potential difference value at two ends of a welding part of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece;
g. and (c) comparing the potential difference value of the two ends of the welding position of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece measured in the step (f) with the calibration potential difference value in the step (c), if the measured potential difference value of the two ends of the welding position of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece is larger than the calibration potential difference value, judging that the welding position of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece has defects and the welding quality is unqualified, and if the measured potential difference value of the two ends of the welding position of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece is equal to the calibration potential difference value, judging that the welding position of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece has no defects and the welding quality is intact.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the device and the method for detecting the thermite welding quality of the steel rail comprise four conductive steel brush wheels, a rotating shaft rod, a driving motor, an excitation power supply and a signal receiving processor, wherein alternating current excitation is implemented by utilizing the conductive action of the conductive steel brush wheels, potential difference signals at two sides of the welding position of a detected thermite welding steel rail workpiece are received, and the quality of the welding position of the detected thermite welding steel rail workpiece is indirectly judged by comparing with the normal potential difference value at two sides of the welding position of a standard thermite welding steel rail workpiece; the invention is specially used for detecting the thermite welding quality of the steel rail, and has the advantages of simplicity, easy operation and reliable detection result.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the apparatus and method for detecting the quality of thermite welding of steel rails according to the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device and a method for detecting the quality of thermite welding of a steel rail according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of four conductive steel brush wheels, a rotating shaft, and a driving motor in the detection apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison between the potential difference value at the two ends of the welded part of the detected thermite welded rail workpiece and the calibration potential difference value according to the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, 1, four conductive steel brush wheels, 11, two outer conductive steel brush wheels, 12, two middle conductive steel brush wheels, 2, a rotating shaft rod, 3, a driving motor, 4, an excitation power supply, 5, a signal processing receiver, 6, a steel rail, 60, a welding position, A, a calibration potential difference value, B1, a potential difference value of two ends of the welding position of a detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece is larger than the calibration potential difference value, B2, and a potential difference value of two ends of the welding position of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece is equal to the calibration potential difference value.
Detailed Description
Embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 3, a device for detecting the quality of thermite welding of a steel rail includes four conductive steel brush wheels 1, a rotating shaft 2, a driving motor 3, an excitation power source 4, and a signal receiving processor 5, and is characterized in that: the four conductive steel brush wheels 1 are movably arranged on one side of the rotating shaft rod 2; the driving motor 3 is fixedly arranged at the front end of the other side of the rotating shaft rod 2 and is used for driving the four conductive steel brush wheels 1 to rotate; the excitation power source 4 is electrically connected with two conductive steel brush wheels 11 positioned at the outer side in the four conductive steel brush wheels 1; the signal receiving processor 5 is electrically connected with two conductive steel brush wheels 12 positioned in the middle of the four conductive steel brush wheels 1.
A detection method for the thermite welding quality of a steel rail adopts the device, and is characterized in that: comprises two processes of calibration and actual measurement,
the calibration process comprises the following steps of,
a. selecting a defect-free thermite welded steel rail 6 workpiece which is inspected and qualified in quality as a standard thermite welded steel rail 6 workpiece;
b. respectively symmetrically and vertically pressing two conductive steel brush wheels 11 positioned at the outer side and two conductive steel brush wheels 12 positioned at the middle side of the four conductive steel brush wheels 1 movably arranged on the rotating shaft rod 2 in the detection device to two sides of the surface of a welding part 60 of the standard thermite welding steel rail 6 workpiece placed in the step a;
c. starting an excitation power supply 4, applying alternating current excitation to one end of two conductive steel brush wheels 11 positioned at the outer side in the four conductive steel brush wheels 1, measuring and receiving potential signals at two ends of two conductive steel brush wheels 12 positioned at the middle in the four conductive steel brush wheels 1 by using a signal receiving processor 5 at the same time, so that a normal potential difference value at two ends of a welding part 60 of a standard thermite welded steel rail 6 workpiece without quality defects can be obtained, and storing the normal potential difference value at two ends of the welding part 60 of the standard thermite welded steel rail 6 workpiece by using the signal receiving processor 5 as a calibrated potential difference value A;
the actual measurement process is that,
d. two conductive steel brush wheels 11 positioned at the outer side and two conductive steel brush wheels 12 positioned at the middle part in four conductive steel brush wheels 1 movably arranged on a rotating shaft lever 2 in the detection device are respectively symmetrically and vertically pressed and placed at two sides of the surface of a welding part 60 of a detected thermite welded steel rail 6 workpiece;
e. starting a driving motor 3, wherein the driving motor 3 drives four conductive steel brush wheels 1 on a rotating shaft 2 to rotate so as to clean dirt and oxides on the surface of the workpiece of the detected thermite welded steel rail 6, and thus, the four conductive steel brush wheels 1 are ensured to be in good contact with the surface of the workpiece of the detected thermite welded steel rail 6;
f. starting an excitation power supply 4, applying alternating current excitation to one end of two conductive steel brush wheels 11 positioned at the outer side in the four conductive steel brush wheels 1, and simultaneously measuring and receiving potential signals of two ends of two conductive steel brush wheels 12 positioned at the middle in the four conductive steel brush wheels 1 by using a signal receiving processor 5 to obtain a potential difference value of two ends of a welding part 60 of a detected thermite welded steel rail 6 workpiece;
g. and (c) comparing the potential difference value of the two ends of the welding part 60 of the detected thermite welded steel rail 6 workpiece measured in the step f with the calibrated potential difference value in the step c by the signal receiving processor 5, if the measured potential difference value of the two ends of the welding part 60 of the detected thermite welded steel rail 6 workpiece is greater than the calibrated potential difference value B1, determining that the welding part 60 of the detected thermite welded steel rail 6 workpiece has defects and the welding quality is unqualified, and if the measured potential difference value of the two ends of the welding part 60 of the detected thermite welded steel rail 6 workpiece is equal to the calibrated potential difference value B2, determining that the welding part 60 of the detected thermite welded steel rail 6 workpiece has no defects and the welding quality is good.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the apparatus and method for detecting the quality of thermite welding of steel rails according to the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a detection apparatus for rail thermite welding quality, includes four conductive steel brush wheels, rotatory axostylus axostyle, driving motor, excitation power, signal reception treater, its characterized in that: the four conductive steel brush wheels are movably arranged on one side of the rotating shaft rod; the driving motor is fixedly arranged at the front end of the other side of the rotating shaft rod and is used for driving the four conductive steel brush wheels to rotate; the excitation power supply is electrically connected with two conductive steel brush wheels positioned on the outer side of the four conductive steel brush wheels; the signal receiving processor is electrically connected with two conductive steel brush wheels positioned in the middle of the four conductive steel brush wheels;
the driving motor drives the four conductive steel brush wheels on the rotating shaft rod to rotate, dirt and oxides on the surface of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece are cleaned, and good contact between the four conductive steel brush wheels and the surface of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece is guaranteed;
and applying alternating current excitation to one end of two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the outer side in the four conductive steel brush wheels, and measuring and receiving potential signals of two ends of two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the middle in the four conductive steel brush wheels by using a signal receiving processor to obtain a potential difference value of two ends of a welding part of the thermite welded steel rail workpiece.
2. A method for detecting the thermite welding quality of a steel rail, which uses the device of claim 1, wherein: comprises two processes of calibration and actual measurement, wherein the calibration process comprises the following steps of,
a. selecting a defect-free thermite welded steel rail workpiece which is inspected and qualified in quality as a standard thermite welded steel rail workpiece;
b. c, respectively symmetrically and vertically pressing two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the outer side and two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the middle side of four conductive steel brush wheels movably arranged on a rotating shaft rod in the detection device to two sides of the surface of the welding part of the standard thermite welding steel rail workpiece in the step a;
c. starting an excitation power supply, applying alternating current excitation to one end of two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the outer side of the four conductive steel brush wheels, measuring and receiving potential signals at two ends of two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the middle of the four conductive steel brush wheels by using a signal receiving processor at the same time, so that a normal potential difference value at two ends of a welding part of a standard thermite welded steel rail workpiece without quality defects can be obtained, and storing the normal potential difference value at two ends of the welding part of the standard thermite welded steel rail workpiece by using the signal receiving processor as a calibration potential difference value;
the actual measurement process is that,
d. two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the outer side and two conductive steel brush wheels positioned in the middle of four conductive steel brush wheels movably arranged on a rotating shaft rod in a detection device are respectively symmetrically and vertically pressed and placed on two sides of the surface of the welding part of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece;
e. starting a driving motor, wherein the driving motor drives four conductive steel brush wheels on a rotating shaft rod to rotate so as to clean dirt and oxides on the surface of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece, so that the four conductive steel brush wheels are ensured to be in good contact with the surface of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece;
f. starting an excitation power supply, applying alternating current excitation to one end of two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the outer side of the four conductive steel brush wheels, and measuring and receiving potential signals at two ends of two conductive steel brush wheels positioned at the middle of the four conductive steel brush wheels by using a signal receiving processor so as to obtain a potential difference value at two ends of a welding part of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece;
g. and (c) comparing the potential difference value of the two ends of the welding position of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece measured in the step (f) with the calibration potential difference value in the step (c), if the measured potential difference value of the two ends of the welding position of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece is larger than the calibration potential difference value, judging that the welding position of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece has defects and the welding quality is unqualified, and if the measured potential difference value of the two ends of the welding position of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece is equal to the calibration potential difference value, judging that the welding position of the detected thermite welded steel rail workpiece has no defects and the welding quality is intact.
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