CN109883862B - Yarn ball hardness measuring instrument and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Yarn ball hardness measuring instrument and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109883862B CN109883862B CN201910249526.6A CN201910249526A CN109883862B CN 109883862 B CN109883862 B CN 109883862B CN 201910249526 A CN201910249526 A CN 201910249526A CN 109883862 B CN109883862 B CN 109883862B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241001422033 Thestylus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a yarn group hardness measuring apparatu and measuring method thereof, yarn group hardness measuring apparatu includes measuring terminal and sensing device, measuring terminal includes button, display screen, base, pressure measurement circuit and treater, the treater is all connected with button, display screen, pressure measurement circuit, the base is connected with pressure measurement circuit pressure detection component, sensing device includes safety cover and measuring pin, stretch out after measuring pin one end passes inside the safety cover, the other end and pedestal connection, the safety cover is installed on measuring terminal, the measuring pin head is the toper structure. The measuring method comprises the following steps: obtaining a corresponding relation equation of the measured value and the actual hardness: fixing the sample and removing the packaging film; starting the device and initializing; the measuring needle is aligned with the center line of the measured surface of the sample and is pressed in at a constant speed to obtain a measured value; measuring at different points with the same height on a plurality of circumferential surfaces to obtain average measurement values; the average measured value is used to calculate the hardness value through an equation. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient and effective test, accuracy and convenience.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of performance testing, in particular to a fiber yarn group hardness measuring instrument and a measuring method thereof, which are particularly suitable for the hardness measuring work of fiber yarn groups.
Background
Taking the glass fiber industry as an example, the hardness of fiber yarn clusters is an important evaluation index for yarn cluster forming, and the quality of the yarn cluster hardness control is the basis of whether a product has good appearance and smoothness in use. The small hardness of the yarn ball easily causes the conditions of loose yarn ball, large diameter, weak internal structural support, easy deformation, inclination of whole-support package and the like, and the quality problems of loop and knot loosening, lifting, barrel collapse and the like of the fiber yarn occur in the use process. In addition, the yarn cluster hardness is also an important physical parameter indirectly reflecting the yarn cluster density, and is an important reference basis for the fiber forming process such as winding ratio, wire drawing tension and the like, the packaging material selection and the packaging process design. At present, no specific yarn ball hardness measuring instrument and no unified measuring method exist in the industry, and the main operation is simple qualitative evaluation by means of manual hand touch pressing and other methods. The evaluation method has the defects that the hardness value of yarn groups cannot be quantified, the evaluation has no unified standard, and meanwhile, the evaluation is greatly influenced by subjective feelings of operators, the test results are different from person to person, the test results are inaccurate, and the like, so that the popularization and the use of industrial standardized production are not facilitated.
The patent publication of CN 104596872A discloses a memory sponge hardness measuring instrument and a measuring method thereof, which have the advantages of simple structure, small volume, convenient carrying and simple operation, and are suitable for detecting the hardness of various memory sponges. However, due to the limitations of technical schemes such as structural composition and the like, the measuring instrument is only suitable for hardness measurement of the memory sponge and is not suitable for detection of yarn ball hardness.
In view of the above, the present industry lacks a device and a method for accurately and quantitatively measuring the hardness of fiber yarn clusters, and there is a need to provide a yarn cluster hardness measuring instrument and a measuring method thereof with reasonable structural design, simple operation and accurate measurement result.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the application is to overcome the defects in the prior art, and the yarn group hardness measuring instrument and the measuring method thereof are simple in structural design, convenient to use, small in influence of human factors on measurement and high in measurement accuracy.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems comprises the following steps: a yarn cluster hardness measuring instrument, characterized in that: including measuring terminal and sensing device, measuring terminal includes button, display screen, base, pressure measurement circuit and treater, and the treater all is connected with button, display screen, pressure measurement circuit, the base be connected with pressure measurement circuit's pressure detection element, sensing device include safety cover and measuring needle, measuring needle one end pass and stretch out after the safety cover is inside, the measuring needle other end is connected with the base, the safety cover is installed on measuring terminal, the measuring needle head be the toper structure. The arrangement of the conical structure mainly considers that the shape of the probe head directly influences the measurement result of the yarn cluster hardness: because the hardness difference of different types of yarn groups is large, if a non-conical test head such as a cylindrical or square flat head shape is adopted, the test head extending out of the protective cover part cannot be completely pressed into the yarn group for the yarn group with high hardness, so that an effective test result cannot be obtained; if the test head in a straight shape or a cross shape is adopted, the test head extending out of the protective cover part is favorable to be completely pressed into the yarn group, but the product at the tested part is damaged, and the production and the use of the subsequent product are affected. Through theoretical research and long-term experiment of cooperation, the application adopts the toper measuring needle test head of reasonable tapering, can effectively avoid the emergence of above-mentioned problem.
The effective length of the measuring needle (namely the length of one end of the measuring needle extending out of the bottom surface of the protective cover) is 3-9 mm, preferably 4-8 mm, and the height of the conical structure of the head of the measuring needle (the height of the cone) is not smaller than the distance of one end of the measuring needle extending out of the bottom surface of the protective cover.
Wherein, the measuring needle is connected with the base through a thread structure.
Wherein, the safety cover is hollow cylindrical structure. The main effect of the protection cover is to ensure that the effective length of the measuring needle pressed into the yarn cluster part is kept consistent, and the accuracy of a measuring result is ensured.
The taper of the probe head is 30-75 degrees, the taper height is 3-13 mm, and preferably, the taper of the probe head is 40-70 degrees, and the taper height is 4-11 mm.
Further, the invention also provides a method for measuring the hardness of yarn clusters, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a corresponding relation equation between a measured value of a yarn group hardness measuring instrument and actual hardness, wherein the equation is H= (N/S) max ）*L 0.5 *tan（θ）=｛N/【π*（L*tan（θ/2）） 2 】｝*L 0.5 *tan（θ）；
Wherein H is the hardness of the yarn cluster;
n is the maximum load of the yarn ball hardness tester in the test process, and the unit is Newton (N);
S max to measure the maximum cross-sectional area of the process needle at its effective length, the unit is square millimeters (mm) 2 ）；
L is the effective length of the measuring needle in the measuring process (namely the length of one end of the measuring needle extending out of the bottom surface of the protective cover, and the length of the measuring needle completely pressed into the measured yarn group in the actual measuring process), and the unit is millimeters (mm);
θ is the stylus taper in degrees (°);
s2, fixing a tested yarn group (sample), wherein the tested position removes the packaging film;
s3, starting a yarn group hardness measuring instrument and initializing;
and S4, aligning the measuring needle (perpendicular to the center line of the measured yarn cluster) to a certain point on the circumferential surface (outer circular surface) of the measured yarn cluster, pressing until all the measuring needle extending out of the protective cover part is pressed into the measured yarn cluster, and recording the obtained measured value when the number on the display screen reaches a stable state (short time without jumping, for example, 3-5 seconds).
S5, respectively measuring at a plurality of different points with the same height and the same distance distribution on the periphery of the measured yarn ball (for example, repeating the step S4 at the next position clockwise or anticlockwise on the periphery of the measured yarn ball at intervals of 5cm or 30 degrees), and taking the average value of the measured values to obtain an average measured value.
And S6, calculating the hardness value of the tested yarn group by using the average measured value in the step S5 according to a corresponding relation equation of the measured value and the hardness.
In the step S2, the tested yarn group should not have defects such as mechanical damage and impurities.
In the step S4, the measuring needles extending out of the protective cover are all pressed into the yarn group to be measured at a uniform speed in the process of measurement, and are not inclined or directly forced too hard or are not completely pressed into the yarn group to be measured.
Further, in the above step S5, the measurement is performed once at 3 or more points with the same height and the same distance distribution on the circumference of the measured yarn, and the average value of the measured values is obtained.
The invention has simple and effective testing process, high accuracy of measuring result, small volume of measuring instrument, convenient carrying and simple operation, and is suitable for hardness detection of various fiber yarn groups.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a yarn ball hardness tester according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of the sensing device shown in FIG. 1 to a base.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a measured state and a measuring point where the measured yarn bundle is fixedly placed on a clean plane.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and the embodiments of the present invention and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, and the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and with reference to the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a yarn ball hardness measuring instrument comprises a measuring terminal 1 and a sensing device 2, wherein the sensing device 2 is arranged at the lower end of the measuring terminal 1; wherein the measuring terminal 1 comprises keys 11, a display screen 12 and a base 13, and the sensing device 2 comprises a protective cover 21 and a measuring needle 22.
The measuring terminal 1 is provided with a key 11, a display screen 12, a base 13, a processor and a pressure detection circuit, relevant detection parameters can be set through the key 11, and detection results are displayed through the display screen 12, the measuring terminal 1 is internally provided with the processor and the pressure detection circuit (comprising a pressure detection element, namely a strain gauge, not shown in the figure), and the processor is internally provided with the detection parameters and a detection program, so that the detected data can be calculated and stored; the outer wall of one end of the base 13 at the bottom of the measuring terminal 1 is provided with external threads, and the other end of the base is connected with a strain gauge in the measuring terminal 1.
The sensing device 2 comprises a protective cover 21 and a stylus 22. The protective cover 21 is of a hollow cylindrical structure, one end (head) of the measuring needle 22 is of a conical structure, and the taper is 30-75 degrees, preferably 40-70 degrees; the taper heights are 3-13 mm, preferably 4-11 mm (in particular, the taper of the measuring needle can be 35 °, 38 °, 45 °, 48 °, 50 °, 55 °, 58 °, 60 °, 65 °, 68 ° and the like), the taper heights can be 3.8 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.8 mm, 5.5 mm, 5.8 mm, 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 6.8 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 7.8 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm, 10.5 mm, 11.5 mm, 12 mm, 12.5 mm and the like), the other end (tail) is provided with an internal thread, and is connected with the base 13 through a thread structure, the measuring needle 22 passes through the inside of the protective cover 21 and extends out of the bottom surface 23 of the protective cover 21, and the effective length of the measuring needle (i.e., the length of one end of the measuring needle extending out of the bottom surface of the protective cover) is 3-9 mm, preferably 4-8 mm; by way of example, the effective length of the stylus may be 3.5 millimeters, 3.8 millimeters, 4.5 millimeters, 4.8 millimeters, 5 millimeters, 5.5 millimeters, 5.8 millimeters, 6 millimeters, 6.5 millimeters, 6.8 millimeters, 7 millimeters, 7.5 millimeters, 7.8 millimeters, 8.5 millimeters, 8.8 millimeters, and the like.
The measuring principle of the invention is as follows: under the action of horizontal pushing force, all the measuring pins 22 extending out of the part of the protective cover 21 are pressed into yarn groups, resistance received by the measuring pins 22 is transmitted to strain gauges (piezoresistors) in the measuring terminal 1 through the base 13, resistance change data of the strain gauges piezoresistors are combined with a pressure detection circuit to obtain detection current and/or voltage signals, the detection current and/or voltage signals are transmitted to a processor, after numbers on a display screen tend to be stable, data displayed by the display screen (namely the maximum load force received by the yarn group hardness measuring instrument in the testing process) are recorded, and the measured data are substituted into corresponding calculation formulas, so that the hardness value of the tested yarn groups is calculated.
The hardness calculation formula of the yarn ball of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
H=（N/S max ）*L 0.5 *tan（θ）=｛N/【π*（L*tan（θ/2）） 2 】｝*L 0.5 *tan（θ）
wherein H is the hardness of the yarn cluster;
n is the maximum load of the yarn ball hardness measuring instrument in the test process, and the unit is Newton (N);
S max to measure the maximum cross-sectional area of the process needle at its effective length, the unit is square millimeters (mm) 2 ）；
L is the effective length of the measuring needle in millimeters (mm) in the measuring process;
θ is the stylus taper in degrees (°);
the above equation is obtained by the inventor according to the data obtained by numerous tests, and the following table shows the corresponding relation of part of the test data:
table 1: example part test data correspondence table
The embodiment of the application also discloses a method for measuring the yarn ball hardness by the yarn ball hardness measuring instrument, which comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively detecting a series of yarn groups with standard hardness or hardness standard substances (for example, 0-500N is divided into a plurality of hardness grades, and each hardness grade is measured once by the yarn groups with standard hardness or the hardness standard substances) by using the yarn group hardness measuring instrument to obtain a yarn group hardness calculation formula of the application;
s2, placing the sample yarn group on a clean plane for fixing, and taking down a part of the packaging film (bag) at the detected position;
s3, starting a yarn group hardness measuring instrument according to ON/OFF, and sequentially setting a peak value to zero for initialization;
s4, one hand is propped against one side of the yarn group, the other hand is used for holding a yarn group hardness measuring instrument, the measuring needle 22 is aligned to the yarn intersection position at the center vertical to the side surface of the other side of the yarn group, the measuring needle 22 extending out of the protective cover 21 is pressed into the yarn group at a constant speed with force until all the measuring needle 22 is pressed into the yarn group, numbers on a display screen are not jumped (the number reaches a peak value), and the obtained measured value is recorded;
s5, measuring the sample at a plurality of different points distributed every at least 5cm horizontally, and taking the average value of the measured values as an average measured value.
S6, taking the average measured value in the step 5 as a measured value, and calculating to obtain a hardness value according to a corresponding equation of the measured value and the hardness in the first step.
In the step S2, the sample should be removed from the packaging bag, and the sample should not have defects such as mechanical damage and impurities.
In step S4, the needle 22 extending from the protective cover 21 is completely pressed into the yarn bundle at a constant horizontal speed, and the needle 22 is not pressed into the yarn bundle completely or by direct force.
In the step S5, the measured yarn ball is measured at 3 or more points with the same height and the same distance, and the average value of the measured values is obtained, which may be, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more. As shown in FIG. 3, the number of measurement points is 5, namely A/B/C/D/E.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related arts are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The measuring method of the yarn ball hardness measuring instrument is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, acquiring a corresponding relation equation between a measured value of a yarn cluster hardness measuring instrument and actual hardness by detecting yarn clusters with standard hardness:
H＝(N/S max )*L 0.5 *tan(θ)＝{N/【π*(L*tan(θ/2)) 2 】}*L 0.5 *tan(θ)；
wherein H is the hardness of the yarn cluster;
n is the maximum load of the yarn ball hardness measuring instrument in the test process, and the unit is Newton;
S max the unit is square millimeter for measuring the maximum cross-sectional area of the effective length of the measuring needle in the process;
l is the effective length of the measuring needle in millimeters in the measuring process;
θ is the taper of the stylus in degrees;
s2, fixing the yarn groups to be measured, wherein the packaging film is removed from the measured positions;
s3, starting a yarn group hardness measuring instrument and initializing;
s4, aligning the measuring needle with a certain point on the yarn group to be measured, pressing until all the measuring needle extending out of the protective cover part is pressed into the yarn group to be measured, screwing the measuring needle with the base in the process of pressing the measuring needle into the yarn group to be measured, and recording the obtained measured value, wherein the measured value is the maximum load force of the yarn group hardness measuring instrument in the test process, wherein the number on the display screen reaches a stable state;
s5, measuring a plurality of different points with the same height and the same distance distribution on the periphery of the measured yarn ball at intervals respectively, and taking the average value of the measured values to obtain an average measured value;
s6, calculating a hardness value according to a corresponding relation equation of the measured value and the hardness by using the average measured value in the step S5;
wherein the taper of the probe head is 40-60 degrees, and the taper height is 4-7 mm.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the needles extending from the protective cover are all pressed into the yarn mass to be measured in alignment and at a constant speed.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the measurement is performed at 3 or more points on the circumference of the measured yarn at the same distance, and the average value of the measured values is obtained.
4. A yarn ball hardness measuring instrument operating using the measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: including measuring terminal and sensing device, measuring terminal includes button, display screen, base, pressure measurement circuit and treater, and the treater all is connected with button, display screen, pressure measurement circuit, the base be connected with pressure measurement circuit's pressure detection element, sensing device include safety cover and measuring needle, measuring needle one end pass and stretch out after the safety cover is inside, the measuring needle other end is connected with the base, the safety cover is installed on measuring terminal, the measuring needle head be the toper structure.
5. The yarn cluster hardness tester as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the height of the conical structure of the probe head is not less than the distance that one end of the probe extends out of the bottom surface of the protective cover.
6. The yarn cluster hardness tester as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the measuring needle is connected with the base through a thread structure.
7. The yarn cluster hardness tester as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the protective cover is of a hollow cylindrical structure.
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| CN201910249526.6A CN109883862B (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Yarn ball hardness measuring instrument and measuring method thereof |
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| CN111912874A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-11-10 | 巨石集团有限公司 | Device and method for measuring drying and film forming time of glass fiber raw yarn cake |
| CN115716053A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-02-28 | 巨石集团成都有限公司 | Tray falling device and yarn group identification marking system and method |
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