CN205691410U - The damage concrete stress strain full curve test device that environmental corrosion causes - Google Patents
The damage concrete stress strain full curve test device that environmental corrosion causes Download PDFInfo
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- CN205691410U CN205691410U CN201620600518.3U CN201620600518U CN205691410U CN 205691410 U CN205691410 U CN 205691410U CN 201620600518 U CN201620600518 U CN 201620600518U CN 205691410 U CN205691410 U CN 205691410U
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 55
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土应力‑应变全曲线测试装置，包括刚性元件、上压板、下压板、高度调节装置、压力传感器、垫板、夹具和激光位移传感器。试验过程中，压力试验机对上压板施加载荷，刚性元件与混凝土试件共同受力以提高试验机的刚度，从而使试件下降段的变形能够稳定发展，不会发生脆性破坏，动态应变仪分别记录压力和激光位移传感器输出的试件荷载和变形信息，经计算机后处理可得到环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土应力‑应变全曲线。本实用新型能够准确地测量腐蚀损伤混凝土的应力‑应变全曲线，为研究混凝土在腐蚀环境下的性能退化规律提供技术支持。
The utility model discloses a stress-strain full curve testing device for damaged concrete caused by environmental corrosion, which comprises a rigid element, an upper pressing plate, a lower pressing plate, a height adjustment device, a pressure sensor, a backing plate, a fixture and a laser displacement sensor. During the test, the pressure testing machine applies a load to the upper platen, and the rigid components and the concrete specimen are jointly stressed to increase the stiffness of the testing machine, so that the deformation of the descending section of the specimen can develop stably without brittle failure. The dynamic strain gauge The load and deformation information of the specimen output by the pressure and laser displacement sensors are respectively recorded, and the full stress-strain curve of the damaged concrete caused by environmental corrosion can be obtained after computer post-processing. The utility model can accurately measure the full stress-strain curve of the corrosion-damaged concrete, and provides technical support for studying the law of performance degradation of the concrete under the corrosion environment.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于土木工程测量设备，具体涉及一种环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土应力-应变全曲线测试装置。The utility model belongs to civil engineering measuring equipment, in particular to a stress-strain full curve testing device for damaged concrete caused by environmental corrosion.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，随着我国对沿海地区以及西部地区的开发，特别是长期处于恶劣环境下混凝土结构的安全性和耐久性问题已成为我国基础建设过程中亟需解决的应用基础理论研究课题之一。研究环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土应力-应变全曲线变化规律，对于混凝土结构耐久性设计及服役寿命评估具有重要意义。In recent years, with the development of my country's coastal areas and western regions, especially the safety and durability of concrete structures in harsh environments for a long time has become one of the applied basic theoretical research topics that need to be solved urgently in the process of my country's infrastructure construction. It is of great significance for the durability design and service life evaluation of concrete structures to study the change law of the full stress-strain curve of damaged concrete caused by environmental corrosion.
目前的混凝土应力-应变全曲线测试方法主要通过增设弹簧、钢管、钢柱等刚性元件的方式来增加试验机的刚度，而环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土试件尺寸、刚度等力学性能参数随环境条件和腐蚀时间而变化，与混凝土标准试件存在较大差异，因此，直接采用测量混凝土标准试件的方法并不能满足实验要求。The current concrete stress-strain full curve test method mainly increases the stiffness of the testing machine by adding rigid components such as springs, steel pipes, and steel columns, while the mechanical performance parameters such as the size and stiffness of damaged concrete specimens caused by environmental corrosion vary with environmental conditions. It varies with the corrosion time and is quite different from the concrete standard specimen. Therefore, the method of directly measuring the concrete standard specimen cannot meet the experimental requirements.
现有的混凝土应力-应变测试装置大都是通过引伸计来测量混凝土变形，这种方法需要在混凝土上安装引伸计固定架，安装精度很大程度上决定了测量结果的准确性，而环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土试件表面产生了不同程度的溶出、剥落等腐蚀缺陷，不能满足测量精度要求，故无法用于环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土试件。Existing concrete stress-strain testing devices mostly use extensometers to measure concrete deformation. This method requires the installation of extensometer fixtures on the concrete. The installation accuracy largely determines the accuracy of the measurement results, and environmental corrosion causes The surface of the damaged concrete specimens has corrosion defects such as dissolution and spalling in different degrees, which cannot meet the measurement accuracy requirements, so it cannot be used for damaged concrete specimens caused by environmental corrosion.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土应力-应变全曲线测试装置，解决了环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土的应力-应变全曲线无法测量的问题。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a damage concrete stress-strain full curve test device caused by environmental corrosion, which solves the problem that the stress-strain full curve of damaged concrete caused by environmental corrosion cannot be measured.
实现本实用新型目的的技术解决方案为：一种环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土应力-应变全曲线测试装置，包括刚性元件、上压板、下压板、高度调节装置、压力传感器、垫板、夹具和激光位移传感器，所述刚性元件设置在上压板和下压板间，下压板中心设有通孔，高度调节装置位于下压板的中心通孔内，压力传感器位于上压板下方，压力传感器与上压板之间设有垫板，夹具位于压力传感器和高度调节装置之间，损伤混凝土试件通过夹具固定，激光位移传感器固定于夹具的 外侧壁上，所述上压板、下压板、高度调节装置、压力传感器、垫板、夹具和混凝土试件中心均处于同一轴线上。The technical solution to realize the purpose of this utility model is: a kind of damage concrete stress-strain full curve testing device caused by environmental corrosion, including rigid elements, upper pressing plate, lower pressing plate, height adjustment device, pressure sensor, backing plate, fixture and laser Displacement sensor, the rigid element is arranged between the upper platen and the lower platen, the center of the lower platen is provided with a through hole, the height adjustment device is located in the center through hole of the lower platen, the pressure sensor is located under the upper platen, between the pressure sensor and the upper platen There is a backing plate, the fixture is located between the pressure sensor and the height adjustment device, the damaged concrete specimen is fixed by the fixture, the laser displacement sensor is fixed on the outer wall of the fixture, the upper pressure plate, the lower pressure plate, the height adjustment device, the pressure sensor, Backing plate, fixture and concrete specimen center are all on the same axis.
所述刚性元件包括不锈钢套箍、若干根弹簧钢杆和若干根螺纹钢杆，不锈钢套箍为环形，其上均匀分布若干个通孔，若干根弹簧钢杆和若干根螺纹钢杆均匀分布在所述通孔内，且两者间隔布置。The rigid element includes a stainless steel ferrule, several spring steel rods and several threaded steel rods, the stainless steel ferrule is ring-shaped, and several through holes are evenly distributed on it, and several spring steel rods and several threaded steel rods are evenly distributed on the Inside the through hole, and the two are spaced apart.
所述弹簧钢杆包括弹簧钢钢柱和两个弹簧钢套筒，弹簧钢钢柱穿过不锈钢套箍的通孔，两个弹簧钢套筒分别设置在弹簧钢钢柱两端，通过两个弹簧钢套筒分别与上压板和下压板固连。The spring steel rod includes a spring steel column and two spring steel sleeves, the spring steel column passes through the through hole of the stainless steel ferrule, and the two spring steel sleeves are respectively arranged at the two ends of the spring steel column, through two The spring steel sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate respectively.
所述螺纹钢杆包括螺纹钢柱和螺母，螺母设置在螺纹钢柱上，螺纹钢柱穿过不锈钢套箍的通孔，通过螺母对不锈钢套箍定位，螺纹钢柱底部与下压板固连。The threaded steel rod includes a threaded steel column and a nut. The nut is arranged on the threaded steel column. The threaded steel column passes through the through hole of the stainless steel ferrule, and the stainless steel ferrule is positioned by the nut.
所述高度调节装置包括上盘、下盘和螺纹杆，上盘和下盘通过螺纹与螺纹杆固连，且能够通过转动上盘对高度进行微调。The height adjusting device includes an upper plate, a lower plate and a threaded rod. The upper plate and the lower plate are fixedly connected with the threaded rod through threads, and the height can be fine-tuned by rotating the upper plate.
所述夹具包括反射条、上垫板、下垫板、球铰、加载杆和固定框，固定框顶部设有通孔，上垫板、损伤混凝土试件和下垫板自上而下依次设置在固定框内，加载杆一端穿过所述通孔通过球铰压在上垫板顶部，另一端侧壁固定有反射条，激光位移传感器固连在固定框外壁，且位于反射条正下方。The fixture includes a reflective strip, an upper backing plate, a lower backing plate, a ball joint, a loading rod and a fixed frame, the top of the fixed frame is provided with a through hole, and the upper backing plate, the damaged concrete specimen and the lower backing plate are sequentially arranged from top to bottom In the fixed frame, one end of the loading rod passes through the through hole and is pressed on the top of the upper backing plate through a ball hinge, and a reflective strip is fixed on the side wall of the other end, and the laser displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed frame, and is located directly below the reflective strip.
本实用新型与现有技术相比，其显著优点在于：(1)刚性元件采用热处理后的高强弹簧钢制作，具有很高的弹性变形能力，可获得更多腐蚀损伤混凝土应力应变曲线下降段的信息，同时，所述刚性元件的螺纹钢柱不仅起到固定不锈钢套箍的作用，其长度也是根据弹簧钢钢柱最大弹性变形确定，可保证弹簧钢钢柱处于弹性阶段，使本装置可重复使用。Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the remarkable advantages that: (1) the rigid element is made of heat-treated high-strength spring steel, which has a high elastic deformation capacity and can obtain more corrosion-damaged concrete stress-strain curve descending sections. Information, at the same time, the threaded steel column of the rigid element not only plays the role of fixing the stainless steel ferrule, but its length is also determined according to the maximum elastic deformation of the spring steel column, which can ensure that the spring steel column is in the elastic stage, so that the device can be repeated use.
(2)刚性元件刚度可调，可通过布置不同根数弹簧钢杆的方式调节刚性元件的刚度，以测量不同尺寸或腐蚀程度(刚度不同)的混凝土试件。(2) The stiffness of the rigid element is adjustable, and the stiffness of the rigid element can be adjusted by arranging different numbers of spring steel rods to measure concrete specimens of different sizes or degrees of corrosion (different stiffness).
(3)夹具安装方便，自带的球铰可最大程度保证试件处于轴压状态且夹具上下垫板可涂油，以减小摩擦阻力。(3) The fixture is easy to install, and the built-in ball joint can ensure that the specimen is in the state of axial compression to the greatest extent and the upper and lower backing plates of the fixture can be oiled to reduce frictional resistance.
(4)激光位移传感器为非接触式位移传感器，解决了损伤混凝土试件表面缺陷对测量结果的干扰问题，且所采用的激光位移传感器还具有测试精度高、采样频率可调以及操作简易的特点。(4) The laser displacement sensor is a non-contact displacement sensor, which solves the problem of the interference of the surface defects of the damaged concrete specimen on the measurement results, and the laser displacement sensor adopted also has the characteristics of high test accuracy, adjustable sampling frequency and easy operation .
(5)高度调节装置可对损伤混凝土试件及其夹持、测量装置的总高度微调，使刚性元件与损伤混凝土试件能够同时受力，若高度过低，刚性元件过早受力， 很可能产生塑性变形，若高度过高，损伤混凝土试件在刚性元件受力之前可能进入下降段。(5) The height adjustment device can fine-tune the total height of the damaged concrete specimen and its clamping and measuring devices, so that the rigid component and the damaged concrete specimen can be stressed at the same time. If the height is too low, the rigid component will be stressed prematurely, which is very difficult Plastic deformation may occur. If the height is too high, the damaged concrete specimen may enter the descending section before the rigid element is stressed.
(6)本实用新型在实验时，可直接安装到普通压力试验机上，制作简单，安装方便，可精确的测量出环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土应力-应变全曲线。(6) The utility model can be directly installed on an ordinary pressure testing machine during the experiment, which is simple to manufacture and convenient to install, and can accurately measure the full stress-strain curve of damaged concrete caused by environmental corrosion.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土应力-应变全曲线测试装置的整体结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the damage concrete stress-strain full curve test device caused by environmental corrosion of the utility model.
图2是本实用新型刚性元件示意图，其中图(a)为刚性元件俯视图，图(b)为图(a)中弹簧钢杆的A-A剖面图，图(c)为图(a)中螺纹钢杆的A-A剖面图。Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the rigid element of the present utility model, wherein Fig. (a) is a top view of the rigid element, Fig. (b) is an A-A sectional view of the spring steel rod in Fig. (a), and Fig. (c) is a rebar in Fig. (a) A-A section view of the rod.
图3是本实用新型下压板示意图，其中图(a)为下压板俯视图，图(b)为图(a)的B-B剖面图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the lower pressing plate of the present invention, wherein Figure (a) is a top view of the lower pressing plate, and Figure (b) is a B-B sectional view of Figure (a).
图4是本实用新型夹具示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fixture of the present invention.
图5是本实用新型高度调节装置示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the height adjusting device of the present invention.
图6是实施例1中软水侵蚀环境下钙溶蚀损伤混凝土试件的应力-应变全曲线。Fig. 6 is the full stress-strain curve of the concrete specimen damaged by calcium dissolution under soft water erosion environment in Example 1.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步详细描述。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
结合图1至图5，一种环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土应力-应变全曲线测试装置，包括刚性元件1、上压板2、下压板3、高度调节装置4、压力传感器5、垫板6、夹具7和激光位移传感器8。所述刚性元件1设置在上压板2和下压板3间，用于增加整体结构的刚度。下压板3中心设有通孔，高度调节装置4位于下压板3的中心通孔内，且通孔直径大于高度调节装置4的底部直径。压力传感器5(市购)位于上压板2下方，压力传感器5与上压板2之间设有垫板6，夹具7位于压力传感器5和高度调节装置4之间，损伤混凝土试件9通过夹具7固定，激光位移传感器8固定于夹具7的外侧壁上，所述上压板2、下压板3、高度调节装置4、压力传感器5、垫板6、夹具7和混凝土试件9中心均处于同一轴线上。Combining Figures 1 to 5, a full stress-strain curve test device for damaged concrete caused by environmental corrosion, including a rigid element 1, an upper platen 2, a lower platen 3, a height adjustment device 4, a pressure sensor 5, a backing plate 6, and a fixture 7 and laser displacement sensor 8. The rigid element 1 is arranged between the upper pressing plate 2 and the lower pressing plate 3 for increasing the rigidity of the overall structure. The center of the lower platen 3 is provided with a through hole, and the height adjusting device 4 is located in the center through hole of the lower platen 3 , and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the bottom diameter of the height adjusting device 4 . The pressure sensor 5 (commercially available) is located below the upper platen 2, a backing plate 6 is provided between the pressure sensor 5 and the upper platen 2, the clamp 7 is located between the pressure sensor 5 and the height adjustment device 4, and the damaged concrete specimen 9 passes through the clamp 7 Fixed, the laser displacement sensor 8 is fixed on the outer wall of the fixture 7, and the centers of the upper platen 2, the lower platen 3, the height adjustment device 4, the pressure sensor 5, the backing plate 6, the fixture 7 and the concrete specimen 9 are all on the same axis superior.
所述刚性元件1包括不锈钢套箍13、若干根弹簧钢杆和若干根螺纹钢杆， 不锈钢套箍13为环形，其上均匀分布若干个通孔，若干根弹簧钢杆和若干根螺纹钢杆均匀分布在所述通孔内，且两者间隔布置。The rigid element 1 comprises a stainless steel hoop 13, several spring steel rods and several threaded steel rods, the stainless steel hoop 13 is annular, and several through holes are evenly distributed on it, and several spring steel rods and several threaded steel rods Evenly distributed in the through hole, and the two are arranged at intervals.
所述弹簧钢杆包括弹簧钢钢柱12和两个弹簧钢套筒11，弹簧钢钢柱12穿过不锈钢套箍13的通孔，两个弹簧钢套筒11分别设置在弹簧钢钢柱12两端，通过两个弹簧钢套筒11分别与上压板2和下压板3固连。弹簧钢杆用于增加整体结构的刚度，可通过布置不同根数弹簧钢杆的方式调节刚性元件的刚度，以测量不同尺寸或腐蚀程度(刚度不同)的混凝土试件9。Described spring steel bar comprises spring steel steel column 12 and two spring steel sleeves 11, and spring steel steel column 12 passes through the through hole of stainless steel ferrule 13, and two spring steel sleeves 11 are respectively arranged on spring steel steel column 12 Both ends are fixedly connected with the upper pressing plate 2 and the lower pressing plate 3 respectively through two spring steel sleeves 11 . The spring steel rods are used to increase the stiffness of the overall structure, and the stiffness of the rigid elements can be adjusted by arranging different numbers of spring steel rods to measure concrete specimens 9 of different sizes or degrees of corrosion (different stiffness).
所述螺纹钢杆包括螺纹钢柱14和螺母15，螺母15设置在螺纹钢柱14上，螺纹钢柱14穿过不锈钢套箍13的通孔，通过螺母15对不锈钢套箍13定位，螺纹钢柱14底部与下压板3固连。螺纹钢杆用于对不锈钢套箍13定位。Described threaded steel rod comprises threaded steel post 14 and nut 15, and nut 15 is arranged on the threaded steel post 14, and threaded steel post 14 passes the through hole of stainless steel ferrule 13, and stainless steel ferrule 13 is positioned by nut 15, and threaded steel The bottom of the column 14 is fixedly connected with the lower platen 3 . The threaded steel rod is used for positioning the stainless steel ferrule 13.
所述高度调节装置4包括上盘41、下盘42和螺纹杆43，上盘41和下盘通过螺纹与螺纹杆43固连，且可通过转动上盘41对高度进行微调。高度调节装置4可对损伤混凝土试件9及其夹持、测量装置的总高度微调，使刚性元件1与损伤混凝土试件9能够同时受力，若高度过低，刚性元件1过早受力，很可能产生塑性变形，若高度过高，损伤混凝土试件9在刚性元件1受力之前可能进入下降段。The height adjusting device 4 includes an upper plate 41 , a lower plate 42 and a threaded rod 43 , the upper plate 41 and the lower plate are fixedly connected with the threaded rod 43 through threads, and the height can be fine-tuned by rotating the upper plate 41 . The height adjustment device 4 can fine-tune the total height of the damaged concrete specimen 9 and its clamping and measuring devices, so that the rigid element 1 and the damaged concrete specimen 9 can be stressed at the same time. If the height is too low, the rigid element 1 will be stressed prematurely , it is likely to produce plastic deformation, if the height is too high, the damaged concrete specimen 9 may enter the descending section before the rigid element 1 is stressed.
所述夹具7包括反射条71、上垫板72、下垫板73、球铰74、加载杆75和固定框76，固定框76顶部设有通孔，上垫板72、损伤混凝土试件9和下垫板73自上而下依次设置在固定框76内，加载杆75一端穿过所述通孔通过球铰74压在上垫板72顶部，另一端侧壁固定有反射条71，激光位移传感器8固连在固定框76外壁，且位于反射条71正下方。夹具7安装方便，自带的球铰可最大程度保证试件处于轴压状态且夹具上下垫板可涂油，以减小摩擦阻力。Described fixture 7 comprises reflective bar 71, upper backing plate 72, lower backing plate 73, ball joint 74, loading bar 75 and fixed frame 76, and fixed frame 76 top is provided with through hole, upper backing plate 72, damage concrete specimen 9 and the lower backing plate 73 are sequentially arranged in the fixed frame 76 from top to bottom, one end of the loading rod 75 passes through the through hole and is pressed on the top of the upper backing plate 72 through the ball joint 74, and the side wall of the other end is fixed with a reflective strip 71. The displacement sensor 8 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed frame 76 and is located directly under the reflective strip 71 . Fixture 7 is easy to install, and the built-in ball joint can ensure that the test piece is in the state of axial compression to the greatest extent, and the upper and lower backing plates of the fixture can be oiled to reduce frictional resistance.
激光位移传感器8为非接触式位移传感器，解决了损伤混凝土试件9表面缺陷对测量结果的干扰问题。The laser displacement sensor 8 is a non-contact displacement sensor, which solves the problem that the surface defect of the damaged concrete specimen 9 interferes with the measurement results.
实施例1Example 1
采用本实用新型所述的环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土应力-应变全曲线测试装置测量软水侵蚀环境下钙溶蚀损伤混凝土试件的应力-应变全曲线。The stress-strain full curve test device for damaged concrete caused by environmental corrosion described in the utility model is used to measure the stress-strain full curve of a calcium dissolution damaged concrete specimen in a soft water erosion environment.
结合图1至图5，一种环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土应力-应变全曲线测试装置，包括刚性元件1、上压板2、下压板3、高度调节装置4、压力传感器5、垫 板6、夹具7和激光位移传感器8。所述刚性元件1设置在上压板2和下压板3间，用于增加整体结构的刚度。下压板3中心设有通孔，高度调节装置4位于下压板3的中心通孔内，且通孔直径大于高度调节装置4的底部直径。压力传感器5(市购)位于上压板2下方，压力传感器5与上压板2之间设有垫板6，防止压力传感器5被损伤，夹具7位于压力传感器5和高度调节装置4之间，损伤混凝土试件9通过夹具7固定，激光位移传感器8固定于夹具7的外侧壁上，所述上压板2、下压板3、高度调节装置4、压力传感器5、垫板6、夹具7和混凝土试件9中心均处于同一轴线上。Combining Figures 1 to 5, a full stress-strain curve test device for damaged concrete caused by environmental corrosion, including a rigid element 1, an upper platen 2, a lower platen 3, a height adjustment device 4, a pressure sensor 5, a backing plate 6, and a fixture 7 and laser displacement sensor 8. The rigid element 1 is arranged between the upper pressing plate 2 and the lower pressing plate 3 for increasing the rigidity of the overall structure. The center of the lower platen 3 is provided with a through hole, and the height adjusting device 4 is located in the center through hole of the lower platen 3 , and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the bottom diameter of the height adjusting device 4 . The pressure sensor 5 (commercially available) is located below the upper platen 2, and a backing plate 6 is provided between the pressure sensor 5 and the upper platen 2 to prevent the pressure sensor 5 from being damaged. The clamp 7 is located between the pressure sensor 5 and the height adjustment device 4 to prevent damage Concrete specimen 9 is fixed by fixture 7, and laser displacement sensor 8 is fixed on the outer wall of fixture 7, and described upper platen 2, lower platen 3, height adjustment device 4, pressure sensor 5, backing plate 6, fixture 7 and concrete test piece The centers of parts 9 are all on the same axis.
所述刚性元件1包括不锈钢套箍13、三根弹簧钢杆和四根螺纹钢杆，不锈钢套箍13为环形，其上均匀分布十二个通孔，三根弹簧钢杆和四根螺纹钢杆均匀分布在所述通孔内，且两者间隔布置。The rigid element 1 includes a stainless steel ferrule 13, three spring steel rods and four threaded steel rods, the stainless steel ferrule 13 is ring-shaped, and twelve through holes are evenly distributed on it, and the three spring steel rods and four threaded steel rods are evenly distributed. distributed in the through hole, and the two are arranged at intervals.
所述弹簧钢杆包括弹簧钢钢柱12和两个弹簧钢套筒11，弹簧钢钢柱12穿过不锈钢套箍13的通孔，两个弹簧钢套筒11分别套在弹簧钢钢柱12两端，通过两个弹簧钢套筒11分别与上压板2和下压板3固连。弹簧钢杆用于增加整体结构的刚度，可通过布置不同根数弹簧钢杆的方式调节刚性元件的刚度，以测量不同尺寸或腐蚀程度(刚度不同)的混凝土试件9。Described spring steel bar comprises spring steel steel column 12 and two spring steel sleeves 11, and spring steel steel column 12 passes through the through hole of stainless steel ferrule 13, and two spring steel sleeves 11 are sleeved on spring steel steel column 12 respectively. Both ends are fixedly connected with the upper pressing plate 2 and the lower pressing plate 3 respectively through two spring steel sleeves 11 . The spring steel rods are used to increase the stiffness of the overall structure, and the stiffness of the rigid elements can be adjusted by arranging different numbers of spring steel rods to measure concrete specimens 9 of different sizes or degrees of corrosion (different stiffness).
所述螺纹钢杆包括螺纹钢柱14和螺母15，螺母15设置在螺纹钢柱14上，螺纹钢柱14穿过不锈钢套箍13的通孔，通过螺母15对不锈钢套箍13定位，螺纹钢柱14底部与下压板3固连。螺纹钢杆用于对不锈钢套箍13定位。Described threaded steel rod comprises threaded steel post 14 and nut 15, and nut 15 is arranged on the threaded steel post 14, and threaded steel post 14 passes the through hole of stainless steel ferrule 13, and stainless steel ferrule 13 is positioned by nut 15, and threaded steel The bottom of the column 14 is fixedly connected with the lower platen 3 . The threaded steel rod is used for positioning the stainless steel ferrule 13.
其中刚性元件1的制作方法，包括以下几个步骤：Wherein the manufacturing method of the rigid element 1 comprises the following steps:
(a1)将弹簧钢热处理之后，按1:2的径高比切割压缩试验标准试件，采用贴应变片的方法，测量弹簧钢的弹性模量E、比例极限σp和弹性应变εp。(a1) After heat-treating the spring steel, cut the standard specimen for the compression test according to the diameter-to-height ratio of 1:2, and measure the elastic modulus E, proportional limit σ p and elastic strain ε p of the spring steel by attaching strain gauges.
(a2)按上述弹簧钢的直径D弹性模量E及刚度K要求，确定弹簧钢钢柱12的长度 (a2) Determine the length of the spring steel column 12 according to the diameter D elastic modulus E and stiffness K requirements of the above spring steel
(a3)根据弹簧钢钢柱12的直径及最大设计载荷确定弹簧钢套筒11的尺寸，采用先切割、钻孔后热处理的方式加工。(a3) The size of the spring steel sleeve 11 is determined according to the diameter of the spring steel column 12 and the maximum design load, and it is processed by cutting first, drilling and then heat treatment.
(a4)按压杆理论计算的弹簧钢钢柱12柔度所以弹簧钢钢柱12在达到最大设计载荷前会发生失稳破坏，本装置采用增加刚性元件1约束的方式 来确保刚性元件1在弹性阶段不发生失稳破坏，即将不锈钢套箍13利用螺纹钢柱14和螺母15定位，且位于弹簧钢钢柱12中间段。(a4) The flexibility of the spring steel column 12 calculated theoretically by the pressing rod Therefore, the spring steel column 12 will be destabilized and damaged before reaching the maximum design load. This device adopts the method of increasing the restraint of the rigid element 1 to ensure that the rigid element 1 will not be destabilized and damaged in the elastic stage, that is, the stainless steel ferrule 13 is made of threaded steel The column 14 and the nut 15 are positioned and located in the middle section of the spring steel column 12 .
所述高度调节装置4包括上盘41、下盘42和螺纹杆43，上盘41和下盘通过螺纹与螺纹杆43固连，且可通过转动上盘41对高度进行微调，使垫板6与上压板2完全接触，保证二者共同受力。高度调节装置4可对损伤混凝土试件9及其夹持、测量装置的总高度微调，使刚性元件1与损伤混凝土试件9能够同时受力，若高度过低，刚性元件1过早受力，很可能产生塑性变形，若高度过高，损伤混凝土试件9在刚性元件1受力之前可能进入下降段。The height adjusting device 4 includes an upper plate 41, a lower plate 42 and a threaded rod 43, the upper plate 41 and the lower plate are fixedly connected with the threaded rod 43 by threads, and the height can be fine-tuned by rotating the upper plate 41, so that the backing plate 6 It is in full contact with the upper platen 2 to ensure that the two are jointly stressed. The height adjustment device 4 can fine-tune the total height of the damaged concrete specimen 9 and its clamping and measuring devices, so that the rigid element 1 and the damaged concrete specimen 9 can be stressed at the same time. If the height is too low, the rigid element 1 will be stressed prematurely , it is likely to produce plastic deformation, if the height is too high, the damaged concrete specimen 9 may enter the descending section before the rigid element 1 is stressed.
下压板3上设有十二个卡槽31，用于固定弹簧钢套筒11螺纹钢柱14。The lower pressing plate 3 is provided with twelve slots 31 for fixing the spring steel sleeve 11 and the threaded steel column 14 .
所述夹具7包括反射条71、上垫板72、下垫板73、球铰74、加载杆75和固定框76，固定框76顶部设有通孔，任意两个平行的侧面无挡板，上垫板72、损伤混凝土试件9和下垫板73自上而下依次设置在固定框76内，加载杆75一端穿过所述通孔通过球铰74压在上垫板72顶部，另一端侧壁固定有反射条71，激光位移传感器8固连在固定框76外壁，且位于反射条71正下方。反射条71用于激光位移传感器8测量损伤混凝土试件9的变形，上垫板72和下垫板73表面涂油，以减小摩擦阻力，而球铰74可最大程度保证试件9处于轴压状态。The clamp 7 includes a reflective strip 71, an upper backing plate 72, a lower backing plate 73, a ball hinge 74, a loading rod 75, and a fixed frame 76. The top of the fixed frame 76 is provided with a through hole, and any two parallel sides have no baffles. The upper backing plate 72, the damaged concrete specimen 9 and the lower backing plate 73 are sequentially arranged in the fixed frame 76 from top to bottom; A reflective strip 71 is fixed on the side wall at one end, and the laser displacement sensor 8 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed frame 76 and is located directly below the reflective strip 71 . The reflective strip 71 is used for the laser displacement sensor 8 to measure the deformation of the damaged concrete specimen 9. The surfaces of the upper backing plate 72 and the lower backing plate 73 are oiled to reduce frictional resistance, and the ball joint 74 can ensure that the test piece 9 is in the axial position to the greatest extent. pressure state.
采用本实用新型所述的环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土应力-应变全曲线测试装置测量软水侵蚀环境下钙溶蚀损伤混凝土试件9的测试步骤及数据处理方式如下：Adopt the damage concrete stress-strain full curve testing device that environment corrosion causes of the utility model to measure the test procedure and the data processing method of calcium dissolution damage concrete specimen 9 under soft water erosion environment as follows:
1)用游标卡尺测量损伤混凝土试件9的直径d及高度h。1) Measure the diameter d and height h of the damaged concrete specimen 9 with a vernier caliper.
2)将损伤混凝土试件9置于夹具7正中，并在夹具7上安装固定好激光位移传感器8。2) Place the damaged concrete specimen 9 in the center of the fixture 7, and install and fix the laser displacement sensor 8 on the fixture 7.
3)将刚性元件1固定于下压板3的卡槽内，然后把高度调节装置4、夹具7、压力传感器5和垫板6依次固定于下压板3正中，最后把上压板2置于刚性元件1及垫板6上，通过微调高度调节装置4的上盘41使垫板6与上压板2完全贴合。3) Fix the rigid element 1 in the slot of the lower platen 3, then fix the height adjustment device 4, clamp 7, pressure sensor 5 and backing plate 6 in the middle of the lower platen 3 in sequence, and finally place the upper platen 2 on the rigid element 1 and the backing plate 6, the backing plate 6 and the upper platen 2 are completely attached by fine-tuning the upper plate 41 of the height adjustment device 4.
4)将压力传感器5和激光位移传感器8分别与动态应变仪相连，然后将压力试验机与电脑联机，在相应程序中设置加载速度、加载方式等条件，然后开始试验，压力试验机对上压板2施加载荷，刚性元件1与损伤混凝土试件9共同受力 以提高试验机的刚度，从而使损伤混凝土试件9下降段的变形能够稳定发展，不会发生脆性破坏，至试验结束。4) Connect the pressure sensor 5 and the laser displacement sensor 8 to the dynamic strain gauge respectively, then connect the pressure testing machine to the computer, set the loading speed, loading mode and other conditions in the corresponding program, and then start the test. The pressure testing machine is aligned with the upper platen. 2 Apply load, the rigid element 1 and the damaged concrete specimen 9 are jointly stressed to increase the stiffness of the testing machine, so that the deformation of the damaged concrete specimen 9 in the descending section can develop stably without brittle failure until the end of the test.
5)根据动态应变仪记录的荷载F及混凝土试件9的变形量S信息，按式计算混凝土试件9的应力σ；按式计算混凝土试件9的应变ε。其中A为受力面积，d为混凝土试件9的直径，h为混凝土试件9的高度。5) According to the load F recorded by the dynamic strain gauge and the deformation S information of the concrete specimen 9, press the formula Calculate the stress σ of the concrete specimen 9; according to the formula Calculate the strain ε of the concrete specimen 9. Wherein A is the stress area, d is the diameter of the concrete test piece 9, and h is the height of the concrete test piece 9.
6)利用绘图软件绘制软水侵蚀环境下钙溶蚀损伤混凝土试件9的应力-应变全曲线，如图6所示。6) Use drawing software to draw the stress-strain full curve of calcium dissolution damaged concrete specimen 9 under soft water erosion environment, as shown in Fig. 6 .
综上所述，本实用新型在实验时，可直接安装到普通压力试验机上，制作简单，安装方便，可精确的测量出环境腐蚀引起的损伤混凝土的应力-应变全曲线。In summary, the utility model can be directly installed on an ordinary pressure testing machine during the experiment, which is simple to manufacture and convenient to install, and can accurately measure the full stress-strain curve of damaged concrete caused by environmental corrosion.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105910891A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-08-31 | 南京理工大学 | Testing device for damage concrete stress-strain whole curve caused by environment corrosion |
| CN107036893A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-08-11 | 南京理工大学 | The compact formed process mechanical behavior test device of bulk material and its method of testing |
| CN112326941A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-05 | 大连交通大学 | Strain testing device based on concrete extreme environment |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105910891A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-08-31 | 南京理工大学 | Testing device for damage concrete stress-strain whole curve caused by environment corrosion |
| CN107036893A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-08-11 | 南京理工大学 | The compact formed process mechanical behavior test device of bulk material and its method of testing |
| CN112326941A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-05 | 大连交通大学 | Strain testing device based on concrete extreme environment |
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