CN109882241A - The equipment and construction method that headroom detects after just propping up for Tunneling by mining method - Google Patents
The equipment and construction method that headroom detects after just propping up for Tunneling by mining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109882241A CN109882241A CN201910181927.2A CN201910181927A CN109882241A CN 109882241 A CN109882241 A CN 109882241A CN 201910181927 A CN201910181927 A CN 201910181927A CN 109882241 A CN109882241 A CN 109882241A
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of equipment and construction method detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch, equipment includes mobile unit, traction unit, detection unit, connection unit, control unit, and mobile unit is trolley, and trolley is along default guide rail operation；Traction unit includes guide rail, and guide rail is arranged along tunnel centerline direction, runs trolley along the orbital direction of guide rail；Connection unit is set on trolley, and connection unit includes first connecting portion part and second connecting portion part, and wherein second connecting portion part is connecting steel wire ropes；The lower part of detection unit connects first connecting portion part, connect detection unit with the trolley, and the top of detection unit is connected with one end of second connecting portion part, and detection unit outer diameter is identical as shield diameter；Control unit includes sensor, and sensor is set on trolley, and the input terminal of sensor is connected with the other end of second connecting portion part, for measuring the tension of connecting steel wire ropes；Equipment provided by the invention is simple and reliable, and use cost is low, and work efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection device of engineering construction field and methods, specifically, what is involved is one kind to be used for mine
The equipment and construction method that headroom detects after method tunnel just props up.
Background technique
With the development of national economy, the process of metro construction is constantly accelerated, while being also faced with more and more
Challenge.When geological condition changes greatly along subway tunnel, single shield method or Mining Method have been unable to satisfy construction demand,
The construction method that need to be combined using Mining Method with shield method excavates tunnel.
When tunnel is constructed using " Mining Method excavation+shield method lining cutting " engineering method, the headroom of Tunneling by mining method section is shadow
Can shield machine be rung smoothly push away the key factor by Mining Method section by sky.What Chen Wen was delivered in 2018 at " building materials and decoration "
By to Guangzhou, Dongguan in " shield sky pushes through the construction risk and quality control method of Tunneling by mining method in bad ground " text
Etc. the constructing metro tunnel situation on ground analyzed, it is indicated that shield sky push through Tunneling by mining method engineering method faced in construction it is primary
Risk is that Tunneling by mining method is owed to dig, and shield sky is caused to block cutterhead when pushing away.Therefore, it is necessary to be directed to shield air pushing section, one is proposed
The equipment and its construction method of headroom after kind detection Tunneling by mining method just props up.
Currently, being widely used carrying out repetition measurement in the related technology to Tunneling by mining method section headroom and choosing certain section
The manual measurement method of arranged for interval measuring point, however this method need to put into a large amount of labours, whole work efficiency is lower, and can not
It checks completely and owes to dig situation.It is found through being retrieved to existing technical literature, the number of applying for a patent are as follows: 201310561836.4, publication number
Are as follows: CN103557828B, patent name are as follows: tunnel clearance measurement instrument, the patent readme " can accurately detect the number of Tunnel Overbreak & Underbreak
According to ".However, the patent is to determine whether out break by the variation size of the distance value shown on rangefinder, but it is not right
The size of changing value provides specific differentiation standard, therefore can not intuitively detect whether tunnel is owed to dig.In addition, the unit includes
Multiple hydraulic rod pieces, more piece vertical bar, more fixed links and multiple rangefinders, structure is relative complex, and the stability of unit is poor.
Therefore, it is badly in need of proposing a kind of easy to operate and accurately intuitively progress the practical of headroom detection after Tunneling by mining method just branch can be set
It is standby.The invention patent proposes a kind of equipment and construction method that can intuitively, accurately detect Tunneling by mining method headroom, simply
Easy, high reliablity solves the problems, such as not checking that tunnel is owed to dig situation comprehensively, avoids owing to dig position intrusion shield
Cutterhead and cause shield that can not promote, device structure is simple, and work efficiency is high, have preferable social and economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The present invention In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, proposes a kind of for headroom inspection after Tunneling by mining method just branch
The equipment and construction method of survey intuitive, accurately can detect Tunneling by mining method headroom, and structure is simple, easy to operate,
And it is with good stability, working efficiency can be significantly improved, construction cost is saved.
First aspect provided by the invention are as follows: a kind of equipment detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch, it is described to set
Standby includes mobile unit, traction unit, detection unit, connection unit, control unit, wherein
The mobile unit is trolley；
The traction unit includes guide rail, and the guide rail is laid with along tunnel centerline direction, and the trolley is along the guide rail
Operation；
The connection unit is set on the trolley, and the connection unit includes first connecting portion part and second connecting portion
Part, wherein the second connecting portion part is connecting steel wire ropes；
The lower part of the detection unit connects described first connecting portion part, connect the detection unit with the trolley,
The top of the detection unit connects one end of the second connecting portion part, outer diameter and the shield diameter phase of the detection unit
Together；
Described control unit includes sensor, and the sensor is set on the trolley, the input terminal of the sensor
The other end for connecting the connecting steel wire ropes, for measuring the tension of the connecting steel wire ropes；
The trolley drives the detection unit to run along the guide rail, by the outer diameter and tunnel cross-section of the detection unit
Diameter be compared, realize to Tunneling by mining method just prop up after headroom detect.
Preferably, the mobile unit refers to the Simple small that can be moved on default guide rail.
It is highly preferred that the Simple small can be the four-wheel vehicle frame of a unpowered unit, set on the Simple small
Set the seat towards detection unit.The seat can be convenient construction personnel's operation, observation device, guarantee its safe operation.
In the present invention, detection unit periphery is exactly circle pipe support made of hollow steel pipe, therefore the detection unit is outer
Diameter just refers to the outer diameter of outer circle steel pipe frame.
Preferably, the detection unit is put down by several No. 1 straight steel pipe connection first layer plane steel pipe frames and the second layer
Face steel pipe frame and the space steel pipe frame constituted.No. 1 straight steel pipe is stainless-steel pipe, and it is single that quantity needs to meet the detection
The rigidity requirement of member, No. 1 straight steel pipe is by being welded to connect first layer plane steel pipe frame and second layer plane steel pipe frame.
Preferably, the plane steel pipe frame is made of 1 outer circle steel pipe frame and 1 quadrangle steel pipe frame, wherein described outer
Round tube frame is formed by 4 curved steel-pipe weldings, and diameter is consistent with shield machine outer diameter, and the curved steel pipe is that central angle is 90 degree
Stainless-steel pipe, radius of curvature is consistent with shield machine radius；The quadrangle steel pipe frame is welded by 4 No. 2 straight steel pipes
It forms, is inscribed in outer circle steel pipe frame plane, and weld by four vertex and outer circle.
It is highly preferred that No. 2 straight steel pipes are stainless-steel pipe, the quartering position of the two sides of every No. 2 straight steel pipes is logical
It crosses 1 No. 3 straight steel pipe and outer circle steel pipe frame welds.
Preferably, there is one or more of feature:
Described first connecting portion part includes the first vertical bar, the second vertical bar, the first steel fork and the second steel fork, wherein described the
One vertical bar and second vertical bar are individually fixed in the rear end of the trolley, first steel fork and second steel fork one end point
Do not connect first vertical bar and second vertical bar, the other end of first steel fork and second steel fork company of occlusion respectively
Connect the bottom of the detection unit；
The two tooth steel that first steel fork and second steel fork are welded by one block of steel plate and two steel bars respectively
Fork, is connected with the detection unit lower part；
Multiple grooves, first steel fork and described second are symmetrically arranged on first vertical bar and second vertical bar
Steel fork passes through connector respectively and connect with the upper groove of first vertical bar and second vertical bar, described in adjusting
The link position of first steel fork and second steel fork and first vertical bar and second vertical bar, by first steel fork and
Second steel fork is set to suitable height.
In the present invention, the adjusting to detection unit height can be realized by adjusting the height of steel fork.Since shield sky pushes away
Shield machine can be slided directly on guide table when crossing Tunneling by mining method, thus for theoretically detection device bottom should with lead
It is bonded to platform, but due to being just still filled with peastone between branch and shield support section of jurisdiction in practice, detection unit is most
Specific height of the lower end away from guide table is different due to different construction requirements.
First vertical bar, second vertical bar can be hollow steel pipe, be fixed on the rear end of Simple small.Described first
Small groove is equipped on vertical bar, second vertical bar at a certain distance, for connecting steel fork.
Steel fork is stably connected with by bolt with it in the groove of vertical bar, can be adjusted according to the concrete condition of tunnel cross-section and
The connection height of vertical bar.
Preferably, the detection unit includes the first plane steel pipe frame and the second plane steel pipe frame, first flat steel
The space steel pipe frame that pipe support and the second plane steel pipe frame are connected and composed by straight steel pipe, wherein the first plane steel pipe
Frame and the second plane steel pipe frame are made of outer circle steel pipe frame and quadrangle steel pipe frame respectively, and the outer circle steel pipe frame is by multiple
Curved steel-pipe welding forms, and the diameter of the outer circle steel pipe frame is consistent with shield machine outer diameter.
Preferably, the equipment includes setting guide table, and the guide table is arch steel concrete guide table,
The guide rail is layed on the guide table.
The guide rail is simple guide rail frame, and its spacing matches with Simple small wheelspan, trend and tunnel centerline direction
Unanimously, running track is provided for trolley.
The arch steel concrete guide table is constructed by the requirement that shield sky pushes away, and thickness and intensity need to meet shield
The requirement that structure slides.
Preferably, the equipment further includes traction unit, and the traction unit includes electric winch and haulage cable, institute
The one end for stating haulage cable is connected on the electric winch, and the other end of the haulage cable is fixed in fixed in front of tunnel
Point.
Preferably, the electric winch can be small-power hoist engine, be fixed on the front end of the trolley, can be entire dress
Offer power is provided.
Preferably, the haulage cable can select steel wire rope, and one end is connected to the roller of electric winch
On, the other end is anchored in fixed point in front of tunnel using steel nail.
Preferably, described control unit further includes computer and controller, and the computer is equipped with control software, described
Computer connects the output end of the sensor, and the sensor will measure resulting real-time tension value and be transmitted to the calculating
Machine, the data that can pass back to the sensor of control software are handled, and by digital data transmission to the control
Device.
It is highly preferred that the control software can be processed and be handled to the data that sensor is passed back, and by institute's total
Word signal passes through wire transmission to controller.
Preferably, the electric winch of the controller connection traction unit, the controller receive the computer and issue
Digital signal, and the relay signal for controlling electric winch movement is converted into, to control the electric winch
Operation.
Preferably, the controller refers to a micro PLC, by conducting wire respectively with computer and
Electric winch is connected.
It is highly preferred that described control unit is by 1 sensor, 1 computer and 1 controller composition, for controlling
The operation of whole equipment.
Preferably, the sensor is shaft pin sensor, can measure the tension of connecting steel wire ropes, and will measure resulting
Real-time tension value is transmitted to computer.
The second aspect provided by the invention is a kind of construction method detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch,
The construction method includes:
Step 1: construction makes guide table and is laid with simple guide rail frame；
It refers specifically to: (1) after the completion of Tunneling by mining method excavates and just branch is constructed, applying arch steel concrete guide flat
Platform, thickness and intensity need to meet the requirement that shield slides, and move towards consistent with tunnel axis；
(2) simple guide rail frame is laid with along tunnel axis on guide table.
Step 2: will test one end that equipment is set to tunnel, including, trolley is placed on simple guide rail frame, described small
Connection unit is set close to tunnel outer side on vehicle, the bottom of detection unit is connected to the trolley by the connection unit
On, the top of the detection unit is connected with sensor by connecting steel wire ropes；By the output end of controller in control unit
It connect, haulage cable one end of the traction unit is connected to described electronic with the electric winch of the traction unit
On winch, the other end is fixed on the fixed point in tunnel, is fixedly connected with the electricity close to the side of tunnel internal in the trolley
Dynamic winch realizes that the trolley is run along simple guide rail frame direction by the traction unit, and make the detection unit with it is described
Trolley synchronous operation；
It refers specifically to: (1) Simple small being placed on simple guide rail frame, on it close to the fixed electric mincing in tunnel internal side
Vehicle, thereon close to the fixed vertical bar in tunnel outer side and steel fork, and in the corresponding position of sound production computer of Simple small, sensor
And controller；
(2) by adjusting the bolt at connection unit steel fork and vertical bar, steel fork is fixed to suitable height；
(3) detection unit is placed, the bottom that will test unit is fixedly connected with the steel fork of connection unit, while passing through connection
The top that wirerope will test unit is connected with sensor；
(4) using conducting wire by the electric winch of the controller output end of control unit and traction unit connect, input terminal with
Computer connection；
(5) fixed point being anchored in steel nail in the tunnel of device front end；
(6) haulage cable one end is connected on the roller of electric winch, the other end is connected on steel nail.
Step 3: powering on, 220V alternating current is passed through to control unit respectively, electric winch is passed through 380V alternating current,
Start computer, set computer in described control unit and control software parameter value, specifically include: setting control software processing institute
State the threshold value of sensing data；Set the detection device speed of service limit value；Set the relay letter that the controller issues
Number；
Step 4: starting device, executes detection operation, detection process includes:
Situation one, situation two or situation three, wherein situation one is that headroom is qualified, and equipment operates normally；Situation two is headroom
It is unqualified, it is that detection process is lack of standardization by the controller arrestment operation of described control unit and situation three, by described
The controller arrestment of control unit is run.
Preferably, control unit parameter value is set in above-mentioned construction method third step includes:
(1) threshold value [δ] of control software processing sensing data is determined:
[δ]=(1-95%) G
Wherein, G is the weight of detection unit；
If tension in the connecting steel wire ropes that the sensor measures is less than the threshold value, in described control unit
First digital signal is passed in the controller by the control software of computer；If the connection steel wire that the sensor measures
Tension in rope is greater than the threshold value, and the second digital signal is passed in the controller by the control software；
(2) equipment speed of service limit value [V] is determined:
[V]=vkcosθ0
Wherein, vkFor the normal speed of the haulage cable, θ0For the initial folder of the haulage cable and horizontal plane
Angle；If the speed of service of the detection device is less than speed of service limit value, software is controlled by the first digital signal and is passed to the control
In device processed；If the speed of service of equipment is greater than the speed of service limit value, the second digital signal is passed to institute by the control software
It states in controller；
(3) relay signal that the controller issues is determined:
When the controller receives the first digital signal, the relay signal of operation ON is issued；When the controller is received
When to the second digital signal, the relay signal for stopping OFF being issued.
Preferably, in detection process described in above-mentioned the 4th step of construction method:
The headroom qualification is that equipment can the unimpeded operation in tunnel；
The headroom is unqualified to meet with obstruction during forward for equipment, detection unit touch tunnel owe to dig partially and
Tension is caused in the connecting steel wire ropes to be more than the threshold value, the computer passes through institute after receiving the data of the sensor
It states control software and the second digital signal is reached into the controller, the subsequent controller issues relay to the electric winch
Signal OFF, equipment is out of service, shows that tunnel clearance is unqualified, exists and owes to dig position, needs in time to dig deficient digging position
It removes；
The detection process is lack of standardization to there are special circumstances for equipment in the detection process, including the equipment speed of service is too fast
And the operation speed limit beyond the control software set, the detection device operating status are unstable so that the company
It connects tension in wirerope larger fluctuation occurs and exceeds threshold value, the second digital signal can be reached the control by the control software
Device, the subsequent controller issue relay signal OFF to the electric winch, and equipment is out of service.
The working principle of above equipment and construction method in the present invention:
Detection unit outer diameter is identical as shield diameter, is compared by will test unit with section size behind tunnel just branch
Headroom detects after can just propping up Tunneling by mining method.Guiding is applied in time after the completion of Tunneling by mining method excavates and just branch is constructed
Platform is simultaneously laid with simple guide rail frame, is subsequently mounted and starting device, equipment slowly drive into tunnel along simple guide rail frame.If equipment exists
The tension F that sensor measures connecting steel wire ropes in operational process then controls software in threshold range (i.e. 0≤F≤[δ])
One digital signal reaches controller, and controller issues relay signal ON, and electric winch remains operational, and shows that tunnel clearance is closed
Lattice, there is no owe to dig position.If the equipment tension F that sensor measures connecting steel wire ropes in the process of running is more than threshold value (i.e. F >
[δ]), then software, which is controlled, by the second digital signal reaches controller, controller issues relay signal OFF to electric winch, if
It is standby out of service, show that the position tunnel clearance is unqualified, exists and owe to dig position, need in time to cut deficient digging position,
Guarantee that Tunneling by mining method headroom is met the requirements.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention intuitive, accurately can carry out tunneling boring detection to Tunneling by mining method headroom, avoid owing to dig position intrusion
Shield cutter causes shield that can not promote, and structure is simple, easy to operate, and with good stability, can significantly improve
Working efficiency saves construction cost, has preferable social and economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is the overall structure side view of a preferred embodiment in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is detection unit structural schematic diagram in a preferred embodiment in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is detection unit working face rearview in a preferred embodiment in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is connection unit structural schematic diagram in a preferred embodiment in the present invention；
Figure acceptance of the bid note is expressed as: 1 being Simple small, 2 is seat, 3 is detection unit, 4 is vertical bar, 5 is steel fork, 6
It is connecting steel wire ropes for bolt, 7,8 be electric winch, 9 be haulage cable, 10 be steel nail, 11 be sensor, 12 is calculating
Machine, 13 be controller, 14 be No. 1 straight steel pipe, 15 be curved steel pipe, 16 be No. 2 straight steel pipes, 17 be No. 3 straight steel pipes, 18 be simply to lead
Rail, 19 be guide table, 20 be just prop up.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
The present invention provides a kind of equipment and construction method detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch, by originally setting
Standby and construction method intuitive, accurately can carry out tunneling boring detection to Tunneling by mining method headroom, avoid owing to dig position intrusion shield
Structure cutterhead causes shield that can not promote.
It need to be passed through in longer section of extremely hard rock work progress in certain subway tunnel, using " Mining Method excavation+shield method serves as a contrast
Block " engineering method is constructed, and shield diameter is 6250mm.It is complete in branch and guide table 19 at the beginning of Tunneling by mining method according to design requirement
At being laid with simple track after construction, after just being propped up using Tunneling by mining method headroom detection device and its construction method to tunnel clearance into
Row detection, check owe dig size, in time to invade limit part cut, guarantee the smoother of Tunneling by mining method, it is ensured that shield is smooth
It promotes.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of equipment that headroom after just propping up for Tunneling by mining method detects, including mobile single
Member, traction unit, detection unit 3, connection unit, control unit.
As shown in Figure 1, mobile unit is the unpowered device Simple small 1 that can be moved on default guide rail, wheelspan
For 900mm, the seat 2 towards detection unit 3 is installed thereon, seat 2 can be convenient construction personnel's operation, observation is set
It is standby, guarantee its safe operation.
The lower part of detection unit 3 connects first connecting portion part, connect detection unit 3 with Simple small 1, detection unit 3
Top be connected with one end of connecting steel wire ropes 7,3 outer diameter of detection unit is identical as shield diameter.
In the preferred embodiment of part: as Figure 2-3, detection unit 3 refers to by 4 No. 1 straight steel pipe 14 connections first
Layer plane steel pipe frame and second layer plane steel pipe frame and the space steel pipe frame constituted.In the specific implementation: the ginseng of No. 1 straight steel pipe 14
Number can be selected: outer diameter 20mm, wall thickness 2mm, long 400mm.
Wherein, the first plane steel pipe frame and the second plane steel pipe frame are by 1 outer circle steel pipe frame and 1 quadrangle steel respectively
Pipe support is constituted.Outer circle steel pipe frame is welded by 4 curved steel pipes 15；Quadrangle steel pipe frame is welded by 4 No. 2 straight steel pipes 16
It connects, is inscribed in outer circle steel pipe frame plane, and weld by four vertex and outer circle, and the two of every No. 2 straight steel pipes 16
It is welded by 1 No. 3 straight steel pipe 17 and outer circle steel pipe frame the quartering position of side.In the specific implementation: each portion in detection unit 3
Part can be respectively as follows: curved steel pipe 15 with selected parameter can select radius of curvature 3125mm, wall thickness 2mm, the steel that central angle is 90 °
Pipe；No. 2 straight steel pipes 16 can select the steel pipe of outer diameter 20mm, wall thickness 1mm, long 4420m；No. 3 straight steel pipes 17 can select outer diameter
The steel pipe of 20mm, wall thickness 1mm, long 458mm.
As shown in Figure 1, being set to connection unit on Simple small 1, connection unit is for connecting mobile unit and detection
Unit 3.Connection unit includes first connecting portion part and second connecting portion part, wherein second connecting portion part is connecting steel wire ropes 7.
In the preferred embodiment of part: first connecting portion part includes 2 vertical bar 4 and 2 steel forks 5, and respectively the first vertical bar and second are erected
Bar, the first steel fork and the second steel fork, wherein the first vertical bar and the second vertical bar are individually fixed in the rear end of Simple small 1, the first steel
Fork and second steel fork one end are separately connected the first vertical bar, the second vertical bar, and the other end of the first steel fork and the second steel fork is engaged respectively
The bottom of connecting detection unit 3；
The two tooth steel forks that first steel fork and the second steel fork are welded by one block of steel plate and two steel bars respectively, it is single with detection
First 3 lower parts are connected；
Multiple grooves are symmetrically arranged on first vertical bar and the second vertical bar, the first steel fork and the second steel fork pass through bolt 6 respectively
With connect at the upper groove of the first vertical bar and the second vertical bar, pass through and adjust the first steel fork and the second steel fork and the first vertical bar and second
First steel fork and the second steel fork are set to suitable height by the link position of vertical bar.
First vertical bar, the second vertical bar can be hollow steel pipe, be fixed on the rear end of Simple small 1.First vertical bar, second are erected
Small groove is symmetrically arranged on bar at a certain distance, for connecting steel fork 5.
Second connecting portion part is connecting steel wire ropes 7 in connection unit.Connecting steel wire ropes 7 can be with selected parameter are as follows: diameter
The stainless steel wirerope of 6 × 19 specifications of 6.2mm, one end are connected to the top of detection unit 3, the other end and 11 phase of sensor
Even.
As shown in Figure 4: vertical bar 4 is fixed on the rear end of Simple small 1, and vertical bar 4 is equipped with multiple grooves, in groove location benefit
It is fixedly connected with bolt 6 with steel fork 5, the connection height with vertical bar 4 can be adjusted by bolt 6.
In the specific implementation: vertical bar 4 can be with selected parameter in connection unit are as follows: two high 1200mm, outer diameter 60mm, interior
The hollow round steel pipe of diameter 46mm, is fixed on the rear end of Simple small 1, and small groove is arranged at interval of 60mm thereon.Steel fork 5
It can be with selected parameter are as follows: be soldered in parallel by the steel bar of 2 root long 450mm on the steel plate of 1 piece of long 700mm, width 50mm, thickness 12mm
Made of two tooth steel forks, 2 steel bar spacing, that is, steel fork 5 opening is 40mm.
As shown in Figure 1, traction unit includes guide rail, electric winch 8 and haulage cable 9.Along tunnel, centerline direction is set
Guide rail is set, runs Simple small 1 along guide rail；
As a preferred embodiment: two light rails, and track is arranged in guide table 19 along tunnel centerline direction
Spacing matches with Simple small 1.Such as: two 8kg light rails can be laid with.
Electric winch 8 is fixed on the front end of Simple small 1, provides the power of whole equipment.Such as: it can specifically select one
Platform power is the JK0.5 type martial prowess board hoist engine of 2.2KW.One end of haulage cable 9 is connected on the roller of electric winch 8,
The other end is connected with steel nail 10, and steel nail 10 is anchored in tunnel front end.The carbon steel of 6 × 37 specifications of diameter 8.7mm can be selected
Wirerope.
As shown in Figure 1, control unit is made of three parts, including sensor 11, computer 12 and controller 13.Sensing
Device 11 is used to measure the tension of connecting steel wire ropes 7, and will measure resulting real-time tension value and be transmitted to computer 12.Sensor 11
It is fixed on Simple small 1, input terminal is connected with connecting steel wire ropes 7, and output end is connect by conducting wire with computer 12.Such as:
Sensor 11 can be using the high spirit CFZX shaft pin sensor in a small-sized Bangbu.
Computer 12 is a common computer for being equipped with control software.Control software can pass sensor 11 back
Data are processed and are handled, and digital signal is passed through wire transmission to controller 13.
Controller 13 refers to: a micro PLC, passes through conducting wire and 8 phase of computer 12 and electric winch
Connection.It can receive the digital signal of the sending of computer 12, and be converted into the relay letter that control electric winch 8 moves
Number, to control the operation of whole device.
Based on above-mentioned equipment, the present embodiment the second aspect is provided a kind of for headroom inspection after Tunneling by mining method just branch
The construction method of survey, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: construction makes guide table 19 and is laid with simple guide rail frame 18, it is specific:
(1) after the completion of Tunneling by mining method excavates and just branch 20 is constructed, arch steel concrete guide table 19 is applied,
Thickness and intensity need to meet the requirement that shield slides, and move towards consistent with tunnel axis；
(2) simple guide rail frame 18 is laid with along tunnel axis on guide table 19.
Step 2: equipment is mounted on to the one end in tunnel, it is specific:
(1) Simple small 1 is placed on simple guide rail frame 18, fixes electric winch 8 close to tunnel internal side on it,
It is upper to fix vertical bar 4 and steel fork 5 close to tunnel outer side, and in the corresponding position of sound production sensor 11 of Simple small 1, computer
12 and controller 13；
(2) by adjusting the bolt 6 at connection unit steel fork 5 and vertical bar 4, steel fork 5 is fixed to suitable height；
(3) detection unit 3 is placed, the bottom that will test unit 3 is fixedly connected with the steel fork 5 of connection unit, to steel fork 5
Height is finely adjusted, and makes 3 bottom of detection unit and 19 distance 150mm of guide table, while will by connecting steel wire ropes 7
The top of detection unit 3 is connected with sensor 11；
(4) electric winch 8 of 13 output end of controller of control unit and traction unit is connected using conducting wire, input terminal
It is connect with computer 12；
(5) fixed point being anchored in steel nail 10 in the tunnel of unit front end；
(6) 9 one end of haulage cable is connected on the roller of electric winch 8, the other end is connected on steel nail 10.
Step 3: powering on, 220V alternating current is passed through to control unit respectively, electric winch 8 is passed through 380V alternating current,
Start computer 12, sets control unit parameter value, specific:
(1) threshold value [δ] of control software processing 11 data of sensor is determined:
[δ]=(1-95%) G
Wherein, G is the weight of detection unit 3.In the present embodiment, G=550N, [δ]=27.5N.
If sensor 11 measures the tension in connecting steel wire ropes 7 less than threshold value (i.e. 0≤F≤[δ]=27.5N), control soft
First digital signal is passed in controller 13 by part；If sensor 11 measures the tension in connecting steel wire ropes 7 greater than threshold value (i.e. F
> [δ]=27.5N), the second digital signal is passed in controller 13 by control software.First digital signal, the second digital signal
Can according to actually being set, such as 0,1 etc., be also possible to the signal of other forms.
(2) equipment speed of service limit value [V] is determined:
[V]=vkcosθ0
Wherein, vkFor the normal speed of haulage cable 9, θ0For the initial angle of haulage cable 9 and horizontal plane.This reality
It applies in example, vk=16m/min=0.27m/s, θ0=30 °, [V]=0.23m/s.
If the speed of service of equipment is less than speed of service limit value (i.e. v≤[V]=0.23m/s), control software is counted first
Word signal is passed in controller 13；If the speed of service of equipment is greater than speed of service limit value (i.e. v > [V]=0.23m/s), control
Second digital signal is passed in controller 13 by software.
(3) relay signal that controller 13 issues is determined:
When controller 13 receives the first digital signal, the relay signal of operation (ON) is issued；When controller 13 receives
When the second digital signal, the relay signal for stopping (OFF) is issued, the first digital signal is the 1, second number letter in the present embodiment
Number be 0, i.e.,
Step 4: starting device, executes detection operation.Following three kinds of situations are primarily present in detection process:
Situation one: headroom is qualified.
Equipment can the unimpeded operation in tunnel, then tunnel clearance is qualified.
Situation two: headroom is unqualified.
Equipment meets with obstruction during forward, and detection unit 3 touches tunnel and owes to dig part and lead to connecting steel wire ropes 7
Middle tension exceeds threshold value (i.e. F > [δ]=27.5N), and computer 12 will by control software after receiving the data of sensor 11
Second digital signaling zero reaches controller 13, and subsequent controller 13 issues relay signal OFF to electric winch 8, and equipment stops fortune
Row, shows that tunnel clearance is unqualified, exists and owes to dig position, needs in time to cut deficient digging position.
Situation three: detection process is lack of standardization.
There are special circumstances in the detection process in equipment, as the equipment speed of service is too fast and beyond control software set fortune
Row speed limit (i.e. v > [V]=0.23m/s), equipment running status it is unstable so that in connecting steel wire ropes 7 tension occur it is larger
Fluctuate and exceed threshold value (i.e. F > [δ]=27.5N) etc., controller 13 can be reached for the second digital signaling zero by controlling software at this time,
Subsequent controller 13 issues relay signal OFF to electric winch 8, and equipment is out of service, need to check equipment, and to phase
It closes parameter to be corrected, guarantees equipment even running, detect accurate.
The present embodiment is utilized for headroom detection device and its construction method after Tunneling by mining method just branch, can be intuitively to mine
Mountain method tunnel just prop up after headroom detected, in time grasp Tunneling by mining method with the presence or absence of owe dig situation, it is ensured that shield it is smooth
It promotes.
It is discussed in detail although the contents of the present invention have passed through above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned retouch
It states and is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read above content, for of the invention more
Kind modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be by the attached claims.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of for Tunneling by mining method just prop up after headroom detect equipment, which is characterized in that the equipment include mobile unit,
Traction unit, detection unit, connection unit and control unit, wherein
The mobile unit is trolley；
The traction unit includes guide rail, and the guide rail is laid with along tunnel centerline direction, and the trolley is run along the guide rail；
The connection unit is set on the trolley, the connection unit includes first connecting portion part and second connecting portion part,
In, the second connecting portion part is connecting steel wire ropes；
The lower part of the detection unit connects described first connecting portion part, connect the detection unit with the trolley, described
The top of detection unit connects one end of the second connecting portion part, and the outer diameter of the detection unit is identical as shield diameter；
Described control unit includes sensor, and the sensor is set on the trolley, the input terminal connection of the sensor
The other end of the connecting steel wire ropes, for measuring the tension of the connecting steel wire ropes；
The trolley drives the detection unit to run along the guide rail, by the straight of the outer diameter of the detection unit and tunnel cross-section
Diameter is compared, and realizes that headroom detects after just propping up Tunneling by mining method.
2. a kind of equipment detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: tool
There is one or more of feature:
Described first connecting portion part includes the first vertical bar, the second vertical bar, the first steel fork and the second steel fork, wherein described first is perpendicular
Bar and second vertical bar are individually fixed in the rear end of the trolley, one end difference of first steel fork and second steel fork
Connect first vertical bar and second vertical bar, the other end of first steel fork and second steel fork is connected respectively
In the bottom of the detection unit；
The two tooth steel forks that first steel fork and second steel fork are welded by one block of steel plate and two steel bars respectively, with
The detection unit lower part is connected；
Multiple grooves, first steel fork and second steel fork are symmetrically arranged on first vertical bar and second vertical bar
It is connect respectively by connector with the upper groove of first vertical bar and second vertical bar, by adjusting described first
The link position of steel fork and second steel fork and first vertical bar and second vertical bar, by first steel fork and described
Second steel fork is set to suitable height.
3. a kind of equipment detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
It states detection unit and includes the first plane steel pipe frame and the second plane steel pipe frame, the first plane steel pipe frame and second plane
Steel pipe frame connects and composes space steel pipe frame by straight steel pipe；
The first plane steel pipe frame and the second plane steel pipe frame are made of outer circle steel pipe frame and quadrangle steel pipe frame respectively,
Wherein, the outer circle steel pipe frame is formed by curved steel-pipe welding, and the quadrangle steel pipe frame is inscribed in the outer circle steel pipe frame plane,
And welded by four vertex and outer circle, the diameter of the outer circle steel pipe frame is consistent with shield machine outer diameter.
4. a kind of equipment detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating equipment includes setting guide table, and the guide table is arch steel concrete guide table, and the guide rail is layed in institute
It states on guide table.
5. a kind of equipment detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating traction unit further includes electric winch and haulage cable, and one end of the haulage cable is connected to the electric winch
On, the other end of the haulage cable is anchored in fixed point in front of tunnel.
6. a kind of equipment detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating control unit further includes computer and controller, is equipped with control software in the computer, described in the computer connection
The output end of sensor, the sensor will measure resulting real-time tension value and be transmitted to the computer, the control software
The data that can be passed back to the sensor are handled, and by digital data transmission to the controller.
7. a kind of equipment detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
The electric winch that controller connects the traction unit is stated, the controller receives the number that the computer issues
Signal, and it is converted into the relay signal for controlling the electric winch movement, to control the operation of the electric winch.
8. a kind of construction method detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch, it is characterised in that: include:
Production guide table is simultaneously laid with guide rail；
It will test one end that equipment is set to tunnel, including, trolley is placed on guide rail, close to tunnel outer on the trolley
Connection unit is arranged in side, will test unit by the connection unit and is connected on the trolley, by connecting steel wire ropes and passes
Sensor is connected；The output end of controller in control unit is connect with the electric winch of the traction unit, is led described
The haulage cable one end for drawing unit is connected on the electric winch, and the other end is fixed on the fixed point in tunnel, described
Trolley is fixedly connected with the electric winch close to the side of tunnel internal, realizes the trolley described in by the traction unit
Guide rail is run into tunnel, and runs simultaneously the detection unit and the trolley；
It sets computer in described control unit and controls software parameter value, comprising: the setting control software handles the sensing
The threshold value of device data；Set the detection unit speed of service limit value；Set the relay signal that the controller issues；
Starting device executes detection operation, and testing result includes: situation one, situation two or situation three, wherein situation one is net
Empty qualified, equipment operates normally；Situation two is that headroom is unqualified, is transported by the controller arrestment of described control unit
Row；Situation three is that detection process is lack of standardization, is run by the controller arrestment of described control unit.
9. a kind of construction method detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch according to claim 8, feature exist
In: computer controls software parameter value in setting described control unit, comprising:
(1) threshold value [δ] of control software processing sensing data is determined:
[δ]=(1-95%) G
Wherein, G is the weight of the detection unit；
If the tension in the connecting steel wire ropes that the sensor measures is less than the threshold value, the control software is counted first
Word signal is passed in the controller；If the tension in the connecting steel wire ropes that the sensor measures is greater than the threshold value,
Second digital signal is passed in the controller by the control software；
(2) equipment speed of service limit value [V] is determined:
[V]=vkcosθ0
Wherein, vkFor the normal speed of the haulage cable, θ0For the initial angle of the haulage cable and horizontal plane；If
The speed of service of the detection device is less than speed of service limit value, controls software for the first digital signal and is passed to the controller
In；If the speed of service of equipment is greater than the speed of service limit value, the second digital signal is passed to the control by the control software
In device processed；
(3) relay signal that the controller issues is determined:
When the controller receives the first digital signal, the relay signal of operation ON is issued；When the controller receives
When two digital signal, the relay signal for stopping OFF being issued.
10. a kind of construction method detected for headroom after Tunneling by mining method just branch according to claim 9, feature exist
In: the headroom is qualified are as follows: the equipment can the unimpeded operation in tunnel；
The headroom is unqualified are as follows: the equipment meets with obstruction during forward, and the detection unit touches tunnel and owes to dig
Partially leading to tension in the connecting steel wire ropes is more than the threshold value, after the computer receives the data of the sensor
Second digital signal is reached into the controller by the control software, the subsequent controller is to the electric winch
Relay signal OFF is issued, equipment is out of service, shows that tunnel clearance is unqualified, exists and owes to dig position, needs to owe to described in time
Position is dug to be cut；
The detection process is lack of standardization are as follows: special circumstances, including equipment speed of service mistake occurs in the detection process in the equipment
The operation speed limit fast and beyond the control software set, the detection device operating status are unstable so that described
Tension occurs larger fluctuation and exceeds the threshold value in connecting steel wire ropes, and the control software can pass second digital signal
To the controller, the subsequent controller issues relay signal OFF to the electric winch, and equipment is out of service.
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| CN208520397U (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-02-19 | 云南航天工程物探检测股份有限公司 | Based on vcehicular tunnel vehicle intelligent detection platform |
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| JP2002168617A (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-14 | Shinei Denshi Keisokki Kk | Device and system for measuring tubular object such as tunnel |
| CN103575192A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-12 | 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 | Tunnel measuring instrument |
| CN204783047U (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-11-18 | 中铁二十局集团第四工程有限公司 | Multi -functional tunnel platform truck |
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