CN109881592B - Trapezoidal drainage ditch construction method adopting single-side formwork - Google Patents
Trapezoidal drainage ditch construction method adopting single-side formwork Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A construction method of a trapezoidal drainage ditch adopting a single-side formwork. It includes forming a template system; cleaning, flattening and rolling the surface of the field; placing an excavation line; excavating earthwork to form a trapezoidal drainage ditch; installing a pull ring; pouring a bottom plate of the trapezoid drainage ditch; placing the template system on a base plate; completing reinforcement of the template system; pouring a wall body; and removing the template system and the like. The invention has the following effects: the drainage construction method is suitable for drainage construction of the trapezoidal drainage ditch of the high-speed railway roadbed, passenger and cargo collinear roadbed, the trapezoidal drainage ditch of the passenger and cargo collinear railway roadbed, the trapezoidal drainage ditch of the high-speed highway roadbed, other municipal public works, the trapezoidal drainage ditch, and the like, and can ensure the appearance quality and linearity of the drainage ditch, greatly reduce the using quantity of turnover materials such as templates, shelf pipes and the like, accelerate the construction speed of the drainage ditch, minimize the construction cost, shorten the construction period, optimize the engineering quality, improve the economic benefit of construction enterprises, and increase the value for engineering construction and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction engineering construction, and particularly relates to construction of a trapezoidal drainage ditch which is suitable for the professions such as high-speed railways, passenger and cargo special lines, passenger and cargo collinear railways, expressways, municipal public works and the like and adopts a single-side formwork.
Background
With the rapid development of construction technology, the requirements on the appearance quality and the durability of engineering are higher and higher, and engineering designers and builders attach more and more importance to the influence of auxiliary engineering on main engineering. A large amount of turnover materials are often needed in the construction process of the conventional trapezoidal drainage ditch, the reinforcement period is long, the adjustment of template linearity is labor-consuming and laborious, and the construction cost is increased. During the construction process, operators often do not pay attention to the adjustment of the template linearity, so that the concrete linearity is not smooth and straight, the appearance quality is poor, and the later maintenance cost is multiplied.
For the reasons, various control methods such as a template trolley method, a qualitative steel template double-side template method, a prefabricated trapezoidal groove splicing method and the like are sequentially generated in the construction process. However, the conventional trapezoidal drainage ditch construction methods described above have the following problems:
1. the impact force and concrete influence on the pressure on the template when the concrete pouring process is easily influenced by the concrete, and the problems of poor template stability, template running, overall template deformation and the like are easily caused. The problems of unsmooth concrete linearity, high later maintenance difficulty, high maintenance cost and the like are caused after the form removal.
2. The transverse and longitudinal frame pipes are used as keel reinforcing templates, and matched materials such as buckles, auxiliary steel bars and the like are needed, so that the using amount of turnover materials and the transportation amount are large.
3. All the templates, the frame pipes and the accessories need to be installed one by one, and the templates need to be dismantled one by one after the concrete pouring is finished. And the amount of the template, the frame pipe and the fittings is large, and extra operation time is needed in the process of transportation. In addition, the construction speed is slow, and the work efficiency is low.
In a word, although the appearance quality and linearity of the trapezoidal drainage ditch can well meet the design requirements by adopting the method, the template trolley has high manufacturing cost and needs to be paved with matched tracks; the qualitative steel template bilateral templates need to reserve certain working surfaces, so that fertilizer tank backfilling is generated, the stability of a drainage ditch is not facilitated, and diseases such as sinking and the like are easy to generate; the biggest problem of prefabricated trapezoidal escape canal is just that the transportation is inconvenient, and the installation need hoist and mount.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a trapezoidal drainage ditch using a single-side formwork.
In order to achieve the purpose, the construction method of the trapezoidal drainage ditch adopting the single-side formwork provided by the invention comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) before construction, a constructor selects a steel template with a proper size according to the design size of the trapezoid drainage ditch, polishes the surface of the steel template to remove rust, and then coats template paint for later use;
2) cutting the steel pipe according to the designed lengths of the upper supporting rod piece and the lower supporting rod piece, wherein the cut is wedge-shaped; then, the two templates are symmetrically arranged in an inverted splayed mode, then two ends of the two upper supporting rod pieces are respectively welded on the inner side surfaces of the upper parts of the two ends of the two templates, and two ends of the two lower supporting rod pieces are respectively welded on the inner side surfaces of the lower parts of the two ends of the two templates; thereby forming a rigid formwork support subsystem;
3) connecting the adjacent ends of the adjacent rigid template support subsystems by using template cards to form a template system;
4) cleaning the surface of the field outside the slope toe of the railway roadbed while manufacturing a template system, then leveling the field by matching an excavator with manpower, and then rolling the surface of the field tightly by adopting a small vibration roller;
5) placing excavation lines on the site according to the design positions of the trapezoidal drainage ditches, then placing excavation line pile positions according to the distance by using a total station, and scattering lines between two piles by using lime;
6) adopting a mechanical device to excavate earthwork according to the position of the lime line to form a trapezoidal drainage ditch, manually cleaning the ditch bottom and finishing the side slope of the trapezoidal drainage ditch to approach the design size of the trapezoidal drainage ditch and enable the bearing capacity of the foundation to meet the design requirement;
7) arranging a plurality of U-shaped reinforcing steel bars at intervals at positions close to the side slope and the bottom of the trapezoid drainage ditch, then binding the bottom plate reinforcing steel bars, and installing a plurality of pull rings at the top of the longitudinal middle of the bottom plate reinforcing steel bars;
8) pouring a bottom plate of the trapezoid drainage ditch and maintaining concrete, wherein the lower part of the pull ring is embedded in the bottom plate;
9) placing the inner side line of the trapezoidal drainage ditch on the bottom plate, then placing the template system on the bottom plate by using a crane, manually adjusting the template system to be straight according to the inner side line of the trapezoidal drainage ditch, and leaving a gap between the template system and the side slope of the trapezoidal drainage ditch; then, horizontally arranged compression bars are connected with the middle parts of all the upper supporting rod pieces by utilizing the cross-shaped card so as to enhance the integrity of the template system;
10) respectively installing a steel wire rope sleeve at the position of the compression bar above each pull ring, and then installing a tensioner between each steel wire rope sleeve and the corresponding pull ring, so that the compression bar and the pull rings are connected together to complete the reinforcement of the template system;
11) concrete is poured in a space between the template and the side slope of the trapezoidal drainage ditch to form a wall body of the trapezoidal drainage ditch, a vibrating rod is used for vibrating and compacting in the pouring process, and measures including water spraying and heat preservation are adopted to maintain the wall body according to different temperatures after pouring is finished;
12) and (4) removing the template system when the concrete strength of the wall body reaches over 75 percent, and transferring the template system to enter the next cycle until the construction process of the whole trapezoidal drainage ditch is completed.
In the step 1), the template is a steel template with the size of 9015.
In the step 2), the upper supporting rod piece and the lower supporting rod piece are made of steel pipes with the diameter of 48mm and the wall thickness of 3.5 mm.
In the step 5), the total station places the excavation line pile positions according to the distance of 20 m.
In step 7), the distance between the pull rings is 1.5m, and the individual sections are properly encrypted.
In the step 9), the compression bar adopts a shelf pipe with the length of 6m or 3m, the joint of two adjacent compression bars is lapped, the lapping length is not less than 50mm, and the two compression bars are connected together by two rotating clamps.
In the step 11), the curing days of the wall body are not less than 7 days.
The construction method of the trapezoidal drainage ditch adopting the unilateral formwork has the following beneficial effects:
the drainage construction method is suitable for drainage construction of the trapezoidal drainage ditch of the high-speed railway roadbed, passenger and cargo collinear roadbed, the trapezoidal drainage ditch of the passenger and cargo collinear railway roadbed, the trapezoidal drainage ditch of the high-speed highway roadbed, other municipal public works, the trapezoidal drainage ditch, and the like, and can ensure the appearance quality and linearity of the drainage ditch, greatly reduce the using quantity of turnover materials such as templates, shelf pipes and the like, accelerate the construction speed of the drainage ditch, minimize the construction cost, shorten the construction period, optimize the engineering quality, improve the economic benefit of construction enterprises, and increase the value for engineering construction and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a structure of a part of components used in the construction method of a trapezoidal drainage ditch using a single-side formwork according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a formwork used in the construction method of the trapezoidal drainage ditch using the single-side formwork provided by the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a combination state of a formwork and a bar member used in the construction method of the trapezoidal drainage ditch using the single-side formwork according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state in which the formwork and the bar members are combined, which are used in the construction method of the trapezoidal drainage ditch using the single-side formwork according to the present invention.
Fig. 5-6 are schematic views of the construction process of the trapezoidal drainage ditch adopting the single-side formwork construction method provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the method for forming a single-sided model of a trapezoidal drainage ditch according to the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
In a roadbed section of a certain high-speed railway interval, the length of the roadbed is 1435m, the height of the roadbed is 3.5-5.9m, a side slope adopts a concrete arch framework to slope, two sides of a roadbed slope foot are provided with reinforced concrete trapezoid drainage ditches, the bottom width of each trapezoid drainage ditch is 0.6m, the upper opening width of each drainage ditch is 1.796m, the depth of each trapezoid drainage ditch is 0.6m, the thicknesses of a bottom plate and a ditch body are 20cm, C30 reinforced concrete is adopted, and a drainage slope is reserved according to design requirements. The engineering is constructed by adopting the construction method provided by the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the method for constructing a trapezoidal drainage ditch using a single-side formwork according to the present invention comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) before construction, a constructor selects a steel template with the size of 9015 as a template 4 according to the design size of the trapezoid drainage ditch, and then the surface of the template is polished to remove rust and coated with template paint for later use;
2) cutting a steel pipe with the diameter of 48mm and the wall thickness of 3.5mm according to the designed lengths of the upper support rod piece 5 and the lower support rod piece 5', wherein the cut is wedge-shaped; then, the two templates 4 are symmetrically arranged in an inverted splayed manner, then two ends of the two upper support rods 5 are respectively welded on the inner side surfaces of the upper parts of the two ends of the two templates 4, and two ends of the two lower support rods 5' are respectively welded on the inner side surfaces of the lower parts of the two ends of the two templates 4; the full-length welding mode is adopted during welding, a welding opening is full, and a steel plate can be added locally for reinforcement, so that a rigid template support subsystem is manufactured;
3) connecting the adjacent ends of the adjacent rigid template support subsystems by using template cards to form a template system, wherein the connection length can be determined on site according to the segment length or the construction turnover length of the trapezoidal drainage ditch;
4) cleaning the surface of the field 1 outside the slope toe of the railway roadbed while manufacturing a template system, then leveling the field 1 by matching an excavator with manpower, and then rolling the surface of the field 1 tightly by adopting a small vibration roller;
5) placing an excavation line 2 on a field 1 according to the design position of a trapezoidal drainage ditch, then placing excavation line pile positions according to the distance of 20m by using a total station, and scattering a line between two piles by using lime;
6) adopting a mechanical device to excavate earthwork according to the position of the lime line to form a trapezoidal drainage ditch, manually cleaning the ditch bottom and finishing the side slope of the trapezoidal drainage ditch to approach the design size of the trapezoidal drainage ditch and enable the bearing capacity of the foundation 3 to meet the design requirement;
7) arranging a plurality of U-shaped reinforcing steel bars 6 at intervals at positions close to the side slope and the bottom of the trapezoid drainage ditch, then binding the bottom plate reinforcing steel bars, and installing a plurality of pull rings 7 at intervals of 1.5m at the top of the longitudinal middle of the bottom plate reinforcing steel bars, wherein individual sections can be properly encrypted;
8) pouring a bottom plate 8 of the trapezoid drainage ditch and maintaining concrete, wherein the lower part of the pull ring 7 is embedded in the bottom plate 8;
9) placing the inner side line of the trapezoidal drainage ditch on the bottom plate 8, then placing the template system on the bottom plate 8 by using a crane, manually adjusting the template system to be straight according to the inner side line of the trapezoidal drainage ditch, and keeping a gap between the template system and the side slope of the trapezoidal drainage ditch at the moment; then, horizontally arranged compression bars 9 are connected with the middle parts of all the upper supporting rod pieces 5 by using cross-shaped cards so as to enhance the integrity of the template system; the compression bars 9 can adopt frame pipes with the length of 6m or 3m, the joints of two adjacent compression bars 9 are lapped, the lapping length is not less than 50mm, and the two adjacent compression bars are connected together by two 'rotating clamps', so that the integrity of the compression bars 9 is ensured, and the stress deformation of the compression bars 9 is reduced;
10) respectively installing a steel wire rope sleeve 11 at the position, above each pull ring 7, of the compression bar 9, and then installing a tensioner 10 between each steel wire rope sleeve 11 and the corresponding pull ring 7, so that the compression bar 9 and the pull rings 7 are connected together to complete the reinforcement of the template system; the tension applied by the tensioner 10 in the tensioning process cannot be too large or too small, the compression bar 9 and the upper support rod 5 can be deformed when the tension is too large, and the concrete can be easily slightly displaced in the pouring process when the tension is too small, so that the geometric dimension of the trapezoidal drainage ditch and the stability of the formwork system can be affected when the tension is too large or too small. Therefore, in the construction process, the tension of the tensioner 10 is properly adjusted according to the indexes of the concrete pouring speed, the vibration time, the concrete workability and the like, so that the template system is ensured not to be displaced, and the rod piece is ensured not to be deformed excessively.
11) Concrete is poured in a space between the template 4 and a side slope of the trapezoid drainage ditch to form a wall body 12 of the trapezoid drainage ditch, a vibrating rod is used for vibrating and compacting in the pouring process, measures including water spraying and heat preservation are adopted to carry out maintenance on the wall body 12 according to different temperatures after pouring is finished, and the maintenance days are not less than 7 days;
12) and (3) when the concrete strength of the wall body 12 reaches over 75 percent, removing the template system, and transferring the template system to enter the next cycle until the construction process of the whole trapezoidal drainage ditch is completed.
Claims (7)
1. A construction method of a trapezoidal drainage ditch adopting a unilateral formwork is characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction method comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) before construction, a constructor selects a template (4) with a proper size according to the design size of the trapezoidal drainage ditch, polishes the surface of the template to remove rust, and then coats template paint for later use;
2) cutting the steel pipe according to the designed lengths of the upper support rod piece (5) and the lower support rod piece (5'), wherein the cut is wedge-shaped; then the two templates (4) are symmetrically arranged in an inverted splayed mode, then two ends of the two upper supporting rod pieces (5) are respectively welded on the inner side surfaces of the upper parts of the two ends of the two templates (4), and two ends of the two lower supporting rod pieces (5') are respectively welded on the inner side surfaces of the lower parts of the two ends of the two templates (4); thereby forming a rigid formwork support subsystem;
3) connecting the adjacent ends of the adjacent rigid template support subsystems by using template cards to form a template system;
4) when a template system is manufactured, the surface of a field (1) outside a slope toe of a railway roadbed is cleaned, then an excavator is adopted to match with manual work to level the field (1), and then a small vibration roller is adopted to roll the surface of the field (1) to be compact;
5) placing an excavation line (2) on a field (1) according to the design position of a trapezoidal drainage ditch, then placing excavation line pile positions according to the distance by using a total station, and scattering a line between two piles by using lime;
6) adopting a mechanical device to excavate earthwork according to the position of the lime line to form a trapezoidal drainage ditch, manually cleaning the ditch bottom and finishing the side slope of the trapezoidal drainage ditch to approach the design size of the trapezoidal drainage ditch and enable the bearing capacity of the foundation (3) to meet the design requirement;
7) a plurality of U-shaped reinforcing steel bars (6) are arranged in the trapezoidal drainage ditch at intervals close to the side slope and the ditch bottom, then the bottom plate reinforcing steel bars are tied up, and a plurality of pull rings (7) are arranged at the top of the longitudinal middle of the bottom plate reinforcing steel bars;
8) pouring a bottom plate (8) of the trapezoid drainage ditch and maintaining concrete, wherein the lower part of the pull ring (7) is embedded in the bottom plate (8);
9) placing the inner side line of the trapezoidal drainage ditch on the bottom plate (8), then placing the template system on the bottom plate (8) by using a crane, manually adjusting the template system to be straight according to the inner side line of the trapezoidal drainage ditch, and leaving a gap between the template system and the side slope of the trapezoidal drainage ditch; then, horizontally arranged compression rods (9) are connected with the middle parts of all the upper supporting rod pieces (5) by using a cross card so as to enhance the integrity of the template system;
10) respectively installing a steel wire rope sleeve (11) at the position, above each pull ring (7), of the compression bar (9), and then installing a tensioner (10) between each steel wire rope sleeve (11) and the corresponding pull ring (7), so that the compression bar (9) and the pull rings (7) are connected together to complete the reinforcement of the template system;
11) concrete is poured in a space between the template (4) and the side slope of the trapezoidal drainage ditch to form a wall body (12) of the trapezoidal drainage ditch, a vibrating rod is used for vibrating and compacting in the pouring process, and measures including water spraying and heat preservation are adopted to maintain the wall body (12) according to different temperatures after pouring is finished;
12) and (3) when the concrete strength of the wall body (12) reaches over 75 percent, removing the template system, and transporting the template system to enter the next cycle until the construction process of the whole trapezoidal drainage ditch is completed.
2. The method for constructing a trapezoidal drainage ditch using a single-side formwork according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the template (4) adopts a steel template with the size of 9015'.
3. The method for constructing a trapezoidal drainage ditch using a single-side formwork according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the upper support rod piece (5) and the lower support rod piece (5') adopt steel pipes with the diameter of 48mm and the wall thickness of 3.5 mm.
4. The method for constructing a trapezoidal drainage ditch using a single-side formwork according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 5), the total station places the excavation line pile positions according to the distance of 20 m.
5. The method for constructing a trapezoidal drainage ditch using a single-side formwork according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 7), the distance between the pull rings (7) is 1.5m, and the individual sections are properly encrypted.
6. The method for constructing a trapezoidal drainage ditch using a single-side formwork according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 9), the compression bars (9) adopt frame pipes with the length of 6m or 3m, the joints of two adjacent compression bars (9) are overlapped, the overlapping length is not less than 50mm, and the two compression bars are connected together by using two 'turning clamps'.
7. The method for constructing a trapezoidal drainage ditch using a single-side formwork according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 11), the curing days of the wall body (12) are not less than 7 days.
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| CN111501446B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-08-06 | 中铁十四局集团第五工程有限公司 | Device and method for controlling size of reserved groove of ballastless turnout switch machine |
| CN113389259A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-09-14 | 山东正元建设工程有限责任公司 | Construction method of large-section trapezoidal concrete drainage ditch |
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| CN207812625U (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-09-04 | 中建三局第二建设工程有限责任公司 | Special-shaped gutter template integrated apparatus |
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2019
- 2019-03-11 CN CN201910180474.1A patent/CN109881592B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100924530B1 (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2009-11-02 | (주)성지토목기술공사 | Waterway giving the safety to a traveling vehicle |
| CN202214709U (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2012-05-09 | 河北建设集团有限公司 | Slip form structure |
| CN202945576U (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2013-05-22 | 中铁十九局集团第一工程有限公司 | Overall movement template device for subgrade drainage ditch construction |
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