CN109236322A - It a kind of artificial bottom plate preventing soft-rock tunnel pucking and its constructs and method for maintaining - Google Patents
It a kind of artificial bottom plate preventing soft-rock tunnel pucking and its constructs and method for maintaining Download PDFInfo
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- CN109236322A CN109236322A CN201811388338.3A CN201811388338A CN109236322A CN 109236322 A CN109236322 A CN 109236322A CN 201811388338 A CN201811388338 A CN 201811388338A CN 109236322 A CN109236322 A CN 109236322A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011493 spray foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B15/00—General arrangement or layout of plant ; Industrial outlines or plant installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/086—Methods of making concrete lining segments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/01—Methods or apparatus for enlarging or restoring the cross-section of tunnels, e.g. by restoring the floor to its original level
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
It a kind of artificial bottom plate preventing soft-rock tunnel pucking and its constructs and method for maintaining, artificial bottom plate concrete pad along two rows of reinforced concrete floor modules that roadway floor trend is laid on roadway floor central axes two sides by being made up of；Filling flexible waterproof sealing filler between longitudinally adjacent floor module, the drainage pipeline in module, which is longitudinally interconnected, constitutes draining secret tunnel；Hydraulic jack is installed between laterally adjacent module；U-shaped drainage groove is arranged at jack lower part；The Concrete Filled material of top covering waterproof material is filled between floor module and tunnel highwall.By prefabricated panel module, casting concrete cushion block, be laid with floor module, construct drainage channel, installation jack and lay a railway track and etc. complete artificial bottom plate and construct；Tunnel occurs to take two sides rotation maintenance mode when pucking.The artificial bottom plate, which solves bottom plate existing for soft-rock tunnel and seeps water to corrode vulnerable to tunnel, occurs that pucking, supporting construction are complicated, support material cannot reuse and the technical problems such as inconvenient maintenance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mining technology field, especially a kind of artificial bottom plate and its structure for preventing soft-rock tunnel pucking
It builds and method for maintaining.
Background technique
Pucking is a kind of common mine pressure phenomenon of Soft Rock Drifts At Coal.Increasingly expand as coal in China is production-scale
Big and mining depth to be continuously increased, pucking disaster increases increasingly.When pucking occurs for tunnel, the sky between back and bottom plate
Between highly can be different degrees of reduction, interfere normal transport, pedestrian and the ventilation in tunnel；Serious Floor Heave in Roadway will affect tunnel
The overall stability of country rock causes grave danger to the safety and high efficiency of Deep Mine, directly affects Safety of Coal Mine Production
It goes on smoothly.
Existing Floor Heave in Roadway administering method from mechanical mechanism, is divided into two class of method for strengthening and destressing method mostly.Method for strengthening
Mainly floor strata is improved by reinforcement measures such as bottom plate anchor pole, floor grouting, closed support and concrete anti-arch
Intensity, to realize the purpose of floor lift control；Destressing method, which mainly passes through the unloading pressure means such as joint-cutting, drilling, standing, to be made originally
Continuous rock mass is in discrete state, shifts the high stress around tunnel to deep, and floor rock is made to be in stress reduction
Area, to achieve the purpose that floor lift control.
Mining Practice for many years proves, although the above method has certain control effect to Floor Heave in Roadway, is directed to
Soft-rock tunnel, the effect is unsatisfactory, and pucking metaboly occurs for soft-rock tunnel still very generally, some tunnels is caused to undergo
Repeatedly overhaul.
Currently, the method for protecting support of soft-rock tunnel mostly based on fixed structure, can generally repeat benefit after the damage of supporting structures
It is less；In addition supporting structure structure is complicated, supporting and overhauls arduously time-consuming, and operation labor intensity is big, causes to prop up
Protect higher cost.
Soft-rock tunnel bottom plate water swelling is the principal element for leading to occur pucking.For this purpose, Soft Rock Mine enterprise is around comprehensive
Conjunction, which is harnessed the river, implements a series of administering methods, as airtight waterproof, tunnel change its course waterproof and defeated row control；To there is the soft of hydraulic connection
Waterproof grout injection control before pick is taken in rock gangway road.Although these method specific aims are stronger, input cost is big, long in time limit, water blockoff effect
Fruit is not significant, or even can generate water blockoff failure phenomenon.In addition, the gutter position in tunnel is all disposed within greatly tunnel side at present
At base angle, this is that tunnel-surrounding stress collects the position for neutralizing complexity the most the most, is easiest to deformation failure, causes gutter structure
Also it destroys；Gutter is destructurized and can accelerate the further deformation failure at tunnel base angle, to form vicious circle.
This technical problem fails effectively to be solved so far.
The maintenance of soft-rock tunnel pucking, what is taken at present is once carried out by tunnel overall with, needs to tear rail open, by manually borrowing
Simple tool is helped, pucking is crushed, is then laid a railway track again, rock is used in shipment pucking maintenance.Entire maintenance process leans on entirely
Manual work cannot achieve mechanization, and large labor intensity, maintenance speed is slow, laborious time-consuming；Meanwhile because the maintenance period needs to seal
Tunnel is closed, influences to produce.
The limitation of above-mentioned soft-rock tunnel bottom plate method for protecting support and the complexity of pucking maintenance process are soft as restricting at present
The bottleneck of rock Floor Heave in Roadway Prevention Technique development.In order to control serious pucking deformation, have to be used in combination a variety of at present
Maintaining method increases the complexity of supporting construction；At the same time, support material consumption is more and more, and the material consumed is more
It for fixed structure, cannot reuse, support cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial bottom plates for preventing soft-rock tunnel pucking, are deposited with solving above-mentioned soft-rock tunnel
Bottom plate corroded by tunnel infiltration, supporting construction is complicated, support material cannot reuse and the technologies such as pucking inconvenience maintenance
Problem.
The present invention also provides this artificial bottom plate construct and method for maintaining.
The artificial bottom plate provided by the invention for preventing soft-rock tunnel pucking, by the square floor being laid on above roadway floor
Module splicing composition；
The floor module is by interior interconnected longitudinal drainage pipeline, transverse drainage duct and the vertical drainage pipeline of setting
The rectangular block of armored concrete is constituted, wherein the upper end of vertical drainage pipeline and the V-arrangement sink for being laid on floor module upper surface
In metal screen connect；The both lateral sides of floor module have backplate made of channel steel, there is hanging ring above backplate, wherein side
There is hemispherical groove on backplate lateral surface；
Floor module is along the central axes two sides that the trend of roadway floor is in that two rows are symmetrically distributed in roadway floor, floor module
Bottom surface by the concrete pad that corresponds to floor module connecting part and be placed in along roadway floor longitudinal central axis line in roadway floor
Support pad；Hydraulic jack is installed by the hemispherical groove on the backplate lateral surface between laterally adjacent floor module, it is hydraulic
The lower part of jack has by the two rows of floor modules for being symmetrically distributed in roadway floor central axes two sides and indulges along roadway floor
The U-shaped drainage groove that the concrete pad in roadway floor is constituted is placed in central axes；It is filled between longitudinally adjacent floor module
Flexible water airtight and watertight padding, the longitudinal drainage pipeline in floor module is in flexible water airtight and watertight padding by compressible communicating pipe
Front and back connection, constitutes the draining secret tunnel of tunnel infiltration；Flexible waterproof material is covered with top between floor module and tunnel highwall
Concrete Filled material filling.
The above-mentioned artificial bottom plate for preventing soft-rock tunnel pucking construct and method for maintaining, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, prefabricated panel module
In the backplate both upper ends thereof welding hanging ring processed, and hemispherical is processed on the wherein lateral surface of one piece of backplate
Groove；Then the steel mesh being connected with backplate is bound between two backplates；Plastics control will be used while assembling reinforcement net
At interconnected longitudinal drainage pipeline, transverse drainage duct and vertical drainage pipe element bind in steel mesh；Then
Using end template and the cope plate casting concrete with v-depression, the nozzle of vertical drainage pipeline is corresponded on concrete top
V-arrangement sink is poured out, and makes vertical drainage pipeline tapping in the slot bottom of V-arrangement sink；Form removal after concrete curing,
V-arrangement metal screen is placed in V-arrangement sink respectively, floor module is made；
Step 2, the casting concrete cushion block in roadway floor
Roadway floor compacting is smoothed, and makes roadway floor laterally with its high center in central axes center both sides is low and water
2~3 ° of angle states of Heisei；The punishment that connects longitudinally being laid in roadway floor along the central axes of roadway floor and floor module
The groove for not digging out deep 0.4m, width 0.5m pours strong concrete in the trench, constitutes the coagulation for being used for support pad floor module
Native cushion block；
Step 3 is laid with floor module
Using on the prefabricated floor module of step 1 hanging ring and monorail crane along roadway floor trend be laid with from front to back it is prefabricated
Floor module, when laying will be such that the of laterally opposite two side backplates of floor module take in step 2 along roadway floor axis
In thread concrete pad, take floor module longitudinal direction both ends in step 2 along the joint that floor module is longitudinally laid with
In manufactured concrete pad；
Step 4 constructs drainage channel
The longitudinal drainage pipeline being connected to compressible communicating pipe in longitudinally adjacent floor module first made of flexible material,
Draining secret tunnel is constituted, the gap of longitudinally adjacent floor module is then filled with flexible water airtight and watertight padding；By two rows of bottom plate moulds
Block and the bottom surface and two sides that the U-lag constituted between the concrete pad in roadway floor is placed in along roadway floor longitudinal central axis line
Spray foam glue on face, and waterproof cloth is bonded, the U-shaped drainage groove penetrated through before and after roadway floor central axes is made；
The Concrete Filled material that covering waterproof material in top is filled between floor module and tunnel highwall, makes tunnel seep water
Cannot from the highwall of tunnel under seep；
Step 5, installation hydraulic jack
The fixed hemispherical groove on backplate lateral surface matches respectively on the upper top surface of hydraulic jack and bottom surface
Hemispherical bumps are respectively placed in the hemispherical groove on the backplate of opposed bottom module side by the hemispherical bumps of conjunction, are completed
The installation of hydraulic jack；
Step 6 after completing hydraulic jack installation, is overlapped on the upper of opposed bottom module side backplate plate with metal cover board
Portion avoids solid sundries from falling between opposed bottom module, damage hydraulic jack and blocking U-shaped drainage groove；
Step 7 is laid a railway track on mounted artificial bottom plate, and artificial bottom plate can formally come into operation；
The maintenance of step 8, artificial bottom plate bottom
Artificial bottom plate bottom is using after a certain period of time, and with gradually heaving for roadway floor, artificial bottom plate can be by original both sides
State high, that center is low gradually becomes the high inverse state in the low center in both sides, and the development of this state influences mine car to a certain extent
Artificial bottom plate need to be repaired when normally travel, rotation maintenance mode at left and right sides of artificial bottom plate is taken in maintenance, and side is repaired,
The other side can use as usual, and operation order includes: the track removed on artificial bottom plate side；Remove metal cover board；Remove liquid
Press jack；The floor module of side is sling one by one using monorail crane and is momentarily placed on the artificial bottom plate in opposite side；Then to the side
Heaving for roadway floor is modified, the original state for keeping the low both sides of its rehabilitation center high；After terminating side finishing, single track is utilized
It hangs the artificial floor module that will be removed to sling one by one, be replaced on the roadway floor trimmed by original position, with communicating pipe weight
New connection longitudinal drainage pipeline, refills axial clearance with flexible water airtight and watertight padding；With mixing for top covering waterproof material
Solidifying soil filler material refills the gap of floor module side backplate Yu tunnel highwall；Then on the artificial bottom plate in the side completed
Again it lays a railway track, comes into operation；After the maintenance for completing artificial bottom plate side, the artificial bottom plate in the other side is repaired in the same way；Manually
After bottom plate two sides are repaired, U-shaped drainage groove is constructed again；Hydraulic jack is reinstalled into of laterally opposite bottom plate mould
Between block；Cover metal cover board；Whole maintenance works of artificial bottom plate, which are accused, to be completed.
The steel mesh being connected with backplate is bound described in above-mentioned steps 1 between two backplates to constitute by the following method
Trussed reinforcing bar network: the both ends of transverse steel are respectively welded at the lower edges position on the inside of two backplates, on transverse steel
Longitudinal reinforcement and longitudinal reinforcement net cover (every three transverse steels bind one group of longitudinal reinforcement net cover) are bound, by transverse steel, is indulged
Trussed reinforcing bar network is constituted to reinforcing bar and reinforcing bar net cover.
The compressible communicating pipe of longitudinal drainage pipeline is rubber in the longitudinally adjacent floor module of connection described in above-mentioned steps 4
Pipe；The flexible water airtight and watertight padding in the longitudinally adjacent floor module gap of filling is foamed glue；It is described in floor module and lane
The Concrete Filled material for the top covering waterproof material filled between road highwall, the waterproof material of upper part covering are foamed glue,
The Concrete Filled material of lower part is made of flyash, sandstone and cement mixing.
The present invention compared with the existing technology possessed by the utility model has the advantages that
1, the artificial bottom plate of the present invention is both the support unit of roadway floor and the carrying road surface of vehicle and pedestrian, is based on
It can effectively prevent soft-rock tunnel that pucking occurs the following effect of roadway floor: 1. pass through draining secret tunnel and the edge in floor module
The U-shaped drainage groove penetrated through before and after central shaft can all collect the infiltration in tunnel and discharge in time, and percolation-proof effect is good,
Corrode roadway floor vulnerable to water body；It, can be uniform to roadway floor 2. floor module is symmetrically assembled in the surface of roadway floor
Apply pressure, roadway floor is compacted, the deformation force of roadway floor is resisted；It closes, makes 3. roadway floor is isolated by artificial bottom plate
Roadway floor is not by extraneous physics and and chemical depletion.
2, it is filled between artificial floor module longitudinal direction using flexible waterproof material, by hydraulic jack top support between transverse direction,
Artificial bottom plate can be made using early stage to there are vertical and horizontal to allow to press characteristic, the high stress of roadway surrounding rock is avoided to destroy artificial bottom plate
Structure.
3, when artificial base plate paving, jack can give artificial bottom plate setting load, and jack can be given during roadway deformation
The constant power of artificial bottom plate, makes artificial bottom plate and jack that arch supporting construction, supporting intensity and rigidity and tunnel bottom be collectively formed
Plate country rock is adapted, and comprehensive support action can be played to roadway floor.
4, artificial bottom plate takes modular construction, and the roadway floor later period can realize artificial bottom plate or so two once pucking occurs
Side wheel changes use and maintenance, does not interfere with each other tunnel use with maintenance, reduces to the influence degree normally produced；It can make to tie up simultaneously
Realization mechanization is repaired, mitigates maintenance labor intensity, improves maintenance work efficiency.
5, the floor module of artificial bottom plate is made of the strong concrete of internal truss frame structure, and intensity is high, is had higher
Resistance to compression tension and bending resistance, the contraction distortion of roadway floor middle and later periods can be resisted without damaging, can after tunnel is discarded
Dismounting recycles and reuses, and advantageously reduces enterprise's production cost.
6, the reduction of supporting construction complexity is made by artificial bottom plate, the support material of consumption is reduced, and advantageously reduces branch
Shield expense.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of artificial bottom plate of the invention (along the transverse center cross-sectional view of floor module)；
Fig. 2 is the schematic three dimensional views of Fig. 1 indsole plate module；
Fig. 3 is the transverse cross-sectional view of Fig. 2 floor module (without steel mesh)；
Fig. 4 is the connection schematic diagram of laterally adjacent floor module；
Fig. 5 is the connection schematic diagram of longitudinally adjacent floor module；
Fig. 6 is the truss structure schematic diagram in Fig. 2 floor module；
Fig. 7 is transverse direction in Fig. 2 floor module, longitudinal reinforcement web frame schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the longitudinal reinforcement net cover coil structures schematic diagram in Fig. 2 floor module；
Fig. 9 is the drain pipeline structure schematic diagram in Fig. 2 floor module；
Figure 10 is status diagram when pucking occurs for tunnel；
Figure 11 is artificial bottom plate maintenance with reference to figure.
Symbol description in figure: 1- floor module, 2- longitudinal drainage pipeline, 3- transverse drainage duct, 4-V type sink, 5- are perpendicular
To drainage pipeline, the top 6- covers the Concrete Filled material of waterproof material, 7- backplate, 8- monorail crane, 9- hanging ring, 10- communicating pipe,
11- flexible water airtight and watertight padding, 12- roadway floor, 13- (in V-arrangement sink) metal screen, 14-U shape drainage groove, 15- are mixed
Solidifying soil cushion block, 16- metal cover board, 17- hydraulic jack, 18- transverse steel, 19- longitudinal reinforcement, 20- longitudinal reinforcement net cover, 21
Hemispherical groove.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention will be further described.
The present embodiment is that be laid on certain mine baseplate width be the artificial bottom plate in the soft-rock tunnel of 4200m.
As shown in Figure 1, artificial bottom plate is made of the splicing of square floor module 1 being laid on above roadway floor 12.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the floor module sets interconnected longitudinal drainage pipeline 2, transverse drainage duct by interior
3 and the armored concrete block of vertical drainage pipeline 5 constitute, wherein the upper end of vertical drainage pipeline and be laid on floor module
Metal screen 13 in surface V-arrangement sink 4 connects；The both lateral sides of floor module have backplate 7 made of channel steel, have above backplate
Hanging ring 9 wherein has the hemispherical groove 21 abutted against for hydraulic jack on the backplate lateral surface of side.
The size of the floor module are as follows: longitudinal (moving towards along tunnel) length 3000mm, transverse width 1800mm are thick up and down
Spend 400mm.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, floor module is symmetrically distributed in roadway floor along the trend of roadway floor in two rows
Axis two sides, the bottom surface of floor module is by correspond to that floor module connecting part is placed in roadway floor concrete pad 15
Pad；Hydraulic jack 17 is installed by the hemispherical groove on the backplate lateral surface between laterally adjacent floor module, it is hydraulic
The U-shaped drainage groove 14 that setting is moved towards along roadway floor central axes is arranged at the lower part of jack；It is filled out between longitudinally adjacent floor module
Flexible water airtight and watertight padding 11 is filled, the longitudinal drainage pipeline in floor module is in flexible water airtight and watertight padding by compressible connection
It is connected to before and after pipe 10, constitutes the draining secret tunnel of tunnel infiltration；Flexible water is covered with top between floor module and tunnel highwall
The Concrete Filled material 6 of material is filled.
In conjunction with Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, when prefabricated panel module, make backplate with the channel steel processed, on backplate top two
End installation hanging ring, and hemispherical groove is processed on one piece of backplate lateral surface wherein；Then by the both ends of transverse steel 18
It is respectively welded at the lower edges position surveyed in two backplates, longitudinal reinforcement 19 and longitudinal reinforcement net cover 20 are bound on transverse steel
(every three transverse steels bind one group of longitudinal reinforcement net cover), constitutes purlin by transverse steel, longitudinal reinforcement and longitudinal reinforcement net cover
Posture steel mesh；The longitudinal drainage pipeline being interconnected made of plastic tube, cross will be used shown in Fig. 9 while assembling reinforcement net
To drainage pipeline and the binding of vertical drainage pipe element in steel mesh；Then end template and the upper mold with v-depression are utilized
Plate casting concrete pours out V-arrangement sink in the nozzle that concrete top corresponds to vertical drainage pipeline, and makes vertical drainage pipeline
Nozzle it is exposed on the bottom surface of V-arrangement sink；Form removal after end concrete curing places V-arrangement gold respectively in V-arrangement sink
Belong to strainer, floor module is made.
When being laid with floor module, first roadway floor compacting is smoothed, and makes roadway floor laterally centered on its central axes
The high center in both sides is low and level is at 2~3 ° of angle states (as shown in Figure 1)；Along the central axes of roadway floor in roadway floor
The groove for digging out deep 0.4m, width 0.5m respectively with the joint that floor module is longitudinally laid with, pours high-intensitive coagulation in the trench
Soil constitutes the concrete pad for being used for support pad floor module.Then the hanging ring and single track of floor module backplate both upper ends thereof are utilized
8 are hung, is laid with prefabricated floor module from front to back along roadway floor trend, when laying will make floor module of laterally opposite two
The backplate of side is taken in the concrete pad made of the roadway floor central axes in step 2, and floor module longitudinal direction both ends are taken
In concrete pad, make between longitudinally adjacent floor module made of the joint that floor module is longitudinally laid in step 2
Form the gap 150mm；400mm spacing is formed between laterally adjacent floor module, is formed between floor module and tunnel highwall wide
Spend the gap of 100mm.
When constructing drainage channel, the longitudinal drainage pipe that is connected to the communicating pipe made of rubber in longitudinally adjacent floor module
Road (all or part of connection, the present embodiment are only connected to two longitudinal drainage pipelines positioned at side), constitutes draining secret tunnel, then
The gap of longitudinally adjacent floor module is filled with the flexible water airtight and watertight padding that foamed glue is constituted；By longitudinal two rows of floor modules
Spray foam glue in the groove that the backplate of two opposite sides and the concrete pad made of the roadway floor central axes are formed,
And waterproof cloth is bonded, the U-shaped drainage groove penetrated through before and after roadway floor central axes is made；Between floor module and tunnel highwall
Foamed glue, the under-filled Concrete Filled material being made of flyash, sandstone and cement of thickness 100mm is filled in gap middle and upper part, makes
Tunnel infiltration cannot from the highwall of tunnel under seep.
When hydraulic jack is installed, on the upper top surface of hydraulic jack and bottom surface respectively it is fixed on backplate lateral surface
The hemispherical bumps that match of hemispherical groove, half hemispherical bumps are respectively placed on the backplate of opposed bottom module side
In spherical groove.
After completing hydraulic jack installation, the top of opposed bottom module side backplate plate is overlapped on metal cover board 16,
Solid sundries are avoided to fall between opposed bottom module, damage hydraulic jack and blocking U-shaped drainage groove.
After the completion of artificial base plate paving, lay a railway track on mounted artificial bottom plate, artificial bottom plate can formally come into operation.
As shown in Figure 10, artificial bottom plate bottom uses after a certain period of time, with gradually heaving for roadway floor, artificial bottom plate meeting
The high inverse state in the low center in both sides is gradually become by the low state in the high center in original both sides.This state develops shadow to a certain extent
Artificial bottom plate need to be repaired when ringing to mine car normally travel.
As shown in figure 11, artificial bottom plate two sides rotation maintenance mode is taken in maintenance, i.e. side is repaired, and the other side can make as usual
With operation order includes: the track removed on artificial bottom plate side；Remove metal cover board 16；Remove hydraulic jack；It utilizes
Monorail crane slings the floor module of side one by one to be momentarily placed on the artificial bottom plate in opposite side；Then to the side, roadway floor is heaved
It is modified, the original state for keeping the low both sides of its rehabilitation center high；It is artificial by what is removed using monorail crane after terminating side finishing
Floor module is sling one by one, is replaced on the roadway floor trimmed by original position, is connected to longitudinal drainage with rubber communicating pipe
Pipeline refills gap between floor module longitudinal direction with foamed glue；Bottom is refilled with the concrete of top covering foamed glue
The gap of plate module side backplate and tunnel highwall；Then it lays a railway track, comes into operation again on the artificial bottom plate in the side completed；It is complete
After repairing at side, the artificial bottom plate in the other side is repaired in the same way；After the artificial bottom plate maintenance in two sides, construct again artificial
U-shaped drainage groove between bottom plate two sides；Hydraulic jack is reinstalled between of laterally opposite floor module；Cover metal
Cover board；Complete whole maintenance works of artificial bottom plate.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of artificial bottom plate for preventing soft-rock tunnel pucking, which is characterized in that the artificial bottom plate is by being laid on roadway floor
(12) square floor module (1) above splices composition；
The floor module sets interconnected longitudinal drainage pipeline (2), transverse drainage duct (3) and vertical drainage pipeline by interior
(5) the rectangular block of armored concrete is constituted, wherein the upper end of vertical drainage pipeline and the V-arrangement for being laid on floor module upper surface
Metal screen (13) in sink (4) connects；The both lateral sides of floor module have backplate made of channel steel (7), have above backplate
Hanging ring (9) wherein has hemispherical groove (21) on the backplate lateral surface of side；
Floor module is along the central axes two sides that the trend of roadway floor is in that two rows are symmetrically distributed in roadway floor, the bottom of floor module
Face is by the concrete pad (15) that corresponds to floor module connecting part and be placed in roadway floor along roadway floor longitudinal central axis line
Support pad；Hydraulic jack (17) are installed by the hemispherical groove on the backplate lateral surface between laterally adjacent floor module,
The lower part of hydraulic jack has by the two rows of floor modules for being symmetrically distributed in roadway floor central axes two sides and along tunnel bottom
Plate longitudinal central axis line is placed in the U-shaped drainage groove (14) of the composition of the concrete pad in roadway floor；Longitudinally adjacent floor module
Between filling flexible waterproof sealing filler (11), longitudinal drainage pipeline in floor module is in flexible water airtight and watertight padding by can
Connection before and after the communicating pipe (10) of compression, constitutes the draining secret tunnel of tunnel infiltration；Top is used between floor module and tunnel highwall
Cover Concrete Filled material (6) filling of flexible waterproof material.
2. prevented described in claim 1 the artificial bottom plate of soft-rock tunnel pucking construct and method for maintaining, feature include following
Step:
Step 1, prefabricated panel module
In the backplate both upper ends thereof welding hanging ring processed, and it is recessed on the wherein lateral surface of one piece of backplate to process hemispherical
Slot；Then the steel mesh being connected with backplate is bound between two backplates；It will be made of plastic tube while assembling reinforcement net
Interconnected longitudinal drainage pipeline, transverse drainage duct and vertical drainage pipe element bind in steel mesh；Then sharp
With end template and the cope plate casting concrete with v-depression, poured in the nozzle that concrete top corresponds to vertical drainage pipeline
V-arrangement sink is built out, and makes vertical drainage pipeline tapping in the slot bottom of V-arrangement sink；Form removal after concrete curing, in V
V-arrangement metal screen is placed in shape sink respectively, floor module is made；
Step 2, the casting concrete cushion block in roadway floor
Roadway floor compacting is smoothed, and keeps roadway floor laterally low with its high center in central axes center both sides and horizontal at 2
~3 ° of angle states；It is dug out respectively in roadway floor along the joint that the central axes of roadway floor and floor module are longitudinally laid with
The groove of deep 0.4m, width 0.5m pour strong concrete in the trench, constitute the concrete mats for being used for support pad floor module
Block；
Step 3 is laid with floor module
Using on the prefabricated floor module of step 1 hanging ring and monorail crane (8) along roadway floor trend be laid with from front to back it is prefabricated
Floor module, when laying will be such that the of laterally opposite two side backplates of floor module take in step 2 along roadway floor axis
In thread concrete pad, take floor module longitudinal direction both ends in step 2 along the joint that floor module is longitudinally laid with
In manufactured concrete pad；
Step 4 constructs drainage channel
The longitudinal drainage pipeline being connected to compressible communicating pipe in longitudinally adjacent floor module first made of flexible material is constituted
Secret tunnel is drained, the gap of longitudinally adjacent floor module is then filled with flexible water airtight and watertight padding；By two rows of floor modules and
Along the bottom surface and two sides that roadway floor longitudinal central axis line is placed in the U-lag constituted between the concrete pad in roadway floor
Spray foam glue, and waterproof cloth is bonded, the U-shaped drainage groove penetrated through before and after roadway floor central axes is made；
The Concrete Filled material that covering waterproof material in top is filled between floor module and tunnel highwall makes tunnel infiltration cannot
It is seeped under from the highwall of tunnel；
Step 5, installation hydraulic jack
It is fixed respectively on the upper top surface of hydraulic jack and bottom surface to be matched with the hemispherical groove on backplate lateral surface
Hemispherical bumps are respectively placed in the hemispherical groove on the backplate of opposed bottom module side by hemispherical bumps, are completed hydraulic
The installation of jack；
Step 6 after completing hydraulic jack installation, is overlapped on the upper of opposed bottom module side backplate plate with metal cover board (16)
Portion avoids solid sundries from falling between opposed bottom module, damage hydraulic jack and blocking U-shaped drainage groove；
Step 7 is laid a railway track on mounted artificial bottom plate, and artificial bottom plate can formally come into operation；
The maintenance of step 8, artificial bottom plate bottom
Artificial bottom plate bottom is using after a certain period of time, with gradually heaving for roadway floor, artificial bottom plate can it is high by original both sides, in
The low state of the heart gradually becomes the high inverse state in the low center in both sides, and the development of this state influences the normal row of mine car to a certain extent
Artificial bottom plate need to be repaired when sailing, rotation maintenance mode at left and right sides of artificial bottom plate, side maintenance, the other side are taken in maintenance
It can use as usual, operation order includes: the track removed on artificial bottom plate side；Remove metal cover board；Remove hydraulic jack
Top；The floor module of side is sling one by one using monorail crane and is momentarily placed on the artificial bottom plate in opposite side；Then to the side tunnel bottom
Heaving for plate is modified, the original state for keeping the low both sides of its rehabilitation center high；After terminating side finishing, it will be torn open using monorail crane
Under artificial floor module sling one by one, be replaced on the roadway floor trimmed by original position, reconnected with communicating pipe
Longitudinal drainage pipeline refills axial clearance with flexible water airtight and watertight padding；It is filled out with the concrete of top covering waterproof material
Charge refills the gap of floor module side backplate Yu tunnel highwall；Then it is spread again on the artificial bottom plate in the side completed
Rail comes into operation；After the maintenance for completing artificial bottom plate side, the artificial bottom plate in the other side is repaired in the same way；Artificial bottom plate two
After side is repaired, U-shaped drainage groove is constructed again；By hydraulic jack reinstall to of laterally opposite floor module it
Between；Cover metal cover board；Whole maintenance works of artificial bottom plate, which are accused, to be completed.
3. prevent according to claim 2 the artificial bottom plate of soft-rock tunnel pucking construct and method for maintaining, which is characterized in that
Binding the steel mesh being connected with backplate described in step 1 between two backplates is the truss-like reinforcing bar constituted by the following method
Net: being respectively welded at the lower edges position on the inside of two backplates for the both ends of transverse steel (18), binds on transverse steel vertical
To reinforcing bar (19) and longitudinal reinforcement net cover (20), trussed reinforcing bar network is constituted by transverse steel, longitudinal reinforcement and reinforcing bar net cover.
4. according to claim 2 for prevent soft-rock tunnel pucking artificial bottom plate construct and method for maintaining, feature
It is, the compressible communicating pipe of longitudinal drainage pipeline is rubber tube in the longitudinally adjacent floor module of connection described in step 4；It is described
The flexible water airtight and watertight padding for filling longitudinally adjacent floor module gap is foamed glue；It is described floor module and tunnel highwall it
Between the Concrete Filled material of top covering waterproof material filled, the waterproof material of upper part covering is foamed glue, lower part it is mixed
Solidifying soil filler material is made of flyash, sandstone and cement mixing.
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| CN201811388338.3A CN109236322B (en) | 2018-11-21 | 2018-11-21 | Artificial bottom plate for preventing soft rock roadway floor heave and construction and maintenance method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110529142A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-12-03 | 太原理工大学 | Deep tunnel pucking control device and method based on intelligent hydraulic bag |
| CN111894624A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-11-06 | 神华包神铁路集团有限责任公司 | Tunnel and bottom structure for preventing pucking disease |
| CN114017554A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-08 | 北京城乡建设集团有限责任公司 | Pipe orifice butt joint method and device for concrete pipeline |
| CN114776373A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-07-22 | 长春黄金研究院有限公司 | Artificial false bottom for thin-vein stope and manufacturing method |
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| CN114017554A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-08 | 北京城乡建设集团有限责任公司 | Pipe orifice butt joint method and device for concrete pipeline |
| CN114776373A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-07-22 | 长春黄金研究院有限公司 | Artificial false bottom for thin-vein stope and manufacturing method |
| CN114776373B (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-10-11 | 长春黄金研究院有限公司 | Artificial false bottom for thin-vein stope and manufacturing method |
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