CN109878075A - A method of continuously variable light spot scanning processing in 3D printing - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
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Abstract
本发明属于3D打印领域，更具体地，涉及一种3D打印中采用连续可变光斑扫描加工的方法。该方法包括下列步骤：针对3D打印中的单个切片层，设定激光扫描加工的最大光斑半径和最小光斑半径，将待扫描区域划分为第一区域、第二区域和第三区域，第一区域采用最小光斑扫描加工，第二区域采用最大光斑扫描加工；第三区域采用逐级补偿，通过逐级增大光斑的扫描半径逐级扫描该区域，实现该区域的扫描加工，各个区域的扫描过程中按照光斑半径逐渐变大或变小进行连续变化，实现连续可变光斑扫描加工。通过本发明，减少扫描填充次数，提高成型效率，避免产品局部过热固化。
The invention belongs to the field of 3D printing, and more particularly, relates to a method for continuously variable light spot scanning in 3D printing. The method includes the following steps: for a single slice layer in 3D printing, setting the maximum spot radius and the minimum spot radius for laser scanning processing, dividing the area to be scanned into a first area, a second area and a third area, the first area The minimum spot scanning process is adopted, and the second area adopts the largest spot scanning process; the third area adopts step-by-step compensation, and the scanning radius of the spot is gradually increased to scan the area step by step, so as to realize the scanning processing of this area, and the scanning process of each area is realized. According to the gradual increase or decrease of the spot radius, the continuous change is carried out to realize the continuous variable spot scanning processing. By means of the invention, the scanning and filling times are reduced, the molding efficiency is improved, and local overheating of the product is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D printing fields, use continuous variable beam spot scans to add more particularly, in a kind of 3D printing
The method of work.
Background technique
3D printing technique is a kind of advanced manufacturing technology of rising in recent years, and 3D printing technique mainly has photocuring at present
Method, selective laser sintering process, fusion sediment method etc., wherein the principle of photocuring 3D printing technique is computer controlled laser
The laser of transmitting certain strength carries out the scanning in certain path to the surface of liquid photosensitive resin, is scanned the thin resin layer in region
Generate photopolymerization reaction and be formed by curing a thin layer of printout, aftertable move down a certain distance, what is be cured
Resin surface is then covered with one layer of new liquid resin, next layer of scanning machining is carried out, repeatedly, until entire printout system
Make completion.
During photocuring 3D printing, shaping efficiency and surface quality are always the key points and difficulties of people's research, printing
Technique and scan path be influence product surface quality with and an important factor for shaping efficiency.In present photocuring rapid prototyping
Process in, the common printing technology method using large spot and small light spot, the efficiency of Lai Tigao printing shaping, in China
A kind of light-curing quick moulding method using change light spot process is disclosed in patent of invention specification CN102229245A, is passed through
Small light spot scans solid exterior profile, and large spot fills internal portion using big spacing to reduce filling scanning times, improves
Printing effect.But the route scheme for not referring to darkening spot in the patent of invention not can effectively solve in darkening spot scanning process
The scanning filling defect of appearance.Because can be because of hot spot when being filled to thin-wall regions or salient angle region using large spot
Scanning area that is excessive and exceeding outer profile, causes the uneven of object surface, therefore not can guarantee processing model surface matter
Amount, and will appear the non-scanning area of large spot when carrying out profile scan using large spot, so that gap is generated in filling,
Therefore also it is unable to satisfy the high quality demand of part.
A kind of 3 D-printing large spot scan path generation method is disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN103894608A,
Small light spot scan wheel profile is obtained to Current Scan profile and border progress small light spot radius offset and then carries out a small light spot again
Radius offset obtains inner outline boundary, it is last within contour line offset large spot radius obtain large spot scanning filling region,
The non-scanning area occurred for large spot profile scan uses Boolean calculation to find out these non-scanning areas and then carries out small light
The filling of spot parallel sweep.It is this to be not filled by region by what Boolean calculation obtained, salient angle elongated zones are largely belonged to, use is small
Hot spot can be jumped in face of a large amount of turn to empty when carrying out parallel sweep filling, reduce scan efficiency, and scan the strip area
The easy local temperature in domain is excessively high and causes solidification, to influence the surface quality of product.
Therefore, after introducing darkening spot printing technology, the region for how guaranteeing that large spot does not scan is effectively located
It manages and is optimal efficiency and be a problem to be solved with the high quality demand for meeting part.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides continuous variable is used in a kind of 3D printing
The method of beam spot scans processing, is processed respectively by the way that single slicing layer is divided into three regions, wherein using being gradually increased
Spot radius or the mode for being gradually reduced spot radius carry out Continuous maching, should during for third region processing according to
The mode compensated step by step is achieved the gradual change of hot spot, and third region is sufficiently scanned, and reduction does not scan
Region determines hot spot quick forming method compared to tradition, reduces scanning filling number, improve shaping efficiency, avoid product office
Heat cure is crossed in portion.
To achieve the above object, it is proposed, according to the invention, provide in a kind of 3D printing and processed using continuous variable beam spot scans
Method, which is characterized in that this method includes the following steps:
For the single slicing layer in 3D printing, the maximum spot radius Rmax and minimum light spot of laser scanning manufacturing are set
Radius Rmin, by the region division to be scanned in the slicing layer be first area, second area and third region, described first
Region uses minimum light spot scanning machining, and the second area is using maximum beam spot scans processing；
For the outer profile Ci in region to be scanned, minimum light spot radius Rmin is inwardly biased, the first area is obtained
Scan path L1 continues to bias least radius Rmin from scan path L1, obtains the inner boundary L2 of the first area, described
Region between outer profile and the inner boundary L2 is the first area；Maximum radius is inwardly biased from the inner boundary L2
Rmax obtains the scan path L3 of the second area, and laser is scanned from the scan path L3, i.e., outside along scan path L3
Biasing Rmax obtains the outer boundary L5 after the maximum beam spot scans, and the region within the outer boundary is the second area；It is situated between
Region between the first area and second area is the third region；
The processing method in the third region is carried out according to the following steps:
(a) using the scan path L1 of the first area as initial position；
(b) offset or dish Dj is set, beam spot scans radius Rxj inwardly biases Dj from the initial position and obtains boundary Pj,
Continue inwardly biasing Rx from boundary Pj, obtain the scan path Xj of hot spot, hot spot is scanned along the scan path；
(c) j++ is repeated step (b) using the scan path Xj-1 as initial position, until the Rxj is not less than institute
The vertex of the scan path of maximum spot radius Rmax or the hot spot is stated in the second area.
2, using the method for continuous variable beam spot scans processing, feature in a kind of 3D printing as described in claim 1
It is, the value range of the Rxj is between maximum spot radius Rmax and the minimum light spot radius Rmin.
It is further preferred that the Rxj preferably carries out value: Rxj=m × Rxj-1, wherein Rx0=according to following relationship
Rmin, R, m are multiple, and j is integer.
It is further preferred that the Dj preferably carries out value: Dj=f × Rxj-1 according to following relationship.
It is further preferred that the sequence of laser scanning manufacturing is followed successively by first area, third area in the region to be scanned
Domain and second area or second area, third region and first area, realize spot radius from small to large or from big to small
Consecutive variations.
It is further preferred that the second area is preferably scanned processing by the way of parallel sweep filling.
It is further preferred that the maximum spot radius Rmax is not more than 0.4mm, the minimum light spot radius Rmin is not small
In 0.04mm.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect:
1, the present invention considers in the processing scan path for carrying out layer-by-layer stack shaping using darkening spot laser formation equipment
The characteristics of to variable hot spot, large spot exist scanning less than region, then pass through the compensation profile of one group of gradual change, realize continuous
The scan wheel profile of hot spot be can be changed to make up the region that large spot does not scan to greatest extent, not scanned region is compared before
It through being greatly reduced, usually can be ignored in practical manufacturing process, printed with traditional darkening spot, improve change light spot process
The quality of lower molded part；
2, the present invention reduces parallel sweep process compared to the existing method for carrying out small light spot parallel sweep to third region
In, during parallel sweep, laser, when skipping to next parallel line sweeping, needs elder generation along a parallel line sweeping for elongated zones
Slow down, turn to the process further accelerated, face during this largely to turn to and it is empty jump, the present invention when scanning third region,
It using continuous scanning, does not need largely to turn to and be jumped with empty, thus improve scan efficiency, and avoiding zonule scanning can
The local temperature that can occur is excessively high and crosses solidification phenomenon, thus improves molding success rate；
3, existing darkening spot scan path method, the radius of large spot is excessive to will cause the increase of third region, to need
Increase small light spot scanning third region, the present invention is after realizing continuous variable hot spot path, due to that can obtain one group of gradual change
Compensation contour line quickly fill up the non-scanning area of large spot, then can by large spot radius be arranged it is bigger, due to big light
The radius of spot is bigger, and third region also can be bigger, and correlative study before is to be swept in parallel using small light spot to third region
It retouches, if large spot setting is excessive, the region that will lead to small light spot scanning substantially increases to reduce the scanning effect of variable hot spot
The original intention of rate, this and darkening spot is violated, and the present invention is due to that can fill up third area with the hot spot of small light spot is greater than by one group
Domain faster, and still can improve scan efficiency relative to small light spot filling is used alone, in reduction using the advantage of darkening spot
Portion's scanning filling line number mesh further promotes the charging efficiency of darkening spot；
4, the processing sequence of the present invention during the scanning process is according to first area, third region and second area or second
Region, third region and first area make the variation of the radius of hot spot from small to large or from big to small, are adjusting beam expanding lens
Continuous variation, the i.e. consecutive variations of spot radius occur for Shi Weiyi, it is contemplated that emit the locomotory mechanism of the device of laser, hot spot
The change of size is controlled by the movement of hot spot axis, and existing change light spot process only considered both small light spot and large spot, is not had
Have using other hot spots between minimum light spot shaft position and maximum hot spot axle position, the present invention is in the dress for not changing former darkening spot
It sets, compensation is scanned by using the hot spot of other sizes between small light spot and large spot, maximally utilizes and has dress
It sets so that maximum hot spot and the direct hot spot of minimum light spot are utilized, the compensation light spot profile line of one group of gradual change of generation is being beaten
Hot spot shaft mechanical movement travel is not will increase during print, so that processing efficiency maximizes.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention using the process of continuous variable beam spot scans processing method
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram in third region constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation being scanned constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention using level-one compensation hot spot
Figure；
Fig. 4 is the partial enlargement being scanned constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention using level-one compensation hot spot
Figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
Existing darkening spot light-curing quick moulding method is able in filling region by changing the size of hot spot using more
Big hot spot is scanned filling, determines hot spot quick forming method compared to tradition, reduces scanning filling number, improve molding
Efficiency still will appear some non-scanning areas when carrying out profile scan using large spot, meeting is dealt in large spot path improperly
It causes that hot spot is excessive and exceeds the scanning area of outer profile, cause the uneven of object surface, and use small light spot to these
Elongated zones carry out parallel sweep can in face of it is a large amount of turn and it is empty jump, and local temperature is easy excessively high to cause solidification.
The above defects or improvement requirements in view of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of continuous variable hot spot paths to sweep
Generation method is retouched, the cross section profile feature of the characteristics of becoming beam spot scans and processing model is fully considered, according to the work of darkening spot
Skill feature, Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram in third region constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention, as shown in Fig. 2, entity
Outermost layer profile first area is scanned using minimum light spot, and second area is scanned filling using maximum hot spot inside entity,
And the third region between large spot profile and small light spot contour line, the gray area in Fig. 2 pass through set compensation road
Diameter radius factor, biasing obtain the hot spot of one group of gradual change, and j=0,1,2 ..., n are corresponding in turn to level-one compensation hot spot, second level compensation
Hot spot ..., n grades of compensation hot spots, realize the light spot profile scan line of continuous variable, thus the previous large spot profile of scanning filling
Non- scanning area completes new scan path method.
To n grades of compensation hot spot Rxn generated, value preferentially chooses Rmin < Rxn < Rmax.Specifically set in the present invention
Compensation path radius Coefficient m is set, wherein Rx0=Rmin, Rxn=m × Rxn-1,1 < m < Rmax/Rmin.Reason is existing
Darkening spot equipment be that spot size is adjusted by the far and near length of control hot spot shaft mechanical movement, the time of hot spot switching and
Axis movement travel is related, its value of the compensation hot spot of one group of gradual change is all between minimum light spot and maximum hot spot, by making light
The scanning machining mode of the gradual change of the size of spot from big to small or from small to large, so that not increasing former darkening spot in scanning process
Hot spot shaft mechanical movement travel.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of continuous variable hot spot path scan generation method, Fig. 1 be according to
Using the flow chart of continuous variable beam spot scans processing method constructed by the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, specifically
It is as follows:
The slice file of model to be processed is inputted, Fig. 3 is use level-one constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention
The structural schematic diagram that compensation hot spot is scanned, as shown in figure 3, maximum spot radius, maximum hot spot fill spacing, minimum light spot
Radius compensates the path overlap factor, compensates path radius coefficient, wherein maximum spot radius is denoted as Rmax, minimum light spot radius
It is denoted as Rmin, the compensation path overlap factor is denoted as f, compensates path radius Coefficient m, can get the profile of n-layer according to slice file
Data, i-th layer of note is current slice layer, contour curve Ci.
Small light spot profile scan path is obtained to Ci biasing Rmin, is denoted as L1, biasing Rmin is continued to L1 and obtains small light spot
Internal periphery boundary after scanning is denoted as L2, and the region between Internal periphery and Ci is first area；
The profile scan path of large spot is obtained to L2 obtained above biasing Rmax, L3 is denoted as, from laser along the scanning
L3 outwardly biased Rmax in path obtains the scanning outer boundary L5 of hot spot, continues biasing Rmax to L3 and obtains inner edge after large spot scans
Boundary is denoted as L4, and the region within outer boundary L5 is second area, large spot parallel sweep in second area；
Fig. 4 is the partial enlargement being scanned constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention using level-one compensation hot spot
Figure, as shown in figure 4, the region between first area and second area is third region, which passes through following continuous variable light
The compensation of spot scan path, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) enabling j=0, Rxj is that j-th stage compensates spot radius, Rxj=Rmin.It is biased inwardly from the scan path of first area
It sets Dj and obtains boundary Pj, continue inwardly biasing Rx from boundary Pj, obtain the scan path Xj of hot spot, it is inside from scan path Xj
Acquisition Internal periphery boundary is Qj after biasing Rxj, at this time L1=Pj, L2=Qj.
(2) cycling condition: judge whether Rxj is more than or equal to the top of Rmax or Qj (the scan path Internal periphery boundary of Rxj)
Point, if so, jumping into step (4), enters step (3) if it is not, jumping into whether in the profile scan outer boundary of large spot.
(3) make j++, the offset or dish Dj, i.e. Dj=f × Rxj- of path needs must be compensated by compensation path overlap factor f
1, Qj-1 biasing Dj distance obtains compensation path outer profile boundary Pj, by compensation spot radius Coefficient m, obtains compensation hot spot Rxj,
That is Rxj=m × Rxj-1 continues biasing Rxj to Pj and obtains j-th stage compensation light spot profile scan line, is denoted as Xj, continues to Xj inclined
It sets Rxj and obtains Internal periphery boundary Qj after compensation hot spot Xj scanning.Jump into step (2).
(4) the light spot profile line of one group of gradual change is obtained, continuous variable beam spot scans coordinates measurement is completed, terminates the layer, more
New i value, obtains i-th layer of slice as current layer.
I++1 repeats the above steps for other slicing layers, can be obtained the scan path of all slicing layers.
The path of above-mentioned continuous variable hot spot is partly overlapped, because according to light spot energy Density Distribution situation,
One path overlap factor of setting is usually required, it is lower than internal energy density to be used to compensate hot spot periphery energy density, thus
It is uneven to repair spot energy distribution.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. using the method for continuous variable beam spot scans processing in a kind of 3D printing, which is characterized in that this method includes following step
It is rapid:
For the single slicing layer in 3D printing, the maximum spot radius Rmax and minimum light spot radius of laser scanning manufacturing are set
Region division to be scanned in the slicing layer is first area, second area and third region, the first area by Rmin
Using minimum light spot scanning machining, the second area is using maximum beam spot scans processing；
For the outer profile Ci in region to be scanned, minimum light spot radius Rmin is inwardly biased, the scanning of the first area is obtained
Path L1 continues to bias least radius Rmin from scan path L1, obtains the inner boundary L2 of the first area, the foreign steamer
The wide region between the inner boundary L2 is the first area；Maximum radius Rmax is inwardly biased from the inner boundary L2,
The scan path L3 of the second area is obtained, laser is scanned from the scan path L3, i.e., outwardly biased along scan path L3
Rmax obtains the outer boundary L5 after the maximum beam spot scans, and the region within the outer boundary is the second area；Between institute
Stating the region between first area and second area is the third region；
The processing method in the third region is carried out according to the following steps:
(a) using the scan path L1 of the first area as initial position；
(b) offset or dish Dj is set, beam spot scans radius Rxj inwardly biases Dj from the initial position and obtains boundary Pj, from this
Boundary Pj continues inwardly biasing Rx, obtains the scan path Xj of hot spot, and hot spot is scanned along the scan path；
(c) j++ is repeated step (b) using the scan path Xj as initial position, until the Rxj is not less than the maximum
The vertex of the scan path of spot radius Rmax or the hot spot is in the second area.
2. using the method for continuous variable beam spot scans processing in a kind of 3D printing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The value range of the Rxj is between maximum spot radius Rmax and the minimum light spot radius Rmin.
3. using the method for continuous variable beam spot scans processing in a kind of 3D printing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exists
In the Rxj preferably carries out value according to following relationship: Rxj=m × Rxj-1, Rx0=Rmin, m are multiple, and j is integer.
4. the method processed in a kind of 3D printing as described in any one of claims 1-3 using continuous variable beam spot scans,
It is characterized in that, the Dj preferably carries out value: Dj=f × Rxj-1 according to following relationship.
5. the method processed in a kind of 3D printing according to any one of claims 1-4 using continuous variable beam spot scans,
It is characterized in that, the sequence of laser scanning manufacturing is followed successively by first area, third region and second area in the region to be scanned
Or second area, third region and first area, realize the consecutive variations from small to large or from big to small of spot radius.
6. the method processed in a kind of 3D printing as described in any one in claim 1-5 using continuous variable beam spot scans,
It is characterized in that, the second area is preferably scanned processing by the way of parallel sweep filling.
7. the method processed in a kind of 3D printing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 using continuous variable beam spot scans,
It is characterized in that, the maximum spot radius Rmax is not more than 0.4mm, and the minimum light spot radius Rmin is not less than 0.04mm.
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| CN112427655A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-03-02 | 华中科技大学 | Laser selective melting real-time path planning method based on temperature uniformity |
| CN113547745A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-26 | 上海复志信息技术有限公司 | Photocuring printer display device, 3D printer, control method and device and electronic device |
| CN114131050A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-04 | 深圳市华阳新材料科技有限公司 | Unsupported 3D printing method |
| CN114851549A (en) * | 2022-05-14 | 2022-08-05 | 重庆理工大学 | Method for manufacturing product formed by selective laser sintering |
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| CN105772721A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-20 | 周宏志 | Light-spot-size-variable scanning path generation method based on additive manufacturing |
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| JPH1142714A (en) * | 1997-07-29 | 1999-02-16 | Haipaa Fuoton Syst:Kk | Stereolithography |
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| CN112427655A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-03-02 | 华中科技大学 | Laser selective melting real-time path planning method based on temperature uniformity |
| CN112427655B (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-12-03 | 华中科技大学 | Laser selective melting real-time path planning method based on temperature uniformity |
| CN113547745A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-26 | 上海复志信息技术有限公司 | Photocuring printer display device, 3D printer, control method and device and electronic device |
| CN114131050A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-04 | 深圳市华阳新材料科技有限公司 | Unsupported 3D printing method |
| CN114851549A (en) * | 2022-05-14 | 2022-08-05 | 重庆理工大学 | Method for manufacturing product formed by selective laser sintering |
| CN114851549B (en) * | 2022-05-14 | 2024-01-26 | 重庆理工大学 | A product manufacturing method for selective laser sintering forming |
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