CN109876197A - A kind of 3D printing skin and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of 3D printing skin and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109876197A CN109876197A CN201910278559.3A CN201910278559A CN109876197A CN 109876197 A CN109876197 A CN 109876197A CN 201910278559 A CN201910278559 A CN 201910278559A CN 109876197 A CN109876197 A CN 109876197A
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- skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/60—Materials for use in artificial skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/16—Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/18—Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/22—Polypeptides or derivatives thereof, e.g. degradation products
- A61L27/24—Collagen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/38—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells
- A61L27/3804—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells characterised by specific cells or progenitors thereof, e.g. fibroblasts, connective tissue cells, kidney cells
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/38—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells
- A61L27/3886—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells comprising two or more cell types
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/38—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells
- A61L27/3895—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells using specific culture conditions, e.g. stimulating differentiation of stem cells, pulsatile flow conditions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/52—Hydrogels or hydrocolloids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/58—Materials at least partially resorbable by the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M37/0015—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin by using microneedles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/34—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for soft tissue reconstruction
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of 3D printing skin and preparation method thereof, the 3D printing skin includes skin layer made of 3D printing, further includes multiple micropins, and micropin is embedded in skin layer, the first end of micropin through or across skin layer surface, the second end of micropin is close, through or across skin layer bottom surface；Micropin includes at least one access of setting between the first end and a second end.The preparation method include 3D scanning and modeling, 3D layering printing and etc..3D printing skin of the invention is bonded completely with human skin damaged part and has substance conveying function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing and organizational project biomedical materials fields, are specifically related to a kind of 3D printing skin
And preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Skin is the maximum organ of human body, it not only has the function of resisting external environment infection, and also undertaking prevents in vivo
The task that moisture, electrolyte and other substances are lost.Under normal circumstances, if skin is by lighter damage, skin can be certainly
I restores.It when the skin of large area is seriously damaged, such as burns, doctor must input immediately liquid and protect wound.
If being only that skin shallow-layer is impaired, for the people of normal health, new skin can regenerate, but for some patients, such as diabetes
Patient, skin repair process are extremely difficult.In addition, if patient is influenced endogenous retinal stem cells, skin by serious burn
It cannot repair, the superficial skin at other positions of body must be usually transplanted on wound, but this method can cause on one's own account
New scar.If it is the burn of large area, human normal skin remains little, and will be unable to transplant.There is no the protection of skin, weight
Degree burns victims just will appear serious dehydration and bacterium infection, when serious will threat to life, in this case with regard to need make
Use artificial skin.
Artificial skin is the principle and method using biotechnology and regenerativ biology, the skin manually developed in vitro
Substitute, for repairing, substituting the skin histology of defect.Artificial skin can greatly improve severe burn by artificial synthesized
The survival rate of person.Artificial skin is various in style, is summed up, and the whole world, which has been studied, at present answers used artificial skin, has following
Three classes: (1) film-form, spongy artificial skin made of the synthetic materials such as high molecule plastic, synthesis polypeptide, staple fibre；(2)
Regenerated protein and the animal tissue artificial skin as made of the biomaterials such as amnion, peritonaeum, fetal membrane；(3) made of complete poly- film
Laminar artificial skin.
With the further maturation of technology, it is already possible to turn out with the holostrome skin with human skin with same alike result
Skin.But current artificial skin is mostly craft or plane printing, is all limited in production efficiency and therapeutic effect.
Existing patent application document discloses 3D printing skin and preparation method thereof.But in clinical treatment, to accelerate wound healing,
Promote body cell growth, skin injury need to keep certain wetting state, that is, require wound can neither overdrying, and not
It can excessive moisture.Over the course for the treatment of, all there is different aspect and different degrees of and lack in artificial skin made of existing method
Point, or because adhering to loosely, intensity is too poor；Or because antigenicity is too strong, irritation is big；Or because transparent performance is bad, easy infection；Or because
The growth of autosite skin is hindered, scar is innumerable；Or because raw material sources are not easy, cost is too high；Or because technique is numerous assorted, manufacture is difficult, or
It is difficult to store, thus cannot be promoted well and clinical application.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the first object of the present invention is to provide one kind and pastes completely with human skin damaged part
Merge and have the 3D printing skin of substance conveying function.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the 3D printing skin.
The first purpose to realize the present invention, the present invention provide a kind of 3D printing skin, including skin made of 3D printing
Layer, further includes multiple micropins, in the respective at least part insertion skin layer of micropin, the first end of micropin through or pass through skin
The surface of layer, the second end of micropin is close, through or across skin layer bottom surface；Micropin includes being arranged in first end and second end
Between at least one access.
Therefore 3D printing skin of the invention has microneedle configuration.After 3D printing skin implantation, micropin second end
Can it is close, contact or be pierced by body end, first end is attached at the outside of skin layer, can be realized nutrient solution, drug or cell
Conveyed outside to inside from 3D printing skin, at the same micropin can also realize excreta etc. out of implantation person body cell to implantation skin outside
Conveying, to be conducive to the regeneration for being implanted into skin.
Further technical solution is that micropin is additionally provided at least one through-hole being connected to access.
Therefore also settable multiple through-holes on micropin, to realize the conveying of different modes.Such as it is opened in micropin side
If through-hole, the positioning input or excreta output of side are realized.
Further technical solution is that multiple micropins are made of identical or different material, has identical or different take
To, length, cross section and/or micropin spacing.
Therefore the present invention is laid out by using different micropins, to realize a variety of conveying functions.Multiple micropins
The microneedle array of formation may include that the mixing for example with different length, outer diameter, internal diameter, cross-sectional shape and micropin spacing is micro-
Needle.Single micropin of the invention can have the function of ecto-entad conveying simultaneously and convey from inside to outside that of the invention is more
A micropin can also have the function of ecto-entad conveying with some micropin, have another part micropin to have and convey from inside to outside
Function.Orientation, length, cross section and the micropin spacing of micropin can be according to specific implantation situation, input or output substances
Characteristic etc. determine.For example, can be adjusted according to the requirement of skin implant site to micropin spacing, increase and decrease micropin appropriate
Quantity adjusts the density of micropin.
Further technical solution is that the material for preparing of micropin is metal, ceramics, semiconductor material, low molecule organic matter
Or one of high-molecular organic material or a variety of；The high-molecular organic material is Biodegradable polymer material or non-life
Biodegradable high molecular material.The material for preparing of micropin is preferably Biodegradable high-molecular compound.
Therefore micropin of the invention can be constructed using a variety of materials as needed.Building material can be pharmaceutical grade
Stainless steel or other metals, metal alloy, silicon, silica, high molecular material and composite material etc..High molecular material can be
Natural macromolecular material is also possible to the polymer of synthesis.Representative biodegradable polymer includes hydroxy acid such as lactic acid
With the polymer of glycolic, such as polylactide, polyglycolide and polylactide-co-glycolide etc., biodegradable polymer
It can also be the copolymer being copolymerized with polyethylene glycol, polyanhydride, polyorthoester, polyurethane, poly- (butyric acid), poly- (valeric acid) and gather
(lactide-co-caprolactone) etc..Representative non-biodegradable polymer includes polycarbonate, polyester and polyacrylamide
Deng.When nerve growth is to epidermis, the presence of micropin will lead to patient pain, therefore when skin repair and nerve growth is returned
When, micropin should be removed or degenerate.When using nondegradable material, micropin should have enough mechanical strengths, make
Micropin when being inserted into biological barrier, be held in place up to more days when and when taking out, can remain intact.When
When using biodegradable material, micropin must remain intact in enough long-times, enable micropin to reach it and be expected mesh
, for example, micropin is used to deliver the purpose of drug as conduit.Micropin of the invention preferably uses biodegradable material, micro-
Needle is degraded after being implanted into skin regeneration, is conducive to keep the barrier between epidermis and following connective tissue.
Further technical solution is that micropin is tilted a certain angle setting perpendicular to skin layer or relative to skin layer.
Therefore different orientations can be set in micropin of the invention.When micropin is perpendicular to skin layer, Ke Yiwei
The skin of per unit area provides biggish micropin density.When micropin is tilted a certain angle relative to skin layer, such as micropin
When being arranged according to the angle of natural hair growth, is conducive to micropin and preferably keeps in situ.When multiple micropins are taken using difference
Xiang Shi, micropin and wound face are easier to combine, and avoid excessively injuring skin, are also beneficial to skin regeneration.
Further technical solution is, the length of micropin at 1 μm between 5mm, preferably 400 μm and 1mm second end it
Between, such as can be about 800 μm.
Therefore micropin length of the invention can be selected according to actual needs.For specific application,
It is considered that micropin insertion skin carries out length selections with two parts for being not inserted into skin.
Further technical solution is that the cross section of micropin is round or non-circular, and cross section is in micropin length direction
Upper different location has same or different shapes and sizes.
Therefore the present invention can select suitable micropin cross sectional shape and size according to actual needs.For example, working as
When needing substance biggish by access input viscosity, it can choose the micropin with comparatively large cross-sectional area and be arranged biggish logical
Road and/or biggish through-hole.It is straight that micropin can be, and has substantially homogeneous diameter.Micropin can be taper, micropin
Diameter is maximum value at one end, tapers into a point in the other end.Micropin also can be made into including straight non-
The part of taper and conical section.Preferably, the size such as diameter that micropin is held in epidermis side and subcutaneously has certain difference.
Further technical solution is that sensor is provided on micropin, and sensor is for monitoring and/or controlling object in micropin
The transmission of matter.
Therefore the present invention can monitor the function and effect of the substance of input by the way that sensor is arranged on micropin, and
Transmission process is controlled, to further be conducive to the regeneration for being implanted into skin.The present invention can be by external with 3D printing skin
Matched equipment is detected and is monitored, to more effectively promote the implantation effect of skin.
Further technical solution is that the first end of micropin connects storage, has medicament, nutrient solution or cell in storage；Storage
Device controls the release of medicament, nutrient solution or cell by sensor.
Therefore the present invention can input medicament, nutrient solution or cell by micropin.Medicament may include minot ring
Element, for preventing from infecting and keep cell.Medicament can also be including Chinese medical extract etc..Nutrient solution may include growth factor,
Such as the factor of stimulation nerve growth enables implantation skin to tactile, pain, stretches for stimulating nerve growth to epidermis
Exhibition, pressure etc. make a response to protect itself, in addition it can promote hair growth.The cell of input can also include having rice
The mescenchymal stem cell etc. of promise ring element.Storage is arranged in the present invention, is connected by the first end of storage and micropin, convenient for storing up in storage
Medicament, nutrient solution or the cell deposited or generated are flowed out from storage, by the access of micropin, are flowed into destination organization.Connect storage
When, the first end of preferably micropin is pierced by the surface of skin.In addition it is possible to use sensor discharges the substance of storage.
Since artificial skin success is transplanted, key be can quick vascularization, therefore should be as early as possible after dermatoplasty
Obtain nutrition supply.The nutrient solution that the present invention is inputted can also include the factor (VEGF) base that one kind can promote vascularization
Cause is successfully transferred to human fibroblast by VEGF gene, can secretion of VEGF, promote vascularization.The present invention may be used also
Self endothelial cell and fibroblast are implanted into dermis scaffold by approach appropriate, the formation of new vessels is induced.
At present in clinical application, for example sieve-like skin-grafting method is that the artificial skin of quasi- skin-grafting is cut many osculums, in certain tension
Under the conditions of be fixed on the surface of a wound, can be increased the area of skin graft, at the same be also convenient for diffusate drainage, and the present invention use microneedle configuration
3D printing skin after, do not need notch again, can by micropin realize diffusate drainage, be conducive to improve implantation effect, promote
Form new blood vessel.
Further technical solution is, 3D printing skin further includes bracket, and bracket is arranged on the surface of skin layer, bottom surface
In lower or skin layer.Preferably, bracket is made of biodegradable material.
Therefore 3D printing skin of the invention includes bracket, bracket facilitates the fixation for being implanted into skin, convenient for operation
Suture.The bracket can be a continuous entirety, can have gap in centre, can also be split up into multiple brackets, as long as
It can play a supporting role in skin layer.Preferably, the bracket is using biodegradable and the boiomacromolecule of absorption
Nano-fiber material is made.Bracket is degradable after 3D printing dermatoplasty or removes.
Further technical solution is that skin layer includes dermal cell layer and cuticular cellulose from the inside to the outside.Further,
Collagen gel layer is respectively equipped between dermal cell layer and cuticular cellulose, on the outside of dermal cell layer inside and epidermal cell.Or
Person, skin layer are compact film.
Therefore 3D printing skin of the invention may include dermal cell layer and cuticular cellulose, close to human body
Cuticula and hair can be generated in dermal composition.Cellular layer can be with antibiotic such as minocyclines.When using this skin structure
When making, the second end of micropin at least reaches the skin corium of 3D printing skin, to meet the conveying of nutriment or medicament.The glue
Former gel rubber material can also be replaced with other biological degradation material or with the mixture of other biological degradation material.This hair
Bright 3D printing skin can also be compact film, deposit 3D printing by polycarboxylic acid anhydride and polyethylene glycol succinate mixed melting
Molding is inputted by collagen by micropin filling after implantation, polylysine, glycine, Arabic gum, citric acid, is resisted with antibacterial
The drug etc. of virus function, can further decrease the manufacture difficulty of entire skin in this way.
The second purpose to realize the present invention, the present invention provide the preparation method of above-mentioned 3D printing skin, including following step
It is rapid: to use 3D scanner scanning skin damage position, establish substrate model and 3D printing skin model；It is printed using 3D printer
Substrate, then successively print the skin layer and micropin；Alternatively, successively being beaten using 3D printer according to the model printed substrates
Skin layer is printed, the micropin got ready is inserted into；Alternatively, using 3D printer according to the model printed substrates, place get ready it is micro-
Needle, then successively printing skin layer.
Therefore the method that the present invention is printed, successively stacked using 3D scanning modeling technology and 3D layering, it prints
Positioned at the skin histology with specific thicknesses and specific shape of human skin damaged location, can print according to actual needs
Full custom type skin.Micropin can be printed while biological 3D successively prints skin layer to be formed or 3D printing skin layer after
Secondary implantation micropin.Skin layer can from inside to outside when successively printing or ecto-entad successively prints.
Further technical solution is that the preparation method is further comprising the steps of: a small amount of skin histology is extracted, it is isolated
Primary Skin Cell, culture obtains the desired amount of dermal cell and epidermal cell, for printing skin layer.
Therefore the present invention need to only extract a small amount of human skin cell, by cell separation, medicine irritation, passage
Enough Skin Cells for 3D printing can be obtained after culture, avoid further resulting in skin wound.
Further technical solution is that the multiple micropins got ready pass through sterilization treatment；Skin layer is printed upon clean envelope
It is carried out in closed loop border.
Therefore 3D printing skin of the invention should guarantee that 3D printing skin is dry for being implanted into human body surface as far as possible
Only, it avoids bringing infection.Micropin of the invention can carry out sterilization treatment, such as ethylene oxide sterilizing or γ using standard method
Radiation sterilization.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of 3D printing skin embodiment one of the present invention, wherein (a) is the signal of 3D printing skin
Figure；It (b) is the schematic diagram of the bracket with micropin；It (c) is the partial section enlarged view of 3D printing skin.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of 3D printing skin embodiment two of the present invention, wherein (a) is the signal of 3D printing skin
Figure；It (b) is the schematic diagram of the bracket with micropin；It (c) is the partial section enlarged view of 3D printing skin.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of 3D printing skin embodiment three of the present invention, wherein (a) is the signal of 3D printing skin
Figure；It (b) is the schematic diagram of the bracket with micropin；It (c) is the partial section enlarged view of 3D printing skin.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of 3D printing skin example IV of the present invention, wherein (a) is the signal of 3D printing skin
Figure；It (b) is the schematic diagram of the bracket with micropin；It (c) is the partial section enlarged view of 3D printing skin.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of 3D printing skin embodiment five of the present invention, wherein (a) is the schematic diagram of 3D printing skin；(b)
The decomposition diagram of 3D printing skin.
Fig. 6 is the partial sectional view after 3D printing skin embodiment six of the present invention is transplanted.
Fig. 7 is the partial sectional view after 3D printing skin embodiment seven of the present invention is transplanted.
Fig. 8 is the partial sectional view after 3D printing skin embodiment eight of the present invention is transplanted.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Specific embodiment
Print skin preparation method embodiment
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of 3D printing skin comprising the step of next coming in order carry out:
(1) 3D scanning and skin modeling: human skin damaged part is scanned using 3D scanner, obtains skin damage portion
The three-dimensional structure of position reuses software and calculates each attribute of full custom skin that wound needs to transplant, including substrate three-dimensional mould
Each attribute of type and dermal composition model establishes the 3D printing skin including bracket for meeting skin damage position three-dimensional structure
Model, so that customization skin is bonded wound completely；It estimates and assesses whether to need stem cell, if desired, tentatively estimate its quantity；
The type for assessing the nutrient solution or medicament for promoting skin regeneration for needing to input simultaneously, assesses the structure and micropin of micropin
Position, layout and micropin access and the size of through-hole etc..
(2) when needing stem cell, prepare stem cell: extract a small amount of human skin tissue, through over cleaning, disinfection, weighing,
Chopping obtains the good skin histology of preliminary treatment, and corresponding protease is added and clostridiopetidase A carries out tissue enzymatic hydrolysis, obtains free
Skin cell tissue's liquid；Cell liquid, centrifugation aggregation cell is obtained by filtration, then seeds cells into culture dish, obtains primary skin
Cell；Originally culture, takes a part of primary cell, and addition ROCK inhibitor is cultivated, through secondary culture after a period of time, obtained
To the epidermal stem cells of requirement；A part of primary cell is taken, ROCK inhibitor is not added and is cultivated, through after a period of time
Secondary culture turns out the corium stem cell of requirement.Stem cell can be corium stem cell and endogenous epidermal stem cells.
Resulting epidermal stem cells and corium stem cell can be saved in liquid nitrogen, in case printing uses, when needing to print, by cell
It is transferred in the raw material box of printer.
(3) it 3D layering printing: first passes through 3D printer and prints dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS) substrate, in PDMS substrate
Upper printing collagen gel layer prints dermal cell layer in collagen gel layer, prints collagen gel layer on dermal cell layer,
Cuticular cellulose is printed in collagen gel layer, prints collagen gel layer again on cuticular cellulose.The printing of every layer of collagen gel
Process are as follows: first print one layer of crosslinking agent, print one layer of collagen gel on it, then print crosslinking agent and fix this layer.Cellular layer
Print procedure are as follows: one layer of crosslinking agent is first printed, prints one layer of collagen gel on it, one layer of cells layer is printed on gel, then
Printing crosslinking agent fixes this layer.Wherein, the number of plies of the dermal cell layer, collagen gel layer and cuticular cellulose and thickness according to
Actual needs carries out Modeling Calculation and determines.In another preparation method embodiment of the invention, it can also be printed from skin surface
To hypodermic layer.Micropin can be printed while biological 3D successively prints skin layer to be formed or 3D printing skin layer after it is secondary
It is implanted into micropin.
After 3D printing skin prepares, skin histology culture and transplanting are carried out: by printed cutaneous metastatic to culture dish
In, it at insulating box gas-liquid interface culture 2 to 10 days, is tentatively merged to skin histology, then be transplanted to skin damage position or progress
Vitro skin model test.
Skin is divided into dermal cell layer, cuticular cellulose according to modeling by 3D skin preparation method provided in this embodiment
And gel layer prints the full custom skin constructed close to human skin, is by way of multilayer printing, successively stacking
The global function skin of cuticula and hair can be generated, can also be sought in implantation process by the micropin of setting on the skin
The conveying of nutrient solution or medicament.
Print skin embodiment
Embodiment one: as shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of 3D printing skins comprising cuticular cellulose 11, dermal cell
Layer 12, micropin 13 and bracket 14.Wherein, for 13 first end of micropin through the surface of cuticular cellulose 11, it is thin that second end is pierced by corium
The bottom surface of born of the same parents' layer 12, access is equipped among micropin 13.Micropin 13 includes straight section and conical section.Micropin 13 is identical as 14 use of bracket
Material be made.Bracket 14 is located at top layer, and bracket 14 can be moved back in 3D printing skin graft operation and be removed.The 3D printing skin is also
It may include collagen gel layer, be not shown.
Embodiment two: as shown in Fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a kind of 3D printing skins comprising cuticular cellulose 21, corium
Cellular layer 22, micropin 23 and bracket 24.Wherein, micropin 23 is made from bracket 24 of different materials.Bracket 24 is beaten positioned at 3D
The top for printing skin, can remove after 3D printing skin graft operation.Remaining structure is similar to embodiment one.
Embodiment three: as shown in figure 3, the present embodiment provides a kind of 3D printing skins comprising cuticular cellulose 31, corium
Cellular layer 32, micropin 33 and bracket 34.Wherein, bracket 34 is located at the middle layer of 3D printing skin, in 3D printing dermatoplasty
It can degrade after operation.Micropin 33 is made with bracket 34 of identical or different material.Remaining structure is similar to embodiment one.
Example IV: as shown in figure 4, the present embodiment provides a kind of 3D printing skins comprising cuticular cellulose 41, corium
Cellular layer 42, micropin 43 and bracket 44.Wherein, bracket 44 is located at the bottom of 3D printing skin, in 3D printing dermatoplasty
It can degrade after operation.Micropin 43 is made with bracket 44 of identical or different material.Remaining structure is similar to embodiment one.
Embodiment five: as shown in figure 5, the present embodiment provides a kind of 3D printing skins comprising cuticular cellulose 51, corium
Cellular layer 52, micropin 53 and bracket 54.Wherein, micropin 53 is tapered.Bracket 54 is located at the top of 3D printing skin, and dispersion is set
It sets around micropin 53, can be removed after 3D printing skin graft operation.Micropin 53 is with bracket 54 using identical or different
Material be made.
Embodiment six: as shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a kind of 3D printing skins comprising cuticular cellulose 61, corium
Cellular layer 62, micropin 63 and bracket 64.Access 65 is wherein equipped between 63 first end and second end of micropin, micropin 63 is tapered,
The diameter of micropin 63 is gradually reduced from first end to second end.63 side of micropin is additionally provided with through-hole 66.3D printing dermatoplasty
Afterwards, the second end of micropin 63 inserted into the patient 67, from 63 first end of micropin by access 65 can input nutrient solution, medicament or
Cell 68, nutrient solution, medicament or cell 68 can position infiltration or conveying to patient from 63 second end of micropin or through-hole 66, this
Outer waste can also be discharged to outside skin by access 65, be conducive to the regeneration fusion growth of skin.Bracket 64 surrounds micropin 63 weeks
Setting is enclosed, and is located in cuticular cellulose 61 and dermal cell layer 62, it is degradable after 3D printing dermatoplasty.
Embodiment seven: as shown in fig. 7, the present embodiment provides a kind of 3D printing skins comprising cuticular cellulose 71, corium
Cellular layer 72, micropin 73 and bracket 74.Wherein micropin 73 is equipped with access 75 and through-hole 76, and 73 second end of micropin is inserted into the patient
77, micropin 73 can convey nutrient solution, medicament or cell 78, and waste can also be discharged.Bracket 74 leaves the setting of micropin 73, position
It is degradable after 3D printing dermatoplasty in cuticular cellulose 71 and dermal cell layer 72.Remaining structure and six phase of embodiment
Seemingly.
Embodiment eight: as shown in figure 8, the present embodiment provides a kind of 3D printing skins comprising cuticular cellulose 81, corium
Cellular layer 82, micropin 83 and bracket 84.Wherein micropin 83 is equipped with access 85 and through-hole 86, and 83 second end of micropin is inserted into the patient
87, micropin 83 can convey nutrient solution, medicament or cell 88, and waste can also be discharged.In the present embodiment, part micropin 83 is straight
Diameter is gradually reduced from first end to second end, and micropin 83 diameter in part is gradually reduced from second end to first end, is conducive to improve
Micropin density is also beneficial to the conveying of substance, can be realized the automatic quick healing with human skin.
It is emphasized that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, for this
For the technical staff in field, the present invention can have various change and change, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, done
Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
3D printing skin provided by the invention, can be used for the skin of the patients such as various skin diseases such as psoriasis, acne, albinism
Skin reparation, it can also be used to burn, the skin repair of the patients such as diabetes.And 3D printing skin is full custom skin, with wound
It fits like a glove, improves success rate, and better curative effect can be obtained.Meanwhile micropin of the invention is beaten in 3D
It plays a significant role in terms of inputting nutrient solution, cell and drug and discharge waste after print skin implantation.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of 3D printing skin, including skin layer made of 3D printing, it is characterised in that:
The 3D printing skin further includes multiple micropins, and the micropin is embedded in the skin layer, and the first end of the micropin is worn
Arrive or across the surface of the skin layer, the second end of the micropin is close, through or across the skin layer bottom surface；
The micropin includes at least one access being arranged between the first end and the second end.
2. a kind of 3D printing skin according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The micropin is additionally provided at least one through-hole being connected to the access.
3. a kind of 3D printing skin according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
The multiple micropin is made of identical or different material, has identical or different orientation, length, cross section and micropin
Spacing；
The material is one of metal, ceramics, semiconductor material, low molecule organic matter or high-molecular organic material or more
Kind；The high-molecular organic material is Biodegradable polymer material or nonbiodegradable high molecular material；
It is described to be oriented perpendicular to the skin layer or be tilted a certain angle relative to the skin layer；
The length is at 1 μm between 5mm；
The cross section be it is round or non-circular, the cross section have on the micropin length direction different location it is identical or
Different shape and size.
4. a kind of 3D printing skin according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
Sensor is provided on the micropin, the sensor is used to monitor and/or control the transmission of substance in the micropin.
5. a kind of 3D printing skin according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
The first end of the micropin connects storage, has medicament, nutrient solution or cell in the storage；The storage passes through sensor
Control the release of medicament, nutrient solution or cell.
6. a kind of 3D printing skin according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
The 3D printing skin further includes bracket, and the bracket setting is in the skin layer surface, setting in the skin
Layer subjacent is arranged in the skin layer；The bracket is by biodegradable material or nondegradable material system
At.
7. a kind of 3D printing skin according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
The skin layer includes dermal cell layer and cuticular cellulose；Between the dermal cell layer and the cuticular cellulose,
Collagen gel layer is respectively equipped on the inside of the dermal cell layer and on the outside of the epidermal cell；
Alternatively, the skin layer is polymer compact film；The polymer compact film is by polycarboxylic acid anhydride and poly-succinic second
Diol ester mixed melting deposits 3D printing molding.
8. the preparation method of 3D printing skin according to any one of claims 1 to 7, it is characterised in that including following step
It is rapid:
Using 3D scanner scanning skin damage position, substrate model and 3D printing skin model are established；
Using 3D printer printed substrates, then successively print the skin layer and the multiple micropin；Alternatively, using 3D printer
Printed substrates successively print the skin layer, are inserted into the multiple micropin got ready；Alternatively, printing base using 3D printer
The multiple micropin got ready is placed, then successively prints the skin layer in bottom.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that further comprising the steps of:
A small amount of skin histology, isolated primary Skin Cell are extracted, culture obtains the desired amount of dermal cell and epidermal cell,
For printing the skin layer.
10. preparation method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
The multiple micropin got ready passes through sterilization treatment；
Being printed upon in clean enclosed environment for the skin layer carries out.
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| CN202010521539.7A CN111686309A (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | Preparation method of 3D printed skin |
| CN201910278559.3A CN109876197A (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | A kind of 3D printing skin and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112206357A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-12 | 清华大学 | Tissue engineering skin biological ink, preparation method, regeneration method and system |
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