CN109863994A - A kind of method that the best pollinated stage of oil palm determines - Google Patents
A kind of method that the best pollinated stage of oil palm determines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109863994A CN109863994A CN201910289270.1A CN201910289270A CN109863994A CN 109863994 A CN109863994 A CN 109863994A CN 201910289270 A CN201910289270 A CN 201910289270A CN 109863994 A CN109863994 A CN 109863994A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pollen
- phase
- oil palm
- female
- flower
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the methods that a kind of best pollinated stage of oil palm determines, belong to oil palm raising technology field.The measurement of oil palm female flower Pistil recipient phase in the method that the best pollinated stage of oil palm determines, comprising the following steps: flowering will be started to the female inflorescence wilted, 5 periods are in turn divided into according to mode of appearance variation and inflorescence development course；The column cap for cutting the female flower inflorescence of different times, is respectively adopted benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method measurement female flower Pistil recipient phase, pollinates in the period of selection is corresponding to the strongest female chapiter of female flower Pistil recipient phase；The oil palm male inflorescence pollen activity method for measuring collects pollen daily, obtains 5~7 days pollen since the male flower after loose powder；The pollen of the different time of collection is measured into pollen activity respectively, selects pollen of the pollen activity greater than 80% for pollinating.The present invention provides reliable, strong operability foundation and method for the determination of pollination period best in production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil palm raising technology fields, and in particular to a kind of method that the best pollinated stage of oil palm determines.
Background technique
Oil palm (Elaeisguineensis Jacq.) is used as one of main woody oleiferous plants crop in the world, not only yield
It is high, profitable on ecology, adaptable, and can be planted in arid hillside field, there is no striving ground with grain, real cost of production compared with
It is low.Palm oil is not only one of important sources of edible oil, is also easily converted to biodiesel.According to statistics, global palm
Oil yield is 70,000,000 tons, accounts for 30% or more of the 9 kinds of main vegetable oil total outputs in the world, and price and grease price have height
One of correlation, and become many food enterprise important source materials.China is as the main palm oil importer in the whole world and consumption
State is very strong to the dependence of international palm oil.China's edible oil degree of self-sufficiency is only 32.3%, therefore, develops oil palm in China and produces
Industry is expected to improve the vegetable oil degree of self-sufficiency, ensures national edible oil supply and Biomass Energy Development, has great importance.
Pollen activity and Pistil recipient phase play an important role to the success of plant sexual propagation and crossbreeding, to guarantee
It pollinates successfully, it is necessary to so that pollen is reached suitable column cap when with viability, the evaluation of plant Pistil recipient phase is breeding biology
The important research content of parent's compatibility and the committed step of successful incubation Hybrid are learned and study, but at present to oil
The research of brown Pistil recipient phase is less.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, opening the purpose of the present invention is to provide the method that a kind of best pollinated stage of oil palm determines difference
It puts the pollen activity of male flower and the Pistil recipient phase of female flower under state to be compared and evaluate, screens suitable pollination date, with
Phase provides theoretical foundation for oil palm crossbreeding.
The present invention provides the method that a kind of best pollinated stage of oil palm determines, the Enumerable infinite set including the female chapiter of oil palm is surveyed
Determine method and oil palm male flower pollen activity method for measuring；
The Enumerable infinite set method for measuring of the female chapiter of oil palm, comprising the following steps:
1) flowering will be started to the female flower inflorescence wilted according to mode of appearance variation and inflorescence development course, be in turn divided into
Flowering phase, flowering stage, Y word phase, turnup phase and wilting 5 periods of phase；
2) column cap of the female flower inflorescence in step 1) in 5 periods is cut, immerses benzidine-hydroperoxidation respectively
4~6min is reacted in liquid, is generated according to the bubble around column cap and color change judges female flower Pistil recipient phase, selected in female flower
Period corresponding to the strongest female chapiter of Pistil recipient phase pollinates；
The oil palm male flower pollen activity method for measuring, comprising the following steps:
A. after loose powder, pollen is collected daily, obtains 5~7 days pollen since the male flower；
B. the pollen for the different time collected in step A is measured into pollen activity respectively, pollen activity is selected to be greater than 80%
Pollen for pollinating.
Preferably, the acquisition time of the female flower inflorescence in 5 periods described in step 1) and mode of appearance and inflorescence development
Feature is as follows:
The I phase is the flowering phase, and from spending first 1~2 day, carpel is all perianth and is wrapped up for acquisition；
Second stage is flowering stage, and acquisition is from blooming the 1st day, and carpel grows from perianth, and trilobe parts a little open；
Third stage is the Y word phase, and from blooming the 2nd~3 day, trilobe spreading angle increases for acquisition；
Fourth stage is the turnup phase, and acquisition is from blooming the 4th~5 day, and sliver angle is bigger, and top turnup；
The V phase be the wilting phase, acquisition from bloom the 6th day and after, carpel color browning starts to wilt.
Preferably, benzidine described in step 2)-hydroperoxidation liquid is by 1% biphenyl amine aqueous solution of mass concentration, body
3% hydrogen peroxide and water of product concentration are mixed with to obtain according to volume ratio 4:11:22.
Preferably, the bubble around the column cap generates and the standard of color change judgement is as follows:
| Pistil recipient phase | Numerical value | Color change situation | Bubble production |
| Nothing | 0 | Nothing | Nothing is few |
| It is extremely weak | 1 | Nothing | On a small quantity |
| It is weaker | 2 | Nothing | It is more |
| By force | 3 | Nothing | Largely |
| It is relatively strong | 4 | Become blue | It is more |
| It is extremely strong | 5 | Become blue (speed for becoming blue is fast) | Largely |
。
Preferably, in step A pollen activity measuring method, comprising the following steps:
Drop is cultivated on glass slide after pollen is diluted with culture medium, microscopically observation and the number for calculating germination of pollen tube
Amount calculates pollen activity according to formula I；
Pollen activity (%)=germination of pollen tube quantity (grain)/total pollen number (grain) × 100% formula I.
Preferably, the culture medium is that sucrose 10g, boric acid 0.015g and agar 1g are added in every 100mL distilled water.
Preferably, the environment of the culture is to have drop the glass slide of pollen dilution to be put into the culture for being covered with wet filter paper
It is cultivated in ware；The time of the culture is 2h.
Preferably, oil palm includes thick shell kind Dura；The Enumerable infinite set period of the female flower style of the thickness shell kind Dura is turnup
Phase, cutting the time is 16 ︰ 00；The Enumerable infinite set male flower pollen of the thickness shell kind Dura is the pollen of 3d acquisition after male flower loose powder.
Preferably, oil palm includes no shell kind Pisifera；When the Enumerable infinite set of the female flower style of the no shell kind Pisifera
Phase is the Y word phase, and cutting the time is 10 ︰ 00；The Enumerable infinite set male flower pollen of the no shell kind Pisifera is 4d after male flower loose powder
The pollen of acquisition.
Preferably, oil palm includes shell kind Tenera；The Enumerable infinite set period of the female flower style of the shell kind Tenera is Y
The word phase, cutting the time is 10 ︰ 00；The Enumerable infinite set male flower pollen of the shell kind Tenera is the flower of 2d acquisition after male flower loose powder
Powder.
The present invention provides the methods that a kind of best pollinated stage of oil palm determines, including the best pollinated stage of female flower inflorescence
The measuring method of measuring method and male flower pollen pollinated stage, the present invention first acquires oil palm female flower inflorescence, then according to appearance shape
Female flower inflorescence is in turn divided into flowering phase, flowering stage, Y word phase, turnup phase and wilted the phase 5 by state variation and inflorescence development course
Period measures Pistil recipient phase using benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method, observes bubble generation and color change feelings around column cap
Condition obtains Pistil recipient phase evaluation result after observation result quantization, and the period for selecting Pistil recipient phase evaluation score value best is made
For best period of pollinating.The present invention collects 5~7 days after male flower loose powder pollen simultaneously, measures the vigor for the pollen collected every time,
Judge pollen Enumerable infinite set period.The technical scheme is that determining for best pollination period provides reliable, strong operability in production
Foundation and method.
Further, when the method that the best pollinated stage of oil palm provided by the invention determines also defines the division of female flower inflorescence
The method of phase, powder vigour-testing method living and oil palm Enumerable infinite set period not of the same race.It can be quasi- using method provided by the invention
Best pollinated stage is really obtained, while easy to operate, it is reproducible.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the female flower Pistil recipient phase of shell kind oil palm different open hour compares；
Fig. 2 is the division and determination of the different female bloom dates of female flower；
Fig. 3 is the variation tendency of 3 kinds of shell type of oil palm fibre Pistil recipient phases；
Fig. 4 is the variation tendency of 3 kinds of shell type of oil palm fibre pollen activities；
Fig. 5 is the diurnal variation process of 3 kinds of shell type of oil palm fibre pollen activities；
Fig. 6 is the diurnal variation process of 3 kinds of shell type of oil palm fibre Pistil recipient phases.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides the methods that a kind of best pollinated stage of oil palm determines, including the measurement of oil palm male flower pollen activity
The Enumerable infinite set method for measuring of method and the female chapiter of oil palm.
In the present invention, the oil palm male flower pollen activity method for measuring, comprising the following steps:
A. after loose powder, pollen is collected daily, obtains 5~7 days pollen since the male flower；
B. the pollen for the different time collected in step A is measured into pollen activity respectively, pollen activity is selected to be greater than 80%
Pollen for pollinating.
The present invention after loose powder, is collected pollen, obtains 5~7 days pollen daily since the male flower.In the present invention, it acquires
The period of male flower pollen since start loose powder to during complete loose powder, collect pollen daily.
After obtaining pollen, the pollen for the different time collected in step A is measured into pollen activity respectively, selects pollen activity
Pollen greater than 80% is for pollinating.
In the present invention, the measuring method of the pollen activity, preferably includes following steps:
Drop is cultivated on glass slide after pollen is diluted with culture medium, microscopically observation and the number for calculating germination of pollen tube
Amount calculates pollen activity according to formula I；
Pollen activity (%)=germination of pollen tube quantity (grain)/total pollen number (grain) × 100% formula I.
In the present invention, the culture medium is preferably that sucrose 10g, boric acid 0.015g and fine jade are added in every 100mL distilled water
Rouge 1g.The environment of the culture is preferably to have the glass slide of pollen dilution to be put into the culture dish for being covered with wet filter paper drop to train
It supports；The time of the culture is preferably 2h.The temperature of the culture is preferably room temperature (22~27 DEG C).Observation carries under the microscope
The germination of pollen tube situation in 3 visuals field in slide center.Each processing is repeated 3 times, and seeks the average value repeated every time with each processing,
Advantageously reduce error.By the measurement of pollen activity, determine the power to pollen activity under different open states (according to formula
I is calculated, and measured value is bigger, and expression pollen activity is stronger；Conversely, weaker.The present invention is considered as vigor with 80% or more pollen activity
Strong pollen；And 50% pollen activity below is considered as the weak pollen of vigor.
In the present invention, the Enumerable infinite set method for measuring of the female chapiter of the oil palm, comprising the following steps:
1) flowering will be started to the female flower inflorescence wilted according to mode of appearance variation and inflorescence development course, be in turn divided into
Flowering phase, flowering stage, Y word phase, turnup phase and wilting 5 periods of phase；
2) column cap of the female flower inflorescence in step 1) in 5 periods is cut, immerses benzidine-hydroperoxidation respectively
4~6min is reacted in liquid, is generated according to the bubble around column cap and color change judges female flower Pistil recipient phase, selected in female flower
Period corresponding to the strongest female chapiter of Pistil recipient phase pollinates.
The present invention will start flowering to the female flower inflorescence wilted according to mode of appearance variation and inflorescence development course, successively draw
It is divided into flowering phase, flowering stage, Y word phase, turnup phase and wilts 5 periods of phase.
In the present invention, the mode of appearance variation and inflorescence development course include the carpel of female inflorescence and the package of perianth
Situation, opening degree of sliver etc..The acquisition time of the female flower inflorescence in 5 periods and the spy of mode of appearance and inflorescence development
Point is as follows:
The I phase is the flowering phase, and from spending first 1~2 day, carpel is all perianth and is wrapped up for acquisition；
Second stage is flowering stage, and acquisition is from blooming the 1st day, and carpel grows from perianth, and trilobe parts a little open；
Third stage is the Y word phase, and from blooming the 2nd~3 day, trilobe spreading angle increases for acquisition；
Fourth stage is the turnup phase, and acquisition is from blooming the 4th~5 day, and sliver angle is bigger, and top turnup；
The V phase be the wilting phase, acquisition from bloom the 6th day and after, carpel color browning starts to wilt.
After obtaining the female flower inflorescence in 5 periods, the present invention cuts the column cap of the female flower inflorescence in 5 periods, is soaked respectively
Enter 4~6min of reaction in benzidine-hydroperoxidation liquid, is generated according to the bubble around column cap and color change judges female flower
Pistil recipient phase is pollinated in the period of selection is corresponding to the strongest female chapiter of female flower Pistil recipient phase.
In the present invention, the benzidine-hydroperoxidation liquid is preferably by 1% biphenyl amine aqueous solution of mass concentration, body
3% hydrogen peroxide and water of product concentration are mixed with to obtain according to volume ratio 4:11:22.The time of the reaction is preferably
5min。
In the present invention, the bubble around the column cap generates and the standard of color change judgement is preferably as follows:
| Pistil recipient phase | Numerical value | Color change situation | Bubble production |
| Nothing | 0 | Nothing | Nothing is few |
| It is extremely weak | 1 | Nothing | On a small quantity |
| It is weaker | 2 | Nothing | It is more |
| By force | 3 | Nothing | Largely |
| It is relatively strong | 4 | Become blue | It is more |
| It is extremely strong | 5 | Become blue (speed for becoming blue is fast) | Largely |
." 3 clover material pollen activities and the Pistil recipient phase ratio that the judgment criteria of the column cap is reported referring to Han Yuna
Compared with " description in document etc..
In the present invention, the pollen activity acquired in male inflorescence 2~4d of loose powder is stronger, therefore should take powder in this period
And it saves or directly pollinates.The type of the oil palm includes thick shell kind, without shell kind and shell kind.Thick shell kind, without shell kind and thin
The different shell types results of shell kind are inconsistent.Thick shell kind oil palm includes thick shell kind Dura；The female flower flower of the thickness shell kind Dura
The Enumerable infinite set period of column is preferably the turnup phase, and the time is preferably 16 ︰ 00；The Enumerable infinite set male flower pollen of the thickness shell kind Dura is preferred
The pollen acquired for 3d after male flower loose powder.No shell kind oil palm includes no shell kind Pisifera；The no shell kind Pisifera's
The Enumerable infinite set period of female flower style is preferably the Y word phase, and the time is preferably 10 ︰ 00；The Enumerable infinite set of the no shell kind Pisifera is male
Flower pollen is preferably the pollen of 4d acquisition after male flower loose powder.Shell kind oil palm includes shell kind Tenera；The shell kind
The Enumerable infinite set period of the female flower style of Tenera is preferably the Y word phase, and the time is preferably 10 ︰ 00；The shell kind Tenera's can
Awarding property male flower pollen is preferably the pollen of 2d acquisition after male flower loose powder.
It is detailed to a kind of method progress that the best pollinated stage of oil palm determines provided by the invention below with reference to embodiment
Illustrate, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1. sampling object: the oil palm tree in florescence
2. test site: four groups of oil palm bases of Hainan Province Wenchang City Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science.
3. test period: on July 24, -2017 years on the 9th July in 2017.
A kind of determination method of oil palm suitable harvest stage is as follows:
1) thick shell kind Dura oil palm is as object, the determination and division at female inflorescence florescence, starts flowering to withering with female inflorescence
It is listless, it samples, generally needs 5-7 days daily.By the inflorescence of different development stage, gone through according to the variation of mode of appearance and the development of inflorescence
Journey is divided into the different florescences.
Florescence divides according to the package situation of the carpel of female flower inflorescence and perianth, opening degree of sliver etc., specific to divide
For 5 periods, i.e. I phase (flowering phase, Hua Qian 1~2 day): carpel is all perianth and is wrapped up；(flowering stage blooms the 1st to second stage
It): carpel grows from perianth, and trilobe parts a little open；Third stage (the Y word phase blooms the 2nd~3 day): trilobe spreading angle
Increase；Fourth stage (the turnup phase blooms the 4th~5 day): sliver angle is bigger, and top turnup；The V phase (wilts the phase, blooms the 6th
It and after): carpel color browning starts to wilt.Specifically characteristic morphology is shown in Fig. 2 by stages.
2) 16:00 cuts the female chapiter of different development stage in the afternoon, immerses and contains one hydroperoxidation of benzidine
Liquid (1% benzidine: 3% hydrogen peroxide: deionized water volume ratio is prepared for 4:11:22) is observed around column cap after 5min
Bubble generate and color change situation, to observation result quantified the power that Pistil recipient phase is determined (see Fig. 1 and table 1).
1 female flower Pistil recipient phase testing result of table
| Pistil recipient phase | Numerical value | Color change situation | Bubble production |
| Nothing | 0 | Nothing | Nothing is few |
| It is extremely weak | 1 | Nothing | On a small quantity |
| It is weaker | 2 | Nothing | It is more |
| By force | 3 | Nothing | Largely |
| It is relatively strong | 4 | Become blue | It is more |
| It is extremely strong | 5 | Become blue (speed for becoming blue is fast) | Largely |
Note: " the 3 clover material pollen activities and Pistil recipient phase compare " document reported referring to Han Yuna.
3) pollen for taking different number of days after loose powder, takes sucrose 10g, boric acid 0.015g, agar 1g to be dissolved in 100mL distilled water
It is configured to culture medium, and is dripped on the glass slide got ready.The pollen shaken off is evenly coated in and has dripped the load glass for having culture medium
On piece, and glass slide is put into the culture dish for being covered with wet filter paper, it takes out after cultivating 2h under room temperature, is seen under microscope
Examine the germination of pollen tube situation in central 3 visuals field of glass slide.Each processing is repeated 3 times, and is asked every time repeatedly flat with each processing
Mean value, and correlated results is represented with average value.Calculation formula is as follows: pollen activity=germination of pollen tube quantity (grain)/total flower
Powder number (grain) × 100%.By the measurement of pollen activity, the power (measured value to pollen activity under different open states is determined
It is bigger, indicate that vigor is stronger；Conversely, weaker.General 80% with worthwhile energetic；50% or less illustrates that pollen activity is weaker).
Measurement result
Pistil recipient phase power is reacted according to benzidine-hydroperoxidation liquid method measurement result in reaction solution
The column cap of 5min, generation bubble is more, and color becomes blue, illustrates that Enumerable infinite set is strong.Pollen activity is stronger in 80% or more, i.e. vigor.
According to the measurement result of Pistil recipient phase and pollen activity, best pollination period is determined.The thickness shell kind Dura's is female
The Enumerable infinite set period of flower style is preferably the turnup phase, and the time is 16 ︰ 00；The Enumerable infinite set male flower pollen of the thickness shell kind Dura is preferred
The pollen acquired for 3d after male flower loose powder.
Embodiment 2
1. sampling object: the oil palm tree in florescence
2. test site: four groups of oil palm bases of Hainan Province Wenchang City Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science.
3. test period: on July 24, -2017 years on the 9th July in 2017.
A kind of determination method of oil palm suitable harvest stage is as follows:
1) without shell kind Pisifera oil palm as object, the determination and division at female inflorescence florescence start flowering with female inflorescence
To wilting, samples, generally need 5-7 days daily.By the inflorescence of different development stage, according to the hair of the variation of mode of appearance and inflorescence
Course is educated, the different florescences is divided into.
Florescence divides according to the package situation of the carpel of female flower inflorescence and perianth, opening degree of sliver etc., specific to divide
For 5 periods, i.e. I phase (flowering phase, Hua Qian 1~2 day): carpel is all perianth and is wrapped up；(flowering stage blooms the 1st to second stage
It): carpel grows from perianth, and trilobe parts a little open；Third stage (the Y word phase blooms the 2nd~3 day): trilobe spreading angle
Increase；Fourth stage (the turnup phase blooms the 4th~5 day): sliver angle is bigger, and top turnup；The V phase (wilts the phase, blooms the 6th
It and after): carpel color browning starts to wilt.Specifically characteristic morphology is shown in Fig. 2 by stages.
2) the female chapiter of different development stage is cut in 10:00, is immersed and is contained one hydroperoxidation liquid of benzidine
(1% benzidine: 3% hydrogen peroxide: deionized water volume ratio is prepared for 4:11:22) is observed around column cap after 5min
Bubble generates and color change situation, is quantified the power that Pistil recipient phase is determined (see Fig. 1 and table 1) to observation result.
1 female flower Pistil recipient phase testing result of table
| Pistil recipient phase | Numerical value | Color change situation | Bubble production |
| Nothing | 0 | Nothing | Nothing is few |
| It is extremely weak | 1 | Nothing | On a small quantity |
| It is weaker | 2 | Nothing | It is more |
| By force | 3 | Nothing | Largely |
| It is relatively strong | 4 | Become blue | It is more |
| It is extremely strong | 5 | Become blue (speed for becoming blue is fast) | Largely |
Note: " the 3 clover material pollen activities and Pistil recipient phase compare " document reported referring to Han Yuna.
3) pollen for taking different number of days after loose powder, takes sucrose 10g, boric acid 0.015g, agar 1g to be dissolved in 100mL distilled water
It is configured to culture medium, and is dripped on the glass slide got ready.The pollen shaken off is evenly coated in and has dripped the load glass for having culture medium
On piece, and glass slide is put into the culture dish for being covered with wet filter paper, it takes out after cultivating 2h under room temperature, is seen under microscope
Examine the germination of pollen tube situation in central 3 visuals field of glass slide.Each processing is repeated 3 times, and is asked every time repeatedly flat with each processing
Mean value, and correlated results is represented with average value.Calculation formula is as follows: pollen activity=germination of pollen tube quantity (grain)/total flower
Powder number (grain) × 100%.By the measurement of pollen activity, the power (measured value to pollen activity under different open states is determined
It is bigger, indicate that vigor is stronger；Conversely, weaker.General 80% with worthwhile energetic；50% or less illustrates that pollen activity is weaker).
Measurement result
Pistil recipient phase power is reacted according to benzidine-hydroperoxidation liquid method measurement result in reaction solution
The column cap of 5min, generation bubble is more, and color becomes blue, illustrates that Enumerable infinite set is strong.Pollen activity is stronger in 80% or more, i.e. vigor.
According to the measurement result of Pistil recipient phase and pollen activity, best pollination period is determined.The no shell kind Pisifera
Enumerable infinite set period of female flower style be preferably the Y word phase, the time is preferably 10 ︰ 00；The Enumerable infinite set of the no shell kind Pisifera
Male flower pollen is preferably the pollen of 4d acquisition after male flower loose powder.
Embodiment 3
1. sampling object: the oil palm tree in florescence
2. test site: four groups of oil palm bases of Hainan Province Wenchang City Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science.
3. test period: on July 24, -2017 years on the 9th July in 2017.
A kind of determination method of oil palm suitable harvest stage is as follows:
1) shell kind Tenera oil palm starts flowering with female inflorescence and arrives as object, the determination and division at female inflorescence florescence
It wilts, samples, generally need 5-7 days daily.By the inflorescence of different development stage, according to the development of the variation of mode of appearance and inflorescence
Course is divided into the different florescences.
Florescence divides according to the package situation of the carpel of female flower inflorescence and perianth, opening degree of sliver etc., specific to divide
For 5 periods, i.e. I phase (flowering phase, Hua Qian 1~2 day): carpel is all perianth and is wrapped up；(flowering stage blooms the 1st to second stage
It): carpel grows from perianth, and trilobe parts a little open；Third stage (the Y word phase blooms the 2nd~3 day): trilobe spreading angle
Increase；Fourth stage (the turnup phase blooms the 4th~5 day): sliver angle is bigger, and top turnup；The V phase (wilts the phase, blooms the 6th
It and after): carpel color browning starts to wilt.Specifically characteristic morphology is shown in Fig. 2 by stages.
2) the female chapiter of different development stage is cut in morning 10:00, is immersed and is contained one hydroperoxidation of benzidine
Liquid (1% benzidine: 3% hydrogen peroxide: deionized water volume ratio is prepared for 4:11:22) is observed around column cap after 5min
Bubble generate and color change situation, to observation result quantified the power that Pistil recipient phase is determined (see Fig. 1 and table 1).
1 female flower Pistil recipient phase testing result of table
| Pistil recipient phase | Numerical value | Color change situation | Bubble production |
| Nothing | 0 | Nothing | Nothing is few |
| It is extremely weak | 1 | Nothing | On a small quantity |
| It is weaker | 2 | Nothing | It is more |
| By force | 3 | Nothing | Largely |
| It is relatively strong | 4 | Become blue | It is more |
| It is extremely strong | 5 | Become blue (speed for becoming blue is fast) | Largely |
Note: " the 3 clover material pollen activities and Pistil recipient phase compare " document reported referring to Han Yuna.
3) pollen for taking different number of days after loose powder, takes sucrose 10g, boric acid 0.015g, agar 1g to be dissolved in 100mL distilled water
It is configured to culture medium, and is dripped on the glass slide got ready.The pollen shaken off is evenly coated in and has dripped the load glass for having culture medium
On piece, and glass slide is put into the culture dish for being covered with wet filter paper, it takes out after cultivating 2h under room temperature, is seen under microscope
Examine the germination of pollen tube situation in central 3 visuals field of glass slide.Each processing is repeated 3 times, and is asked every time repeatedly flat with each processing
Mean value, and correlated results is represented with average value.Calculation formula is as follows: pollen activity=germination of pollen tube quantity (grain)/total flower
Powder number (grain) × 100%.By the measurement of pollen activity, the power (measured value to pollen activity under different open states is determined
It is bigger, indicate that vigor is stronger；Conversely, weaker.General 80% with worthwhile energetic；50% or less illustrates that pollen activity is weaker).
Measurement result
Pistil recipient phase power is reacted according to benzidine-hydroperoxidation liquid method measurement result in reaction solution
The column cap of 5min, generation bubble is more, and color becomes blue, illustrates that Enumerable infinite set is strong.Pollen activity is stronger in 80% or more, i.e. vigor.
According to the measurement result of Pistil recipient phase and pollen activity, best pollination period is determined.The shell kind Tenera's
The Enumerable infinite set period of female flower style is preferably the Y word phase, and the time is 10 ︰ 00；The Enumerable infinite set male flower pollen of the shell kind Tenera
The pollen acquired for 2d after male flower loose powder.
According to the content in terms of Pistil recipient phase in Examples 1 to 3, by the change of different female bloom dates oil palm female flower Pistil recipient phase
Change trend drafting pattern, as a result as shown in Figure 3.From the figure 3, it may be seen that 3 kinds of shell type Pistil recipient phases exist within the regular hour
It is weaker when the I phase, all reach most strong in the Section III phase, and reach 4.3, then decline, column cap is wilted when V, Enumerable infinite set pole
It is weak；The Pistil recipient phase of thick shell kind is then to reach most strong in the Section IV phase, and numerical value 5, V dies down when the phase.From the figure 3, it may be seen that
In regular hour, 3 kinds of shell type Pistil recipient phases are weaker in the I phase, all reach most strong in the Section III phase, and reach
To 4.3 (performance between 4 and 5 in table above-mentioned in text obtains), then decline, column cap is wilted when V, Enumerable infinite set pole
It is weak；The Pistil recipient phase of thick shell kind is then to reach most strong in the Section IV phase, and numerical value 5, V dies down when the phase.
According to the measurement result of pollen activity in Examples 1 to 3, to the male flowers of different shell type oil palms in different openings
The variation tendency drafting pattern of pollen activity under state, as a result as shown in figure 4, as shown in Figure 4, with the developmental process of male flower,
No shell kind oil palm pollen vigor is gradually increased from 1d, and 4d weakens again later up to most strong, and pollen has dispersed gradually substantially when 6d
It loses vigor.Shell be then it is most strong in 2d, 3d is begun to decline, and pollen remains little when 5~6d, and vigor is very weak.It is thick
Shell is then 1~2d vigor by enhancing, and 3d reaches most strong, later decline rapidly again, almost without vigor when 6d.
As shown in Figure 4, as the developmental process of male flower, no shell kind oil palm pollen vigor are gradually increased from 1d, 4d reaches
It is most strong, weaken again later, pollen has dispersed substantially when 6d gradually loses vigor.Shell kind be then it is most strong in 2d, 3d is
It begins to decline, pollen remains little when 5~6d, and vigor is very weak.Thick shell kind is then 1~2d vigor by enhancing, and 3d reaches
It is most strong, decline rapidly again later, almost without vigor when 6d.
Conclusion
The pollen activity acquired in male inflorescence 2~4d of loose powder is stronger, thus should this period take powder and save or
Directly pollinate.Female inflorescence without shell kind and shell kind Section III phase Enumerable infinite set after opening is most strong, and thick shell kind is put the flowers are in blossom
Section IV phase Enumerable infinite set afterwards is most strong, as best pollination period, and the ability for receiving pollen at this time is most strong.
Embodiment 4
Diurnal variation Dynamic comparison without shell kind, shell kind and thick 3 kinds of shell kind different shell type oil palm pollen activities
Male flower pollen activity on the day of complete loose powder of 3 kinds of shell type of oil palm fibre materials diurnal variation dynamic see Fig. 5 (note:
Different lowercases indicates the significant difference in 0.05 level in figure；Capitalization indicates the difference pole in 0.01 level
Significantly).As seen from Figure 5, the pollen activity variation of shell and the pollen activity of thick shell kind oil palm in 1d is little, and without shell
Afternoon > morning trend is then presented, and 14 ︰ 00 are most strong in the afternoon, reach 83.33%, 10 ︰ of the morning, 00 vigor was most weak, was
52.67%.The pollen activity difference of each period shell and thick shell seed type reaches the pole not level of signifiance, but is obviously stronger than that
Without shell seed type, and difference reaches the level of signifiance.
Embodiment 5
The diurnal variation Dynamic comparison of the oil palm Pistil recipient phase of different shell types
It can be seen that by the variation tendency of the Pistil recipient phase of 3 kinds of shell type of oil palm fibres in Post flowering 2d Pistil recipient phase
It is relatively strong, therefore 2d is selected to do diurnal variation dynamic.The diurnal variation of Pistil recipient phase dynamically reflect out change of the Pistil recipient phase in 1d
Change, can then find out the pollination success rate higher period.It will be appreciated from fig. 6 that the Pistil recipient phase of 3 oil palm fruit shell types
Diurnal variation process has different.Trend in the morning > afternoon is presented in oil palm Pistil recipient phase wherein without shell and shell kind,
And the Enumerable infinite set of 10 ︰ 00 of the morning is most strong, respectively up to 4.5 and 4.4, and the oil palm Pistil recipient phase of thick shell kind be then afternoon > on
At the noon, afternoon, 16 ︰ 00 was most strong, up to 4.6.Pistil recipient phase difference without shell kind and shell kind when 8 ︰ 00 reaches the pole not level of signifiance, nothing
Shell kind and thick shell species diversity reach extremely significant level, and shell kind and thick shell species diversity are significant, but do not reach extremely significant level；10 ︰, 00 nothing
The Pistil recipient phase difference pole of shell kind and shell kind is not significant, but all with thick shell kind have extremely significant difference, 12 ︰ 00 without shell kind with
Shell species diversity pole is not significant, extremely significant with thick shell species diversity, and shell kind and thick shell species diversity pole is not significant, 14 ︰ of ︰ 00 and 18 00
It is extremely significant without shell kind and shell kind and thick shell species diversity, but shell kind and thick shell species diversity pole is not significant, 3 types when 16 ︰ 00
The oil palm Pistil recipient phase difference of type reaches extremely significant level.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the determination method of oil palm suitable harvest stage provided by the invention, easy to operate, weight
Renaturation is good, provides reliable foundation to the pollination of different shell type oil palms, can greatly improve pollination success rate, for production
In determining for best pollination period reliable, the foundation and method of strong operability are provided.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that the best pollinated stage of oil palm determines, which is characterized in that the Enumerable infinite set measurement including the female chapiter of oil palm
Method and oil palm male flower pollen activity method for measuring；
The Enumerable infinite set method for measuring of the female chapiter of oil palm, comprising the following steps:
1) flowering will be started to the female flower inflorescence wilted according to mode of appearance variation and inflorescence development course, be in turn divided into flowering
Phase, flowering stage, Y word phase, turnup phase and wilting 5 periods of phase；
2) column cap of the female flower inflorescence in 5 periods in step 1) is cut, immerses in benzidine-hydroperoxidation liquid react respectively
4~6min, generates according to the bubble around column cap and color change judges female flower Pistil recipient phase, and selection can be awarded in female chapiter
Period corresponding to the strongest female chapiter of property pollinates；
The oil palm male flower pollen activity method for measuring, comprising the following steps:
A. after loose powder, pollen is collected daily, obtains 5~7 days pollen since the male flower；
B. the pollen for the different time collected in step A is measured into pollen activity respectively, pollen activity is selected to be greater than 80% flower
Powder is for pollinating.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition of the female flower inflorescence in 5 periods described in step 1)
The characteristics of time and mode of appearance and inflorescence development, is as follows:
The I phase is the flowering phase, and from spending first 1~2 day, carpel is all perianth and is wrapped up for acquisition；
Second stage is flowering stage, and acquisition is from blooming the 1st day, and carpel grows from perianth, and trilobe parts a little open；
Third stage is the Y word phase, and from blooming the 2nd~3 day, trilobe spreading angle increases for acquisition；
Fourth stage is the turnup phase, and acquisition is from blooming the 4th~5 day, and sliver angle is bigger, and top turnup；
The V phase be the wilting phase, acquisition from bloom the 6th day and after, carpel color browning starts to wilt.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein benzidine described in step 2)-hydroperoxidation liquid is
1% biphenyl amine aqueous solution of mass concentration, 3% hydrogen peroxide of volumetric concentration and water are mixed with according to volume ratio 4:11:22
It arrives.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the bubble around the column cap generates and color change judgement
Standard it is as follows:
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step A pollen activity measuring method, including following step
It is rapid:
Drop is cultivated on glass slide after pollen is diluted with culture medium, microscopically observation and the quantity for calculating germination of pollen tube,
Pollen activity is calculated according to formula I；
Pollen activity (%)=germination of pollen tube quantity (grain)/total pollen number (grain) × 100% formula I.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the culture medium is to add sucrose in every 100mL distilled water
10g, boric acid 0.015g and agar 1g.
7. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the environment of the culture is that will drip the load for having pollen dilution
Slide is put into the culture dish for being covered with wet filter paper and cultivates；The time of the culture is 2h.
8. method described in any one according to claim 1~7, which is characterized in that the oil palm includes thick shell kind Dura；Institute
The Enumerable infinite set period for stating the female flower style of thick shell kind Dura is the turnup phase, and cutting the time is 16 ︰ 00；The thickness shell kind Dura's can
Awarding property male flower pollen is the pollen of 3d acquisition after male flower loose powder.
9. method described in any one according to claim 1~7, which is characterized in that the oil palm includes no shell kind
Pisifera；The Enumerable infinite set period of the female flower style of the no shell kind Pisifera is the Y word phase, and cutting the time is 10 ︰ 00；It is described
The Enumerable infinite set male flower pollen of no shell kind Pisifera is the pollen of 4d acquisition after male flower loose powder.
10. method described in any one according to claim 1~7, which is characterized in that the oil palm includes shell kind
Tenera；The Enumerable infinite set period of the female flower style of the shell kind Tenera is the Y word phase, and cutting the time is 10 ︰ 00；The shell
The Enumerable infinite set male flower pollen of kind Tenera is the pollen of 2d acquisition after male flower loose powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910289270.1A CN109863994A (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | A kind of method that the best pollinated stage of oil palm determines |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910289270.1A CN109863994A (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | A kind of method that the best pollinated stage of oil palm determines |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109863994A true CN109863994A (en) | 2019-06-11 |
Family
ID=66922445
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910289270.1A Pending CN109863994A (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | A kind of method that the best pollinated stage of oil palm determines |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109863994A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113484319A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-08 | 浙江大学 | Method for rapidly determining activity of rice stigma |
-
2019
- 2019-04-11 CN CN201910289270.1A patent/CN109863994A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113484319A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-08 | 浙江大学 | Method for rapidly determining activity of rice stigma |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Fukuda et al. | Selected morphological and agronomic descriptors for the characterization of cassava | |
| CN100584938C (en) | Plants endogenetic fungus and application thereof | |
| CN102007923A (en) | Laxogenin and derivative thereof-containing plant growth regulator and application thereof | |
| Kiran et al. | Variation in leaf photosynthetic characteristics in wild rice species | |
| Tang et al. | A potential bioenergy tree: Pistacia chinensis Bunge | |
| CN102613072B (en) | Method for breeding high-quality new strain of oil-tea camellia | |
| Fengqin et al. | Studies on germplasm resources of wild grape species (Vitis spp.) in China | |
| CN102972296B (en) | Acacia rachii pollen in-vitro culture activity detection technology | |
| CN109863994A (en) | A kind of method that the best pollinated stage of oil palm determines | |
| CN107155665A (en) | A kind of method for strategy of being poured water based on leaf area model of growth formulation crop | |
| CN101381256A (en) | Anthurium andreanum nutrient fluid | |
| Kleczewski et al. | A diagnostic guide for red crown rot of soybean | |
| CN110476744A (en) | Floral leaf character is increasing the application on rape group child's hair twisted in a knot-childhood pericarp area | |
| CN103053413A (en) | Chemical corn double haploid young embryo processing method | |
| Solomonova et al. | Food potential of alternative pome fruit trees cultivated in Moscow region | |
| CN109041875A (en) | The yield of rape based on economical character and the prediction technique of lodging resistance | |
| Gabiana | Response of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) to irrigation, nitrogen and plant population | |
| CN109845638A (en) | A kind of storage tolerance tomato selection | |
| CN105613259B (en) | A kind of selection of anti-potato seasonal febrile diseases sweet potato variety | |
| CN114766353A (en) | Rapid screening method and application of male pollination plants in actinidia arguta orchard | |
| Ezeibekwe et al. | An Investigation into the potentials of Dactyladenia bacteri; Dialum guineense; and Anthonotama crophylia for Paper Pulp Production | |
| Ferrara et al. | Evaluation of the olive germplasm in the Apulia region: Biological and technological characteristics | |
| CN102768131B (en) | Annual slide preparation method of plum blossom chromosome | |
| FADHILLA et al. | The diversity of utilizations, tapping flow discharge, and conservation of sugar palm (Arenga longipes Mogea) cultivated in Langkat, North Sumatra, Indonesia | |
| CN105940812B (en) | Pentyl xanthate impregnates the ploidy method of mutagenesis of Vitis davidii Foex seed |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190611 |