CN109860656A - A kind of fuel is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell and its working method - Google Patents
A kind of fuel is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell and its working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109860656A CN109860656A CN201910053669.XA CN201910053669A CN109860656A CN 109860656 A CN109860656 A CN 109860656A CN 201910053669 A CN201910053669 A CN 201910053669A CN 109860656 A CN109860656 A CN 109860656A
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- methanol
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
A kind of fuel is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell and its working method, including methanol fuel cell ontology and methanol buffer area, porous plate, the methanol evaporating area of methanol fuel cell ontology anode-side are set, and conveying Liquid Phase Methanol is stablized to methanol evaporating area by methanol storage drum and methanol supply pump.Tapered divergent structure is applied to methanol evaporating area by the present invention, is that methanol evaporation process is more energy-efficient；The quantum of output of methanol vapor is accurately and efficiently controlled by controlling external heater circuit and methanol supply pump, and then makes methanol fuel cell accurately and stably output power.The present invention is using methanol vapor as fuel, methanol crossover can significantly be reduced and improve fuel energy density and further increase battery efficiency, accurately output methanol vapor fuel cell output burning voltage accurately can be controlled in turn, energy consumption can be greatly reduced in methanol evaporation process, battery integrally has the characteristics that accurate, stable, efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell fields, and in particular to a kind of fuel is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell and its work
Make method.
Background technique
Direct methanol fuel cell (direct mathanol fuel cell, DMFC) simple, room temperature work by its structure
Work, system bulk specific energy are high, fuel facilitates the advantages such as storage and transportation, are considered most being hopeful the mobile power source applied to electronic product
One of, it has a wide range of applications in fields such as communication, traffic and national defence, therefore become the heat of lot of domestic and foreign scholar research
Point.
The electrode and cell reaction of direct methanol fuel cell are as follows:
Anode reaction is CH3OH+H20→6H++6e-+CO2
Cathode reaction is 3/2O2+6H++6e-→3H2O
Battery overall reaction is CH3OH+3/2O2→2H2O+CO2
The research of direct methanol fuel cell has focused largely on the field using liquid methanol as fuel at present, but due to first
The supply of alcohol fuel battery fuel needs mostly and water mixing, this reduces the energy density of its fuel, while in operational process
In there is serious methanol crossover, while causing a large amount of wastage of material, reduce capacity usage ratio, it is serious to weaken
The performance of battery, this brings very big difficulty for the promotion of methanol fuel cell performance.
It can be good at reducing methanol crossover and go forward side by side one studies have shown that methanol by vaporous form participates in fuel cell reaction
Step promotes the utilization efficiency of methanol, but its fuel supply mode is mostly evaporating film evaporation using methanol vapor as the battery of fuel
Form, this makes in use, and methanol flow can not be precisely controlled, further affects the steady of fuel cell
Fixed operation.Therefore, the problems such as distribution inefficient for above-mentioned methanol fuel cell, difficult, easy to leak, a kind of work efficiency is high, control
The strong methanol fuel cell of precision processed urgently occurs.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of accurate efficient, stable operation, persistently the fuel exported is evenly supplied directly
Methanol fuel cell and its working method.
In order to achieve the above objectives, it includes methanol fuel cell sheet that fuel of the invention, which is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell,
Body and setting are in the intrinsic cathode flow field of methanol fuel cell, cathode diffusion layer, cathode catalysis layer, diaphragm, anode-catalyzed
Layer, anode diffusion layer and anode flow field；Its septation is connected with cathode catalysis layer, anode catalyst layer, cathode diffusion layer and cathode
Flow field, cathode catalysis layer are connected, and anode diffusion layer is connected with anode catalyst layer, anode flow field；
The methanol evaporating area of external circuits, the methanol evaporating area are had in the anode-side installation of methanol fuel cell ontology
Inner outlet side is equipped with electric hot plate made of the thermo electric material with several tapered divergent structure methanol runners, in methanol evaporating area
Outlet side is provided with porous plate, and the porous plate other side is connected with methanol buffer area, the other side of methanol buffer area and anode flow field
It is connected；The import of methanol evaporating area is connected by methanol supply pump with methanol storage drum.
The cathode flow field is conductive metal material or carbon material, is wherein machined with runner on the inside of cathode flow field, wherein
Runner is serpentine flow path, parallel fluid channels, discrete runner or interdigitated runner in active methanol fuel cell, passive
It is dotted runner, serpentine flow path, parallel fluid channels, discrete runner or interdigitated runner when formula methanol fuel cell.
The cathode diffusion layer is conductive metallic material or carbon material with porous structure；The cathode catalysis layer is tool
There is the catalyst of catalytic reduction performance.
The diaphragm is the proton exchange membrane with proton conductive ability.
The anode catalyst layer is the catalyst with catalytic oxidation performance.
The anode diffusion layer is metal material or carbon material with porous structure.
The anode flow field is metal material or carbon material, process on the inside of anode flow field promising serpentine flow path, parallel fluid channels,
Discrete runner or interdigitated runner.
The porous plate is the porous structure plate of metal material, carbon material or organic material.
The methanol supply pump uses positive displacement pump, impeller pump or jet pump；Methanol storage drum uses methanol tolerant material
The polyethylene or polyformaldehyde of material are made.
Fuel is evenly supplied the working method of direct methanol fuel cell, comprising the following steps:
Step S100: the preparation and supply of methanol vapor: methanol evaporating area, which powers on, is made its inside thermo electric material
Electric hot plate heated, by control size of current further control methanol evaporating area internal structure wall surface temperature；Methanol supplies
So that methanol is flowed into methanol evaporating area to pump, methanol flow is controlled by methanol supply pump；Methanol passes through after flowing into methanol evaporating area
The tapered configuration of tapered divergent structure methanol runner and methanol evaporating area electric hot plate methanol runner inner wall face carry out compression heat exchange and steam
Hair is methanol vapor, is uniformly mixed methanol vapor by divergent structure；Further, methanol vapor is passed through more by methanol evaporating area
Orifice plate flows into methanol buffer area, makes to mix more uniform；
Step S200: the reaction and electric discharge of methanol vapor: methanol vapor by anode flow field it is evenly distributed, further via
Anode diffusion layer flows into anode catalyst layer and oxidation reaction occurs with the water from cathode side, generates carbon dioxide, electronics and proton,
Carbon dioxide passes through anode catalyst layer, anode diffusion layer, anode flow field and methanol buffer area respectively and is emitted into atmosphere, electronics difference
By anode catalyst layer, anode diffusion layer and anode flow field import external circuit, proton under electric field action pass through diaphragm migrate to
Cathode catalysis layer；Meanwhile electronics enters cathode catalysis layer, oxygen via cathode flow field, cathode diffusion layer respectively via external circuit
It is pumped by air pump or oxygen cylinder and is passed through cathode flow field, cathode diffusion layer enters cathode catalysis layer, the proton from anode-side
Reduction reaction occurs in cathode catalysis layer and oxygen and proton and generates water；The above process completes methanol fuel cell electric discharge.
The methanol runner of tapered divergent structure is applied to methanol evaporating area by the present invention, can greatly promote methanol
Gasification efficiency and mixability are further obtained by the accurate control to methanol evaporating area power supply volume and methanol supply pump opening
The methanol vapor for obtaining constant flow rate participates in cell reaction, and then promotes the working efficiency and stability of methanol fuel cell.
The present invention compared with the existing technology, has the following advantages that and effect:
(1) present invention uses self-heating self-loopa method to provide gas phase fuel for battery, and methanol crossover is effectively reduced, and improves
The output performance of battery, and then improve the fuel availability of battery；
(2) methanol vapor is provided for battery relative to traditional seepage slope technology, methanol can be led to by thermal evaporation technique
It crosses and the control of methanol supply pump and external power supply is achieved the effect that accurately to control methanol vapor flow, guarantee methanol fuel cell
Stablize output；
(3) methanol evaporating area uses tapered divergent structure in the present invention, can greatly reduce the function of heating process
It consumes and is sufficiently mixed methanol vapor, be that battery provides methanol vapor so as to stable and uniform, realize space, temporal
Accurately, Homogeneous charge.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention.
In figure, 1- cathode flow field, 2- cathode diffusion layer, 3- cathode catalysis layer, 4- diaphragm, 5- anode catalyst layer, 6- anode
Diffusion layer, 7- anode flow field, 8- methanol buffer area, 9- porous plate, 10- methanol evaporating area, 11- methanol supply pump, the storage of 12- methanol
Deposit tank, 13 electric hot plates.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention includes the cathode flow field 1 being arranged on methanol fuel cell ontology, cathode diffusion layer 2, yin
Pole Catalytic Layer 3, diaphragm 4, anode catalyst layer 5, anode diffusion layer 6 and anode flow field 7；Its septation 4 and cathode catalysis layer 3, sun
Pole Catalytic Layer 5 is connected, and cathode diffusion layer 2 is connected with cathode flow field 1, cathode catalysis layer 3, anode diffusion layer 6 and anode catalyst layer
5, anode flow field 7 is connected；
Wherein cathode flow field 1 should be the conductive materials such as metal material, carbon material, be machined with runner on the inside of cathode flow field 1,
Middle runner includes serpentine flow path, parallel fluid channels, discrete runner, interdigitated runner etc. in active methanol fuel cell,
It include dotted runner serpentine flow path, parallel fluid channels, discrete runner, interdigitated runner in passive type methanol fuel cell
Deng；Cathode diffusion layer 2 should have the conductive materials such as metal material or the carbon material of porous structure；Cathode catalysis layer 3 includes tool
There is the catalyst of catalytic reduction performance；Diaphragm 4 should be the proton exchange membrane with proton conductive ability；Anode catalyst layer 5 includes
Catalyst with catalytic oxidation performance；Anode diffusion layer 6 should have the conductions such as metal material or the carbon material of porous structure
Material；Anode flow field 7 should be the conductive materials such as metal material, carbon material, runner is machined on the inside of anode flow field 7, wherein runner
Including serpentine flow path, parallel fluid channels, discrete runner, interdigitated runner etc..
The methanol evaporating area 10 with external circuits is also installed in the anode-side of methanol fuel cell ontology, wherein in first
10 inner outlet side of alcohol evaporating area is equipped with electric hot plate 13 made of several thermo electric materials with tapered divergent structure methanol runner,
In methanol evaporating area, 10 outlet side is provided with porous plate 9 made of metal material, carbon material or organic material, and porous plate 9 is another
Side is connected with methanol buffer area 8, and 8 other side of methanol buffer area is connected with anode flow field 7；Methanol evaporating area 10 inlet side also
It is provided with methanol supply pump 11,11 import of methanol supply pump is connected with methanol storage drum 12.
Wherein methanol buffer area 8 offers carbon dioxide tap；Methanol supply pump 11 be positive displacement pump, impeller pump or
Jet pump；Methanol storage drum 12 uses methanol tolerant material, wherein the methanol tolerant material includes polyethylene or polyformaldehyde etc..
Direct methanol fuel cell working method of the invention the following steps are included:
Step S100: the preparation and supply of methanol vapor: methanol evaporating area 10 powers on to its inside thermo electric material system
At electric hot plate 13 heated, by control size of current further control 10 internal structure wall surface temperature of methanol evaporating area；
Methanol supply pump 11 makes methanol flow into methanol evaporating area 10, controls methanol flow by air methanol supply pump 11；Methanol flows into
Pass through the tapered configuration of tapered divergent structure methanol runner and 10 electric hot plate methanol runner of methanol evaporating area behind methanol evaporating area 10
Inner wall carries out compression heat exchange and is evaporated to methanol vapor, is further uniformly mixed methanol vapor by divergent structure；Further,
Methanol vapor flows into methanol buffer area 8 by porous plate 9 by methanol evaporating area 10, makes to mix more uniform；
Step S200: the reaction and electric discharge of methanol vapor: methanol vapor is evenly distributed by anode flow field 7, further passes through
By anode diffusion layer 6 flow into anode catalyst layer 5 with from cathode side water occur oxidation reaction, generate carbon dioxide, electronics and
Proton, carbon dioxide pass through anode catalyst layer 5, anode diffusion layer 6, anode flow field 7 and methanol buffer area 8 respectively and are emitted into greatly
Gas, electronics pass through anode catalyst layer 5, anode diffusion layer 6 and anode flow field 7 respectively and import external circuit, and proton is under electric field action
It migrates across diaphragm 4 to cathode catalysis layer 3；Meanwhile electronics via external circuit respectively via cathode flow field 1, cathode diffusion layer 2 into
Enter cathode catalysis layer 3, oxygen is pumped by air pump or oxygen cylinder and is passed through cathode flow field 1, cathode diffusion layer 2 enters cathode catalysis
Layer 3, the proton from anode-side occur reduction reaction in cathode catalysis layer 3 and oxygen and proton and generate water；The above process is completed
Methanol fuel cell electric discharge.
The present invention uses methanol to be provided gas phase fuel by thermal evaporation technique (methanol evaporating area) for battery, and methanol is effectively reduced
It penetrates, improves the output performance of battery, and then improve the fuel availability of battery；Relative to traditional seepage slope technology
Methanol vapor is provided for battery, methanol can be reached essence by thermal evaporation technique by the control to methanol supply pump and external power supply
The really effect of control methanol vapor flow guarantees the output of stablizing of methanol fuel cell, meanwhile, tapered divergent structure methanol runner
The power consumption of heating process can greatly be reduced and be sufficiently mixed methanol vapor, be battery so as to stable and uniform
Methanol vapor is provided, realizes space, temporal accurate, Homogeneous charge.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fuel is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell, it is characterised in that: including methanol fuel cell ontology and set
It sets in the intrinsic cathode flow field of methanol fuel cell (1), cathode diffusion layer (2), cathode catalysis layer (3), diaphragm (4), anode
Catalytic Layer (5), anode diffusion layer (6) and anode flow field (7)；Its septation (4) and cathode catalysis layer (3), anode catalyst layer (5)
It is connected, cathode diffusion layer (2) is connected with cathode flow field (1), cathode catalysis layer (3), anode diffusion layer (6) and anode catalyst layer
(5), anode flow field (7) is connected；
The methanol evaporating area (10) of external circuits, the methanol evaporating area are had in the anode-side installation of methanol fuel cell ontology
(10) inner outlet side is equipped with electric hot plate 13 made of the thermo electric material with several tapered divergent structure methanol runners, in methanol
Evaporating area (10) outlet side is provided with porous plate (9), and porous plate (9) other side is connected with methanol buffer area (8), methanol buffer area
(8) the other side is connected with anode flow field (7)；The import of methanol evaporating area (10) is stored by methanol supply pump (11) and methanol
Tank (12) is connected.
2. fuel according to claim 1 is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell, which is characterized in that the cathode flow field
(1) it is conductive metal material or carbon material, is wherein machined with runner on the inside of cathode flow field (1), wherein runner is in active first
It is serpentine flow path, parallel fluid channels, discrete runner or interdigitated runner when alcohol fuel battery, in passive type methanol fuel cell
When be dotted runner, serpentine flow path, parallel fluid channels, discrete runner or interdigitated runner.
3. fuel according to claim 1 is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell, which is characterized in that the cathode diffusion
Layer (2) is conductive metallic material or carbon material with porous structure；The cathode catalysis layer (3) is with catalytic reduction performance
Catalyst.
4. fuel according to claim 1 is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell, which is characterized in that the diaphragm (4)
For the proton exchange membrane with proton conductive ability.
5. fuel according to claim 1 is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell, which is characterized in that described anode-catalyzed
Layer (5) is the catalyst with catalytic oxidation performance.
6. fuel according to claim 1 is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell, which is characterized in that the anode diffusion
Layer (6) is metal material or carbon material with porous structure.
7. fuel according to claim 1 is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell, which is characterized in that the anode flow field
(7) be metal material or carbon material, process on the inside of anode flow field (7) promising serpentine flow path, parallel fluid channels, discrete runner or
Interdigitated runner.
8. fuel according to claim 1 is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell, which is characterized in that the porous plate
It (9) is the porous structure plate of metal material, carbon material or organic material.
9. fuel according to claim 1 is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell, which is characterized in that the methanol supply
It pumps (11) and uses positive displacement pump, impeller pump or jet pump；Methanol storage drum (12) using methanol tolerant material polyethylene or
Polyformaldehyde is made.
10. the working method that a kind of fuel as described in claim 1 is evenly supplied direct methanol fuel cell, which is characterized in that
The following steps are included:
Step S100: the preparation and supply of methanol vapor: methanol evaporating area powers on to electricity made of its inside thermo electric material
Hot plate is heated, and further controls methanol evaporating area internal structure wall surface temperature by controlling size of current；Methanol supply pump
So that methanol is flowed into methanol evaporating area, methanol flow is controlled by methanol supply pump；Methanol flows into behind methanol evaporating area by tapered
The tapered configuration of divergent structure methanol runner carries out compression heat exchange with methanol evaporating area electric hot plate methanol runner inner wall face and is evaporated to
Methanol vapor is uniformly mixed methanol vapor by divergent structure；Further, methanol vapor passes through porous plate by methanol evaporating area
Methanol buffer area is flowed into, makes to mix more uniform；
Step S200: the reaction and electric discharge of methanol vapor: methanol vapor is evenly distributed by anode flow field, further via anode
Diffusion layer flows into anode catalyst layer and oxidation reaction occurs with the water from cathode side, generates carbon dioxide, electronics and proton, dioxy
Change carbon passes through anode catalyst layer, anode diffusion layer, anode flow field and methanol buffer area respectively and is emitted into atmosphere, and electronics passes through respectively
Anode catalyst layer, anode diffusion layer and anode flow field import external circuit, and proton passes through diaphragm under electric field action and migrates to cathode
Catalytic Layer；Meanwhile electronics enters cathode catalysis layer via cathode flow field, cathode diffusion layer respectively via external circuit, oxygen is by sky
Air pump or oxygen cylinder are pumped into and pass through cathode flow field, cathode diffusion layer enters cathode catalysis layer, and the proton from anode-side is in yin
Pole Catalytic Layer and oxygen and proton occur reduction reaction and generate water；The above process completes methanol fuel cell electric discharge.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910053669.XA CN109860656B (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2019-01-21 | Direct methanol fuel cell with uniform fuel supply and working method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910053669.XA CN109860656B (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2019-01-21 | Direct methanol fuel cell with uniform fuel supply and working method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109860656A true CN109860656A (en) | 2019-06-07 |
| CN109860656B CN109860656B (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110190309A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-08-30 | 重庆大学 | It is the modular self-breathing direct methanol of fuel without membrane cell using methanol steam |
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| CN101147292A (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2008-03-19 | 株式会社东芝 | Fuel cell |
| US7625649B1 (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2009-12-01 | University Of Connecticut | Vapor feed fuel cells with a passive thermal-fluids management system |
| JP2010170938A (en) * | 2009-01-26 | 2010-08-05 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel cell |
| CN103066310A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 华南理工大学 | Heat or flow management system used for passive type direct methanol fuel cell |
| CN105140546A (en) * | 2015-09-20 | 2015-12-09 | 华南理工大学 | Direct methanol fuel cell capable of realizing pure methanol supply |
| CN108539227A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-14 | 东北大学 | A kind of direct methanol fuel cell of gas liquid two purpose formula |
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2019
- 2019-01-21 CN CN201910053669.XA patent/CN109860656B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101147292A (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2008-03-19 | 株式会社东芝 | Fuel cell |
| US7625649B1 (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2009-12-01 | University Of Connecticut | Vapor feed fuel cells with a passive thermal-fluids management system |
| JP2010170938A (en) * | 2009-01-26 | 2010-08-05 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel cell |
| CN103066310A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 华南理工大学 | Heat or flow management system used for passive type direct methanol fuel cell |
| CN105140546A (en) * | 2015-09-20 | 2015-12-09 | 华南理工大学 | Direct methanol fuel cell capable of realizing pure methanol supply |
| CN108539227A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-14 | 东北大学 | A kind of direct methanol fuel cell of gas liquid two purpose formula |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110190309A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-08-30 | 重庆大学 | It is the modular self-breathing direct methanol of fuel without membrane cell using methanol steam |
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