CN109858096A - Modeling method for optimized layout of single lightning rod system and terminal equipment - Google Patents
Modeling method for optimized layout of single lightning rod system and terminal equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明适用于建筑物和户外设施防雷设计技术领域，提供了一种单避雷针系统优化布局的建模方法及终端设备，该方法包括：建立三维空间坐标系，设置防护对象上所有点均处于避雷针的保护范围内，确定防护对象上所有点的集合为第一集合；根据建模原则，确定目标函数，建模原则为在所述第一集合中的不同子集下，避雷针的高度最大值为所述避雷针的架设位置对所述第一集合内的所有点都防护所需的最低高度；根据所述目标函数以及优化建模原则，确定优化模型，所述优化建模原则为使所述避雷针的高度最低的原则，采用该方法建立的模型得到的避雷针的架设位置及高度可以完全满足防护要求，并且在实际工程运用过程中操作过程简单、工作量小、效率高。
The invention is applicable to the technical field of lightning protection design of buildings and outdoor facilities, and provides a modeling method and terminal equipment for the optimal layout of a single lightning rod system. The method includes: establishing a three-dimensional space coordinate system, setting all points on the protection object to be in Within the protection range of the lightning rod, the set of all points on the protection object is determined as the first set; according to the modeling principle, the objective function is determined, and the modeling principle is the maximum height of the lightning rod under different subsets in the first set The minimum height required to protect all points in the first set for the erection position of the lightning rod; according to the objective function and the optimization modeling principle, determine the optimization model, and the optimization modeling principle is to make the According to the principle of the lowest height of the lightning rod, the erection position and height of the lightning rod obtained by the model established by this method can fully meet the protection requirements, and the operation process is simple, the workload is small, and the efficiency is high in the actual engineering application process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building and outdoor facilities lightning Protection Design technical field more particularly to a kind of lightning-arrest needle system of list are excellent
Change the modeling method and terminal device of layout.
Background technique
Lightning protection, refer to finally released into the integral system mode on ground to prevent by direct lightning strike by forming, dredge or
Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse is to building itself or the hurtful guard technology of its internal unit.It is lightning protected, be just to provide and
Bringing up a kind of means makes lightning discharge can enter or leave the earth, and will not destroy protected property, lightning conductor system
It can play the role of two, first is that lightning discharge is stopped when it not yet concentrates protected object；Second is that lightning electric current is harmless
Ground is discharged to greatly, and this requires building zinc oxide surge arresters, and electric current is led to the earth.
About the layout optimization design problem of lightning rod, core is the height and installation site of determining lightning rod, existing skill
Mainly rule of thumb method or the method for the drawing that makes repeated attempts determine the height and installation site of lightning rod in art, cause in reality
The problems such as there are operating process in the engineering application of border cumbersome, heavy workload, low efficiency.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of modeling methods of single lightning rod system optimization layout and terminal to set
Standby, the decorating position and height of the lightning rod obtained using the model that this method is established can fully meet requirement of shelter, and
Operating process is simple, workload is small, high-efficient during Practical Project uses.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of modeling method of single lightning rod system optimization layout, comprising:
Three-dimensional coordinate system is established, all the points in protection object are set and are in the protection scope of lightning rod, are determined
The collection of all the points is combined into first set in the protection object；
According to modeling principle, determine objective function, the modeling principle be under the different subsets in the first set,
The height maxima of the lightning rod all protects institute to all the points in the first set for the decorating position of the lightning rod
The minimum altitude needed；
According to the objective function and Optimization Modeling principle, Optimized model is determined, the Optimization Modeling principle is makes
State the minimum principle of the height of lightning rod.
In one embodiment, described according to modeling principle, determine objective function, comprising:
According toIt determines
Objective function；Wherein, the described (xr,yr) indicate the decorating position of the lightning rod, the hrIndicate the height of the lightning rod,
(the xpi,ypi,zpi) indicate that any point in the protection object, the Ω indicate the first set.
In one embodiment, described according to the objective function and Optimization Modeling principle, determine Optimized model, comprising:
According toDetermine Optimized model；Wherein, [X1,X2]TFor the decision variable of model,
Respectively indicate the x of the decorating position of the lightning rodrAnd yrCoordinate value；The aiIndicate variable XiSolution space upper dividing value,
The biIndicate variable XiSolution space floor value.
In one embodiment, described according to modeling principle, determine objective function, further includes:
According toDetermine objective function.
In one embodiment, described according to the objective function and Optimization Modeling principle, determine Optimized model, comprising:
According toDetermine Optimized model；Its
In, [Y1,Y2,Y3]TFor the decision variable of model, the x of the first set is respectively indicatedpi、ypi、zpiCoordinate value；The ciTable
The amount of showing YiThe upper dividing value of solution space, the diExpression amount YiThe floor value of solution space.
In one embodiment, described according to the objective function and Optimization Modeling principle, after determining Optimized model,
Further include:
The initial decorating position coordinate of initialization model parameter and the lightning rod is inputted into the Optimized model, exports mesh
Offer of tender numerical value, the target function value are the height of the lightning rod；
Judge whether the target function value meets preset condition, it is defeated when the target function value meets preset condition
The decorating position coordinate optimal solution of the lightning rod out；
When the target function value is unsatisfactory for preset condition, the initial decorating position coordinate of the lightning rod is updated, with
Again output objective function value.
In one embodiment, the modeling method of single lightning rod system optimization layout, further includes:
Using rolling ball method to the single lightning rod system optimization layout limited according to the claims 1 to claim 5
The model of modeling method building is verified, comprising:
Using
Really
Set the goal function；
According to
, determine Optimized model；Wherein, the rcFor ball radius.
In one embodiment, the modeling method of single lightning rod system optimization layout, further includes:
Using polygometry to the single lightning rod system optimization layout limited according to the claims 1 to claim 6
The model of modeling method building is verified, comprising:
UsingDetermine target letter
Number；
According to
Determine Optimized model, wherein describedIndicate the height of the lightning rod.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of model building device of single lightning rod system optimization layout, comprising:
Module is established, for establishing three-dimensional coordinate system, the guarantor that all the points in protection object are in lightning rod is set
It protects in range, determines that the collection of all the points in the protection object is combined into first set；
First determining module, for determining that objective function, the modeling principle are in first collection according to modeling principle
Under different subsets in conjunction, the height maxima of the lightning rod is the decorating position of the lightning rod in the first set
All the points all protect required minimum altitude；
Second determining module, it is described excellent for determining Optimized model according to the objective function and Optimization Modeling principle
Changing modeling principle is the principle for keeping the height of the lightning rod minimum.
The third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of terminal device, comprising: memory, processor and is stored in
In the memory and the computer program that can run on the processor, when the processor executes the computer program
Realize the step as described in the modeling method being laid out such as above-mentioned single lightning rod system optimization.
Existing beneficial effect is the embodiment of the present invention compared with prior art: the embodiment of the present invention is by establishing three-dimensional space
Between coordinate system, be arranged protection object on all the points be in the protection scope of lightning rod, determine in the protection object own
The collection of point is combined into first set, and according under the different subsets in the first set, the height maxima of the lightning rod is
The decorating position of the lightning rod all protects all the points in the first set principle of required minimum altitude, determines mesh
Scalar functions determine Optimized model, the Optimization Modeling principle is makes further according to the objective function and Optimization Modeling principle
The minimum principle of the height of lightning rod is stated, the decorating position of lightning rod and height that the model for using this method to establish obtains can be with
Requirement of shelter is fully met, and operating process is simple, workload is small, high-efficient during Practical Project uses.
Detailed description of the invention
It to describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to embodiment or description of the prior art
Needed in attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only of the invention some
Embodiment for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can also be according to these
Attached drawing obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of process signal of the modeling method of single lightning rod system optimization layout provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is that (rolling is arranged in the geometry of the modeling verifying of the optimization layout of the lightning-arrest needle system of list provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Ball) schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that (folding is arranged in the geometry of the modeling verifying of the optimization layout of the lightning-arrest needle system of list provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Collimation method) schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 (a) is the convergence song of a kind of optimal solution obtained using rolling ball method provided in an embodiment of the present invention and average value
Line exemplary diagram；
Fig. 4 (b) is a kind of optimal solution obtained using rolling ball method provided in an embodiment of the present invention in the crosscutting of 12 meters of height
Face exemplary diagram；
Fig. 4 (c) is that a kind of optimal solution obtained using rolling ball method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is indulged locating for diagonal line 1
Section exemplary diagram；
Fig. 4 (d) is that a kind of optimal solution obtained using rolling ball method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is indulged locating for diagonal line 2
Section exemplary diagram；
Fig. 5 (a) is the convergence song of a kind of optimal solution obtained using polygometry provided in an embodiment of the present invention and average value
Line exemplary diagram；
Fig. 5 (b) is a kind of optimal solution obtained using polygometry provided in an embodiment of the present invention in the crosscutting of 12 meters of height
Face exemplary diagram；
Fig. 5 (c) is that a kind of optimal solution obtained using polygometry provided in an embodiment of the present invention is indulged locating for diagonal line 1
Section exemplary diagram；
Fig. 5 (d) is that a kind of optimal solution obtained using polygometry provided in an embodiment of the present invention is indulged locating for diagonal line 2
Section exemplary diagram；
Fig. 6 be in example one provided in an embodiment of the present invention protection object in the layout example figure of rectangular coordinate system；
Fig. 7 (a) is the receipts of the optimal solution and average value that are obtained in example one provided in an embodiment of the present invention using rolling ball method
Hold back curve exemplary diagram；
Fig. 7 (b) is the optimal solution that is obtained in example one provided in an embodiment of the present invention using rolling ball method in different height
Cross section exemplary diagram；
Fig. 8 (a) is the receipts of the optimal solution and average value that are obtained in example one provided in an embodiment of the present invention using polygometry
Hold back curve exemplary diagram；
Fig. 8 (b) is the optimal solution that is obtained in example one provided in an embodiment of the present invention using polygometry in different height
Cross section exemplary diagram；
Fig. 9 be in example two provided in an embodiment of the present invention protection object in the layout example figure of rectangular coordinate system；
Figure 10 (a) is the receipts of the optimal solution and average value that are obtained in example two provided in an embodiment of the present invention using rolling ball method
Hold back curve exemplary diagram；
Figure 10 (b) is the optimal solution that is obtained in example two provided in an embodiment of the present invention using rolling ball method in different height
Cross section exemplary diagram；
Figure 11 (a) is the receipts of the optimal solution and average value that are obtained in example two provided in an embodiment of the present invention using polygometry
Hold back curve exemplary diagram；
Figure 11 (b) is the optimal solution that is obtained in example two provided in an embodiment of the present invention using polygometry in different height
Cross section exemplary diagram；
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the model building device of single lightning rod system optimization layout provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In being described below, for illustration and not for limitation, the tool of such as particular system structure, technology etc is proposed
Body details, to understand thoroughly the embodiment of the present invention.However, it will be clear to one skilled in the art that there is no these specific
The present invention also may be implemented in the other embodiments of details.In other situations, it omits to well-known system, device, electricity
The detailed description of road and method, in case unnecessary details interferes description of the invention.
In order to illustrate technical solutions according to the invention, the following is a description of specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of modeling method of single lightning rod system optimization layout, as shown in Figure 1, this method packet
Include following steps:
Step 101, three-dimensional coordinate system is established, the protection scope that all the points in protection object are in lightning rod is set
It is interior, determine that the collection of all the points in the protection object is combined into first set.
Optionally, for single lightning rod the case where, to establish a general, pervasive lightning rod layout optimization design reason
By model, radius of protection of the lightning rod in protection object height is denoted as f (hr,hx), that is, have:
Wherein, the height of lightning rod is hr, protection object height is hx, radius of protection is
Optionally, for single lightning-arrest needle system, not only radius of protectionIt can be by terminal height hrWith protection height hxOnly
One determines, the lightning rod minimum altitude h neededrIt equally can also be by protection height hxAnd radius of protectionIt uniquely determines, therefore above formula
(1-1) can be converted are as follows:
If set, that is, first set of all the points is Ω in protection object, when the coordinate of the decorating position of lightning rod is (xr,
yr) when, for any point (x in protection objectpi,ypi,zpi) ∈ Ω, to make to change the time the protection scope in lightning rod it
Interior, then most extreme situation is that the point is in lightning rod on the radius of protection boundary in corresponding height, that is, is met:
In (1-3),Indicate that lightning conductor support is located at ground (xr,yr) point when i-th of protection object on point need
The height of lightning rod.Convolution (1-2) and formula (1-3), the then height of lightning rod are as follows:
Step 102, according to modeling principle, determine objective function, the modeling principle be in the first set not
With under subset, the height maxima of the lightning rod is the decorating position of the lightning rod to all the points in the first set
All protect required minimum altitude.
Optionally, to be in all the points in protection object in the protection scope of lightning rod, then lightning rod is most
Low clearance should be the maximum value of the height of lightning rod, that is, meet:
Optionally, the minimum cost principle protected according to direct lightning strike, the optimization design problem of the modeling for needle system of taking shelter from the thunder
Final goal is so that the height of lightning rod is minimum altitude.Enable the decorating position (x of lightning rodr,yr) it is optimized variable, then mesh
Scalar functions are as follows:
Step 103, according to the objective function and Optimization Modeling principle, determine that Optimized model, the Optimization Modeling are former
The then principle to keep the height of the lightning rod minimum.
According to formula (1-6), then the Optimized model that single lightning rod is laid out are as follows:
Wherein, [X1,X2]TFor the decision variable of model, the x of the decorating position of the lightning rod is respectively indicatedrAnd yrSeat
Scale value；The aiIndicate variable XiSolution space upper dividing value, the biIndicate variable XiSolution space floor value.
Further alternative, optimization problem corresponding to formula (1-6) and formula (1-7) can be calculated by intelligent optimization
Method is solved, i.e., initialization model parameter and optimized variable is inputted Optimized model, and the optimized variable is the frame of lightning rod
If position coordinates, the target function value of the formula (1-6) of output, the i.e. height of lightning rod are obtained.Whether judge this target function value
Meet condition, when this target function value meets condition, export terminal location coordinate optimal solution, when this target function value is discontented
When sufficient condition, continues to update optimized variable, target function value is regained, to obtain the optimal location and height of lightning rod.
Further, formula (1-6) expression isIt is about independent variable xrAnd yrFunction, it be one Ω sky
Interior optimization problem, objective function also may be defined as:
Optimized model may be expressed as:
Wherein, [Y1,Y2,Y3]TFor the decision variable of model, the x of the first set is respectively indicatedpi、ypi、zpiCoordinate
Value；The ciExpression amount YiThe upper dividing value of solution space, the diExpression amount YiThe floor value of solution space.
Optionally, optimization problem corresponding to formula (1-8) and formula (1-9) can be carried out by intelligent optimization algorithm
It solves.
Further, for the correctness of the model of the lightning-arrest needle system of the list for verifying above-mentioned foundation, rolling ball method is respectively adopted
It is verified with model of the polygometry to single lightning-arrest needle system, the present embodiment is used to single cuboid-type protection object
Single lightning rod location problem carries out optimizing.Under rectangular coordinate system, with the single cuboid-type protection object center on ground
Coordinate system is established centered on the projection in face, sets the length of this protection object as a, width b is highly c, and protection object
Length along the x-axis direction, width along the y-axis direction, highly along Z-direction.
As shown in Fig. 2, based on rolling ball method to the geometric description of the optimization design problem of single lightning-arrest needle system.
For rolling ball method, in protection object height hxRadius of protection in the horizontal planeAre as follows:
In formula (1-10), hrFor the height of lightning rod, rcFor ball radius.
In conjunction with the geometrical relationship between object each in Fig. 2, then the height of lightning rod are as follows:
It should be noted that working as using formula (1-11) to hrWhen calculating without solution, illustrate for rolling ball method, single lightning rod
System can no longer meet requirement of shelter, need to be protected using mostly lightning-arrest needle system.
The objective function of lightning rod layout is under the problem as a result, are as follows:
Optimized model may be expressed as:
Solution for formula (1-12) and formula (1-13) can realize that formula (1-12) is that this is asked using genetic algorithm
The fitness function of topic.Optionally, by initialization model parameter and optimized variable initial population, optimized variable initial population, that is, institute
The initial decorating position coordinate of lightning rod is stated, fitness function value, i.e., the height of the described lightning rod are exported；Judge the fitness
Whether functional value meets preset condition, when the fitness function value meets preset condition, exports the erection of the lightning rod
Position optimal solution；When the fitness function value is unsatisfactory for preset condition, optimized variable initial population is updated, to export again
Fitness function value.
Further, the size for taking initial population is M=100, crossover probability Pc=0.8, mutation probability Pm=0.1, it terminates
Evolutionary generation is T=200；Coordinate xrAnd yrThe bound of value is respectively [- 10,10], [- 5,5].When construction is having a size of a=
When 20m, b=10m, c=12m, the optimal solution of genetic algorithm obtained terminal location coordinate and height is utilized using rolling ball method
It is as follows: with the comparative situation of theoretical value
As can be seen from the above table, the optimal solution of the terminal location coordinate solved using genetic algorithm and theoretical value
Within 8cm, the optimal solution of terminal height and the absolute error of theoretical value are fully able to meet absolute error within 5cm
Practical Project demand.
Further, as shown in figure 3, based on polygometry to the geometric description of the optimization design problem of single lightning-arrest needle system.
For polygometry, in protection object height hxRadius of protection in the horizontal planeAre as follows:
In formula, hrFor the height of lightning rod, p is altitude correction factor, P value are as follows:
According to formula (1-14) and formula (1-15), and the geometrical relationship in Fig. 3 between each object is combined, then the height of lightning rod
Degree:
Wherein, hr≤30m；
Wherein, 30m≤hr≤120m。
It should be noted that in specific implementation procedure, it is differentTerminal height h needed for combination is lowerrSolution
Steps are as follows:
1. calculating h using formula (1-16)r；
2. if the h 1. walkedr≤ 30m, then the result is the height of lightning rod, and calculating terminates；If 1. walks
The h arrivedr> 30m must then be calculated the height of lightning rod using formula (1-17), 3. be walked into the；
3. calculating h using formula (1-17)rIf the h being calculatedr≤ 120m, then the result is the height of lightning rod, meter
Terminate；If the h being calculatedr> 120m then must can be only achieved requirement of shelter using mostly lightning-arrest needle system.
Then the objective function of lightning rod layout can indicate are as follows:
Optimized model may be expressed as:
Solution for formula (1-18) and formula (1-19) can realize that formula (1-18) is that this is asked using genetic algorithm
The fitness function of topic.
It should be noted that prevent it from falling into local optimum to improve the accuracy that individual adaptation degree functional value solves, it can
The precision that the method for taking its maximum value again improves optimization is solved by multiple optimizing.
Further, the size for taking initial population is M=100, crossover probability Pc=0.8, mutation probability Pm=0.1, it terminates
Evolutionary generation is T=200；Coordinate xrAnd yrThe bound of value is respectively [- 10,10], [- 5,5].When construction is having a size of a=
When 20m, b=10m, c=12m, the optimal solution of genetic algorithm obtained terminal location coordinate and height is utilized using polygometry
It is as follows: with the comparative situation of theoretical value
As can be seen from the above table, the optimal solution of the terminal location coordinate solved using genetic algorithm and theoretical value
Within 8cm, the optimal solution of terminal height and the absolute error of theoretical value are fully able to meet absolute error within 5cm
Practical Project demand.
Further, the convergence curve of the optimization design problem and the protection scope of optimal solution are solved using genetic algorithm
As shown in Fig. 4 (rolling ball method) and Fig. 5 (polygometry).From Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 5 (a) as can be seen that after the evolution in 200 generations,
Rolling ball method or polygometry are either used, corresponding fitness function value variation has tended towards stability, illustrated to solve at this time
The population in space gradually approaches onto optimal solution.
Further, Fig. 4 (b) and Fig. 5 (b) indicate height table in annulus in the cross section of 12m, Fig. 4 (b) and Fig. 5 (b)
Show the protection scope of single lightning-arrest needle system, rectangle indicates protection object, from the protection scope of Fig. 4 (b) and Fig. 5 (b) optimal solution
It can be seen that, either use rolling ball method or polygometry, under optimal solution, the protection object of different height can be fully located at
Single lightning-arrest needle system is within the protection scope at corresponding height.
Further, Fig. 4 (c) and Fig. 5 (c) indicates that protection object projects in corresponding rectangle in the face XOY, by XOY
The horizontal horizontal coordinate positive direction of the diagonal line of the first and third quadrant of face, locating longitudal section is directed toward first quartile from third quadrant, i.e.,
Longitudal section locating for diagonal line 1；Fig. 4 (d) and Fig. 5 (d) indicates that protection object projects in corresponding rectangle in the face XOY, passes through
The face XOY second, four-quadrant diagonal line, the horizontal horizontal coordinate positive direction of locating longitudal section from fourth quadrant be directed toward second as
Limit, i.e. longitudal section locating for diagonal line 2.The protection model of optimal solution from Fig. 4 (c) and Fig. 5 (c) and Fig. 4 (d) and Fig. 5 (d)
Enclosing also can be seen that, either use rolling ball method or polygometry, under optimal solution, the protection object of different height can be complete
Positioned at lightning-arrest needle system within the protection scope at corresponding height.For rolling ball method figure (4), 4 apex angles of protection object
Spacing between (being located at the first, second, third and fourth quadrant, height 12m) and protection scope boundary is respectively < 10-4m,
0.0114m,0.0456m,0.0342m；For polygometry figure (5), 4 apex angles of protection object (be located at first and second,
Three, four-quadrant, height 12m) and protection scope boundary between spacing be respectively 0.0640m, 0.0868m, 0.0226m, < 10-
4m.That is, either using rolling ball method or polygometry, protection scope can be under minimum surplus by protection object capsule
Including including, to demonstrate the accuracy and validity of the mathematical optimization models and method.
Optimization design is laid out to two real cases below with single lightning rod system model of foundation.Optimization design
In the process, rolling ball method and polygometry is respectively adopted as lightning rod protection scope calculation method, to the erection position of single lightning rod
It sets and height optimizes, and Optimum Design Results are compared.
(1) under rectangular coordinate system, the layout of protection object is as shown in Figure 6, wherein the size of protection object A be 6m ×
The size of 2m × 4m, protection object B are 6m × 2m × 3.5m, and the size of protection object C is 5m × 2m × 3m.This example is adopted respectively
The problem is optimized with rolling ball method and polygometry.In solution procedure, the parameter setting of genetic algorithm are as follows: take initial
The size of population is M=100, crossover probability Pc=0.8, mutation probability Pm=0.1, termination evolutionary generation are T=200；Coordinate xr
And yrThe bound of value is respectively [- 16,16], [- 14,12].It see the table below using the optimum results that genetic algorithm obtains:
The optimum results obtained using genetic algorithm: attached drawing 7 (a) and attached drawing 7 (b) indicate to obtain using rolling ball method optimal
It solves, attached drawing 8 (a) and attached drawing 8 (b) indicate the optimal solution obtained using polygometry, wherein attached drawing 7 (a) and attached drawing 8 (a) table
Show that the convergence curve of optimal value and average value, attached drawing 7 (b) and attached drawing 8 (b) indicate that optimal solution is shown in the protection scope of different height
It is intended to.
It can be seen that after the evolution in 200 generations from upper table and in attached drawing 7 and attached drawing 8, either use rolling ball method
Or polygometry, the population of solution space can gradually approach onto optimal solution.Due to the lightning rod system protection model of use
Calculation method difference is enclosed, the position of lightning rod layout and the optimal solution of height also can differences.But using rolling ball method and folding
The difference of the decorating position coordinate for the lightning rod that collimation method optimizing solves is smaller, and the deviation of the two is within 0.55m.Also, no matter
It is the optimizing solving result obtained using rolling ball method or polygometry, the protection object of different height can be fully located at lightning-arrest
Needle system is within the protection scope at corresponding height.For rolling ball method, protection object is in the height of 4m, 3.5m, 3m
It is respectively as follows: with the minimum spacing on protection scope boundary apart from 0.1988m, 0.1298m, distance at building B at building A
At building C < 10-4m；For polygometry, protection object in the height of 4m, 3.5m, 3m with protection scope boundary most
Small spacing is respectively as follows: apart from 0.0035m at building A, at building B < 10-4m, the 0.0117m at building C.On
It states interpretation of result and shows that the optimal solution of the terminal location obtained using the optimization algorithm and height is reasonable and completely full
Sufficient requirement of shelter.
(2) under rectangular coordinate system, the layout of protection object is as shown in Figure 9, wherein the size of protection object A be 12m ×
The size of 4m × 12m, protection object B are 46m × 8m × 6m.Rolling ball method and polygometry is respectively adopted the problem is optimized and asks
Solution.In solution procedure, the parameter setting of genetic algorithm are as follows: the size for taking initial population is M=100, crossover probability Pc=
0.8, mutation probability Pm=0.1, termination evolutionary generation are T=200；Coordinate xrAnd yrThe bound of value be respectively [0,0],
[46,32].It see the table below using the optimum results that genetic algorithm obtains, in addition attached drawing 10 (a) and attached drawing 10 (b) indicate to use spin
The optimal solution that method obtains, attached drawing 11 (a) and attached drawing 11 (b) indicate the optimal solution obtained using polygometry, wherein attached drawing 10
(a) and the convergence curve of attached drawing 11 (a) expression optimal value and average value, attached drawing 10 (b) and attached drawing 11 (b) indicate optimal solution not
Level protection scope schematic diagram.
From upper table with attached drawing 10 and attached drawing 11 it can be seen that after the evolution in 200 generations, based on rolling ball method and polygometry
Optimizing algorithm, the population of solution space can gradually approach onto optimal solution.Equally, different protection scope calculation methods are based on
Optimal solution still can there is some difference.But the optimizing solving result either obtained using rolling ball method or polygometry,
The protection object of different height can be fully located at lightning-arrest needle system within the protection scope at corresponding height.Also, nothing
By for rolling ball method or polygometry, minimum spacing of the protection object in the height of 12m, 6m with protection scope boundary is respectively less than
10-4m.The above results analysis shows, the optimal solution of the terminal location and height that are obtained using the optimization algorithm be it is reasonable,
And fully meet requirement of shelter.
It should be understood that the size of the serial number of each step is not meant that the order of the execution order in above-described embodiment, each process
Execution sequence should be determined by its function and internal logic, the implementation process without coping with the embodiment of the present invention constitutes any limit
It is fixed.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of model building device of single lightning rod system optimization layout, as shown in figure 12, the device
It include: to establish module 1201, the first determining module 1202, the second determining module 1203.
Module 1201 is established, for establishing three-dimensional coordinate system, all the points in protection object is set and are in lightning rod
Protection scope in, determine that the collection of all the points in the protection object is combined into first set.
First determining module 1202, for according to modeling principle, determining objective function, the modeling principle is described the
Under different subsets in one set, the height maxima of the lightning rod is the decorating position of the lightning rod to first collection
All the points in conjunction all protect required minimum altitude.
Optionally, first determining module 1202, is also used to basisDetermine objective function；Its
In, (the xr,yr) indicate the decorating position of the lightning rod, the hrIndicate the height of the lightning rod, (xpi,ypi,
zpi) indicate that any point in the protection object, the Ω indicate the first set.
Second determining module 1203, for determining Optimized model, institute according to the objective function and Optimization Modeling principle
Stating Optimization Modeling principle is the principle for keeping the height of the lightning rod minimum.
Optionally, second determining module 1203, is also used to basisDetermine optimization
Model；Wherein, [X1,X2]TFor the decision variable of model, the x of the decorating position of the lightning rod is respectively indicatedrAnd yrCoordinate
Value；The aiIndicate variable XiSolution space upper dividing value, the biIndicate variable XiSolution space floor value.
Further, first determining module 1202, is also used to basis
Determine objective function.
Second determining module 1203, is also used to basis
Determine Optimized model；Wherein, [Y1,Y2,Y3]TFor the decision variable of model, the x of the first set is respectively indicatedpi、ypi、zpi
Coordinate value；The ciExpression amount YiThe upper dividing value of solution space, the diExpression amount YiThe floor value of solution space.
Further, described device is also used to after obtaining Optimized model:
The initial decorating position coordinate of initialization model parameter and the lightning rod is inputted into the Optimized model, exports mesh
Offer of tender numerical value, the target function value are the height of the lightning rod；
Judge whether the target function value meets preset condition, it is defeated when the target function value meets preset condition
The decorating position coordinate optimal solution of the lightning rod out；
When the target function value is unsatisfactory for preset condition, the initial decorating position coordinate of the lightning rod is updated, with
Again output objective function value.
Further, using rolling ball method to according to establishing module 1201, the first determining module 1202,
The model of second determining module 1203 building is verified, and first determining module 1202 is also used to useIt determines
Objective function；
Second determining module 1203, is also used to basis
, determine Optimized model；Wherein, the rcFor ball radius.
Further, using polygometry to according to establishing module 1201, the first determining module 1202,
The model of two determining modules 1203 building is verified, and first determining module 1202 is also used to useDetermine objective function；
Second determining module 1203, is also used to basisDetermine Optimized model,
Wherein, describedIndicate the height of the lightning rod.
Further, described device is also used to initialization model parameter and optimized variable initial population, at the beginning of optimized variable
The initial decorating position coordinate of beginning population, that is, lightning rod exports fitness function value, i.e., the height of the described lightning rod；Judgement
Whether the fitness function value meets preset condition, when the fitness function value meets preset condition, keeps away described in output
The decorating position optimal solution of thunder needle；When the fitness function value is unsatisfactory for preset condition, optimized variable initial population is updated,
To export fitness function value again.
A kind of model building device of single lightning rod system optimization layout provided in an embodiment of the present invention, is established by establishing module
Three-dimensional coordinate system is arranged all the points in protection object and is in the protection scope of lightning rod, determines the protection object
The collection of upper all the points is combined into first set, and then basis is under the different subsets in the first set, the height of the lightning rod
Degree maximum value is that the decorating position of the lightning rod all protects all the points in the first set required minimum altitude, the
One determining module determines objective function, and further according to the objective function and Optimization Modeling principle, the second determining module determines excellent
Change model, the Optimization Modeling principle is the principle for keeping the height of the lightning rod minimum, the mould established using the model building device
The decorating position of the lightning rod that type obtains and height can fully meet requirement of shelter, and Practical Project with during grasp
Make that process is simple, workload is small, high-efficient.
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram for the terminal device that one embodiment of the invention provides.As shown in figure 13, the terminal of the embodiment
Equipment 13 includes: processor 1301, memory 1302 and is stored in the memory 1302 and can be in the processor
The computer program 1303 run on 1301, such as the modeling program of single lightning rod system optimization layout.The processor 1301
The step in the modeling method embodiment of above-mentioned single lightning rod system optimization layout is realized when executing the computer program 1303,
Such as step 101 shown in FIG. 1 is to 103.The processor 1301 realizes above-mentioned each dress when executing the computer program 1303
The function of each module in embodiment is set, such as the function of module 1201 to 1203 shown in Figure 12.
Illustratively, the computer program 1303 can be divided into one or more modules, one or more
A module is stored in the memory 1302, and is executed by the processor 1301, to complete the present invention.It is one or
Multiple modules can be the series of computation machine program instruction section that can complete specific function, the instruction segment by describe it is described based on
Implementation procedure of the calculation machine program 1303 in the model building device or terminal device 13 of single lightning rod system optimization layout.Example
Such as, the computer program 1303, which can be divided into, establishes module 1201, the first determining module 1202, the second determining module
1203, each module concrete function is as shown in figure 12, and this is no longer going to repeat them.
The terminal device 13 can be the calculating such as desktop PC, notebook, palm PC and cloud server and set
It is standby.The terminal device may include, but be not limited only to, processor 1301, memory 1302.Those skilled in the art can manage
Solution, Figure 13 is only the example of terminal device 13, does not constitute the restriction to terminal device 13, may include than illustrate it is more or
Less component perhaps combines certain components or different components, such as the terminal device can also include input and output
Equipment, network access equipment, bus etc..
Alleged processor 1301 can be central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), can be with
It is other general processors, digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), specific integrated circuit
(Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), ready-made programmable gate array (Field-
Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) either other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic,
Discrete hardware components etc..General processor can be microprocessor or the processor is also possible to any conventional processor
Deng.
The memory 1302 can be the internal storage unit of the terminal device 13, such as the hard disk of terminal device 13
Or memory.The memory 1302 is also possible to the External memory equipment of the terminal device 13, such as the terminal device 13
The plug-in type hard disk of upper outfit, intelligent memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), secure digital (Secure Digital,
SD) block, flash card (Flash Card) etc..Further, the memory 1302 can also both include the terminal device 13
Internal storage unit also include External memory equipment.The memory 1302 is for storing the computer program and described
Other programs and data needed for terminal device 13.The memory 1302 can be also used for temporarily storing exported or
The data that will be exported.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for convenience of description and succinctly, only with above-mentioned each function
Can unit, module division progress for example, in practical application, can according to need and by above-mentioned function distribution by different
Functional unit, module are completed, i.e., the internal structure of described device is divided into different functional unit or module, more than completing
The all or part of function of description.Each functional unit in embodiment, module can integrate in one processing unit, can also
To be that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units, it is above-mentioned integrated
Unit both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of software functional units.In addition, each function list
Member, the specific name of module are also only for convenience of distinguishing each other, the protection scope being not intended to limit this application.Above system
The specific work process of middle unit, module, can refer to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiment, and details are not described herein.
In the above-described embodiments, it all emphasizes particularly on different fields to the description of each embodiment, is not described in detail or remembers in some embodiment
The part of load may refer to the associated description of other embodiments.
Those of ordinary skill in the art may be aware that list described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure
Member and algorithm steps can be realized with the combination of electronic hardware or computer software and electronic hardware.These functions are actually
It is implemented in hardware or software, the specific application and design constraint depending on technical solution.Professional technician
Each specific application can be used different methods to achieve the described function, but this realization is it is not considered that exceed
The scope of the present invention.
In embodiment provided by the present invention, it should be understood that disclosed device/terminal device and method, it can be with
It realizes by another way.For example, device described above/terminal device embodiment is only schematical, for example, institute
The division of module or unit is stated, only a kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, such as
Multiple units or components can be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.Separately
A bit, shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct-coupling or communication connection can be through some interfaces, device
Or the INDIRECT COUPLING or communication connection of unit, it can be electrical property, mechanical or other forms.
The unit as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, aobvious as unit
The component shown may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple
In network unit.It can select some or all of unit therein according to the actual needs to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme
's.
It, can also be in addition, the functional units in various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit
It is that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.Above-mentioned integrated list
Member both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of software functional units.
If the integrated module/unit be realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and as independent product sale or
In use, can store in a computer readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, the present invention realizes above-mentioned implementation
All or part of the process in example method, can also instruct relevant hardware to complete, the meter by computer program
Calculation machine program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, the computer program when being executed by processor, it can be achieved that on
The step of stating each embodiment of the method.Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, the computer program
Code can be source code form, object identification code form, executable file or certain intermediate forms etc..Computer-readable Jie
Matter may include: can carry the computer program code any entity or device, recording medium, USB flash disk, mobile hard disk,
Magnetic disk, CD, computer storage, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM,
Random Access Memory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium etc..It should be noted that described
The content that computer-readable medium includes can carry out increasing appropriate according to the requirement made laws in jurisdiction with patent practice
Subtract, such as does not include electric carrier signal and electricity according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable medium in certain jurisdictions
Believe signal.
Embodiment described above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although referring to aforementioned reality
Applying example, invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each
Technical solution documented by embodiment is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these are modified
Or replacement, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution should all
It is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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