CN109855957A - A kind of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test - Google Patents
A kind of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test Download PDFInfo
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- CN109855957A CN109855957A CN201910264386.XA CN201910264386A CN109855957A CN 109855957 A CN109855957 A CN 109855957A CN 201910264386 A CN201910264386 A CN 201910264386A CN 109855957 A CN109855957 A CN 109855957A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005476 size effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test, may include pressure head part and the supporting part that the pressure head beneath portions are arranged in, the pressure head part includes pressure head body and pressure roller, and the bottom of the pressure head body is arranged in the pressure roller;The supporting part includes branch roller, mobile support saddle, pedestal and guide rail platform, guide rail platform both ends are each provided with the mobile support saddle, the mobile support saddle is connect by the pedestal with the guide rail platform, the branch roller is additionally provided on the mobile support saddle, the mobile support saddle is symmetricly set on the guide rail platform centered on the pressure head body.The rock three point bending test that sizes can be adapted to by replacement pressure roller and branch roller, meets the three point bending test that the biggish each group test specimen of change in size is carried out on a fixture.
Description
Technical field
It is curved more particularly to a kind of 3 points of rock for dimensional effect test the present invention relates to rock and soil engineering detection field
Bent fixture.
Background technique
With the fast development of economic construction of China, the scale of geotechnical engineering increasingly increases, Rock Slide Stability and problem on deformation
Also it becomes increasingly conspicuous.Tensile strength sometimes plays the stability of engineering decisive as one of most important mechanical characteristics of rock
Influence, the overall collapses of many geotechnical engineerings destroys the tension failure originating from part, and in practical projects, rock is usually deposited
In the stretch bending stress for being similar to beam, plate.Meanwhile according to the viewpoint of fracture mechanics, the cracking master of geotechnical engineering structure
If as caused by its fracture toughness deficiency.Therefore the bending and tensile strength of study of rocks and fracture toughness are for geotechnical engineering
Design and estimation of stability there is very profound significance.
The method of measurement Tensile Strength of Rock is broadly divided into two class of direct tensile test and Indirect Tensile Tests, due to rock
Tensile strength it is smaller, to rock carry out direct tensile test it is relatively difficult, many Indirect Tensile Tests, such as Brazil splitting examination
Method, Point Load Tests method and bend test method etc. is tested to occur in succession.Currently, the three point bending test with prefabricated crack has size
Small, the features such as weight is light, easy to operate, becomes domestic and foreign scholars and tests one of most common method of rock fracture toughness.It is logical
Cross the rock three point bending test with prefabricated crack can tensile strength to rock and fracture toughness effectively tested, so
And the universal testing machine first wife fixture that laboratory is purchased is for large scale test specimen, branch rolling and pressure sword are oversized, can not
Meet the test requirements document of small-size test piece.Meanwhile the size of branch rolling and pressure sword limits the fixture and may be only available for single size
Or the test specimen of adjoining dimensions, the bend test of the biggish each group test specimen of change in size can not be met simultaneously.Therefore, for development base
In the rock Research on Size Effect of three point bending test, needs R & D design and go out a kind of rock for dimensional effect test
Three-point bending fixture.
Summary of the invention
It is above-mentioned existing to solve the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test
The problem of with the presence of technology, can adapt to the rock three point bending test of sizes by replacement pressure roller and branch roller, meet
The three point bending test of the biggish each group test specimen of change in size is carried out on a fixture.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
A kind of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test, including pressure head part and setting are in the pressure head portion
Supporting part below point, the pressure head part includes pressure head body and pressure roller, and the bottom of the pressure head body is arranged in the pressure roller;
The supporting part includes branch roller, mobile support saddle, pedestal and guide rail platform, and guide rail platform both ends are each provided with described in one
Mobile support saddle, the mobile support saddle are connect with the guide rail platform by the pedestal, are also set up on the mobile support saddle
Branch roller is stated, the mobile support saddle is symmetricly set on the guide rail platform centered on the pressure head body.
Preferably, the mobile support saddle includes support portion and fixed part, and the support portion and the fixed part are vertically integrated
It is arranged, is provided with several the second adjacent V-grooves at the top of the support portion, the groove width of adjacent second V-groove is successively successively decreased,
The support portion side is provided with vertical lubber-line corresponding with second V-groove, and the branch roller setting is described the
In two V-grooves, the both ends of the branch roller are respectively connected with spring, and the other end of the spring is bolted on the support portion
On;
Preferably, the bottom of the fixed part is provided with strip bulge, and bolt hole is also provided on the fixed part, described
Strip bulge is embedded in the guide-track groove of the guide rail platform and is detachably connected with the base by bolt;
Preferably, the guide-track groove of the guide rail platform is provided with T-type sliding slot, and the pedestal is T-type sliding block, in the pedestal
In the T-type sliding slot and top is lower than the upper surface of the guide rail platform;
Preferably, the outer lateral edge guide-track groove direction of the guide rail platform is provided with graduated scale, and the lubber-line is vertically arranged
Above the graduated scale, the lubber-line is for recording the mobile support saddle in the position of the guide rail platform;
Preferably, pressure head body bottom offers one first V-groove, and the pressure roller is fixed on described first by spring
In V-groove, the spring one end is connect with the end of the pressure roller, and the other end of the spring is bolted on the pressure
On head body;
Preferably, pressure sensor is additionally provided at the top of the pressure head body;
Preferably, two adjacent second V-grooves are provided at the top of the support portion, second V-groove in the outside
Groove width is greater than the groove width of the second V-groove of the inside, and second V-groove in the outside can place 2 diameter differences
The branch roller.
The present invention achieves following technical effect compared with the existing technology:
1) the rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test of the invention is by detachable and interchangeable pressure roller and branch roller,
The model of interchangeable roller can satisfy the biggish each group test specimen of change in size and carry out three point bending test.
2) the rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test of the invention causes device to be sent out due to use for a long time
Raw senile abrasion continues to use when will cause larger test error, and replacement roller is necessary, but bearing body and pressure head body are still
It can continue to use, material can be saved in this way, reduce cost.
3) the branch roller of the rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test of the invention and pressure roller both ends are by tension
Spring is fixed on mobile support saddle and pressure head body, ensure that branch roller and pressure roller are relatively stable during loading.
4) the rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test of the invention is since the selection of branch roller is high-intensitive, high rigidity
With the good bearing steel of abrasion resistance properties, the frequent disassembly of tension of engagement spring and bolt can prevent bring after getting rusty from dismounting
It is inconvenient.
5) mobile support saddle of the rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test of the invention passes through with guide rail platform
Pedestal in guide-track groove is connected, can bolt is elastic to change connection status by adjusting, can either realize mobile support saddle
The positioning of specific location on guide rail platform, and facilitate adjustment mobile support saddle in the position of guide rail platform, and make single unit system
It is easy to disassemble.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test;
Fig. 2 is a kind of support section structural schematic diagram of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test;
Fig. 3 is a kind of mobile support saddle structural schematic diagram of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test;
Fig. 4 is a kind of guide rail platform structure schematic diagram of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test;
Fig. 5 is a kind of pressure head partial structure diagram of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test;
Fig. 6 is a kind of branch roll structure schematic diagram of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test;
Fig. 7 is a kind of schematic diagram of base structure of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test;
Wherein, 1- pressure head part, 2- supporting part, 3- guide rail platform, 4- mobile support saddle, 5- bolt, 6-T type sliding block, 7-T
Type sliding slot, 8- graduated scale, the second V-groove of 9-, 10- branch roller, 11- support portion, 12- fixed part, 13- strip bulge, 14- spring,
15- lubber-line, 16- screw hole, 17- bolt hole, 18- pressure head body, 19- pressure roller, the small-sized branch roller of 20-, the medium-sized branch roller of 21-, 22- are big
Type branch roller.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is above-mentioned existing to solve the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test
The problem of with the presence of technology, can adapt to the rock three point bending test of sizes by replacement pressure roller and branch roller, meet
The biggish each group test specimen of change in size is carried out on a fixture carries out three point bending test.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one:
As shown in figs. 1-7, the present embodiment is the rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test a kind of to the present invention
Principles and methods and specific embodiment further explanation.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiments providing a kind of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test, including pressure
Head point 1 and the supporting part 2 being arranged in below pressure head part 1, pressure head part 1 includes pressure head body 18 and pressure roller 19, such as Fig. 5 institute
Show, opens up a screw hole 16 in 18 top center of pressure head body, screw hole 16 is interior from screw rod phase that is threaded, carrying with testing machine sensor
Matching guarantees that pressure head can uniformly transmit load.Pressure head body 18 selects high-intensitive 40Cr steel, and pressure roller 19 is selected high-intensitive, high
The bearing steel of hardness and high abrasion.Pressure roller 19 is set there are three types of size, is individually positioned in 18 bottom of pressure head body during the experiment
In first V-groove, 19 both ends of pressure roller are fastened in the first V-groove of 18 bottom of pressure head body by spring 14 before testing.Into
One step, 14 one end of spring is connect with 19 end of pressure roller, and 14 other end of spring is connect with bolt 5, and removably by bolt 5
It is fixed in the screw hole 16 of pressure head body 18, screw hole 16 here is provided on 18 side wall of pressure head body of the perpendicular top of pressure roller 19, is guaranteed
Pressure roller 19 is relatively stable in loading procedure, is also convenient for the dismounting and change of pressure roller 19 Yu pressure head body 18.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, supporting part 2 includes branch roller 10, mobile support saddle 4, pedestal and guide rail platform 3, wherein mobile branch
Seat 4 includes support portion 11 and fixed part 12, and support portion 11 and fixed part 12 are vertically wholely set, in order to improve two mobile support saddles
4 minimum range, support portion 11 and fixed part 12 are wholely set using end;Support portion 11 of mobile support saddle 4 are provided with two
The groove width of a second V-groove 9, two the second V-grooves 9 is of different sizes, needs to choose various sizes of branch roller 10 according to test and puts
It is placed in the second V-groove 9 of corresponding size, 10 both ends of branch roller are fastened on the second of support portion 11 by spring 14 when test
In V-groove 9.Further, 14 one end of spring is connect with branch roller 10, and 14 other end of spring is connect with bolt 5, and passes through bolt 5
It is fixed in the screw hole 16 of support portion 11, screw hole 16 here is provided on the side wall of the support portion 11 of the perpendicular lower section of branch roller 10, is protected
Branch roller 10 is relatively stable in card loading procedure, is also convenient for the dismounting and change of branch roller 10 Yu mobile support saddle 4.
Further, to obtain accurately test span, it is arranged two in two 9 lower ends of the second V-groove of mobile support saddle 4
Lubber-line 15 corresponds respectively to the vertically long line of two 9 slot bottoms of the second V-groove, specifically, first lubber-line 15 is away from support
11 inside 2mm of portion, Article 2 lubber-line 15 is away from 11 inside 6.5mm of support portion;12 bottom end of fixed part of mobile support saddle 4 is equipped with bar shaped
Protrusion 13, specifically, the width of strip bulge 13 is 1mm smaller than the width on 7 top of T-type sliding slot of guide rail platform 3, branch mobile in this way
The strip bulge 13 of seat 4 can be embedded into the top of T-type sliding slot 7, so that 4 part of mobile support saddle is preliminarily mated with guide rail platform 3,
It is equipped with the bolt hole 17 that diameter is 11mm in fixed part 12 and strip bulge 13, according to test needs, branch roller 10 is equipped with big-and-middle
Small three kinds of models, diameter are respectively 2mm, 5mm, 10mm, and structure is as shown in fig. 6, specifically, diameter is 2mm's before testing
Small-sized branch roller 20 is placed in lesser second V-groove 9 of groove width, and the medium-sized branch roller 21 and diameter that diameter is 5mm are the big of 10mm
Type branch roller 22 is separately placed in biggish second V-groove 9 of groove width, specifically, the 10 length phase of branch roller of three kinds of models
It is all 80mm and identical as 9 length of the second V-groove of mobile support saddle 4, specifically, mobile support saddle 4 selects high-intensitive 40Cr steel,
Branch roller 10 selects high-intensitive, high rigidity and high-wearing feature bearing steel, prevents bring dismounting after getting rusty inconvenient.
As shown in figure 4, being equipped with the graduated scale 8 that precision is 0.5mm, range is 200mm on the outside of guide rail platform 3, test every time
When the positions of two mobile support saddles 4 can be determined according to the numerical value of the recorded graduated scale 8 of lubber-line 15, convenient for the behaviour of testing crew
Make.
As shown in fig. 7, mobile support saddle 4 is fixedly connected by pedestal with guide rail platform 3, wherein pedestal is a T-type sliding block 6,
Upper part is provided with screw hole 16, and 6 top width of T-type sliding block and strip bulge 13 are of same size, and are adapted with T-type sliding slot 7, is filling
With in the process, 5 bolt hole 17 of bolt that bolt 5 passes through on the fixed part 12 of mobile support saddle 4 is fixed on the screw hole of T-type sliding block 6
In 16, specifically, the bottom width of T-type sliding block 6 is 1mm smaller than the bottom width of T-type sliding slot 7, and the lower height of T-type sliding block 6
It is 1mm lower than 7 corresponding portion of T-type sliding slot, it moves and fixes in T-type sliding slot 7 convenient for T-type sliding block 6 in this way.Pass through elasticity bolt 5
Changeable two mobile support saddles 4, can be to mobile support saddle by screwing bolts 5 after position is adjusted in the position of guide rail platform 3
4 are fixed, and then carry out subsequent experimental.
A kind of course of work of the rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test of the present embodiment:
Step 1: the production of rock sample
Rock sample to be measured is machined in the grinding tools such as use for laboratory drilling machine and lathe before experiment, by boring
It the techniques such as takes, cut, roughly grind and refines, be processed into the standard square test specimen of three kinds of sizes, size can be (length × width × height):
10mm × 30mm × 5mm, 20mm × 30mm × 10mm, 40mm × 30mm × various sizes of test specimen of tri- kinds of 20mm, in each test specimen
The incipient crack of the prefabricated 0.5 times of height in midpoint lower part on length direction.Sample preparation standard is referring to " GB50266-2013 engineering rock mass
Test method standard " etc. relevant regulations carry out, with grinding machine process surface of test piece, be less than test specimen two ends surface evenness allowable tolerance
0.5mm, final processing obtain the test specimen that size dimension allowable tolerance is less than ± 0.2mm, guarantee that surface of test piece is smooth.
Step 2: rock sample is installed on the operational platform
Firstly, by taking the rock sample having a size of (length × width × height) 10mm × 30mm × 5mm as an example, according to test setting
4 spacing of mobile support saddle is 0.75 times of piece lengths, and the span of two rollers 10 is set as 7.5mm.Since the sample dimensions are smaller,
The small-sized branch roller 20 that diameter is 2mm is placed in lesser second V-groove 9 of groove width when test, with spring 14 and bolt 5 by its
It is fixed on mobile support saddle 4, the pressure roller 19 that diameter is 2mm is placed in the first V-groove of pressure head body 18, spring 14 is equally used
Pressure roller 19 is fixed on pressure head body 18 with bolt 5.
Then it will be placed on the operating platform of testing machine in 2 pairs of entire supporting part, the biography of pressure head body 18 and testing machine
Sensor is connected;Then, two are determined with the graduated scale 8 in span and T-type sliding slot 7 with the corresponding lubber-line 15 of the second V-groove 9
The position of mobile support saddle 4 utilizes bolt 5 by 6 He of T-type sliding block according to the position of identified mobile support saddle 4 on guide rail platform 3
Mobile support saddle 4 is fixed in T-type sliding slot 7.
Secondly, test specimen is symmetrically placed on two small-sized branch rollers 20, sensor and pressure head part 1 are slowly reduced downwards, are made
Pressure head part 1 is kept at a distance from 1-2mm in the middle part of test specimen, and adjustment 18 direction of pressure head body makes 19 axis of pressure roller and specimen width direction
On middle line be overlapped, then continuing, which reduces pressure head part 1, both makes gentle touchdown.
Step 3 carries out loading test to rock sample
It is further applied load, testing machine records the data such as load, displacement in experimentation in real time, breaks until fracture occurs for test specimen
It is bad, off-test.
When continuing having a size of (length × width × height) 20mm × 30mm × 10mm specimen test, small-sized 20 He of branch roller is removed
Diameter is the pressure roller 19 of 2mm, selects medium-sized branch roller 21 (diameter 5mm) and diameter for the pressure roller 19 and mobile support saddle 4 and pressure of 5mm
Head body 18 connects;When carrying out having a size of (length × width × height) 40mm × 30mm × 20mm specimen test, other model rollers are removed,
Selecting large-scale 22 diameter of branch roller is 10mm) and diameter be 10mm pressure roller 19 connect with mobile support saddle 4 and pressure head body 18;And according to
Corresponding span repeats step 2.
Specific examples are applied in the present invention, and principle and implementation of the present invention are described, above embodiments
Illustrate to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention;At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to
According to thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification
It should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test, it is characterised in that: exist including pressure head part and setting
The supporting part of the pressure head beneath portions, the pressure head part include pressure head body and pressure roller, and the pressure roller is arranged in the pressure
The bottom of head body;The supporting part includes branch roller, mobile support saddle, pedestal and guide rail platform, and guide rail platform both ends are respectively set
It is equipped with the mobile support saddle, the mobile support saddle is connect by the pedestal with the guide rail platform, the mobile support saddle
On be additionally provided with the branch roller, the mobile support saddle is symmetricly set on the guide rail platform centered on the pressure head body.
2. the rock three-point bending fixture according to claim 1 for dimensional effect test, it is characterised in that: the shifting
Dynamic support includes support portion and fixed part, and the support portion and the fixed part are vertically wholely set, the top of the support portion
Several the second adjacent V-grooves are provided with, the groove width of adjacent second V-groove is successively successively decreased, and the support portion side is respectively provided with
There is vertical lubber-line corresponding with second V-groove, the branch roller is arranged in second V-groove, the branch roller
Both ends are respectively connected with spring, and the other end of the spring is bolted on the support portion.
3. the rock three-point bending fixture according to claim 2 for dimensional effect test, it is characterised in that: described solid
The bottom for determining portion is provided with strip bulge, and bolt hole is also provided on the fixed part, and the strip bulge is embedded in described lead
It is detachably connected with the base in the guide-track groove of rail platform and by bolt.
4. the rock three-point bending fixture according to claim 1 or 3 for dimensional effect test, it is characterised in that: institute
The guide-track groove for stating guide rail platform is provided with T-type sliding slot, and the pedestal is T-type sliding block, and the pedestal is embedded in the T-type sliding slot
And top is lower than the upper surface of the guide rail platform.
5. the rock three-point bending fixture according to claim 4 for dimensional effect test, it is characterised in that: described to lead
The outer lateral edge guide-track groove direction of rail platform is provided with graduated scale, and the lubber-line is vertically arranged in above the graduated scale, described
Lubber-line is for recording the mobile support saddle in the position of the guide rail platform.
6. the rock three-point bending fixture for dimensional effect test according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that: institute
It states pressure head body bottom and offers the first V-groove, the pressure roller is fixed in first V-groove by spring, the spring one
End is connect with the end of the pressure roller, and the other end of the spring is bolted on the pressure head body.
7. the rock three-point bending fixture according to claim 6 for dimensional effect test, it is characterised in that: the pressure
Pressure sensor is additionally provided at the top of head body.
8. the rock three-point bending fixture according to claim 2 for dimensional effect test, it is characterised in that: the branch
Two adjacent second V-grooves are provided at the top of support part, the groove width of second V-groove in the outside is greater than the second of the inside
The groove width of V-groove, second V-groove in the outside can place the different branch roller of 2 diameters.
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CN112014237A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-01 | 山东大学 | Device and method for preparing cement stone microscopic sample and testing bending tensile strength |
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