CN107806835B - Device for measuring double maximum static load permanent deformation of mining bolt by grating ruler - Google Patents

Device for measuring double maximum static load permanent deformation of mining bolt by grating ruler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107806835B
CN107806835B CN201711297564.6A CN201711297564A CN107806835B CN 107806835 B CN107806835 B CN 107806835B CN 201711297564 A CN201711297564 A CN 201711297564A CN 107806835 B CN107806835 B CN 107806835B
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China
Prior art keywords
pull head
cross beam
grating ruler
sleeve
bolt
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CN201711297564.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107806835A (en
Inventor
刘宏宇
黄海朝
来斌
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Jiangxi coal industry scientific research institute
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Jiangxi coal industry scientific research institute
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/16Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
    • G01B11/165Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by means of a grating deformed by the object
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • G01N3/06Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
    • G01N3/068Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12Pressure testing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019Compressive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0048Hydraulic means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for measuring the double maximum static load permanent deformation of a mining bolt by a grating ruler, which belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety and comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises two longitudinal beams and a cross beam positioned between the two longitudinal beams, the cross beam comprises an upper cross beam and a lower cross beam, the lower cross beam is driven by external force to slide in a slideway at the inner side of the two longitudinal beams, a base is arranged below the frame, an upper pull head and a lower pull head are respectively arranged below the lower cross beam and above the base, the lower pull head is a fixed pull head, the upper pull head is a movable pull head, an upper bolt and a lower bolt which transversely penetrate through two opposite side walls of the upper pull head and the lower pull head are respectively arranged on the upper pull head and the lower pull head, and two ends of a connecting piece to be measured are respectively connected with the upper pull head and the lower pull head through the upper bolt and the lower bolt and are loaded, and the grating ruler for measuring displacement is arranged. The whole test device is controlled by an automatic system, the measured data is directly read by the system, and the accuracy of the measured result and the data is greatly improved.

Description

Device for measuring double maximum static load permanent deformation of mining bolt by grating ruler
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine safety, in particular to a device for measuring the double maximum static load permanent deformation of a mining bolt by a grating ruler.
Background
The national inspection catalog (first batch) for the inspection of the safety equipment for the coal mine is used for inspecting the permanent bending deformation quantity of the connecting bolt of the narrow-gauge vehicle for the coal mine when the double maximum static load test is carried out according to the inspection standard of the connecting bolt of the narrow-gauge vehicle for the coal mine, and the inspection is carried out once in the 414 th half year according to the inspection standard of the safety code of the coal mine (2011) so as to ensure the safety production of the coal mine. Unlike the conventional standard of the MT-244.2-2005 ' narrow gauge vehicle connector for coal mine connection bolt ', the new standard (the safety production industry standard AQ1112-2014 of the people's republic of China) has great variation on the process control, measurement accuracy and loading load of the bolt safety inspection. Thus, new requirements are placed on the inspection equipment requirements. The simple measurement principle of the double maximum static load test is as follows: and placing connecting pieces such as a bolt to be tested and the like on a fixture, continuously loading the connecting pieces to the maximum static load under the condition of no impact, defining the position of a certain point on the connecting pieces as A, loading the connecting pieces to the maximum static load twice at a constant speed, gradually unloading the connecting pieces to the maximum static load, and calibrating the position of the point A again. And measuring the distance between the two calibration of the point A, wherein the distance is the permanent bending deformation of the connecting piece. The displacement of the point A can be directly read by using a measuring instrument which meets the requirements.
The old standard measuring equipment is a universal hydraulic experiment machine, and the maximum applied force value is 10000kN; one tester is required to manually control the oil inlet amount of the hydraulic tension machine to complete the test, and the other tester is matched with the scale reading data.
Under the new standard, the old standard measuring equipment cannot adapt to:
(1) The applied force of the universal hydraulic testing machine is oversized in measuring range: according to the dead weight, gradient, conveying capacity, quantity, friction force and the like of the narrow-gauge vehicle of the coal mine, the maximum load weight range is calculated: 10-50 Kn,1000kN tensile force can meet the requirement, and the measuring error is increased due to overlarge measuring range;
(2) The measurement accuracy cannot meet the measurement requirement: three specifications of bolt diameter for coal mine: 38mm,40mm, 41-50 mm, most commonly 40mm, the qualification requirement is not more than 0.072mm,0.08mm, 0.082-0.1 mm, most commonly 40mm, so that the mechanical measuring instrument can not meet the requirement on the premise that the measurement accuracy requirement of the new standard reaches 1 um;
(3) The new standard test process is completed in three stages, the loading speeds of each stage are different, the manual control of the oil quantity of the universal hydraulic test machine cannot be realized, the load waste is caused, and the test requirement of the double static load permanent deformation quantity cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device for measuring the double maximum static load permanent deformation of the mining bolt by using a grating ruler, which is suitable for the practical needs.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the scheme adopts the following technical means:
the utility model provides a device of mining bolt double maximum static load permanent deformation volume is measured to grating chi, includes a frame, the frame includes two longerons and is located the crossbeam between two longerons, the crossbeam is including the entablature that is used for supporting the longeron and the entablature that is located the entablature below, the entablature slides in the inboard slide of two longerons by external force drive, the below of frame is equipped with a base, the below of entablature and the top of base are equipped with pull-up head and pull-down head respectively, the pull-down head is fixed pull-head, pull-up head is the removal pull-head, be equipped with the upper bolt of traversing its two opposite lateral walls respectively on pull-up head and the pull-down head, the connecting piece both ends that await measuring are respectively through upper bolt, lower bolt connection and loading, and be equipped with the grating chi that is used for measuring the displacement.
The lower part of the upper bolt is connected with a test pin socket, two opposite side walls of the test pin socket are provided with through holes for the test pin to penetrate, the test pin is respectively connected with the test pin socket and the lower pull head through lantern rings, the grating ruler is connected with the test pin socket through a connecting seat, and the grating ruler is connected with the connecting seat through a rotating pin.
The interference part of the lantern ring and the test pin is in curved surface contact, and the rigidity of the lantern ring is larger than that of the test pin.
The guide rod and the screw rod in the vertical direction are arranged in the slideway of the lower cross beam, the lower cross beam is driven by a servo motor and the screw rod to move up and down, and the outer end of the lower cross beam is sleeved outside the guide rod.
The joint of the guide rod and the lower cross beam is sleeved with a guide metal sleeve.
The guide rod is a smooth metal rod, the guide metal sleeve is a copper sleeve, the copper sleeve comprises a hollow base and a sleeve, a plurality of through holes are distributed in the wall of the sleeve, and a lubricating block is inlaid in each through hole.
The lubricating block is graphite.
The test device is controlled by an automatic control system, the automatic control system comprises a computer, a remote control system, a keying system and a printer, the computer, the remote control system, the keying system and the printer are all connected with the control system, three sensors for force, displacement and deformation are arranged on the test device, and the three sensors are adjusted by a signal adjusting circuit and then are converted into digital signals through an analog-to-digital converter to be connected with the control system; the system also comprises three photoelectric encoders, wherein the three photoelectric encoders are connected with the control system through the integrated signal acquisition module; the device also comprises a servo motor and an electrohydraulic servo valve which are used for driving the experimental device, wherein the servo motor and the electrohydraulic servo valve are controlled by a control system to load or unload.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the whole test device is controlled by an automatic system, and the measured data is directly read from the system, so that the automation is realized, and the accuracy of the measured result and the data is greatly improved;
2. the device can be used for testing common connecting pieces and has strong universality.
3. The precision of the grating ruler reaches more than 1 micrometer, and the probe of the grating ruler is in direct contact with the test pin, so that the displacement data of the test pin can be directly read, and the measurement error is reduced to the greatest extent.
4. One person can operate the device, so that manpower and material resources and time are saved.
5. The measurement can be repeated, with comparability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of an embodiment test pin;
fig. 4 is an electrical control schematic of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a frame, 101 is a longitudinal beam, 102 is an upper cross beam, 103 is a lower cross beam, 104 is a base, 105 is a slide way, 106 is an emergency stop button, 201 is an upper pull head, 202 is a lower pull head, 301 is an upper plug pin, 302 is a lower plug pin, 6 is a grating ruler, 601 is a connecting seat, 602 is a grating ruler sleeve, 7 is a test pin pull seat, 8 is a test pin, 9 is a sleeve ring, 10 is a guide rod, 11 is a guide metal sleeve, 1101 is a hollow base, 1102 is a sleeve, 1103 is a lubricating block, and 12 is a lead screw.
Detailed Description
Examples: see fig. 1,2,3,4.
The invention discloses a device for measuring the maximum dead load permanent deformation of a mining bolt twice by a grating scale, which comprises a frame 1, wherein the frame 1 comprises two longitudinal beams 101 and a cross beam positioned between the two longitudinal beams, the cross beam comprises an upper cross beam 102 for supporting the longitudinal beams and a lower cross beam 103 positioned below the upper cross beam 102, the lower cross beam 103 is driven by external force to slide in a slideway at the inner side of the two longitudinal beams, a base 104 is arranged below the frame 1, an upper pull head 201 and a lower pull head 202 are respectively arranged below the lower cross beam 103 and above the base 104, the lower pull head 202 is a fixed pull head, the upper pull head 201 is a movable pull head, the upper pull head 201 and the lower pull head 202 are respectively provided with an upper plug 301 and a lower plug 302 which traverse two opposite side walls of the upper pull head and the lower pull head, two ends of a connecting piece to be measured are respectively connected with the upper pull head 201 and the lower pull head 202 through the upper plug 301 and the lower plug 302 and loaded, and the grating scale 6 for measuring displacement is arranged.
The lower part of the upper plug 301 is connected with a test pin socket 7, two opposite side walls of the test pin socket 7 are provided with through holes for the test pin 8 to penetrate, the test pin 8 is respectively connected with the test pin socket 7 and the lower pull head 202 through the lantern ring 9, the grating ruler 6 is connected with the test pin socket 7 through the connecting seat 601, and the grating ruler is connected with the connecting seat through the rotating pin 602.
The interference part of the lantern ring 9 and the test pin 8 is in curved surface contact, and the rigidity of the lantern ring 9 is larger than that of the test pin.
The slide way 105 of the lower cross beam 103 is provided with a guide rod 10 and a screw rod 12 in the vertical direction, the lower cross beam 103 is driven by a servo motor and the screw rod 12 to move up and down, and the outer end of the lower cross beam 103 is sleeved outside the guide rod 10.
Test pin detection test
1) The upper and lower pull heads are firstly arranged on the upper and lower clamp seats of the testing machine, and the bolt is inserted and the lock nut is screwed.
2) The test pin pull seat is arranged on the upper pull head, and the upper plug 301 is inserted; the collar 9 is placed into the test pin holder and the test pin 8 is inserted into the holder latch hole and threaded from the collar 9.
3) And resetting the sensor force value.
4) The lower beam position is slowly adjusted so that the collar 9 is inserted into the lower slider and the upper and lower pins 302 are inserted.
5) The grating ruler sleeve 602 is screwed to the position shown in fig. 4, the position of the grating ruler is adjusted so that the probe of the grating ruler abuts against the surface of the test pin, then a fixing bolt is inserted, and a locking nut is screwed.
6) The test was started according to a test protocol edited in advance.
The mechanical transmission sequence is as follows:
servo motor, coupling, speed reducer, synchronous toothed belt, screw rod 12 and lower beam 103.
The joint of the guide rod 10 and the lower cross beam 103 is sleeved with a guide metal sleeve 11.
The guide rod 10 is a smooth metal rod, the guide metal sleeve 11 is a copper sleeve, the copper sleeve comprises a hollow base 1101 and a sleeve 1102, a plurality of through holes are distributed in the wall of the sleeve 1102, a lubricating block 1103 is inlaid in each through hole, and the lubricating block 1103 protrudes out of the inner wall of the sleeve 1102 and is attached to the guide rod 10.
The lubricating block is graphite.
The copper sleeve is adopted as the sleeve 1102, the sleeve 1102 is fixedly embedded in holes at two ends of the lower beam 103, and direct friction between the lower beam and the guide rod 10 is converted into direct friction between the inner wall of the sleeve and the guide rod 10. And graphite is inlaid in the through hole of the copper sleeve, and self-lubrication exists between the graphite and the smooth guide metal rod, so that vibration during movement of the cross beam is eliminated to the greatest extent, and the whole machine operates stably.
The test device is controlled by an automatic control system, the automatic control system comprises a computer, a remote control system, a keying system and a printer, the computer, the remote control system, the keying system and the printer are all connected with the control system, the RS232 serial port is communicated, the communication rate is 115200bps, and the anti-interference capability is strong; the test device is provided with three paths of force, displacement and deformation sensors, and the three paths of sensors are adjusted by the signal adjusting circuit and then converted into digital signals through an analog-to-digital converter to be connected with the control system; the system also comprises three photoelectric encoders, wherein the three photoelectric encoders are connected with a control system through an integrated signal acquisition module, and the three photoelectric encoders are high in precision 24Bit data acquisition system, high in resolution and high in acquisition frequency up to 1200HZ; the integrated high-speed FPGA module can realize synchronous acquisition of multiple paths of signals, and the test result is more accurate; the device also comprises a servo motor and an electrohydraulic servo valve which are used for driving the experimental device, wherein the servo motor and the electrohydraulic servo valve are controlled by a control system to load or unload. The microcomputer is used for controlling the whole test process, and the load value, the displacement value, the deformation value, the test speed and the test curve are dynamically displayed in real time. The microcomputer is adopted to process and analyze data, test results can be automatically stored, test curves can be recalled after the test is finished, and the test process is repeated through curve traversal, or curve comparison and curve amplification are carried out.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes or direct or indirect application in the relevant art utilizing the present specification and drawings are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a device of mining bolt double maximum static load permanent deformation volume is measured to grating chi, includes a frame (1), frame (1) include two longerons (101) and be located the crossbeam between two longerons, its characterized in that: the transverse beam comprises an upper transverse beam (102) for supporting longitudinal beams and a lower transverse beam (103) positioned below the upper transverse beam (102), the lower transverse beam (103) is driven by external force to slide in a slideway on the inner sides of the two longitudinal beams, a base (104) is arranged below the frame (1), an upper pull head (201) and a lower pull head (202) are respectively arranged below the lower transverse beam (103) and above the base (104), the lower pull head (202) is a fixed pull head, the upper pull head (201) is a movable pull head, an upper plug pin (301) and a lower plug pin (302) which are transversely arranged on two opposite side walls of the upper pull head (201) and the lower pull head (202) are respectively arranged on the upper pull head (202) and the lower pull head (202), two ends of a connecting piece to be detected are respectively connected with the upper plug pin (301) and the lower plug pin (302) and loaded, and a grating ruler (6) for measuring displacement is arranged; the lower part of the upper plug pin (301) is connected with a test pin pull seat (7), two opposite side walls of the test pin pull seat (7) are provided with through holes for a test pin (8) to penetrate, the test pin (8) is respectively connected with the test pin pull seat (7) and the lower pull head (202) through a lantern ring (9), the grating ruler (6) is sleeved in a grating ruler sleeve (602), the bottom of the test pin pull seat (7) is provided with a connecting seat (601), and the connecting seat (601) is connected with the grating ruler sleeve (602) through a rotating pin; the guide rod (10) and the screw rod (12) in the vertical direction are arranged in a slide way (105) of the lower cross beam (103), the lower cross beam (103) is driven by a servo motor and the screw rod (12) to move up and down, and the outer end of the lower cross beam (103) is sleeved outside the guide rod (10).
2. The device for measuring the double maximum static load permanent deformation of the mining bolt by using the grating ruler according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the interference part of the lantern ring (9) and the test pin (8) is in curved surface contact, and the rigidity of the lantern ring (9) is larger than that of the test pin.
3. The device for measuring the double maximum static load permanent deformation of the mining bolt by using the grating ruler according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the joint of the guide rod (10) and the lower cross beam (103) is sleeved with a guide metal sleeve (11).
4. A device for measuring double maximum static load permanent deformation of a mining bolt by using a grating ruler according to claim 3, wherein the device is characterized in that: the guide rod (10) is a smooth metal rod, the guide metal sleeve (11) is a copper sleeve, the copper sleeve comprises a hollow base (1101) and a sleeve (1102), a plurality of through holes are distributed in the wall of the sleeve (1102), a lubricating block is inlaid in each through hole, and the lubricating block (1103) protrudes out of the inner wall of the sleeve (1102) and is attached to the guide rod (10).
5. The device for measuring the double maximum static load permanent deformation of the mining bolt by using the grating ruler according to claim 4, wherein the device is characterized in that: the lubricating block is graphite.
6. The device for measuring the double maximum static load permanent deformation of the mining bolt by using the grating scale according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the device comprises the following components: the test device is controlled by an automatic control system, the automatic control system comprises a computer, a remote control system, a keying system and a printer, the computer, the remote control system, the keying system and the printer are all connected with the control system, three sensors for force, displacement and deformation are arranged on the test device, and the three sensors are adjusted by a signal adjusting circuit and then are converted into digital signals through an analog-to-digital converter to be connected with the control system; the system also comprises three photoelectric encoders, wherein the three photoelectric encoders are connected with the control system through the integrated signal acquisition module; the device also comprises a servo motor and an electrohydraulic servo valve which are used for driving the experimental device, wherein the servo motor and the electrohydraulic servo valve are controlled by a control system to load or unload.
CN201711297564.6A 2017-12-08 2017-12-08 Device for measuring double maximum static load permanent deformation of mining bolt by grating ruler Active CN107806835B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108801803A (en) * 2018-08-09 2018-11-13 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Mine car bolt bending resistance detection method and mine car bolt bending resistance detection device
CN112113849A (en) * 2020-09-08 2020-12-22 天津大学 Method for applying initial defects of submarine pipeline

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2674430Y (en) * 2003-03-25 2005-01-26 上海华龙测试仪器有限公司 Microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester
CN101051012A (en) * 2007-05-14 2007-10-10 北京联合大学 Hydraulic universal test machine for actively loading at two ends of test piece
CN205157308U (en) * 2015-11-02 2016-04-13 上海华龙测试仪器股份有限公司 Electron universal tester's high strength fixture
WO2017107362A1 (en) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-29 吉林大学 Material property testing apparatus and method for in situ combined mechanical, electrical, thermal, and magnetic testing in composite load mode
CN207717042U (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-08-10 江西省煤炭工业科学研究所 The device of optical grating ruler measurement is mining two times of maximum static lotus set deformation volumes of bolt

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2674430Y (en) * 2003-03-25 2005-01-26 上海华龙测试仪器有限公司 Microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester
CN101051012A (en) * 2007-05-14 2007-10-10 北京联合大学 Hydraulic universal test machine for actively loading at two ends of test piece
CN205157308U (en) * 2015-11-02 2016-04-13 上海华龙测试仪器股份有限公司 Electron universal tester's high strength fixture
WO2017107362A1 (en) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-29 吉林大学 Material property testing apparatus and method for in situ combined mechanical, electrical, thermal, and magnetic testing in composite load mode
CN207717042U (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-08-10 江西省煤炭工业科学研究所 The device of optical grating ruler measurement is mining two times of maximum static lotus set deformation volumes of bolt

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