CN109848470B - Method for processing middle-high speed crankshaft crank neck unloading groove - Google Patents
Method for processing middle-high speed crankshaft crank neck unloading groove Download PDFInfo
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- CN109848470B CN109848470B CN201910176925.4A CN201910176925A CN109848470B CN 109848470 B CN109848470 B CN 109848470B CN 201910176925 A CN201910176925 A CN 201910176925A CN 109848470 B CN109848470 B CN 109848470B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for processing a middle-high speed crankshaft crank neck unloading groove. The crankshaft rotates around the center of the main journal, the milling cutter body rotates along with the crankshaft crank journal in a follow-up manner, and the arc blade rotates at high speed to cut; cutting from an oblique cone section to an arc section of the concave ear-shaped unloading groove to perform profiling finish milling, and reserving 1mm of allowance; the crankshaft completes one-circle rotation, the pressing cutter is used for one time, and the copying pressing cutter frequency is based on that the roughness of an unloading groove after copying finish milling reaches more than Ra3.2. When the milling cutter is used, the milling cutter body is milled in a follow-up mode, so that the vibration and the deformation of a workpiece are reduced, and the errors generated by the eccentric distance and the rotation angle of the workpiece are reduced. The unloading groove processed by the invention has high dimensional precision, the tolerance reaches 0.2mm, the roughness after turning and milling processing is more than Ra3.2, the roughness after polishing can reach Ra0.63, and the quality is stable and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for processing a middle-high speed crankshaft crank neck unloading groove.
Background
The middle-high speed crankshaft is firstly developed, an unloading groove (shown in figure 1) on a crankshaft crank neck is in a shape that an arc section 9 is connected with a conical surface, a concave crank arm is deep, the requirement on roughness is high, and the fatigue strength and the service life of the crankshaft can be directly influenced by the shape and the roughness of the machined unloading groove. The center of the crank neck deviates from the center of the main journal, so the crank neck unloading groove can not be turned by a common lathe. The traditional method for machining the crank neck unloading groove is to turn on a numerical control crankshaft lathe, the eccentricity needs to be adjusted manually through a tool during turning on the crankshaft lathe, and the multi-crank neck unloading groove needs to be adjusted continuously during turning. In addition, due to the centrifugal force, the rotating speed is low during cutting, meanwhile, the turning tool rod is too long in overhanging and poor in rigidity of the tool rod, so that the cutting amount and the processing feed amount are low, the processing efficiency of the unloading groove processed by the traditional method is low, the processing quality is not high, and the polishing amount of later manual grinding is large.
The unloading groove on the crank neck of the medium-high speed crankshaft is processed according to the traditional method, the total time from blank to finish machining and post-polishing is about 6 days, the tolerance reaches 0.3mm, the roughness of turning is Ra6.3, and the roughness of polished is Ra1.6.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for processing a middle-high speed crankshaft crank neck unloading groove, which has high processing efficiency, high dimensional precision and high roughness and stable and reliable quality.
The invention aims to realize a method for processing a middle-high speed crankshaft crank neck unloading groove, which comprises the following specific steps:
1) clamping a crankshaft on a turning and milling center, installing an anti-vibration milling cutter rod on a cutter frame, and installing a milling cutter disc provided with a plurality of arc milling blades on the anti-vibration milling cutter rod;
2) installing a milling cutter body consisting of a vibration-proof milling cutter rod, a milling cutter disc and an arc blade, and after the installation is finished, adjusting the position of the vibration-proof milling cutter rod to enable the vibration-proof milling cutter rod and a crank arm to deflect by an angle of 1 DEG, so that the milling cutter disc and a crank neck of a crankshaft are prevented from colliding during turning and milling;
3) firstly, rough milling is carried out, a crankshaft rotates around the center of a main journal, a milling cutter body rotates along with the crank journal of the crankshaft in a follow-up mode, and meanwhile, a milling cutter disc rotates at a high speed to drive an arc blade to rotate at a high speed for cutting; during rough milling cutting, firstly, starting from the oblique cone section of the concave ear-shaped unloading groove to the end of the arc section, repeating three times of plunge cutting rough milling amount, and reserving 1mm of allowance;
the rough milling cut-in cutting parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of a spindle of a turn-milling machine tool, namely the rotating speed n of a crankshaft is approximately equal to 2r/min, the rotating speed n of a milling cutter disc is 700r/min, the cutting depth ap is 2-3 mm, and the feeding amount f is 0.4 mm/r;
4) carrying out profiling finish milling on the unloading groove with 1mm of allowance left in the step 3), wherein the profiling finish milling starts from an oblique cone section to an arc section of the unloading groove; the workpiece completes one-circle rotation, the pressing cutter is used for one time, and the copying pressing cutter frequency is based on that the roughness of an unloading groove after copying finish milling reaches more than Ra3.2;
the cutting parameters of the profiling finish milling are as follows: the crankshaft speed n is 2r/min, the milling cutter head speed n is 850r/min, the cutting depth ap is 1mm, and the feed amount f is 0.3 mm/r.
During machining, the crankshaft rotates around the center of the main journal, the milling cutter body rotates along with the center of the crank journal of the crankshaft, and the arc blade rotates at a high speed to cut.
The medium-high speed crankshaft unloading groove processed by the method has high dimensional precision, the tolerance reaches 0.2mm, the roughness Ra3.2 is higher than that of the machined medium-high speed crankshaft unloading groove after turning and milling, the roughness Ra0.63 can be achieved after polishing, and the quality is stable and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a crankshaft and milling cutter body mounting view,
figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a crank throw relief groove,
FIG. 3 is a drawing of the profile finish milling of the crank throw neck relief groove.
Detailed Description
The invention adopts a turning and milling mode, and performs rough milling and profiling finish milling on a crank neck unloading groove 4 of a medium and high speed machine by a cutter body consisting of an anti-vibration milling cutter rod 6, a milling cutter disk 5 and an arc blade 7.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The processing method of the middle-high speed crankshaft crank neck unloading groove comprises the following specific steps:
1) the crankshaft is clamped on a turning and milling center, an anti-vibration milling cutter rod 6 is installed on a cutter frame, and a milling cutter head 5 provided with a plurality of arc blades 7 is installed on the anti-vibration milling cutter rod (see figure 1). A plurality of arc blades 7 arranged on the milling cutter disc can be processed simultaneously, and the processing efficiency is high.
2) Installing a milling cutter body consisting of a vibration-proof milling cutter rod 6, a milling cutter disc 5 and an arc blade 7, and after the installation is finished, adjusting the position of the vibration-proof milling cutter rod 6 to enable the vibration-proof milling cutter rod 6 and a crank arm 3 to deflect by an angle of 1 degree, so that the milling cutter disc 5 is prevented from colliding with a crank neck 1 of a crankshaft during turning and milling;
3) firstly, rough milling is carried out, a crankshaft rotates around the center of a main journal 2, a milling cutter body rotates along with the crankshaft crank journal 1 in a follow-up mode, and meanwhile, a milling cutter disc 5 rotates at a high speed to drive an arc blade 7 to rotate at a high speed for cutting; during rough milling cutting, firstly, starting from the oblique cone section 8 of the concave ear-shaped unloading groove 4 to the circular arc section 9, repeating three times of plunge cutting for rough milling amount, and reserving 1mm of allowance;
the rough milling cut-in cutting parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of a spindle of the turn-milling machine tool, namely the rotating speed n of a crankshaft is approximately equal to 2r/min, the rotating speed n of a milling cutter disc is 700r/min, the cutting depth ap is 2-3 mm, and the feeding amount f is 0.4 mm/r. The depth of the rough milling circular arc blade 7 after cutting in each time needs to be not more than 1/2 of the radius of the circular arc blade 7, otherwise, scrap iron cannot be discharged, and the clamping of the cutter is caused.
4) Carrying out profiling finish milling on the unloading groove with the remaining 1mm of allowance, wherein the profiling finish milling starts from an inclined conical section 8 of the unloading groove to an arc section 9 (see figures 2 and 3); the workpiece completes one-circle rotation, the pressing cutter is used for one time, and the copying pressing cutter frequency is based on that the roughness of the unloading groove after copying finish milling reaches more than Ra3.2.
The cutting parameters of the profile modeling finish milling cut-in type are as follows: the crankshaft speed n is approximately equal to 2r/min, the milling cutter head speed n is 850r/min, the cutting depth ap is 1mm, and the feed amount f is 0.3 mm/r.
The invention is suitable for processing the medium-high speed crankshaft unloading grooves of various models, the size precision of the medium-high speed crankshaft unloading grooves processed by the invention is high, the total time from blank to finish machining and post-polishing is about four days, the tolerance is only 0.2mm, the roughness of turning and milling is only more than Ra3.2, the roughness Ra of the unloading grooves after polishing is only more than 0.63, and the quality is stable and reliable.
Claims (2)
1. A processing method of a middle-high speed crankshaft crank neck unloading groove is characterized in that: the processing method comprises the following specific steps:
1) clamping a crankshaft on a turning and milling center, installing an anti-vibration milling cutter rod on a cutter frame, and installing a milling cutter disc provided with a plurality of arc milling blades on the anti-vibration milling cutter rod;
2) installing a milling cutter body consisting of a vibration-proof milling cutter rod, a milling cutter disc and an arc blade, and after the installation is finished, adjusting the position of the vibration-proof milling cutter rod to enable the vibration-proof milling cutter rod and a crank arm to deflect by an angle of 1 DEG, so that the milling cutter disc and a crank neck of a crankshaft are prevented from colliding during turning and milling;
3) firstly, rough milling is carried out, a crankshaft rotates around the center of a main journal, a milling cutter body rotates along with the crank journal of the crankshaft in a follow-up mode, and meanwhile, a milling cutter disc rotates at a high speed to drive an arc blade to rotate at a high speed for cutting; during rough milling cutting, firstly, starting from the oblique cone section of the concave ear-shaped unloading groove to the end of the arc section, repeating three times of plunge cutting rough milling amount, and reserving 1mm of allowance;
the rough milling cut-in cutting parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of a spindle of a turn-milling machine tool, namely the rotating speed n of a crankshaft is approximately equal to 2r/min, the rotating speed n of a milling cutter disc is 700r/min, the cutting depth ap is 2-3 mm, and the feeding amount f is 0.4 mm/r;
4) carrying out profiling finish milling on the unloading groove with 1mm of allowance left in the step 3), wherein the profiling finish milling starts from an oblique cone section to an arc section of the unloading groove; the workpiece completes one-circle rotation, the pressing cutter is used for one time, and the copying pressing cutter frequency is based on that the roughness of an unloading groove after copying finish milling reaches more than Ra3.2;
the cutting parameters of the profiling finish milling are as follows: the crankshaft speed n is 2r/min, the milling cutter head speed n is 850r/min, the cutting depth ap is 1mm, and the feed amount f is 0.3 mm/r.
2. The processing method of the middle-high speed crankshaft crank neck unloading groove according to claim 1 is characterized in that: and 3) the depth of the roughly milled arc blade after cutting in each time is not more than 1/2 of the radius of the arc blade.
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| CN201910176925.4A CN109848470B (en) | 2019-03-08 | 2019-03-08 | Method for processing middle-high speed crankshaft crank neck unloading groove |
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| CN201910176925.4A CN109848470B (en) | 2019-03-08 | 2019-03-08 | Method for processing middle-high speed crankshaft crank neck unloading groove |
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| CN109848470B true CN109848470B (en) | 2020-07-24 |
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Citations (8)
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| CN101448593A (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2009-06-03 | 奈尔斯-西蒙斯工业设备有限责任公司 | Method of machining the bearing seats of the main and rod bearings of crankshafts |
| DE102010025132A1 (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-02-03 | Volkswagen Ag | Method for manufacturing workpiece i.e. crankshaft of internal combustion engine in passenger car from casted or forged workpiece to final contour, involves machining workpiece with predetermined offset and polishing workpiece up to contour |
| CN102941450A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-02-27 | 重庆跃进机械厂有限公司 | Method for processing shaft parts with phase angles |
| CN202845883U (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2013-04-03 | 山东华盛农业药械有限责任公司 | Double-station automatic-cycle milling crankshaft semi-circle keyway device |
| CN103998178A (en) * | 2011-09-18 | 2014-08-20 | 美艾格工业自动化系统股份有限公司 | Method and device for finishing workpieces |
| CN104339010A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-02-11 | 陕西柴油机重工有限公司 | Crankshaft crank pin transition round corner milling processing equipment and method |
| CN105081679A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-11-25 | 陕西柴油机重工有限公司 | Crankshaft processing method |
| CN205165997U (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-20 | 浙江金兰汽车零部件有限公司 | Crankshaft milling machine |
-
2019
- 2019-03-08 CN CN201910176925.4A patent/CN109848470B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101448593A (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2009-06-03 | 奈尔斯-西蒙斯工业设备有限责任公司 | Method of machining the bearing seats of the main and rod bearings of crankshafts |
| DE102010025132A1 (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-02-03 | Volkswagen Ag | Method for manufacturing workpiece i.e. crankshaft of internal combustion engine in passenger car from casted or forged workpiece to final contour, involves machining workpiece with predetermined offset and polishing workpiece up to contour |
| CN103998178A (en) * | 2011-09-18 | 2014-08-20 | 美艾格工业自动化系统股份有限公司 | Method and device for finishing workpieces |
| CN202845883U (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2013-04-03 | 山东华盛农业药械有限责任公司 | Double-station automatic-cycle milling crankshaft semi-circle keyway device |
| CN102941450A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-02-27 | 重庆跃进机械厂有限公司 | Method for processing shaft parts with phase angles |
| CN104339010A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-02-11 | 陕西柴油机重工有限公司 | Crankshaft crank pin transition round corner milling processing equipment and method |
| CN105081679A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-11-25 | 陕西柴油机重工有限公司 | Crankshaft processing method |
| CN205165997U (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-20 | 浙江金兰汽车零部件有限公司 | Crankshaft milling machine |
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| CN109848470A (en) | 2019-06-07 |
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