CN109848429B - Combined device for preparing spherical metal powder by using gas atomization method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined device for preparing spherical metal powder by using a gas atomization method, which comprises more than two gas atomization smelting furnaces of different types, wherein each smelting furnace is detachably connected with more than two atomization towers correspondingly, each atomization tower is provided with a detachable powder collecting device, the combined device also comprises an annular guide rail, the annular guide rail is provided with a movable support corresponding to the atomization tower, each atomization tower is arranged on each movable support in a penetrating way, and the gas atomization smelting furnaces of more than two different types are arranged above the guide rail in a distributed and erected mode. The combined device is not limited by the production conditions of a single gas atomization smelting furnace and an atomization tower, and different gas atomization smelting furnaces or atomization towers can be rapidly selected to be configured. Under the condition of ensuring the purity and the morphology of the powder, the production of various kinds of powder can be carried out in the same production system, and the production efficiency and the equipment utilization rate are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a combined device for preparing spherical metal powder by using a gas atomization method.
Background
As technology matures, 3D metal printing is increasingly applicable, including: there is a need in many areas of aviation, automotive, medical, molding, machinery, jewelry, etc., and many large-brand car factories abroad have been using technologies including 3D metal printing to manufacture spare parts. 3D metal printing technology is continuously introduced into various high-value-added industries to meet market demands. The 3D metal printing market is projected to exceed 20 billion dollars by 2023 according to relevant market research reports. It is therefore foreseeable that the market for 3D metal printing raw materials will also grow substantially in the future.
The gas atomization system is a relatively efficient 3D printing fine metal powder manufacturing method, and the basic principle of the gas atomization system is a process of crushing a molten metal flow at high temperature into small liquid drops by using a high-speed gas flow and solidifying the small liquid drops into powder. The prepared powder has the advantages of high purity, low oxygen content, controllable powder granularity, high sphericity, low production cost and the like, and becomes the main development direction of the preparation technology of high-performance and special alloy powder.
However, the required melting equipment varies due to the different characteristics of the different metals. For example, gas atomization technology based on graphite/ceramic crucible is a common way of melting metal powder, and is suitable for metal powder such as stainless steel, but this technology is not suitable for producing titanium powder with more active chemistry, because they react with the crucible in the process of high-temperature melting due to their own characteristics, thereby mixing with a large amount of impurities, greatly reducing the purity of the powder and the quality of the final printed product. Meanwhile, the aerosol technology of graphite/ceramic crucibles is not suitable for aluminum alloys because such materials are prone to agglomeration due to uneven mixing of components during crucible melting, and also have a great impact on powder quality. Therefore, the metal material with the characteristics is more suitable for smelting by a crucible-free gas atomization technology, the technology is a process of lowering a slowly rotating cylindrical metal electrode into an annular induction coil and melting the electrode from the tail end, the uniformity of mixing different components of raw materials can be improved, local concentrated melting is realized, meanwhile, the contact between metal and a crucible is avoided, and the uniformity and the purity of powder are ensured. When the high-temperature alloy is smelted and the requirements on the fine powder yield and the powder solidity are higher, the plasma atomization method is more applicable. The plasma atomization technology is a process of melting metal wire materials by adopting a plasma focus up to approximately 10000 ℃. The wire material is high in melting efficiency, the fine powder yield can be more ideal, and the hollow powder is less. The metal melt is easily adhered to the tower wall in the process that the atomizing tower is atomized by high-speed gas or cooled into spherical powder, in order to prevent pollution among different powders, a manufacturer often needs to purchase or assemble a plurality of complete gas atomizing systems to produce the metal powder of different raw materials in actual production, and because the cost of gas atomizing equipment is higher, the production flexibility or profit space of the manufacturer is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a combined device for preparing spherical metal powder by using an air atomization method, so that the utilization rate of equipment is improved, and various kinds of powder can be produced only by replacing different atomization towers.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an utilize gas atomization method preparation spherical metal powder's composite set, includes the gas atomization smelting pot of two above different grade types, and every smelting pot can be dismantled to correspond to connect and be equipped with the atomizing tower more than two, and every atomizing tower all has can dismantle and receive the powder device, composite set still includes ring rail, the last movable support that corresponds with the atomizing tower that is provided with of ring rail, each atomizing tower is worn to establish on each movable support, the gas atomization smelting pot of two above different grade types distributes and erects in the guide rail top.
Further, the gas atomization smelting furnace is any two or three of a plasma gas atomization smelting furnace, a vacuum gas atomization smelting furnace or a crucible-free gas atomization smelting furnace. The atomizing towers detachably and correspondingly connected with the vacuum gas atomization smelting furnace are any two or three of atomizing towers for treating stainless steel, maraging steel or copper materials. The atomization towers detachably and correspondingly connected with the crucible-free gas atomization smelting furnace are any two or three of the atomization towers for treating titanium alloy, aluminum alloy or zirconium-based alloy materials. The atomization towers detachably and correspondingly connected with the plasma gas atomization smelting furnace are any two or three of the atomization towers for treating tungsten, silicon carbide or magnesium oxide materials. The gas atomization smelting furnace is erected above the guide rail through a platform. The movable support comprises a trolley for driving the atomizing tower to move along the guide rail and a lifting mechanism for driving the atomizing tower to move up and down, and the trolley and the lifting mechanism are connected with a controller. And a high-speed water gun and a high-speed air gun are arranged in the atomizing tower.
The invention has the advantages that the device is not limited by the production conditions of a single gas atomization smelting furnace or an atomization tower, and different gas atomization smelting furnaces or atomization towers can be rapidly selected for configuration. Under the condition of ensuring the purity and the morphology of the powder, the production of various types of powder can be carried out in the same production system, the problem that the traditional gas atomization system equipment can only produce single type of metal powder is solved, the production efficiency and the equipment utilization rate are improved, the occupied space of the equipment is saved to a certain extent, and the market demand of service diversification which is gradually enlarged is met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an assembly apparatus for preparing spherical metal powder by using an atomization method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of an assembly for producing spherical metal powder by gas atomization, according to the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an assembly apparatus for preparing spherical metal powder by using an atomization method according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the operation flow and technical scheme of the present invention clearer, the following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles and processes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the inventive concept and technical features involved in the various implementation steps of the present invention described below also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the combined device of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for preparing spherical metal powder by gas atomization according to the present invention comprises: the device comprises a general vacuum gas atomization smelting furnace 1, a crucible-free gas atomization smelting furnace 2, a plasma gas atomization smelting furnace 3, a first atomization tower combination 4, a second atomization tower combination 5, a third atomization tower combination 6, a movable support 7, a ring-shaped guide rail 8, a powder collecting tank 9 and a platform 10.
In the present embodiment, a vacuum atomization furnace 1, a crucible-less atomization furnace 2, and a plasma atomization furnace 3 are respectively fixed on a platform 10 and distributed along the upper side of the circular guide. The first atomizing tower assembly 4 comprises three atomizing towers, each for melting a different material: stainless steel, maraging steel and copper, suitable for use with a conventional vacuum atomization furnace 1. The second atomization tower combination 5 comprises three atomization towers which are respectively used for smelting titanium alloy, aluminum alloy and zirconium-based alloy, and is suitable for being matched with the crucible-free gas atomization smelting furnace 2. The third atomization tower combination 6 comprises three atomization towers which can respectively smelt tungsten, silicon carbide and magnesium oxide and is suitable for the plasma gas atomization smelting furnace 3. Each atomizing tower is detachably connected with the corresponding gas atomizing smelting furnace.
Further, each atomization tower is arranged on the annular rail 8 through the movable support 7. The mobile carriage 7 comprises a trolley and a lifting mechanism (not shown in the figures). The trolley drives the atomizing tower to move on the annular track 8, and the lifting mechanism drives the atomizing tower to move up and down. The trolley and the lifting mechanism are connected with a controller so as to be controlled to move automatically. The movable support of the present invention can be implemented by any structure known in the art that can implement the corresponding function.
Similarly, to avoid contamination, each atomizing tower has its corresponding powder collecting device, i.e., powder collecting tank 9. And a high-speed water gun 11 and a high-speed air gun 12 are arranged in each atomizing tower and used for cleaning the atomizing towers after each use.
The combined device of the embodiment of the invention can allow three gas atomization production methods of general vacuum gas atomization, crucible-free gas atomization and plasma gas atomization to smelt metal powder, and the detailed operation method is shown in the following concrete operation methods, wherein the following devices are only examples in the use process, and can be actually combined according to needs.
As shown in fig. 1, the mobile carriage 7 rests on a circular guide 8 consisting of two rails, above which is a platform 10 that serves as a support structure for supporting three melting furnaces to connect them to the atomizing tower. Because of guaranteeing that the atomizing tower can carry out the high-speed joint smoothly with the smelting pot at the removal in-process, so the position department that three smelting pot are fixed is directly over the guide rail, ensures that the atomizing tower is in the smelting pot all the time under at the in-process that removes, and the inside detection device that embeds of atomizing tower simultaneously can monitor whether atomizing tower and smelting pot aim at and send the suggestion at the in-process that removes, makes things convenient for atomizing tower and smelting pot to be fixed and installation fast.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the whole apparatus, and a general vacuum gas atomization melting furnace 1 can be correspondingly connected with three atomization towers in a first atomization tower combination 4, a crucible-free gas atomization melting furnace 2 can be correspondingly connected with three atomization towers in a second atomization tower combination 5, and a plasma gas atomization melting furnace 3 can be correspondingly connected with three atomization towers in a third atomization tower combination 6.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the apparatus assembly of a general vacuum atomization melting furnace 1. When stainless steel powder is required to be produced by smelting, the controller is used for moving the movable support 7 and the corresponding atomizing tower in the first atomizing tower assembly 4 to the position right below the common vacuum gas atomizing smelting furnace 1, the detection device is used for prompting whether the atomizing tower is aligned, the atomizing tower is lifted and then is connected and fixed with the common vacuum gas atomizing smelting furnace 1 through the device through the automatic lifting mechanism in the movable support 7, and then the atomizing tower is connected with the corresponding powder receiving tank 9 at the bottom; when another powder, such as maraging steel powder, needs to be produced, the connecting device between the atomizing tower for atomizing the stainless steel powder and the melting furnace and the corresponding powder receiving tank 9 is disassembled, and then the atomizing tower for atomizing the maraging steel powder in the first atomizing tower assembly 4 is moved to the lower part of the common vacuum atomization melting furnace 1 and is respectively connected and fixed with the common vacuum atomization melting furnace 1 and the corresponding powder receiving tank 9. And carrying out a series of powder preparation processes such as vacuumizing, high-temperature heating of raw materials, atomization, powder collection and the like on the connected whole set of device. The atomizing towers in the first atomizing tower assembly 4 suitable for the common vacuum gas atomization smelting furnace 1 are respectively responsible for different metal atomization without cleaning. Not only avoids the pollution among different metal powders, but also greatly improves the use efficiency of the equipment while reducing the space use.
Similarly, when the crucible-free gas atomization furnace 2 or the plasma gas atomization furnace 3 is used for production, the material to be smelted is determined, and then the corresponding atomization tower is moved to the lower part of the furnace and is fixedly connected with the furnace and the corresponding powder collection tank 9. Smelting and corresponding atomization of the three smelting furnaces can be carried out simultaneously, and the production efficiency is improved.
When some new materials need to be produced, after a proper smelting furnace is determined, after one of the atomizing towers in the atomizing tower combination corresponding to the smelting furnace is selected, the atomizing tower is cleaned and dried by the high-speed water gun 11 and the high-speed air gun 12 which are matched with the corresponding atomizing tower, the high-speed water gun 11 and the high-speed air gun 12 can move at 360 degrees at will up and down, and the wind speed and the water speed can be adjusted at will, so that efficient cleaning and ventilation are guaranteed. The dried and cleaned atomizing tower can be connected with a smelting furnace and a corresponding powder collecting tank 9 to start the new material smelting and atomizing process. The flexibility of atomizing tower change has been guaranteed, the rate of utilization of equipment has further been improved.
The invention is based on the embodiments and is not limited thereto, which are explained in detail and disclosed with reference to the drawings. It will be understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains that various modifications may be made without departing from the true scope and spirit of the invention as claimed in the claims. Therefore, various modifications to the present invention are to be construed as covering all the embodiments within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A combined device for preparing spherical metal powder by using an air atomization method comprises three different types of air atomization smelting furnaces, and is characterized in that more than two atomization towers are detachably and correspondingly connected to each smelting furnace, each atomization tower is provided with a detachable powder collecting device, the combined device further comprises an annular guide rail, a movable support corresponding to each atomization tower is arranged on the annular guide rail, each atomization tower penetrates through each movable support, and the three different types of air atomization smelting furnaces are arranged above the guide rail in a distributed mode; the three different types of gas atomization smelting furnaces are a plasma gas atomization smelting furnace, a vacuum gas atomization smelting furnace and a crucible-free gas atomization smelting furnace; the movable support comprises a trolley for driving the atomizing tower to move along the guide rail and a lifting mechanism for driving the atomizing tower to move up and down, and the trolley and the lifting mechanism are connected with a controller.
2. The combination apparatus for preparing spherical metal powder by gas atomization according to claim 1, wherein the atomization towers detachably connected with the vacuum gas atomization furnace are any two or three of atomization towers for processing stainless steel, maraging steel or copper material.
3. The combined apparatus for preparing spherical metal powder by gas atomization according to claim 1, wherein the atomization towers detachably connected with the crucible-free gas atomization furnace are any two or three of atomization towers for processing titanium alloy, aluminum alloy or zirconium-based alloy materials.
4. The combined apparatus for preparing spherical metal powder by gas atomization according to claim 1, wherein the atomization towers detachably connected with the plasma gas atomization furnace are any two or three of atomization towers for processing tungsten, silicon carbide or magnesium oxide materials.
5. The combination of claim 1, wherein the atomizing furnace is mounted above the guide rail by a platform.
6. The combined apparatus for preparing spherical metal powder by using gas atomization method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a high-speed water gun and a high-speed air gun are arranged in the atomization tower.
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| CN112279254B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2022-07-15 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Preparation method of silicon carbide powder and silicon carbide powder |
| CN113427010A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-24 | 江苏威拉里新材料科技有限公司 | Combined device for preparing spherical metal powder by using gas atomization method |
| CN115070049B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2023-07-04 | 季华实验室 | Automatic tundish lifting mechanism for metal atomization |
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| CN204545419U (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-08-12 | 沈阳好智多新材料制备技术有限公司 | A kind of high vacuum induction is without crucible and have crucible inert gas atomizer powder manufacturing apparatus |
| CN106077685B (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-06-01 | 湖南久泰冶金科技有限公司 | A kind of vacuum melting gas-atomized powder equipment |
| CN106938339A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-11 | 湖南旭博冶金科技有限公司 | A kind of efficient gas-atomized powder equipment of big yield |
| CN107999775A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-08 | 广州纳联材料科技有限公司 | Apparatus for preparing metal powder and method |
| CN208483225U (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-02-12 | 中山市恒翔不锈钢丸有限公司 | Stainless steel pellet atomization plant |
| CN208356787U (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南行者环保科技有限公司 | A kind of high-temperature spray consersion unit |
| CN209614259U (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-11-12 | 香港生产力促进局 | A kind of combination unit preparing globular metallic powder using gas atomization |
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