CN109846577B - Intra-lumen anchoring catheter - Google Patents

Intra-lumen anchoring catheter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109846577B
CN109846577B CN201711240933.8A CN201711240933A CN109846577B CN 109846577 B CN109846577 B CN 109846577B CN 201711240933 A CN201711240933 A CN 201711240933A CN 109846577 B CN109846577 B CN 109846577B
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catheter
anchor
anchoring
catheter tube
tube
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CN109846577A (en
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李阳
张庭超
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Hangzhou Wei Qiang Medical Technology Co ltd
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Hangzhou Wei Qiang Medical Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses an intracavity anchoring catheter which comprises a hollow catheter tube and an anchoring piece arranged at the far end of the catheter tube, wherein the anchoring piece is expanded outwards in a radial direction from the catheter tube in a natural state, the anchoring piece is provided with a through hole coaxial with a far end opening of the catheter tube, and the anchoring piece is provided with at least one hole which axially penetrates through the anchoring piece. The invention relates to an intracavity anchoring catheter, wherein the inner cavity of the catheter provides a channel for other instruments to pass through, and an anchoring device at the far end of the catheter can limit the catheter and the instruments in the catheter from radial deflection, and meanwhile, the normal circulation of blood of a blood vessel where the intracavity anchoring catheter is positioned is not influenced.

Description

Intra-lumen anchoring catheter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, relates to an intracavity interventional instrument, and particularly relates to an intracavity anchoring catheter.
Background
With the continuous development of endovascular reconstructive surgery, the application of covered stents is also increasing. However, the use of stent grafts in specific locations can affect the blood supply to arterial branches. Such as: aortic arch, celiac arterial trunk, bilateral renal arteries, superior mesenteric arteries, etc., the use of stent grafts at these sites is greatly limited. In the prior art, the adaptation to different individual patient differences is generally performed by surgical modifications (e.g. hybridization surgery) or by instrument modifications (e.g. modular stents, pre-windowed stents, branched stents, multi-layered bare stents). However, in most cases of aortic arch lesion positions, the anatomical structure of the aortic arch is extremely complex, and the individual differences are obvious, so that the technical scheme is difficult to implement smoothly.
In-situ windowing of a stent graft is an evolving technique, specifically, energy windowing modes such as laser, radio frequency, thermocouple and the like are adopted, and the stent graft is ablated by energy to generate expected holes. This approach requires high equipment requirements, if the energy is too high, the stent coating carbonizes, and its decomposition products may trigger thrombosis; but the energy is insufficient, and the expected windowing effect is not achieved. And simultaneously, the energy burns the stent coating and simultaneously can cause the damage of surrounding tissues.
Mechanical windowing is a relatively conservative and safe way of windowing. For example, one stent-in-situ fenestration technique disclosed in the prior art involves puncturing the stent graft with a hollow needle with a guidewire, then withdrawing the needle, and using a cutting balloon to access the stent graft along the guidewire for expansion. The defect is that the puncture needle is positioned in a dynamic blood vessel, the central position of the opening of the branch blood vessel can not be accurately and rapidly found, and the surrounding blood vessel is easy to puncture or damage.
In order to solve the positioning problem of the puncture needle, the prior art has an in-situ fenestration balloon needle which mainly comprises a puncture pushing rod, the puncture needle, an expansion balloon, a balloon catheter tube body and an outer sheath tube. The puncture assembly is conveyed to a designated position through the outer sheath tube, after the needle head of the puncture needle punctures the tectorial membrane bracket, the puncture instrument is continuously pushed, and then the filling saccule expands the puncture point, so that in-situ windowing is realized. The technical scheme has the following problems: the puncture point cannot be ensured to be positioned at the central position of the opening of the branch blood vessel; without a guidewire lumen, even if the puncture and expansion were successful, the exchange of the guidewire would be difficult and the puncture point would not be found retrograde.
In addition, in the prior art, an anchor saccule is adopted to be fixed at the position of a branch blood vessel, a puncture needle head punctures a tectorial membrane bracket under the pushing of a puncture needle rod, and then a puncture point of an expander is used for expanding and then a guide wire is fed, so that the in-situ windowing is realized. The positioning of the puncture needle is improved to a certain extent by the auxiliary positioning of the anchoring saccule in the technology, and the defects of the scheme are as follows: the force of the puncture needle for puncturing the tectorial membrane is usually 3-7N, so that in the puncture process, the puncture needle has a reverse withdrawal force, and the balloon body has a smoother surface, so that axial displacement easily occurs on a smoother vascular wall, thereby causing the puncture needle to be withdrawn continuously, and the tectorial membrane is difficult to puncture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the technical problems of the prior art and provides the intracavity anchoring catheter which can ensure that the puncture needle aims at the puncture point, prevent the puncture needle from withdrawing in the puncture process and does not influence the blood supply of the blood vessel.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an endoluminal anchoring catheter comprising a hollow catheter tube and an anchor disposed at a distal end of the catheter tube. The anchor is expanded radially outward from the catheter tube in a natural state. The anchor is provided with a through hole coaxial with the distal opening of the catheter tube, and the anchor is provided with at least one aperture axially extending through the anchor.
In the intraluminal anchoring catheter, it is preferable that the anchor is axisymmetric about a central axis of the catheter tube, and that the proximal end or/and the distal end of the anchor is fixed to the catheter tube.
In the intraluminal anchoring catheter, the anchor is preferably made of a material having a shape memory function.
In the intraluminal anchoring catheter, the anchor preferably has a mesh body formed of a plurality of mesh wires.
In the intra-cavity anchoring catheter, preferably, the mesh body is a columnar body structure, a disc-shaped body structure or an umbrella-shaped body structure.
In the intraluminal anchoring catheter, preferably, the anchoring member is composed of a plurality of struts axially symmetrically disposed at the distal end of the catheter tube, and each of the struts extends circumferentially from the distal end of the catheter tube.
In the intracavity anchoring catheter, two adjacent struts are preferably connected radially through a connecting rod to form a cross-linking structure;
or each supporting rod and the adjacent supporting rod are combined to form a cross-linked structure;
or each branch extending from the distal end of the catheter tube is bifurcated to form two branch branches, which are recombined to form a cross-linked structure.
In the intraluminal anchoring catheter, preferably the struts extend distally from the catheter tube and gradually evert proximally.
In the intra-cavity anchoring catheter, preferably, the catheter body comprises an inner tube and an outer tube which are coaxially arranged, wherein the inner tube is movably arranged in the outer tube in a penetrating manner, and the inner tube moves along the axial direction relative to the outer tube; the distal end of the anchor is secured to the distal end of the inner tube and the proximal end of the anchor is secured to the proximal end of the outer tube.
In the intraluminal anchoring catheter, the anchoring member is preferably formed by a plurality of braided wires which are interlaced or cut from a tubular body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) The anchoring catheter is adopted to assist the puncture of the puncture needle, the anchoring piece can limit the radial movement of the distal end of the puncture needle, and the puncture accuracy is improved.
(2) The anchoring piece provided by the invention has at least one hole for blood to flow through, the blood supply of the blood vessel where the anchoring catheter is positioned is not influenced in the puncturing process, the blood supply of the blood vessel where the anchoring catheter is positioned can be quickly restored, and the operation time is saved.
(3) In addition, compared with the balloon catheter anchoring mode in the prior art, the anchoring piece has higher friction force with the blood vessel wall, and can prevent the puncture needle from being retracted in the puncture process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first implementation of an intraluminal anchoring balloon catheter according to example I of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second implementation of an intraluminal anchoring balloon catheter according to example I of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a third embodiment of an intraluminal anchoring balloon catheter according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a third embodiment of an intraluminal anchoring balloon catheter according to an embodiment of the present invention, as received in a sheath;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an in situ fenestration process of an endoluminal anchoring balloon catheter for assisting in a stent graft in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a first implementation of an intraluminal anchoring catheter according to embodiment II of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a first implementation of an intraluminal anchoring catheter according to example two of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a left side view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of another configuration of the first implementation of the intraluminal anchoring catheter of example two of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a second implementation of an intraluminal anchoring catheter according to example two of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a second implementation of an intraluminal anchoring catheter according to example two of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a left side view of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a third implementation of an intraluminal anchoring catheter according to example two of the present invention;
Fig. 14 is a perspective view of a third implementation of an intraluminal anchoring catheter according to example two of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Orientation definition: in the interventional medical field, the position closer to the operator is generally defined as the proximal end, and the position farther from the operator is defined as the distal end. The axial direction of the intracavity anchoring catheter is the direction of the central axis of the catheter body.
Example 1
The intracavity anchoring catheter provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for assisting puncture aiming at the tectorial membrane of the tectorial membrane bracket. The puncture needle is movably arranged in the intracavity anchoring catheter in a penetrating way so as to realize the conveying, guiding and positioning of the puncture needle.
Referring to fig. 1, the intraluminal anchoring catheter comprises a hollow catheter tube 100 and an anchor 200 disposed at the distal end of the catheter tube 100. A puncture needle (not shown) is movably disposed through the catheter tube 100. The anchor 200 expands radially outward from the catheter tube 100 in its natural state. The anchor 200 may be supported on the inner wall of the vessel after expansion to limit radial movement of the catheter tube 100 and the needle penetrating the catheter tube 100. Therefore, after the puncture needle is passed out from the distal end opening of the catheter tube 100, the radial position of the puncture needle can be maintained unchanged even if it is positioned at a branch vessel having a complicated anatomical structure or is subjected to high-speed blood flushing, thereby improving the accuracy of puncture. Preferably, the anchors 200 are axisymmetrically disposed about the central axis of the catheter tube 100 so that the puncture needle can remain located at the central axis of the blood vessel at all times. The anchor 200 is provided with at least one aperture extending axially through the anchor 200 for blood flow therethrough. The anchor 200 is provided with a through hole 250 coaxial with the distal opening of the catheter tube 100. The reason for the provision of the through holes 250 is as follows: one is that when the distal end of the anchor 200 exceeds the distal end of the catheter tube 100, the through-hole 250 of the anchor 200 is coaxial with the distal opening of the catheter tube 100 and is available to receive and pass through an instrument (e.g., a puncture needle in the present embodiment) in the catheter tube 100 such that the puncture needle can be smoothly passed through the distal opening of the catheter tube 100 and the through-hole 250 of the anchor 200 without radial deflection; second, when the distal end of the anchor 200 does not protrude beyond the distal end of the catheter tube 100, the distal end of the catheter tube 100 may be passed out of the through hole 250 of the anchor 200, and then a puncture needle or the like, which is inserted into the lumen of the catheter tube 100, may be passed out of the distal end of the catheter tube 100 without radial deflection.
The main function of the catheter tube 100 is to receive and pass through a puncture needle. The catheter tube 100 is a hollow tubular structure with a certain axial length, and can be made of a single layer of material, such as nylon, nylon elastomer or polyurethane, or can be made of multiple materials in a composite manner, such as a smooth inner layer of PTFE, a metal wire reinforcing layer and a thermoplastic outer layer material. The inner diameter of catheter tube 100 mates with the outer diameter of the needle such that the two form a clearance fit or a slip fit.
Since the anchor 200 needs to be delivered to the designated penetration site using a delivery sheath, the anchor 200 needs to be made of a material having shape memory (e.g., nickel titanium alloy used in this embodiment) so that the anchor 200 can be received into the delivery sheath after being compressed radially and stretched axially. After the distal end of catheter tube 100 has approached the puncture site, the delivery sheath is retracted, allowing anchor 200 to be released from the delivery sheath, anchor 200 expanding radially outward and supporting against vessel wall 900.
The anchor 200 has a mesh body formed of a plurality of mesh wires. The anchor 200 having the mesh body has higher friction with the vessel wall, can effectively prevent the withdrawal of the puncture needle during the puncture process, and can also capture part of thrombus or sloughed plaque in the vessel. The mesh body of the anchor 200 may be a cylindrical body structure, a disc body structure, or an umbrella body structure.
The anchors 200 may be classified into closed structures (or approximately closed structures) and non-closed structures according to the closing condition of the mesh body. For example, the anchor 200 having a columnar structure and a disk structure is a closed structure or an approximately closed structure. The anchor 200 having an umbrella structure is a non-closed structure, and the umbrella opening may be toward the proximal or distal end of the catheter tube 100. Preferably, in the anchor 200 of the umbrella structure, the umbrella opening of the anchor 200 is required to be contracted or turned in the axial direction of the catheter body 100 in order to avoid the umbrella opening penetrating the inner wall 900 of the blood vessel.
Depending on the axial length of the mesh body, the anchor 200 may be divided into a disc-like body structure and a column-like body structure, wherein: the axial length of the anchor 200 having the disc structure is short and the axial length of the anchor 200 having the columnar structure is long. The expanded anchor 200 has a curved or cylindrical side wall that is supported on the vessel inner wall 900. The contact area of the side wall of the anchor 200 having the disk-shaped body structure with the inner wall 900 of the blood vessel is small, and the contact area of the side wall of the anchor 200 having the columnar body structure with the inner wall 900 of the blood vessel is large. It will be appreciated that the particular use of the disc-shaped or cylindrical body-structured anchor 200 during the procedure should be determined based on factors such as vessel diameter, puncture location, puncture force, etc.
The mesh body of the anchor 200 may be formed from a plurality of braided filaments that are interlaced or cut from a tubular body. In this embodiment, the mesh body is woven from a plurality of woven filaments. The ends 230 of the plurality of braided wires are gathered together to form a proximal or distal end of the anchor 200 and secured to the catheter tube 100. The braided wires extend radially outward from catheter tube 100 and gradually reverse direction, ultimately forming anchors 200 for a cylindrical, disk, or umbrella. Thus, anchor 200 does not leave a braided wire tip 230 on the side wall that contacts vessel inner wall 900, avoiding sharp braided wire tip 230 from damaging the vessel.
The anchor 200 is secured to the catheter tube 100 in several ways:
As shown in fig. 1, the first embodiment: the distal end of the anchor 200 is fixed at the distal nozzle of the catheter tube 100, and a plurality of braided wire tips 230 are disposed around the wall of the distal nozzle of the catheter tube 100, so that the distal nozzle of the catheter tube 100 can form a through hole 250, and the through hole 250 is a puncture hole through which the needle of the puncture needle passes. Each braided wire is extended and expanded to the outside of the distal end from the tip 230 fixed to the distal end nozzle of the catheter tube 100, and then turned upside down after reaching the inner wall 900 of the blood vessel, so that the side wall 210 of the anchor 200 supports the inner wall 900 of the blood vessel, thereby forming stable anchoring and supporting. The proximal end of the anchor 200 may be provided as a free end 220, i.e., the proximal end of each braided wire need not be secured to the catheter tube 100 to form a column or disk of approximately closed configuration, with the mesh of column or disk structures formed by interlacing of the plurality of braided wires as apertures through which blood flow may pass. The manner of fixing the braided wire to the catheter tube 100 may be by any means commonly used in the art, such as welding or bonding.
As shown in fig. 2, the second embodiment is: the proximal end of the anchor 200 is secured to the outer surface of the catheter tube 100. At the center of the distal end of the anchor 200 is disposed a through hole 250 (i.e., a puncture hole) through which a puncture needle passes, i.e., the distal ends of a plurality of braided wires form the through hole 250 as a puncture hole around the central axis of the catheter tube 100. The plurality of braided wire ends 230 are uniformly fixed in the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the catheter tube 100, and each braided wire extends and expands radially outwards from the end 230, and turns over to the distal end of the catheter tube 100 after reaching the inner wall 900 of the blood vessel, so that the side wall 210 of the anchor 200 is supported on the inner wall 900 of the blood vessel to form stable anchoring and supporting. In this way, the shape of the anchor 200 may be a cylindrical body structure, a disc-like body structure, and an umbrella-like body structure as well, except that a through hole 250 as a puncture hole is provided in the distal center of the anchor 200, the through hole 250 axially corresponds to the distal nozzle of the catheter tube 100, and the puncture needle penetrating from the catheter tube 100 is penetrated through the through hole 250.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the third embodiment is as follows: the catheter tube 100 includes an inner tube and an outer tube disposed generally coaxially, the inner tube being movably disposed through the outer tube and the inner tube being axially movable relative to the outer tube. The distal end of anchor 200 is secured to the distal end of the inner tube and the proximal end of anchor 200 is secured to the proximal end of the outer tube. The distal center of the anchor 200 is provided with a through hole 250 as a puncture hole. In this manner, the proximal end and the distal end of the anchor 200 are fixed to the outer tube or the inner tube, respectively, and the expanded state and the contracted state of the anchor 200 are realized by the axial movement between the inner tube and the outer tube, that is, when the inner tube is withdrawn such that the portion of the tube body near the distal end of the inner tube is received in the outer tube, the distance between the distal end of the inner tube and the distal end of the outer tube is reduced, and the anchor 200 is radially expanded, axially contracted, and supported on the inner wall of the blood vessel (as shown in fig. 3); when the inner tube is pushed forward such that a portion of the tube body near the distal end of the inner tube extends out of the outer tube, the distance between the distal ends of the inner tube and the outer tube is enlarged, and the anchor 200 is axially stretched and radially contracted to form a state of being able to receive the sheath (as shown in fig. 4).
The intracavity anchoring catheter provided by the embodiment can be used for assisting in-situ windowing of the covered stent. Referring to fig. 5, the stent graft 700 is to be placed in a vessel 600 of an aortic arch of a patient, and since the stent graft 700 covers the entire inlet of the branched vessel 900 to block blood flow therethrough, the stent graft at the inlet needs to be punctured to form a window for blood flow therethrough (i.e., an in-situ fenestration of the stent graft). In the fenestration procedure, the endoluminal anchor catheter is first delivered to the branch vessel 900 through a delivery sheath (not shown) under the guidance of a guidewire (not shown), the delivery sheath is withdrawn, and the anchor 200 is released from the delivery sheath, expands outwardly and is supported on the inner wall of the branch vessel 900. Due to the mesh body structure of the anchor 200, blood may continue to pass through the mesh of the mesh body without the branch blood supply being affected. Then the guide wire is withdrawn, the puncture needle 800 is pushed into the branch vessel 900 along the catheter body 100 of the intracavity anchoring catheter, and as the anchoring piece 200 of the intracavity anchoring catheter expands outwards and is supported on the inner wall of the branch vessel 900, the distal end of the puncture needle 800 can be positioned at the approximate central axis of the branch vessel 900 under the assistance of the anchoring piece 200, when an operator pushes the puncture needle 800 distally, the puncture needle 800 is quickly pierced distally under the guide of the anchoring piece 200, and the tectorial membrane is pierced, so that the in-situ windowing of the tectorial membrane bracket 700 is realized.
Example two
The structure of the endoluminal anchor catheter of the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the anchor 300 of the second embodiment is comprised of a plurality of struts disposed at the distal end of the catheter tube 100. Specifically, there are various embodiments of the anchor 300 structure, as follows:
As shown in fig. 6-9, the first embodiment is: the anchor 300 is comprised of a plurality of struts 301 disposed axisymmetrically about the distal end of the catheter tube 100, each strut 301 extending circumferentially from the distal end of the catheter tube 100. Each strut 301 may be a straight rod or heat-set to have a certain curvature. Each strut 301 extends circumferentially from the distal end of the catheter tube 100 and is supported on the vessel wall 900. The ends of each strut 301 are secured to the distal end of the catheter tube 100, either outside or inside the orifice of the distal end of the catheter tube 100, preferably inside the orifice.
The number of the struts 301 is at least three, and generally 3 to 12 struts are provided. In this embodiment, 6 struts 301 are provided. Depending on the process, the struts 301 may be formed from wire and welded to the catheter tube 100 (as shown in fig. 6), or the struts 301 may be formed from a process that cuts the tube of the catheter tube 100 near the distal end to form an integrally constructed anchor 300 (as shown in fig. 9).
Second embodiment: to enhance the supportive properties of the anchor 300, the plurality of struts 301 are preferably cross-linkable to one another to form a cross-linked structure. The cross-linked structure refers to a structure in which adjacent struts 301 are connected to each other, and all struts 301 are formed into a whole, so that the supporting performance of the whole structure is more stable. Specifically, the crosslinking structure may be set as: connecting rods 302 are arranged between two adjacent struts 301 for radial connection (as shown in fig. 10-12); or each strut 301 is formed by merging with its adjacent strut 301; alternatively, each strut 301 extending from the distal end of the catheter tube 100 may be bifurcated to form two branch struts, which are then combined to form a cross-linked structure (as shown in FIGS. 13-14).
In the embodiment shown in fig. 6-12, the struts 301 are turned over after extending to the inner wall 900 of the blood vessel and being constrained by the inner wall 900 of the blood vessel such that the distal ends of the struts 301 are substantially parallel to the inner wall 900 of the blood vessel, or the struts 301 are turned further toward the catheter tube 100, and the distal ends of the struts 301 are curled toward the catheter tube 100. Preferably, to enhance the support of the anchor 300, the struts 301 extend distally from the catheter tube 100 and gradually evert proximally, with the struts 301 laterally supported on the vessel wall 900.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 13 to 14, since the distal end of the strut 301 is supported on the inner wall 900 of the blood vessel, the strut 301 is preferably arranged such that the distal end thereof has a large diameter, and the distal end of the strut 301 contacting the inner wall of the blood vessel needs to be arranged in a circular arc shape to increase the contact area between the strut 301 and the inner wall 900 of the blood vessel to improve friction and anchoring force and to avoid damaging the wall of the blood vessel.
The usage of the intra-cavity anchoring catheter provided in this embodiment is substantially the same as that provided in the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail herein.
In summary, the lumen of the intraluminal anchoring catheter provided by the invention provides a passage for other instruments to pass through, and the anchoring device at the distal end of the catheter can limit the catheter and the instruments in the catheter from radial deflection, and meanwhile, the normal circulation of blood of the blood vessel where the intraluminal anchoring catheter is positioned is not affected. In addition, compared with the balloon catheter anchoring mode in the prior art, the anchoring piece has higher friction force with the blood vessel wall, and can prevent the puncture needle from being retracted in the puncture process.
It can be understood that in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the in-situ windowing of the stent covered by the auxiliary lumen anchoring catheter is taken as an example, and the specific embodiment of the invention is explained and illustrated, and the provided lumen anchoring catheter can also be used for other interventional operations such as puncture of an endoluminal blood vessel, puncture of a re-returning true lumen blood vessel and the like, and the inner cavity of the hollow catheter tube body is only used as a conveying channel of other instruments.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. An intracavity anchoring catheter for intracavity vascular reconstruction surgery, which is characterized by comprising a hollow catheter tube and an anchoring piece arranged at the far end of the catheter tube, wherein one end of the anchoring piece is connected with the catheter tube, and the other end is a free end; the anchoring piece is expanded outwards from the catheter tube body in the radial direction and gradually overturns reversely in a natural state, and the free end is curled towards the catheter tube body; the anchor has a mesh body comprised of a plurality of mesh wires; the anchor is provided with a through hole coaxial with the distal opening of the catheter tube, and the anchor is provided with at least one aperture axially extending through the anchor.
2. The endoluminal anchoring catheter according to claim 1, wherein the anchor is axisymmetric about a central axis of the catheter tube and the proximal or distal end of the anchor is secured to the catheter tube.
3. The endoluminal anchoring catheter according to claim 1, wherein the anchor is made of a material having a shape memory function.
4. The endoluminal anchoring catheter according to claim 1, wherein the mesh body is a cylindrical body structure, a disc body structure or an umbrella body structure.
5. The endoluminal anchor catheter according to claim 1, wherein the anchor is formed by a plurality of braided wires interlaced or cut from a tubular body.
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